KR102153478B1 - System for onboard treatment of ocean waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an on-board marine waste treatment system. The on-board marine waste treatment system comprises: a lifting unit for lifting marine waste to a ship; a cutting unit for cutting marine waste into a predetermined length; a desalting unit for removing salt and moisture from marine waste; an extrusion molding unit for producing solid fuel by extrusion molding desalted and dehydrated marine waste; a gasification combustion unit disposed on the ship to induce complete combustion by gasifying solid fuel; a power generation unit that generates electric power as a heat source to the gasification combustion unit; and a solid fuel storage chamber for storing solid fuel. In addition, the present invention may further include a seawater desalination unit (100).

Description

System for onboard treatment of ocean waste}

The present invention relates to a system for on-board treatment of marine waste.

Marine waste is destroying the coastal environment and marine ecosystem due to the increase in the discharge of various kinds of garbage due to the expansion of industrial complexes in the coastal waters and urbanization, and causes problems such as marine safety. In general, some of the marine waste is collected and disposed of by landfill and/or incineration, but most of the marine waste is floating on the sea or left in a state of deposition on the sea floor.

In addition, since the marine waste incineration treatment facility is generally installed on land away from the marine waste collection site, considerable treatment time and transportation costs are required for the treatment of marine waste.

Accordingly, Patent Document 1 proposes a waste incineration vessel configured to incinerate waste on board by installing an incinerator facility on a powered or non-powered ship. However, unlike general waste, marine waste contains salt, and if it is not removed, considerations such as generation of chlorine gas and corrosion of incinerator facilities due to salt must be considered.

Republic of Korea Public Utility Model Publication No. 20-1999-012686

The present invention was created to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an onboard treatment system capable of collectively processing marine waste in a self-sufficient manner in a ship.

In order to achieve the above object, a system for treating marine waste on board according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a lifting unit for lifting marine waste to a ship; A cutting unit for cutting marine waste into a predetermined length; A desalination unit for removing salt and moisture from marine waste; Extrusion molding unit for producing solid fuel by extrusion molding desalted and dehydrated marine waste; A gasification combustion unit disposed on a ship to induce complete combustion by gasifying solid fuel; A power generation unit that generates electric power as a heat source to the gasification combustion unit; And a solid fuel storage chamber for storing solid fuel.

Preferably, the present invention may further comprise a seawater desalination unit.

The cutting unit may be provided with a long cutter capable of reliably cutting not only long items such as waste fishing nets and ropes, but also soft material marine waste.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the desalination unit may include a washing unit to remove salt and a drying unit to remove moisture.

The extrusion molding unit includes a transfer conveyor for guiding desalted and dehydrated marine waste downstream from the desalting unit; An extrusion chamber for extruding desalted and dehydrated marine waste; Rolling molding machine for winding the extruded marine waste into a roll shape; And a baling machine disposed at the rear end of the rolling forming machine and wrapping the outer circumferential surface of the solid fuel molded in a rolling form with a bale.

In particular, the present invention includes a gasification combustion unit for realizing complete combustion of solid fuel formed from marine waste, wherein the gasification combustion unit comprises a gasifier for gasifying the solid fuel to generate syngas; With a burner that heats the syngas under a high temperature environment; A combustion furnace for completely burning syngas as a heat source for the burner; A steam boiler that supplies high-temperature/high-pressure steam to the power generation unit using the combustion heat of the combustion furnace; And a rapid cooling tower for cooling exhaust gas to be discharged from the combustion furnace.

Additionally, the gasification combustion unit may further include a soft water tank for storing soft water to be supplied to the steam boiler, and a process water tank for storing fresh water to be supplied to the gasifier and the quenching tower.

The present invention may further include a by-product melting unit for processing a by-product of solid fuel to be generated in the combustion process of the gasification combustion unit into slag.

Features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be interpreted in a conventional and dictionary meaning, and the inventor may appropriately define the concept of the term in order to describe his or her invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that there is.

According to the above description of the present invention, the present invention provides a shipboard treatment system capable of completely removing environmentally hazardous substances in a high temperature atmosphere by converting marine waste into solid fuel.

In particular, the present invention is configured so that marine waste can be recycled/resourced by batch processing of marine waste while moving at sea or at anchor. In addition, the present invention is designed to be self-sufficient in water and power by recovering waste heat generated in the combustion process, thereby helping to operate a ship for a long time.

The present invention has the advantage of being able to treat marine waste over a long period of time while residing in the offshore as well as offshore, environmentally friendly and independently self-sufficient in the field.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system for on-board treatment of marine waste according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an extrusion unit applied to a system for treating marine waste on board according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a plan view schematically showing a gasification combustion unit applied to the onboard treatment system of marine waste according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a side view schematically showing the gasification combustion unit shown in FIG. 3.
5 is a block diagram of a system for on-board treatment of marine waste according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to elements of each drawing in the present specification, it should be noted that, even though they are indicated on different drawings, only the same elements are to have the same number as possible. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In this specification, terms such as first and second are used to distinguish one component from other components, and the component is not limited by the terms. In the accompanying drawings, some components are exaggerated, omitted, or schematically illustrated, and the size of each component does not entirely reflect the actual size.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention goes beyond the concept of simply disposing of marine waste through collection, pretreatment, incineration, power generation, etc., directly from a powered or non-powered ship, to a shipboard treatment system that is designed to be self-sufficient for a long time and independently batch-process. About. In addition, the present invention is configured to enable seawater desalination.

In addition, the present invention can be sufficiently installed not only on ships or ships with self-navigation capability, but also on barges without self-navigation capability.

1 to 5, the onboard treatment system of marine waste according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, onboard treatment system) includes a lifting unit 10, a cutting unit 20, a desalination unit 30, It consists of an extrusion molding unit 40, a gasification combustion unit 50, a power generation unit 60, a solid fuel storage chamber 70, a by-product storage chamber 80, and a by-product melting unit 90. In addition, the present invention includes a seawater desalination unit 100 and a freshwater storage chamber 110 for storing fresh water purified by the seawater desalination unit 100.

In an embodiment of the present invention, marine waste collected at sea may be picked up and collected by a ship through a lifting unit 10 arranged on the ship, for example, a lifting crane. The lifting unit 10 grasps marine waste at sea or on land and transfers it to a ship.

As shown, in the present invention, by arranging one or more lifting units 10 at the fore and stern of the ship, marine waste may be mounted on the ship at various points.

The present invention includes a cutting unit 20 for cutting marine wastes lifted on board a ship with the lifting unit 10 to a predetermined length. The cutting unit 20 cuts marine waste in the form of long items such as waste fishing nets and ropes into a predetermined length as described above to enable easy transport to the downstream equipment, and without a separate sorting process. It can improve the efficiency of physical and chemical treatment processes. Preferably, the cutting unit 20 may have a cutter capable of cutting even marine waste of a soft material.

As is widely known, marine waste has a high salinity and moisture content due to brine. Accordingly, the present invention includes a desalination unit 30 capable of removing salt and moisture from marine waste.

Specifically, the desalination unit 30 includes a washing unit 30a for removing salt contained in marine waste cut to a predetermined length by the cutting unit 20, and a drying unit 30b for dewatering the marine waste from which the salt has been removed. ). Salt contained in marine waste may corrode each component in the onboard treatment system of the present invention, and may cause problems such as cracking of solid fuel and generation of chlorine gas after extrusion molding. Accordingly, the present invention supplies fresh water purified by the seawater desalination unit 100 to be described later to the washing unit 30a to remove salt contained in marine waste as fresh water. The washing unit may perform a desalination process by spraying fresh water onto the marine waste or sedimenting the marine waste into the stored fresh water, and the desalination process is not limited thereto. The high water content marine waste from which the salt has been removed is forcibly guided and transported into the tunnel-type drying unit 30b through a conveyor. While passing through the drying unit, moisture is reliably removed from the marine waste by using a dehydration method such as heating or drying. Can be removed. If marine waste with a high water content rate is directly introduced into the gasification combustion unit 50, considerable energy will inevitably be consumed for drying the marine waste during the combustion process. Optionally, the drying unit 30b may use waste heat in the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere through the stack of the gasification combustion unit 50 as a heat source.

In the present invention, the desalted and dehydrated marine waste is extruded with an extrusion unit 40 to provide convenience in transportation and/or storage, and the desalted and dehydrated marine waste through the extrusion molding process of the extrusion unit 40 By making waste into fuel, for example, by producing solid fuel, it is introduced into the combustion furnace 50d of the gasification combustion unit 50, thereby improving the incineration efficiency of marine waste and improving the utility as an alternative fuel for fossil fuel in the ship. have.

90% of the total volume of marine waste floating on the sea level is made of a product made of plastic material, and as widely known to those skilled in the art, such marine waste can be cut and bonded to fuel in the form of solid fuel.

The extrusion molding unit 40 may be disposed in the solid fuel storage chamber 70 in which a portion of the hull is partitioned in order to minimize the chance of moisture contact with the dried marine waste. The extrusion molding unit is a transfer conveyor 40a that helps inflow of desalted and dehydrated marine waste while passing through the desalination unit 30, and desalted and dehydrated marine waste interposed between the transfer conveyor 40a and the extrusion chamber 40c. The transfer conveyor feeder (40b) to guide the material to the extrusion chamber, the extrusion chamber (40c) to extrude desalted and dehydrated marine waste to reduce the solution, and the extruded marine waste into a roll form. It is equipped with a rolling molding machine 40d to take. Here, the extrusion chamber can be operated pneumatically, preferably hydraulically. In addition, the extrusion molding unit 40 includes a baling machine 40e at the rear end of the rolling molding machine 40d and wraps the outer circumferential surface of the rolled solid fuel with a bale so that it can be continuously maintained in a rolling state. Marine waste can be reduced in volume to about 1/2 to 1/3 by extrusion of the extrusion unit 40. Optionally, the bale may be made of a combustible material to improve the combustion efficiency of solid fuel.

The desalted and dewatered marine waste to be used as a material for solid fuel may be extrusion-molded in the extrusion unit 40, and the marine waste may be cut before the extrusion process by a cutting unit 20 equipped with a cutter.

The solid fuel is stored and stored in the solid fuel storage chamber 70 in the ship, and may be supplied to the gasification combustion unit 50 disposed on the ship by means of a lift (not shown).

The onboard treatment system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention converts marine waste into solid fuel in the hull and gasifies and burns it in a high-temperature atmosphere to completely remove environmentally hazardous substances and at the same time generate steam to generate gasification and combustion. The unit 50 is provided, and as shown, the gasification combustion unit is arranged on board for smooth discharge of exhaust gas and the like and for smooth supply of air required during combustion. Republic of Korea Registration Nos. 10-1788165 and 10-1924345, which are incorporated by reference in the specification of the present invention, discloses a gasification combustion apparatus configured to convert waste into synthetic gas and allow complete combustion in a combustion furnace.

The gasification combustion unit 50 includes a gasification furnace 50a that receives the solid fuel guided from the extrusion molding unit 40 or the solid fuel storage chamber 70 through an inlet 50b and gasifies to generate syngas; The gasification furnace and the combustion furnace control the internal set temperature of the combustion furnace so that the combustion furnace 50d disposed downstream can be driven under a high-temperature atmosphere, and guide the syngas generated in the gasification furnace 50a to the combustion furnace. A burner furnace 50c disposed between; A combustion furnace 50d in which the syngas is mixed with the combustion air supplied from the combustion furnace press-in fan 50d' using a heat source to the burner to combust; A steam boiler 50e disposed downstream of the combustion furnace, recovering combustion heat generated in the combustion furnace 50d, heating water to steam, and supplying high temperature/high pressure steam to the power generation unit 60; A rapid cooling tower 50f for cooling exhaust gas; And the like. Moreover, the exhaust gas subjected to the rapid cooling process may be guided to the bag filter 50g and the stack 50i by driving the manned fan 50h and discharged into the atmosphere.

Optionally, the present invention may arrange a process water tank 50k for storing fresh water generated by the seawater desalination unit 100 to be described later in the gasification combustion unit 50. The process water tank 50k may be supplied to the gasifier 50a and/or the quenching tower 50f for water cooling. In addition, the present invention arranges the soft water tank 50j in the gasification combustion unit 50. The soft water stored in the softening tank 50j may be supplied to the steam boiler 50e, and the formation of scale in the pipe piped between the steam boiler and the steam turbine may be suppressed. The soft water may be supplied to the shipboard treatment system according to the present invention by modifying the fresh water generated by the seawater desalination unit 100 by means of the soft water maker 50n.

Further, the gasification combustion unit 50 includes a fuel tank 50m to be used in the combustion process, such as a gasifier 50a, a burner furnace 50c, a combustion furnace 40d, and the like.

Specifically, the gasifier 50a pyrolyzes solid fuel composed of marine waste to generate and discharge syngas and incineration ash (by-products), and the syngas is downstream through the air supplied from the gasifier press-in fan 50a'. It is forcibly guided toward the burner furnace 50c disposed in the. As shown, the gasification combustion unit 50 may include one or more gasifiers 50a, and solid fuels may be charged into each gasifier by the input device 50b in a batch injection method. Since the gasifier 50a does not have a separate driving means to help the movement of solid fuel therein, the internal configuration of the gasifier can be simplified, and this does not affect the fall of by-products after incineration. As described above, since the internal configuration of the gasifier is very simplified, it may fall to the bottom of the gasifier even if cans and bottles of non-combustible materials contained in marine waste are included. After gasification, by-products (ash) are accumulated at the bottom of the gasifier 50a, are collected in the by-product storage tank 50p disposed below the gasifier, and then guided to the by-product storage chamber 80.

The burner furnace 50c may be integrally formed with the combustion furnace 50d to activate combustion in a high-temperature combustion furnace, and is in fluid communication with the combustion furnace press-fit fan 50d' to provide combustion air and synthetic gas. May be mixed and supplied to the combustion furnace.

Optionally, the gasification combustion unit 50 creates a high-temperature environment so as to be completely combustible within the combustion furnace 50d, which waste heat is supplied to the by-product melting unit 90 and is recyclable as a heat source. The gasification combustion unit can completely burn marine waste to suppress the emission of harmful gases such as unburned dust, carbon monoxide, dioxins, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides.

For reference, in the gasification combustion unit 50 schematically illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 4, piping between each constituent member is omitted to aid understanding of the present invention, and the steam boiler 50e is omitted in FIG. 4. It should be noted in advance that the position of each component can also be changed.

The onboard treatment system of the present invention may phase-convert water (soft water) into high-pressure steam in the steam boiler 50e through a heat source generated during the combustion process of the gasification combustion unit 50. The power generation unit 60 may generate power by rotating a steam turbine with steam pressure generated from the steam boiler 50e to obtain power and driving a generator connected by a shaft.

Preferably, the present invention uses the electricity produced in the power generation unit 60 as a power source of the gasification combustion unit, and also can operate the seawater desalination unit 100, and the remaining power may be stored through a capacitor.

As described above, the present invention can store and store a small amount of by-products generated after the combustion process of the gasification combustion unit 50 configured to collectively process marine waste made of solid fuel in the by-product storage chamber 80. In addition, according to the present invention, by-products are melted at a high temperature through the by-products melting unit 90 to be modified into inorganic slag and reduced in volume to be easily stored. The by-product melting unit 90 may melt the by-product by heating it to 1,350 to 1,500° C., preferably 1,400° C. or higher, and then discharge it in the form of a recyclable solid.

As described above, the present invention is configured to be continuously supplied by purifying seawater into fresh water through a water treatment device of the seawater desalination unit 100. Fresh water purified by the seawater desalination unit 100 may be supplied to the freshwater storage chamber 110 and stored therein, and the freshwater storage chamber 110 may be disposed at the bow and the stern respectively to maintain the balance of the ship. Fresh water in the freshwater storage chamber 110 may be supplied to the washing unit 30a of the desalination unit 30, the process water tank 50k of the gasification combustion unit 50, and the like, and may be used as living water.

In particular, the onboard treatment system for marine waste according to the present invention is configured to batch-process marine waste while moving at sea or at anchor by arranging a plurality of the above-described constituent members on board and/or inside the hull. have. In addition, the present invention can provide fresh water with electric power produced through gasification combustion of marine waste in a ship, as a power source for each component member.

In particular, according to the present invention, it is possible to treat marine waste over a long period of time while residing in the offshore as well as in the offshore sea while being eco-friendly and independently self-sufficient in the field.

It is very inefficient to collect and dispose of marine waste that is floating like an island in a certain area of the five oceans, such as a garbage island, which has become a problem recently. In addition, gasification combustion has the advantage of significantly reducing the emission of pollutants compared to simple incineration.

The present invention not only applies gasification combustion to ships for the first time, but also proposes a method of solving various problems that must be overcome in ship application of gasification combustion.

Although the present invention has been described in detail through examples, this is for describing the present invention in detail, and the onboard treatment system for marine waste according to the present invention is not limited thereto, and within the technical scope of the present invention, It would be clear that the transformation or improvement is possible by those who have the knowledge of.

All simple modifications or changes of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention, and the specific scope of protection of the present invention will be made clear by the appended claims.

10 ----- lifting unit,
20 ----- cutting unit,
30 ----- desalting unit,
40-----extrusion molding unit,
50 ----- gasification combustion unit,
60 ----- power generation unit,
70 ----- solid fuel storage chamber,
80 ----- by-product storage chamber,
90 ----- by-product melting unit,
100 ----- Seawater desalination unit.

Claims (8)

As a shipboard treatment system for marine waste floating on the sea level,
A lifting unit 10 for lifting marine waste into a ship;
A cutting unit 20 for cutting the marine waste into a predetermined length;
A desalting unit 30 for removing salt and moisture from the marine waste;
An extrusion molding unit 40 for producing solid fuel by extrusion molding the desalted and dehydrated marine waste;
A gasification combustion unit 50 disposed on a ship to induce complete combustion by gasifying the solid fuel;
A power generation unit 60 for generating electric power as a heat source by the gasification combustion unit 50; And
Includes; a solid fuel storage chamber 70 for storing the solid fuel,
The cutting unit 20 includes a cutter capable of cutting marine waste in the form of a long material to a predetermined length and cutting marine waste of a soft material,
The extrusion molding unit 40,
An extrusion chamber 40c for extruding marine waste;
A rolling molding machine (40d) for winding the extruded marine waste into a roll shape; And
Includes; a baling machine (40e) disposed at the rear end of the rolling forming machine (40d) and wrapping the outer peripheral surface of the marine waste wound in the form of a roll with a bale,
The gasification combustion unit 50,
A gasification furnace (50a) for gasifying the solid fuel to generate syngas;
A burner furnace 50c for heating the syngas under a high temperature environment; And
Including; a combustion furnace (50d) for completely burning the synthesis gas as a heat source of the burner furnace (50c),
The solid fuel is charged into the gasifier 50a in a batch input method,
A shipboard treatment system for marine waste, characterized in that it is treated without a sorting process.
The method according to claim 1,
Seawater desalination unit 100, further comprising a shipboard treatment system of marine waste.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The desalination unit 30 includes a washing unit 30a for removing salt and a drying unit 30b for removing moisture, on board a marine waste treatment system.
The method according to claim 1,
The extrusion molding unit 40,
A transfer conveyor (40a) for guiding the desalted and dehydrated marine waste downstream from the desalting unit; further comprising, a shipboard treatment system for marine waste.
The method according to claim 1,
The gasification combustion unit 50,
A steam boiler (50e) for supplying high-temperature/high-pressure steam to the power generation unit (60) using the combustion heat of the combustion furnace (50d); And
A rapid cooling tower (50f) for cooling the exhaust gas to be discharged from the combustion furnace (50d); further comprising, a shipboard treatment system of marine waste.
The method of claim 6,
The gasification combustion unit 50 includes a soft water tank 50j for storing soft water to be supplied to the steam boiler 50e, and process water for storing fresh water to be supplied to the gasifier 50a and the rapid cooling tower 50f. A system for onboard treatment of marine waste, further comprising a tank 50k.
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a by-product melting unit (90) for processing the by-product (ash) of the solid fuel to be generated in the combustion process of the gasification combustion unit (50) into slag, marine waste onboard treatment system.

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