KR102197616B1 - 3D profiled beam preforms in which the thickness direction fibers are continuously reinforced and a method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated flat preform part having one orthogonal bonding layer through which fibers in the thickness direction pass through the entire thickness of the preform; And a separable flat plate preform part having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers in contact with the integrated flat plate preform part and a fiber in a thickness direction penetrating a part of the thickness of the preform. The semi-structured profile beam preform provided in one aspect of the present invention is manufactured by an orthogonal bonding method to minimize the spacing between warp and weft, thereby having a compact configuration.

Description

{3D profiled beam preforms in which the thickness direction fibers are continuously reinforced and a method for manufacturing the same}

The present invention relates to a 3D profile beam preform in which thickness direction fibers are continuously reinforced and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, a fiber in the thickness direction is made to penetrate the entire thickness or a part of the preform, and a portion through which only a part of the thickness is penetrated is It relates to a near-net-shape preform of various cross-sections manufactured to be branched and a method of manufacturing the same.

Laminated composites used in aircraft and automobile parts have excellent in-plane characteristics, but have a disadvantage in that the thickness direction characteristics are inferior because fiber reinforcement in the thickness direction is not possible. To solve this problem, various 3D (3-Dimensional) technologies are being developed. Among these, 3D weaving technology is considered important, because it is easy to expand to 3D technology from the diversity and usefulness of 2D weaving technology. Since 3D weaving technology can give fiber continuity in the thickness direction, it can improve mechanical properties such as T section, Pi section, and wing root-fitting, which are complex profiles. In other words, in the case of conventional laminated composites, in the case of the T section, the panel member and the beam member are usually bonded to form an integral structure. In this case, fiber reinforcement is not provided between the two members, but only resin is connected, so structurally weak. However, when the 3D preform technology is applied, the structural strength is improved because the two members are connected by fibers without fiber breakage, and the near-net shape is possible, so if mass weaving technology is developed, the manufacturing time can be shortened.

Preforms by 3D weaving weaving include (i) a manufacturing method using a 3D weaving machine and (ii) a manufacturing method using a 2D weaving machine. 3D weaving machines are currently under development or are self-made laboratory-scale equipment by several companies or research institutes and are not commercially available on the market. On the other hand, 2D weaving machines are generally commercially available as machines known as 2D Loom, and if this equipment is used, 3D preforms with desired structures can be manufactured economically and easily.

The fabric woven by weaving consists of fibers in two directions: a warp in the longitudinal direction and a fill or weft in the width direction perpendicular thereto. Loom is divided into four functions: shedding, filling insertion, beat-up, and take-up according to the order in which fibers are made into fabric. 1 schematically shows the basic functions and structures of Loom.

The basic mechanical operation of weaving is as follows. The opening is a process in which the weft thread is inserted by making a gap between a series of warps by vertically moving a harness through which the warp passes. The warp actually passes through the heald inside the harness, which is a kind of wire and a loop is formed in the middle. When the opening occurs, the shuttle with the weft yarn passes between the warp and penetrates in the width direction. The warp and weft yarns woven in this way go through a winding motion. Here, a reed in a shape like a comb is moved back and forth to form a fabric while compressing the fiber bundle. When the body needle is finished, the woven fabric is wound on a roller (winding motion) so that the next weaving operation is continued, and the fabric of the desired length is manufactured by repeating these four operations continuously.

For example, the non-patent document "ECCM15-15TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS, Venice, Italy, 24-28 June 2012" discloses angle interlock, orthogonal and layer to layer methods as a three-dimensional weaving method.

In addition, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0891474 relates to a continuous weaving method and a continuous weaving apparatus for a 3D orthogonal fabric having a unit cell size, and the present invention is perpendicular to the X-axis orthogonal plane. In a 3D weaving apparatus in which a plurality of Y-axis rods are arranged at equal intervals on the X-axis orthogonal plane in the Y-axis direction, one is inserted between the plurality of Y-axis rods, and the X-axis-Y-axis orthogonal A plurality of linear rapiers reciprocating along any one axis of the plane; And a plurality of c-type rapiers which are inserted one by one for each of the plurality of x-axis rods in a direction perpendicular to the linear rapier, and reciprocate along the other axis of the x-axis orthogonal plane. The linear rapier includes hook grooves 21 formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction, respectively, and a fiber withdrawal groove formed at a central point in the longitudinal direction, and the C-type rapier, A side plate portion with a hook groove formed on one end side and a hook groove corresponding to the hook groove extending horizontally from the upper side of the other end side of the side plate by a first set length (L1) are free. An upper plate formed at the free end, and a lower plate extending in a horizontal direction by a second set length L2 corresponding to 50% of the first set length from the lower side of the other end, and the fiber drawing groove formed at the free end. Disclosed is a continuous weaving apparatus for a 3D orthogonal weaving fabric characterized in that it is provided.

However, the inventors of the present invention completed the present invention as a result of conducting a study on a weaving technique that enables a detailed fabrication so as not to be structurally vulnerable, and allows branching at a desired position.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0891474

JETAVAT, D. et al, "3D WEAVING OF NEAR NET PREFORMS", ECCM15-15TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS, Venice, Italy, 24-28 June 2012.

An object of the present invention is to provide a semi-structured profile beam preform including an integrated flat plate preform and a separate flat plate preform.

In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect of the present invention

An integrated flat preform part having one orthogonal bonding layer through which fibers in the thickness direction pass through the entire thickness of the preform; And a separable flat plate preform having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers by contacting the integrated flat plate preform and passing through a portion of the thickness of the preform.

In addition, in another aspect of the present invention

A method of manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform in an orthogonal bonding method, comprising: forming an integral flat preform portion having one orthogonal bonding layer by allowing fibers in a thickness direction to penetrate the entire thickness of the preform; Providing a method for manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform comprising the step of forming a separate flat plate preform having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers by contacting the integrated flat plate preform and passing through a portion of the thickness of the preform in a thickness direction. do.

In addition, in another aspect of the present invention, a warp, a heald, a harness, a reed, and a shuttle are included, and the body includes fibers in the thickness direction and other It provides a semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that it further comprises an additional reed wire for allowing the slope to be spaced apart.

The semi-structured profile beam preform provided in one aspect of the present invention is manufactured by an orthogonal bonding method to minimize the spacing between warp and weft, thereby having a compact configuration.

In addition, the method of manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform provided in another aspect of the present invention has an effect that, unlike other weaving methods, all parts can be woven without a part that cannot be woven due to the inclination passing through the entire thickness.

1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a general weaving device Loom,
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing methods for three-dimensional weaving, where (a) is an orthogonal binding method, (b) is a layer to layer method, and (c) is a schematic diagram showing a through-the-thickness method,
3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing methods for three-dimensional weaving, where (a) is an orthogonal binding method, (b) is a layer to layer method, and (c) is a schematic diagram illustrating a through-the-thickness method,
4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an orthogonal binding method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
5 is a lifting diagram for an orthogonal binding method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
6 is a schematic diagram showing a shape of a π-shaped beam,
7 is a schematic view of a side cross-section in the longitudinal direction of a preform for manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform including an integrated flat plate preform and a separate flat plate preform according to an embodiment of the present invention,
8 is a lifting diagram for manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform including an integrated flat plate preform and a separate flat plate preform according to an embodiment of the present invention,
9 is a schematic diagram of a side cross-section in the longitudinal direction of a preform for manufacturing a π-shaped beam preform according to an embodiment of the present invention,
10 is a schematic diagram showing a preform shape manufactured for manufacturing a π-shaped beam and a manufactured π-shaped beam according to an embodiment of the present invention,
11 is a photograph of a π-type beam manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention,
12 is an X-shaped beam photograph manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention,
13 is a schematic diagram showing a preform shape manufactured for manufacturing a T-beam and a manufactured T-beam according to an embodiment of the present invention,
14 is a photograph of a T-beam manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention,
15 is a schematic diagram showing a preform shape manufactured for manufacturing an H-beam and a manufactured H-beam according to an embodiment of the present invention,
16 is a photograph of an H-beam manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an example showing a structure inside a reed and an arrangement of warp in manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform including an integrated flat plate preform and a separate flat plate preform according to an embodiment of the present invention .

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by an expert skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

An object of the present invention is to provide a semi-structured profile beam preform including an integrated flat plate preform and a separate flat plate preform.

To this end, the inventors include an integrated flat plate preform having one orthogonal bonding layer through which fibers in the thickness direction penetrate the entire thickness of the preform; And a separable flat plate preform part having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers in contact with the integrated flat plate preform part and having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers through which fibers in the thickness direction pass through a portion of the preform thickness.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform.

To this end, the inventors provide a method of manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform in an orthogonal bonding method, the steps of forming an integrated flat preform part having one orthogonal bonding layer by allowing fibers in the thickness direction to penetrate the entire thickness of the preform; Development of a method for manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform comprising the step of forming a separate flat plate preform having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers by contacting the integrated flat plate preform part and passing through a portion of the thickness of the preform in a thickness direction I did.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to implement a semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus for implementing the method of manufacturing the semi-structured profile beam preform.

To this end, the inventors include warp, heddle, heald frame, reed, and shuttle, and the body allows fibers in the thickness direction and other warp to be spaced apart. A semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that it further includes an additional reed wire, was developed.

Hereinafter, the direction in which the warp is stacked is defined as the thickness direction of the preform, the direction in which the warp is inserted is defined as the length direction of the preform, and the direction in which the weft is inserted is defined as the width direction of the preform.

Hereinafter, the orthogonal method means that the fibers of the three axes form a right angle to each other, the warp is stacked in the thickness direction, and the fibers in the thickness direction are inserted in the same direction as the warp and move up and down perpendicular to each warp in the thickness direction. It refers to a method of weaving a three-dimensional fabric in which the weft is inserted between the fibers in the warp and thickness directions. It can be clearly understood through FIGS. 2 and 3.

Hereinafter, a configuration of a semi-structured profile beam preform according to an aspect of the present invention will be described in detail.

The semi-structured profile beam preform provided in an aspect of the present invention includes an integrated flat plate preform portion having one orthogonal bonding layer through which fibers in the thickness direction pass through the entire thickness of the preform; And a separable flat plate preform portion having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers through which fibers in the thickness direction pass through a partial thickness of the preform.

The fibers in the thickness direction in each of the preforms refer to fibers that penetrate in the thickness direction and connect each layer. It can be understood by the yellow line of FIGS. 2 to 4. Hereinafter, fibers in the thickness direction of the preform, fibers passing through the thickness, fibers passing through the thickness, the inclination in the thickness direction, the inclination through the thickness, and similar phrases may be interpreted as such. Accordingly, it can be understood that the fibers in the thickness direction are included in the warp as one type of warp. That is, in slopes 1 to 6 in FIG. 4, inclinations 1 and 6 refer to fibers in the thickness direction, and in slopes 1 to 10 in FIG. 9, slopes 7, 8, 9, and 10 refer to fibers in the thickness direction. .

Hereinafter, the "integrated flat plate preform part" has the same meaning as the "integrated part", and the "separable flat plate preform part" is defined as having the same meaning as the "branching part".

The integrated flat preform having one orthogonal bonding layer may be composed of warp, weft, and fibers in a thickness direction penetrating the entire thickness. The weft yarn is vertically inserted between the warp yarns stacked in the thickness direction, and fibers in the thickness direction perpendicular to both the warp yarn and the weft yarn connect each layer. It can be understood through FIGS. 3 to 4.

In addition, the separable flat preform having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers may be a separable flat preform having two separate orthogonal bonding layers as a specific example.

In addition, the separable flat preform having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers may be composed of a plurality of layers including warp, weft, and fibers in a thickness direction penetrating through a partial thickness as one layer. Each layer can be branched at the point where it meets the integral flat preform. It can be understood through FIGS. 7, 9, 10, 13, and 15.

In addition, in each of the preforms, the fibers in the thickness direction and other inclinations may be positioned to be shifted in the width direction of the preform. In the case of fibers in the thickness direction of the preform, several layers are moved up and down, so more friction occurs with other fibers. It is preferable in that such friction is minimized by separating the fibers in the thickness direction of the preform and other warp. The above can be understood with reference to FIGS. 3 and 17.

In addition, the fibers in the thickness direction in each of the preforms may be one or more fiber bundles selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, glass fibers, and Kevlar fibers.

When the fibers in the thickness direction are carbon fiber bundles, it is preferable to use 1 k to 6 k. 1 k means 1000 strands.

When the fiber in the thickness direction is a bundle of Kevlar fibers, it is preferable to use 1000 denier to 1500 denier. Denier is the total weight of the fiber in grams when the length of the fiber is 9000 m.

When the fiber in the thickness direction is a bundle of glass fibers, it is preferable to use a bundle of fibers having a thickness similar to that of the bundle of carbon fibers or Kevlar fiber.

Since the fibers in the thickness direction form a lot of bends on the surface of the preform, when a fiber having high rigidity is used, the weft gap may be widened due to this bend. Therefore, it is preferable to use the fiber bundle in the above range as the fiber in the thickness direction.

In addition, the semi-structured profile beam preform can obtain a desired shape through repetition and combination of the integral flat preform portion and the separate flat plate preform portion, and the desired shape can be obtained by adjusting the length of each preform portion.

In addition, the semi-structured profile beam preform is characterized in that it has at least one shape selected from the group consisting of π-type, H-type, I-type, X-type, T-type, and Y-type when the separable flat preform part is deployed. It may be a semi-structured profile beam preform.

For example, in the case of π-type, H-type, I-type, and X-type beams, it can be obtained by deploying a semi-structured profile beam preform combined in the order of a separate flat plate preform part-integrated flat plate preform part-separable flat preform part. Different types of beams can be obtained according to the length of each of the flat plate preform and the integral flat preform and the rotation angle of each layer to be separated from the separate flat preform. However, in the case of the combination of the separate flat preform part and the integrated flat preform part, the fiber in the thickness direction must be continuously maintained at the connection part of the detachable flat preform part and the integrated flat preform part, so the fiber in the thickness direction of the integrated flat preform part penetrates. It should be configured to start from one cross section in the thickness direction of the integrated flat preform part and end on the same plane. It can be understood in more detail by the π-type beam manufacturing process of Example 2 below.

In the case of X-type, it can be obtained by adjusting the length of the integral flat preform part to be shorter than that of the π-type, H-type and I-type. It can be manufactured, and π-type according to the rotation angle of the branch; H and I types; It can be classified as type X.

In the case of T-shaped and Y-shaped beams, it can be obtained by deploying a semi-structured profile beam preform in which a separate flat plate preform part and an integrated flat plate preform part are combined. Different types of beams can be obtained depending on the rotation angle of the floor. T-type and Y-type can be manufactured separately by varying the rotation angle of each layer to be separated.

In addition, various forms can be formed by combining and repetition of various separate flat preform parts and integrated flat preform parts, adjusting the length of each preform part, adjusting the rotation angle of each separated layer, and adjusting the number of layers separated in the separate flat preform part. A semi-structured profile beam can be obtained.

The semi-structured profile beam preform is manufactured in three dimensions by an orthogonal binding method, and has the advantage of minimizing the spacing of warp and weft yarns and enabling precise fabrication because fibers penetrating the thickness vertically penetrate. When the branch is manufactured by the method, there is also an advantage in that there is no part that cannot be woven compared to other weaving methods in which a part that cannot be woven occurs.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform provided in another aspect of the present invention will be described in detail. It can be understood in more detail through the drawings and examples.

First, a multilayer flat plate manufacturing process using an orthogonal bonding method will be described in detail.

In the case of the existing two-dimensional fabric, the warp and weft yarns cross each other to form two layers. The simplest plain weave structure consists of two heald frames of the loom to form an opening while alternately moving up and down. However, in a three-dimensional array of preforms, since several layers of warp and weft are arranged, several heald frames must be used, and the heald frames must be combined to form an opening by vertical motion.

4 shows an orthogonal having a multilayered structure in the simplest form. This structure is a structure that clearly shows the flexibility of the material design of three-dimensional fabrics in that the three-axis fibers are basically at right angles to each other, and the type, thickness, and amount of each fiber can be appropriately adjusted according to the required characteristics. to be. In this figure, warp is indicated by 1 to 6, and weft is indicated by columns of a, b, and c, respectively, and 1 to 5 in the thickness direction. As mentioned above, the direction in which the warp is stacked is defined as the thickness direction, the direction of the warp is defined as the length direction, and the direction of the weft is defined as the width direction.

4 is a side cross-sectional view of the woven preform in the longitudinal direction, and it looks as if the warp passes between the fixed wefts, but when actually weaving, the weft is inserted between the arranged warp. That is, one or several fibers of warp 1 to 6 passing through the heald frame are pulled up sequentially together and a weft thread is inserted. For example, to insert the weft thread a1, the warp 1 is raised and the remaining 2 to 6 remain the same, and to insert the weft a2, the warp 1 and 2 are raised. Likewise, for example, to insert b3, tilts 2, 3, and 6 are raised. This process proceeds to row b where the basic structure is repeated, after which the pattern can be repeated continuously. Lifting the heald frame having a series of inclinations above is called lifting, and a lifting diagram for obtaining a preform of an orthogonal structure is shown in Fig. 5. In this table, the black square indicates the heald frame that is raised upwards, W indicates the number of the heald frame with inclination, and F indicates the weft. By inputting the thus prepared lifting diagram to the control panel of the loom, the heald frame of the loom is raised in this order.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform provided in another aspect of the present invention will be described in detail through examples based on the description of the multilayer plate manufacturing process using the orthogonal bonding method. These examples are for illustrative purposes only, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the scope of the present invention is not construed as being limited by these experimental examples.

<Example 1> Preparation of a semi-structured profile beam preform including an integrated flat plate preform and a separate flat plate preform

The manufacturing process of the branch plate is described for a π-type beam. The reason is that the π-type beam has both a T-beam and an H-beam. 6 shows the shape of a π-shaped beam, and since it is a structure that is connected to other members from the left and right compared to the conventional T joint, it can be expected that the joint member will have excellent mechanical properties. The upper part of the beam is called a flange, the part that is split into two parts below is called a leg, and the gap between the two legs is called a gap. The leg portion may be referred to as a T-beam or a web in the case of an H-beam.

7 is a side cross-sectional view of the woven preform in the longitudinal direction. Here, warp 9, 10, and warp 7 and 8, which mean the fibers in the thickness direction, do not penetrate to the full thickness, but penetrate to a half thickness, and in the integral part, the warp 7 and 10 are penetrated to the full thickness. Slopes 8 and 9 go through the center of the preform. That is, since the inclination in the thickness direction of the branch portion is not connected through the whole, the two portions are separated. When weaving, one or several fibers of warp 1 to 10 passing through the heald frame are pulled up sequentially together and the weft is inserted. For example, referring to FIG. 7, in order to insert the weft a1, the warp 10 must be raised, and the remaining 1 to 9 remain, and to insert the fiber a2, the warp 6 and 10 are raised. Likewise, for example, to insert b5, the slopes 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10 are raised. Here, the fiber rows a and b are repeated continuously until branch A. After that, an integral part comes, and the integral part is performed like the above'multilayer flat plate manufacturing process'. In other words, to insert c1, you need to put up the 7th fiber, and to insert c5, you just need to put up 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Here, the position where b5 is inserted and the position where c5 is inserted are at the same position on the preform, but depending on whether it is located at a branch or integral part, it can be seen that the selection of the slope to be raised is a combination of different numbers. As explained earlier, in this operation, branch part A/ integral part/ branch part B are repeated, and these three parts become the basic cycle. Repeat the basic cycle to get the desired beam over and over again. The lifting diagram for raising the heald frame is shown in FIG. 8 because the patterns a, b, c, and d are different.

Fig. 17 shows the body, in which the weft yarns are in close contact with each other at the end of the step so that the weft yarns are stacked in the thickness direction of the preform. As shown in FIG. 1, the body has uniform reed wires in the longitudinal direction, and since the total number of fibers to be used is determined according to the spacing of the flesh, the density of the preform is finally determined. That is, the narrower the gap between the flesh, the more fibers can be included. However, if the fibers are too dense due to the narrow space between the threads, damage may occur due to friction between the fibers and the opening may be unstable. Therefore, it must be determined in consideration of both the performance of the composite material and the weaving property. In particular, in the case of the fibers in the thickness direction in the three-dimensional weaving (warps 7, 8, 9, and 10 in Fig. 9), several layers are moved up and down, resulting in more friction with other fibers. In a way to minimize this friction, it is necessary to separate the fibers passing through the preform thickness and the fibers therewith. FIG. 17 shows the thickness of the body and the inclination passing through it in the case of the fiber arrangement of FIG. 9. That is, since the number of slopes 1 to 6 is large, the cells pass through a wide space, and the slopes 7 to 10 show that the cells pass through a narrow space. Usually, fibers passing through the entire thickness form a lot of curvature on the surface of the preform, so when using a fiber with high rigidity such as carbon fiber, the gap between the weft yarns is widened due to this curvature, and thus the structure may be loose. Therefore, it is advantageous to use fine fibers that warp through the entire thickness. Even in this case, the body can be designed by varying the thickness of the flesh.

So far, the basic lifting diagrams for the branched plate and the integral plate have been obtained. In order to form a profile beam, this basic pattern can be appropriately repeated so that the desired size of the beam is achieved.

<Example 2> Preparation of π-type beam

9 shows a fiber arrangement diagram for a beam with a reduced gap distance in FIG. 7. To fabricate a π-shaped beam, the size of the beam was determined so that the flange width was 100 mm and the leg length was 50 mm. From the weaving work performed in advance, it was confirmed that the winding length in the warp direction was about 4 mm. Since this length becomes the length in the inclined direction corresponding to each column a, b, c, and d of FIG. 9, the total length can be determined by determining the number of repetitions of the lifting chart corresponding to a, b, c, and d. Therefore, the width of the gap is also 4 mm. In addition, when repeating a pattern, a, b, c, and d must be connected. That is, abab .... cdc .... abab or abab .... cdcdc .... abab repeat is possible, but abab .... cdcd .... abab repeat is not possible. When the pattern between a, b, c and d changes, it is necessary to ensure that the connection of the warp is maintained continuously. That is, the penetration of the fiber in the thickness direction of the integral flat preform portion is configured to start from one end face of the integral flat preform portion in the thickness direction and end with the same surface. For example, fibers (inclined 9, 10) in the thickness direction passing through the upper layer in the branching portion of FIG. 9 must be inserted into the upper layer when inserted into the branching portion after passing through the integral portion, and fibers in the thickness direction passing through the lower layer ( The slopes 7 and 8) must be inserted downstairs when they are inserted back into the branch after passing through the integral part. To this end, the slope 10, which is inserted through the upper section in the thickness direction when inserted from the branch to the integral part, must be inserted so as to pass through the upper section when inserted from the integral part to the branch again. In this case, the slope 7 inserted through the lower section in the thickness direction should be inserted so as to pass the lower section when inserted from the integral part to the branch part again.

In this way, the gap width is not arbitrarily determined, and it is possible to combine an odd number of columns c or d. In order to obtain the desired gap width, the winding length must be adjusted or a different weft thickness must be used.

The size of the prepared π-type beam is shown in FIG. 10. Fig. 10 shows the shape of the preform produced by the loom and the shape of the π-shaped beam obtained by expanding the branching part. Here, the hatched square marks the integral part and the branch part is marked with a thick line. The dotted line indicates the position at which the preform is to be cut, and if the length of the branch part is 100 mm and the length of the integral part is 5 mm in FIG. 10, the length of (100 + 5) can be repeated. Table 1 summarizes the π-type beam size, the number of repetitions of the a, b, and c patterns, and the total number of steps of the pattern corresponding to one repetition cycle. Here, the exponent is the number of repetitions, the “/” indicates the boundary between the branch and the integral part, and “//” indicates the cycle repetition. 11 shows the manufactured π-type beam.

Flange width Leg length Leg gap lifting number of steps Preform (mm) 100 50 5 (ab) ¹⁴ a / c // 240

<Example 3> Preparation of X-shaped beam

The X-shaped beam can be rotated at a right angle between the flange and the leg in the π-shaped beam of FIG. 10. It has the same shape as in FIG. 12.

<Example 4> T-beam and Y-beam manufacturing method

13 shows the size of the manufactured T-beam. Fig. 13 shows the shape of the preform produced by the loom and the shape of the T-beam obtained by expanding the branching part. Here, the dotted line indicates the position where the preform is repeated. Table 2 summarizes the T-beam size, the number of repetitions of the a, b, c, and d patterns, and the total number of steps of the pattern corresponding to one repetition cycle. Here, the exponent is the number of repetitions, the “/” indicates the boundary between the branch and the integral part, and “//” indicates the cycle repetition. 14 shows the manufactured T-beam.

In addition, if the rotation angle of the branch portion is changed during deployment, a Y-shaped beam can be manufactured.

Flange width Leg length lifting number of steps Preform (mm) 50 50 (ab) ⁶ a / (cd) ⁶ c // 208

<Example 5> H-beam and I-beam manufacturing method

15 shows the size of the manufactured H-beam. Fig. 15 shows the shape of the preform produced by the loom and the shape of the H-beam obtained by expanding the branching portion. Here, the dotted line indicates the position where the preform is repeated. Table 3 summarizes the H-beam size, the number of repetitions of the patterns a, b, c, and d, and the total number of steps of the pattern corresponding to one repetition cycle. Here, the exponent is the number of repetitions, the “/” indicates the boundary between the branch and the integral part, and “//” indicates the cycle repetition. 16 shows the manufactured H-beam.

H-beam or I-beam can be obtained by adjusting the length of the integral flat preform and the separate flat preform.

Flange width Leg length lifting number of steps Preform (mm) 60 110 (ab) ⁶ a / (cd) ¹⁸ c // (ab) ⁷ 208

Hereinafter, a configuration and role of a semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus for implementing the semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing method will be described in detail.

The semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus includes the configuration of a general weaving apparatus. That is, a warp, a heald, a harness, a reed, a shuttle, and the like may be included.

The fabric woven by the profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus is composed of fibers in two directions: warp in the longitudinal direction and fill or weft in the width direction perpendicular thereto. The profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus is divided into four functions: shedding, filling insertion, beat-up, and take-up according to the order in which fibers are made into fabric.

The opening is a process in which the weft is inserted by making a gap between a series of warp by vertically moving a harness through which the warp passes. The warp actually passes through the heald inside the harness, which is a kind of wire and a loop is formed in the middle. When the opening occurs, the shuttle with the weft yarn passes between the warps and penetrates in the width direction of the preform. The warp and weft yarns woven in this way go through a winding motion. Here, a reed in the shape of a comb is moved back and forth to form a fabric while compressing the fiber bundle. When the body needle is finished, the woven fabric is wound on a roller (winding motion) so that the next weaving operation is continued, and the fabric of the desired length is manufactured by repeating these four operations continuously.

In addition, in the semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus, the body (reed) may further include an additional reed wire for allowing the fibers in the thickness direction and other inclinations to be spaced apart. The body plays a role of making the weft yarn stacked in the thickness direction of the preform by adhering the weft yarn every time the step is finished. As shown in FIG. 1, the body has a uniform reed wire in the longitudinal direction. Since the total number of fibers to be used is determined according to the thickness of the flesh, the density of the preform is finally determined. That is, the narrower the gap between the flesh, the more fibers can be included. However, if the fibers are too dense due to the narrow space between the threads, damage may occur due to friction between the fibers and the opening may be unstable. Therefore, it must be determined in consideration of both the performance of the composite material and the weaving property. In particular, in the case of a warp penetrating the preform thickness in 3D weaving (warp 7, 8, 9 and 10 in FIG. 9 ), several layers are moved up and down, resulting in more friction with other fibers. In a way to minimize this friction, it is necessary to separate the fibers passing through the preform thickness and the fibers therewith. To this end, in the semi-structured profile beam preform manufacturing apparatus, the body may further include a body flesh so that the fibers in the thickness direction and other inclinations are spaced apart. FIG. 17 shows the thickness of the body and the inclination passing through it in the case of the fiber arrangement of FIG. 9. That is, since the number of slopes 1 to 6 is large, the cells pass through a wide space, and the slopes 7 to 10 show that the cells pass through a narrow space.

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to specific embodiments, etc., and should be interpreted by the appended claims. In addition, those who have acquired ordinary knowledge in this technical field should understand that many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 oblique beam
2 slope guide
3 heald
4 heald frame
5 body
6 shuttle
7 winding roller

Claims (12)

An integrated flat preform part having one orthogonal bonding layer through which fibers in the thickness direction pass through the entire thickness of the preform; And
A separable flat plate preform portion in contact with the integrated flat plate preform portion and having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers through which fibers in a thickness direction penetrate a portion of the preform thickness;
A semi-structured profile beam preform comprising a,
The plurality of orthogonal binding layers of the separable flat plate preform part each include fibers in a first thickness direction extending from an uppermost end of one end of the plurality of orthogonal binding layers and fibers in a second thickness direction extending from a lowermost end,
One weft yarn is located between adjacent warp of the separate flat plate preform part,
Only the fibers in the first thickness direction of the orthogonal bonding layer located at the top of the separate flat plate preform part and the fibers in the second thickness direction of the orthogonal bonding layer located at the lowermost part penetrate the entire thickness of the preform of the integrated flat preform part, and the separate type Fibers in the remaining thickness direction of the flat plate preform part extend in parallel in the longitudinal direction from the integral flat preform part,
One weft yarn is located between adjacent warps of the integrated flat preform part,
The fiber in the two thickness directions penetrating the entire thickness of the preform in the integrated flat preform portion extends to alternately contact the top and bottom ends of the total thickness of the preform so that one row of weft yarns in the length direction can be bound in the thickness direction of the preform. Semi-structured profile beam preform made of.
The method of claim 1,
The semi-structured profile beam preform, characterized in that the penetration of the fibers in the thickness direction of the integrated flat preform portion is configured to start from one cross section in the thickness direction of the integral flat preform portion and end with the same surface.
The method of claim 1,
Semi-structured profile beam preform, characterized in that adjusting the ratio of the length of the integrated flat plate preform portion and the separate flat plate preform portion.
The method of claim 1,
The semi-structured profile beam preform, characterized in that when the separable flat preform portion is deployed, has an X-shaped shape.
The method of claim 1,
The semi-structured profile beam preform, characterized in that it has one type selected from the group consisting of a π-type, an I-type, and an H-type when the split-type flat preform is deployed.
The method of claim 1,
The semi-structured profile beam preform, characterized in that it has one type selected from the group consisting of a T-shape and a Y-shape when the separate flat plate preform is deployed.
It is a method of manufacturing the semi-structured profile beam preform of claim 1 by orthogonal bonding method,
Forming an integrated flat preform portion having one orthogonal bonding layer by allowing fibers in the thickness direction to pass through the entire thickness of the preform;
And forming a separable flat plate preform having a plurality of orthogonal bonding layers in contact with the integrated flat plate preform by allowing fibers in a thickness direction to penetrate a portion of the thickness of the preform.
The method of claim 7,
In the step of forming the integrated flat preform part, the penetration of fibers in the thickness direction of the integrated flat preform part starts from one end face of the integrated flat preform part in the thickness direction and ends on the same side. Manufacturing method.
The method of claim 7,
The method of manufacturing a semi-structured profile beam preform, characterized in that the separable flat preform part is formed in contact with one or both sides of the integrated flat preform part.
The method of claim 7, wherein the ratio of the length of the separate flat plate preform portion and the length of the integral flat plate preform portion is adjusted.
The method of claim 7, wherein when the fibers in the thickness direction pass through, the fibers in the thickness direction are inserted and penetrated so as to be spaced apart from the warp.
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