KR102177100B1 - Gelation method and cement composition and concrete composition using gelation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gelation method using attapulgite, and sedimentation inhibiting cement and concrete compositions using the same. More specifically, the present invention is to prevent sedimentation attributable to a specific gravity difference that occurs in a case where water is mixed and used with a material larger in density than the water. The gelation method for an object larger in density than water includes: a first step of producing a dispersion solution by dissolving 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant in 100 parts by weight of water; a second step of producing an aqueous solution by adding 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of attapulgite and a thickener to the dispersion solution; and a third step of producing a gelation liquid by agitating the aqueous solution with an agitator, and putting the object into the gelation liquid.

Description

Gelation method using attapulgite, and sedimentation inhibiting cement composition and concrete composition using the same {GELATION METHOD AND CEMENT COMPOSITION AND CONCRETE COMPOSITION USING GELATION METHOD}

The present invention relates to a gelling method using attapulgite and a sedimentation-inhibiting cement composition and a concrete composition using the same, and more particularly, to suppress sedimentation due to a difference in specific gravity that occurs when a substance having a higher density than water is mixed and used. will be.

If water and a material with a specific gravity higher than that of water are mixed and used, sedimentation may occur due to the difference in specific gravity. In particular, when a material having a specific gravity greater than water is cement, sedimentation occurs due to the difference in density between cement and water.

In order to suppress the sedimentation due to the difference in density, a thickener or the like has been used in the past, but it precipitates over time, causing a difference in density between the upper and lower layers, which ultimately causes stress, which may cause cracking (Stock equation ( Stock's equation). Due to this difference in density, a mixture of water and a material having a higher density than water is gelled in order to suppress the sedimentation of materials such as cement having a higher density than water.

Patent No. 10-1896416 (hereinafter, the prior art), which is a conventional technology, relates to a mortar composition for repairing concrete sections using a thixotropic agent and a concrete section repair and reinforcement construction method using the same, and if described in more detail, a thixotropic agent and starch-based thickening By using an active auxiliary to improve the adhesion strength by repeating warm and cooling, it is strongly adhered to the construction section and does not stick to the trowel when finishing with a finishing tool such as a trowel, thereby securing smoothness in the construction section and improving the economy and construction quality. I'm suggesting a way to do it.

When attapulgite is used as a thixotropic agent, it is very difficult to secure thixotropy by a dispersion method. In more detail, attapulgite is a mineral composed of silica, alumina, and magnesia, as one of the clays, and is defined by the chemical name macnesium aluminum silicate, and its chemical formula is (OH2)4(OH)2Mg5Si8O20ㅇ4H2O for X-ray analysis, etc. It can be confirmed by.

The size of attapulgite is rod-shaped, has a length of 1 to 2 micrometers, and a width of about 0.01 micrometers, but the size of the particles may vary depending on the mining method or manufacturing process. Attapulgite has excellent ability to form a gel even in a solution containing ions such as SO4-2, Cl-, and Ca+2, but the gel-forming ability is greatly governed by the method of dispersing the size of the particles.

In the prior art, when using commercially available attapulgite as a powder as a thixotropic agent, attapulgite in the form of a rod must form a lath-like shape, but at a low shear rate when dispersing, the aggregated attapulgite is completely dispersed. There was a problem that a higher amount of use than the actual required amount is required because it cannot be made.

The present invention was conceived to solve the above problem, and a gelation method using attapulgite capable of more effectively gelling an aqueous solution to suppress sedimentation when forming an aqueous solution (mixture) with water and a material having a higher density than water. It is for the purpose of providing.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gelation method using attapulgite in which bleeding is suppressed.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a sedimentation inhibiting cement composition in which sedimentation is suppressed.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete composition having low slump and good formability.

The present invention for the purpose of solving the above problems has the following configurations and features.

The gelling method using attapulgite is a method for gelling an object having a higher density than water, in which a first step of preparing a dispersion solution by dissolving 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant in 100 parts by weight of water, 0.1 attapulgite in the dispersion solution And a second step of preparing an aqueous solution by adding to 10 parts by weight and a thickener, and a third step of stirring the aqueous solution with a stirrer to prepare a gelling solution, and injecting the object into the galling solution.

In the second step, the thickener may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on a viscosity of 10000 cps.

The rotation speed of the stirrer may be 300 rpm or more and less than 3000 rpm.

In addition, the settling-inhibiting cement composition includes 100 parts by weight of water, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of attapulgite, and 70 to 150 parts by weight of cement.

In addition, the concrete composition includes a settling inhibiting cement composition.

The present invention having the above configuration and characteristics includes attapulgite and a dispersant, so that the intrinsic properties of the material do not change when mixing with water and an object having a higher density than water, and at the same time, gelation is more effectively performed to suppress sedimentation. It has the effect that can be done.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of suppressing bleeding by adding a thickener when mixing with water and an object having a higher density than water.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of economically performing gelation of the mixture because the rotational speed of the stirrer is 300 rpm or more and less than 3000 rpm when mixing with water and an object having a higher density than water.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of providing a cement composition capable of suppressing sedimentation, preventing an increase in thermal conductivity and maintaining compressive strength.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of providing a concrete composition with low slump and improved formability while suppressing sedimentation, suppressing increase in thermal conductivity and maintaining compressive strength.

1 is a schematic flowchart of a gelling method using attapulgite according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view for explaining a stirrer.

The present invention will be described in detail in the text of the bar, implementation (態樣, aspect) (or embodiment) that can apply various changes and can have various forms. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific form of disclosure, and it should be understood that all changes, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention are included.

The terms used in the present specification are only used to describe specific embodiments (sun, 態樣, aspect) (or examples), and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as ~include~ or ~consist~ are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or a combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It is to be understood that the presence or addition of elements or numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof, does not preclude in advance the possibility of being added.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms as defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and should not be interpreted as an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in this application. Does not.

The ~1~, ~2~, etc. described in the present specification will only be referred to to distinguish different constituent elements, and are not limited to the order of manufacture, and the names in the detailed description and claims of the invention It may not match.

1 is a schematic flowchart of a gelling method using attapulgite according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the gelling method using attapulgite according to an embodiment of the present invention will be referred to as'this method' for convenience of description.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present method (gelling method using attapulgite) includes a first step (S1) (dissolving the dispersant in Fig. 1), a second step (S2) (attapulgite and a thickener in Fig. 1). Addition of) and a third step (S3) (agitating and inputting the object in FIG. 1).

The present method relates to a method of gelling an object having a higher density than water. More specifically, when water and an object having a higher density than water are mixed, the object may settle due to the difference in density, causing many problems. Although it will be described in more detail in the following description, when the object contains cement as an example, the cement may settle, resulting in stress due to the difference in density between the upper and lower layers, which may cause cracking.

Accordingly, the mixture is gelled in order to impart viscoelasticity to the mixture to suppress the sedimentation of the target particles. As a gelling method, attapulgite is added to the mixture but dispersed by a stirrer (3) described later, and a small amount There is a chemical dispersion that evenly disperses the particles by changing the surface energy of attapulgite by using a dispersant (however, when chemical dispersion is made, the effect of forming a gel by the dispersant acting to change the surface energy may be reduced. ).

However, since attapulgite is pulverized and supplied in the form of powder, it is difficult to obtain a predetermined gelation when water is mixed and dispersed in the powder, so that a large amount of attapulgite must be used or the rotational speed of the stirrer 3 described later must be maintained at a high speed. Therefore, there was a problem with bad economics.

Therefore, the present method is to gel to suppress the sedimentation of the object in the mixture, but to gel more effectively to improve economic efficiency.

First, in the first step (S1) in this method, a dispersion solution is prepared by dissolving 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant in 100 parts by weight of water. Parts by weight of the ingredients (dispersants, attapulgite, thickeners, etc.) described below are based on 100 parts by weight of water. Here, the dispersant is preferably interpreted as a concept including a dispersant in a narrow sense as well as a surfactant in a broad sense.

In this way, by dissolving 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant in 100 parts by weight of water to prepare a dispersion solution, the attapulgite powder added in the second step (S2) and the third step (S3) described later can be easily separated from each other. Therefore, the amount of attapulgite added to gel the mixture can be reduced, and the stirring speed of the stirrer 3 can be reduced, thereby improving economic efficiency.

As the dust agent, all dispersants such as anions, nonionics, and cations can be used. As the dispersant (including the surfactant), amino sulfonic acid, acrylic polycarboxyl, nonylfanyl, and the like may be used.

In particular, when the object contains cement, the dispersant (surfactant) may preferably be anionic. Through this, since the dispersant is consumed by adsorption to the cement particles and is reduced below the limit micelle concentration (CMC), the reaction of the cement particles is not significantly affected.

If the dispersant is used in excess of 5 parts by weight, it may affect the behavior of the object (for example, an object including cement), and if it is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the dispersant adsorbs on the attapulgite surface and disperses it. A greater reduction in energy than the aggregation caused by charging of the fulgite does not occur, so dispersion may not occur.

It may be more preferable that 0.1 parts by weight of attapulgite is used.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the second step (S2), an aqueous solution is prepared by adding 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of attapulgite (gelling agent) and a thickener to the dispersion solution.

First, when the amount of attapulgite added to the dispersion solution is less than 0.1 parts by weight, sufficient gelation is difficult to occur, and when it exceeds 10 parts by weight, economical efficiency may be deteriorated. It may be more preferable that 2 parts by weight of attapulgite is added to the aqueous solution.

In this way, when the gelling process using attapulgite is used, complete sedimentation of the particles of the object (eg, an object including cement) can be prevented, and a gel viscosity that will be higher than when using cellulose as an auxiliary can be maintained. Therefore, there is an advantage in that the water dispersibility of inorganic substances having a higher specific gravity than water such as cement can be maintained more evenly.

As an exemplary thickener, polyethylene oxide, cellulose, starch ether, polyurethane thickener, and the like may be used. Any thickener may be used, but for gelation, the aqueous solution may be gelled only if it is used together with the attapulgite.

As described above, the use of a thickener has the advantage of suppressing bleeding occurring on the surface due to the sedimentation of particles of the object (eg, an object including cement). Therefore, it is possible to prevent cracking because stress imbalance can be suppressed by bleeding.

The amount of the thickener added depends on the molecular weight, but may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on a viscosity of 10000 cps, which is classified in general. When the thickener is used in an amount of less than 0.01 parts by weight, gelation is impossible, and when it is used in an amount exceeding 5 parts by weight, an aqueous solution cannot be prepared.

However, when the object contains cement, the viscosity of the thickener may vary depending on the pH change or ambient temperature due to the reaction of the cement, but does not significantly affect the gelation process.

2 is a view for explaining a stirrer.

1 and 2, in the third step (S3), an aqueous solution is stirred with a stirrer 3 to prepare a gelling liquid, and the object is added to the gelling liquid.

In the third step (S3), the aqueous solution of attapulgite is dispersed by the stirrer 3 and maintains fluidity when a shear force is applied. At this time, when the agitation is stopped, it gels within a few seconds and the viscosity changes rapidly, and when shearing force occurs again, fluidity occurs.

Therefore, the stirrer 3 is used to agitate a high-viscosity material, and may be a mixer, a mill, etc., and is provided radially from the shaft 31 and the shaft 31 rotating by a driving unit (not shown). It may include a blade 32 that rotates by 31. When the agitator (3) is a mixer, a forced type in which the shaft 31 with a blade (corresponding to the blade 32) rotates on a wide fan and a paddle (corresponding to the blade 32) is attached to the shaft 31. Drum mixers can be used. Such agitator 3 generally rotates at a speed of 45 to 60 rpm. However, when the aqueous solution does not contain a dispersant, it is difficult to disperse attapulgite through the stirrer 3 rotating at a speed of 45 to 60 rpm. Therefore, in order to disperse the attapulgite, the stirrer 3 must be rotated at a speed of 3000 rpm or higher, but there is a problem that the energy cost for driving the stirrer 3 is too high and economical efficiency is poor.

As described above, this method dissolves 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant in water in the first step (S1), and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of attapulgite is added in the second step (S2). Even if the rotation speed of 3) is significantly lowered, there is an advantage that the aqueous solution can be prepared as a gelling liquid.

Therefore, the rotation speed of the stirrer 3 may be 300 rpm or more and less than 3000 rpm. That is, even if the rotation speed of the stirrer 3 is lowered to less than 3000 rpm, gelation of a mixture (a object having a higher density than water and water) can be obtained, and energy consumption can be saved. At this time, when the stirring speed of the stirrer 3 is less than 300 rpm, the attapulgite is not dispersed, making it difficult to gel the mixture.

A preferable rotation speed of the stirrer 3 may be 300 to 2000 rpm, and a more preferable rotation speed of the stirrer 3 may be 450 to 1000 rpm.

The rotation speed of the stirrer 3 should be considered for compatibility with the dispersant, and the gelation rate may change depending on the amount of dispersant used.

As described above, the object is put into the gelling solution (the mixture can be stirred by the stirrer 3 after the object is put into the gelling solution), and the object can be stirred while stirring the aqueous solution, but the aqueous solution is added to the stirrer (3). After the gelation liquid is prepared by stirring by, the mixture can be gelled by using a minimum of each component (dispersant, attapulgite, etc.) when the object is added to the gelling liquid.

The object (eg cement) may be 70 to 150 parts by weight.

Referring to FIG. 1, when additives (additives for thickening, polymer additives for improving performance, etc.) are used in each step (the first step (S1), the second step (S2), and the third step (S3)), etc. It is desirable to be construed as falling within the scope of this method.

For example, if it is necessary to prevent entrainment of air bubbles due to a decrease in the surface tension of the mixture due to the properties of the dispersant, a small amount of an antifoaming agent or an antifoaming agent may be used. Any kind of antifoaming agent can be used.

As described above, the present method has an advantage of adding 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant to 100 parts by weight of water and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of attapulgite to the dispersion solution to obtain gelation of the mixture even at a relatively low speed of the stirrer 3.

The gelled mixture produced by this method can be used in any product based on cement (if the object contains cement).

The settling-inhibiting cement composition (hereinafter, the present settling-inhibiting cement composition) includes 100 parts by weight of water, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of attapulgite, and 70 to 150 parts by weight of cement.

More specifically, the settling-inhibiting cement composition is prepared by the above-described method, and the object includes 70 to 150 parts by weight of cement. If the weight of the cement mixed with water is less than 70, the density is high and the thermal conductivity may increase, and if it exceeds 150, the compressive strength may deteriorate.

It may be desirable to use 100 parts by weight of cement.

The sedimentation inhibiting cement composition may be added with a thickener in the second step (S2) of the method described above, and similarly, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight may be used based on a viscosity of 10000 cps. It has been described above that bleeding is suppressed in the present settling-inhibiting cement composition by adding a thickener.

[Table 1]

Table 1 above shows a gelled mixture prepared by this method (the object is cement, Examples 1 and 2) and a mixture not prepared by the method (the object is cement, Comparative Examples 1 to Comparative Examples 3) shows the shape and physical properties (flow value, compressive strength, density after drying). In Table 1, the gelling agent means attapulgite.

Here, the flow value is 5 cm in inner diameter and 5 cm in height on a wide plastic plate, and each mixture (Comparative Examples 1 to 3, Examples 1 and 2) was inserted into the cylindrical mold with open top and bottom surfaces. When the cylindrical mold was lifted, the diameter of each mixture was measured in the area on the wide plastic plate (as the spreading area, exemplarily the area viewed from the top).

Referring to Table 1, when water and cement particles are separated (Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in which gelation is not well formed), the area is spread in a thin form of about 30 cm and shows a random shape rather than a circular shape, but gelation is well formed. Cases (Examples 1 and 2) The mixture exhibited a circular shape because separation by gelation was suppressed and the flow value was reduced, and the thickness was formed relatively thick, so that the flow value decreased compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 3 It can be confirmed.

In addition, in the case of Comparative Examples (Comparative Examples 1 to 3) in Table 1, the density after drying was measured to be 1.0 g/cm^3 or more by sedimentation, whereas in Table 1 of the Examples (Example 1 and Example 2) Cases were measured as 0.52 g/cm^3 and 0.53 g/cm^3, respectively.

In Table 1, in the case of the comparative example, malt was not formed due to the escape of water, but in the case of the Example, it can be confirmed that 0.35 MPa, 0.57 MPa, 0.93 MPa and 0.33 MPa, 0.59 MPa, and 10.2 MPa were respectively. have.

The concrete composition (hereinafter, the present concrete composition) includes the present settling-inhibiting cement composition prepared by the method described above, and includes the present settling-inhibiting cement composition, aggregate, and sand.

As such, the concrete composition containing the sedimentation inhibiting cement composition has the advantage of low slump and excellent moldability (in the case of the mortar containing the sedimentation inhibiting cement composition and sand, flow is prevented when applied to a wall. There is an advantage).

Likewise, the concrete composition may be added with a thickener in the second step (S2) of the method described above, and similarly, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight may be used based on a viscosity of 10000 cps. It has been described above that bleeding is suppressed in the present concrete composition by adding a thickener.

The present concrete composition including the sedimentation inhibiting cement composition may be a foamed concrete composition (hereinafter, the present foamed concrete composition). The foamed concrete composition contains 70 to 150 parts by weight of cement. If the weight of the cement mixed with water is less than 70, it is easy to lose its function as a foamed concrete and the heat conductivity may be high due to its high density, and if it exceeds 150, the compressive strength may deteriorate.

In this foamed concrete composition, a lightweight polymer powder such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) can be used as a substitute for the foam, and the amount of these can be selected as a volume that can replace the foam.

The foamed concrete composition may contain 1 to 5 parts by weight of expanded polystyrene. At this time, if the foamed polystyrene is less than 1 part by weight, the polymer replacement effect is small due to the large number of bubbles, and if it exceeds 5 parts by weight, mixing becomes very difficult.

As described above, the foamed concrete composition comprising the present sedimentation-inhibiting cement composition prepared by the present method has the advantage of improving thermal insulation and sound insulation properties by suppressing the rise of bubbles or settlement due to the descending of the cement.

[Table 2]

Table 2 above shows the foamed concrete composition (Examples 1 and 2) containing the sedimentation-inhibiting cement composition prepared by the present method and the foamed concrete composition containing the cement composition not prepared by the present method (Comparative Example It shows the physical properties of 1).

Referring to Table 2, the height change test is the height change of the cured composition after 3 days of putting each composition (Comparative Example 1, Example 1, Example 2) in a compressive strength mold for concrete having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm. Was observed. In Comparative Example 1 in which attapulgite (gelling agent) was not used, it could be seen that the rise of EPS (styrofoam crushed material) was measured to be about 2 cm, so that the interior was poorly filled or internal voids were large, but attapulgite (gelling agent) In the examples (Examples 1 and 2) using), no rise or settling of EPS (Styrofoam crushed material) occurred in the height change test.

In addition, the compressive strength was also delayed to the extent that it was impossible to measure the strength for 3 days in the case of the comparative example, but in the case of the example, it was measured as 0.92 MPa and 1.2 MPa, so that the curing speed was much faster, so that the subsequent process can proceed very smoothly.

In addition, the thermal conductivity was also measured to be 0.08 W, which is lower than the reference value of 0.13 W.

On the other hand, the present concrete composition prepared by the present method, but including the present sedimentation inhibiting cement composition in which the object is 70 to 150 parts by weight of cement, the cement is an ultrafast cement, and may further include 3 parts by weight of a functional additive. This functional additive is self-granulated between ultra-fast-hard cement and aggregate to improve structural stability and provide waterproofing, especially for alkali aggregate reactions or deterioration due to snow removal agent brine.

These functional additives are characterized by including 20 parts by weight of silicate, 20 parts by weight of alkyl silicate, and 10 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl acrylate, based on 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin emulsion.

Silicone resin emulsion It is a composition that exhibits strong water repellency between cement particles and blocks water absorbed into concrete as well as rejects it and completely blocks it from concrete deterioration sources.

For each composition, the silicone resin emulsion is preferably an octayl adduct having a high water repellency, and the average particle diameter of the amenjeon is 15 to 30 nm. Compositions constituting the following functional additives are determined based on 100 parts by weight of the silicone resin emulsion.

In addition, silicate is used for filling the capillaries existing inside the concrete, and is added to give the function of protecting the absorption of concrete by acting and hardening the capillary tube generated after the formation of concrete, and they are adopted because of their good affinity with silicone resin and cement. Became. The smaller the particle diameter of the silicate, the better the internal filling effect and the average particle diameter of 10 to 100 nm is preferably used, and the amount of the silicate is preferably 20 parts by weight, which showed optimum heat conduction efficiency as a result of repeated experiments.

In addition, alkyl silicate is a kind of crosslinking agent used for connection between silicone resin emulsion and silicate, and has a function of continuously maintaining the water absorption of silicate. As a result of repeated experiments, it was confirmed that the optimum crosslinking effect was exhibited when 20 parts by weight were included.

The moisture barrier material may be stabilized by first mixing a silicate and an alkyl silicate in a silicone resin emulsion and then adding 40 parts by weight of a hydroxyethyl acrylate polymer. Hydroxyethyl acrylate acts as a kind of protective colloid, and according to experiments, 10 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl acrylate is expected to obtain satisfactory results. The specific content of the manufacturing process is to follow the known technology and the general common sense of a person skilled in the art.

The present invention described above with reference to the accompanying drawings can be variously modified and changed by a person skilled in the art, and such modifications and changes should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Agitator: 3 axis: 31
Wings: 32

Claims (6)

In the method of gelling an object having a higher density than water,
A first step of preparing a dispersion solution by dissolving 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a dispersant in 100 parts by weight of water;
A second step of adding the attapulgite from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the thickening agents being used in conjunction with the attapulgite to the dispersion solution to prepare an aqueous solution;
A third step of the aqueous solution was stirred by a stirrer to prepare a gel mixture, and added to the object in the gel hwaaek;
Gelling method using attapulgite, characterized in that it comprises a.
The method according to claim 1,
In the second step, the gelation method using attapulgite, characterized in that 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of the thickener is used based on a viscosity of 10000 cps.
The method according to claim 1,
Gelling method using attapulgite, characterized in that the rotation speed of the stirrer is 300 rpm or more and less than 3000 rpm.
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