KR102143121B1 - Processing apparatus for raw material and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a raw material processing apparatus and a method thereof, comprising: charging a raw material into a container; Processing the raw material; Measuring a flow rate of exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material; And a process of calculating the current internal volume (V _t ) of the container using the measured flue gas flow rate; including, and processing raw materials by adjusting and charging the loading amount of raw materials according to the internal volume of the container capable of processing raw materials It can improve efficiency and productivity.

Description

Raw material processing apparatus and method thereof TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a raw material processing apparatus and method thereof, and more particularly, a raw material processing device capable of improving the processing efficiency and productivity of raw materials by adjusting and charging the loading amount of raw materials according to the internal volume of a container capable of processing raw materials. And to the method.

In general, coke, which is used as a reducing agent in the operation of a blast furnace in a steel mill, is manufactured by charging coal into the carbonization chamber of a coke oven and then drying it at a temperature of about 1100°C or higher for 18 hours. The coke produced in this way can be used in blast furnace operation after being extruded in a carbonization chamber and then cooled in a separate fire extinguishing facility.

A raw material supply device for supplying coal is installed in the upper part of the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, and a plurality of, for example, four charging ports for charging coal discharged from the raw material supply device are installed on the upper surface of the carbonization chamber. .

When loading coal into the carbonization chamber, the loading amount of coal is a factor related to the reduction of consumed heat and improvement of coke productivity, and the higher the loading amount, the higher the productivity. However, when the charging amount is too large, a large amount of exhaust gas is generated from the coal during the drying process and the internal pressure of the carbonization chamber is increased, so that the refractory material constituting the carbonization chamber is damaged. Therefore, an appropriate amount of coal is charged to the internal volume of the carbonization chamber so as to secure a space in which the exhaust gas can move, for example, a distribution channel above the coal.

On the other hand, in the process of extruding coke using an extruder after coke production, the extruder or coke causes friction with the refractory material in the carbonization chamber, so that the refractory material in the carbonization chamber is worn, or when the door of the carbonization chamber is opened to extrude coke, As air flows into the carbonization chamber, the refractory material in the carbonization chamber is damaged due to thermal shock. In this way, when the refractory material in the carbonization chamber is worn or damaged, the refractory material in the carbonization chamber can be repaired by adding ceramic or the like to the refractory material in the carbonization chamber. For this reason, the internal volume of the carbonization chamber may increase or decrease.

However, when loading coal into the carbonization chamber, a certain amount of coal is charged into the carbonization chamber each time it is charged without taking into account the change in the contents of the carbonization chamber, and the proportion of the coal charged into the carbonization chamber in the carbonization chamber, in other words, It is difficult to keep the charge level of coal constant. Accordingly, when the loading level of coal is reduced, the coke oven may be damaged due to local overheating during drying, and the production amount may also be reduced. On the other hand, when the loading level of coal is increased, there is a problem that the quality of coke is deteriorated because the coal is not properly dried due to insufficient heat. In addition, as the loading level of coal increases, the height of the channel is relatively lowered and the flow rate of the coke oven gas increases, and as a result, coal with a relatively small particle size is mixed into the coke oven gas, thereby deteriorating the quality of the coke oven gas. There is a problem.

JP 4173952 B

The present invention provides a raw material processing apparatus and method capable of adjusting the loading amount of raw materials according to changes in the contents of a container for processing raw materials.

The present invention provides a raw material processing apparatus and method capable of improving process efficiency and product quality.

A raw material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a container providing a space for processing raw materials; A raw material supply unit for loading raw materials into the container; A measuring device capable of measuring the flow rate of exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material; And a control unit capable of calculating the current internal volume of the container according to the measured flow rate of the exhaust gas.

An outlet for discharging exhaust gas is formed at one side of the container, and includes a discharge pipe connected to the discharge port, and the measuring device may be installed at at least one of the discharge port and the discharge pipe.

The control unit may include: a storage unit capable of storing information on the initial or previous contents of the container; The current internal volume of the container is calculated using the flow rate of the exhaust gas measured by the measuring device and the current loading amount of the raw material charged into the container, and the initial or previous volume of the container is compared with the current volume of the container. An operation unit capable of calculating the amount of change in the contents of the container; A determination unit that determines a next loading amount of raw materials to be charged into the container in a next process by using the amount of change in the contents of the container; And a control unit capable of controlling the raw material supply unit to charge the raw material into the container at the next charging amount.

The determination unit may further include an output unit configured to determine whether to be repaired by determining the state of the container by using the amount of change in the contents of the container, and to display a result determined by the determination unit.

The container may include a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, and the discharge pipe may include a riser.

A raw material processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: charging a raw material into a container; Processing the raw material; Measuring a flow rate of exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material; And calculating the current internal volume (V _t ) of the container by using the measured flow rate of the exhaust gas.

Before the process of charging the raw material, the process of preparing information on the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) of the container; Calculating the current loading amount (IP) of the raw material to be charged into the container based on the initial inner volume (V ₀ ) of the container; And calculating the volume (VA _t ) occupied by the raw material in the container when the raw material is charged in the container at the current loading amount (IP).

The process of measuring the flow rate of the exhaust gas may include continuously measuring the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the container to the outside of the container in the entire section of processing the raw material; It may include; the process of determining the representative flow rate (F) from the measured flow rate of the exhaust gas.

The process of calculating the current internal volume (V _t ) of the container may include calculating the height (hB _t ) of a distribution path formed on the upper portion of the raw material in the container by using the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas; Calculating the volume (VB _t ) occupied by the distribution channel in the container by using the height (hB _t ) of the distribution channel and the inner length (L ₀ ) and width (W ₀ ) of the container; And a process of calculating a sum of the volume occupied by the raw material (VA _t ) and the volume occupied by the distribution channel (VB _t ) as the current inner volume (V _t ) of the container.

The process of determining the representative flow rate F of the exhaust gas may include determining an average value of the measured flow rate as the representative flow rate F of the exhaust gas.

The process of determining the representative flow rate F of the exhaust gas may include a process of determining a maximum value among the measured flow rates as the representative flow rate F of the exhaust gas.

The process of determining the representative flow rate F of the exhaust gas may include a process of determining an average value of the flow rates measured in some sections of processing the raw material as the representative flow rate F of the exhaust gas.

The process of determining the average value of the flow rate measured in some sections of processing the raw material as the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas is the flow rate measured in the 20 to 80% section after starting to process the raw material in the entire section of processing the raw material. It may include a process of determining the average value as the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas.

The process of calculating the height of the channel (hB _t ) may be performed using the following equation.

Equation)

(F: representative flow rate, C1: 1.6 to 2.5, C2: 0.3 to 1.0)

After the process of calculating the current internal volume (V _t) of the vessel, the current internal volume (V _t) and the internal volume change amount of the first difference value between the internal volume (V ₀₎ of the container vessel of the container (ΔV) The process of calculating; And a process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material to be charged into the container in the next process by using the change in the internal volume (ΔV) of the container.

The process of determining the next charging amount IA of the raw material may include a process of determining the current charging amount IP as the next charging amount IA if the internal change amount ΔV of the container is 0.

The process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material is to calculate a reduction amount (M1) corresponding to the content change amount (ΔV) of the container when the content change amount (ΔV) of the container is less than 0, and the It may include a process of determining a value obtained by subtracting the reduction amount M1 from the current charging amount IP as the next charging amount IA.

In the process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material, when the content of the container is greater than 0 and less than 0% and less than 5% with respect to the initial volume (V ₀ ), the content of the container It may include a process of calculating an additional charging amount M2 corresponding to the enemy change amount ΔV, and determining the sum of the additional charging amount M2 and the current charging amount IP as the next charging amount IA.

In the process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material, if the volume change (ΔV) of the container exceeds 5% with respect to the initial volume (V ₀ ), it is determined that the container needs to be repaired. Instead of determining the next charging amount (IA) to be charged into the container, it is decided to repair the container, and it may include a process of informing the operator of the time of repair.

The process of measuring the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the process of calculating the current inner volume of the container using the measured flow rate of the exhaust gas may be repeatedly performed each time the process of processing the raw material is performed.

A process of repeatedly performing the process of processing the raw material at least two times, and preparing information on a previous internal volume (V _t-1 ) of the container before the process of charging the raw material; Calculating the current loading amount (IP) of the raw material to be charged into the container based on the previous inner volume (V _t-1 ) of the container; And calculating the volume (VA _t ) occupied by the raw material in the container when the raw material is charged in the container at the current loading amount (IP).

Internal volume change amount of the difference value of the current internal volume (V _t) and the previous internal volume (V _t-1) of the vessel of the subsequent step of calculating the current internal volume (V _t) of said container, said container vessel ( ΔV) calculation process; And a process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material to be charged into the container in the next process using the change in the contents of the container (ΔV).

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when producing coke, an appropriate amount of coal can be charged into the carbonization chamber for each process, thereby improving the quality and productivity of coke. That is, the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the carbonization chamber in the process of producing coke by drying coal may be measured, and the amount of change in the internal volume of the carbonization chamber may be measured using the measured flow rate of the exhaust gas. Therefore, an appropriate amount of coal can be charged into the carbonization chamber by reflecting the change in the contents of the carbonization chamber, thereby minimizing variations in coke quality and improving the quality of by-products such as coke oven gas generated in the process of manufacturing coke. . In addition, since it is possible to check the internal state of the carbonization chamber without stopping the operation, it is possible to prevent a decrease in process efficiency or productivity due to operation interruption, and reduce energy costs consumed for the next process.

In addition, since the internal state of the carbonization chamber can be indirectly checked and the carbonization chamber can be repaired at an appropriate time, the life of the carbonization chamber can be improved.

1 is a schematic view showing a general coke oven equipment.
2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a carbonization chamber of a coke oven facility.
3 is a diagram for explaining a change in the contents of a carbonization chamber.
4 is a block diagram conceptually showing a raw material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a flow chart showing a raw material processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a flow chart showing a process of calculating the current contents of a container in a raw material processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a flowchart illustrating a process of calculating a next loading amount of a raw material to be used in a next process in a raw material processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a graph showing a change in the flow rate of flue gas over time during the production of coke.
9 is a graph showing a correlation between a flow rate according to a coke oven operation rate and a height of a channel.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in a variety of different forms, and only these embodiments make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and the scope of the invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is provided to be fully informed.

In the raw material processing apparatus and method according to the present invention, the flow rate of the exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material is measured, the amount of change in the contents of the container is calculated through this, and then the loading amount of the raw material is calculated according to the amount of change in the contents of the container. By appropriately controlling, the processing efficiency and productivity of raw materials can be improved.

In the embodiment described below, the amount of change in the internal volume of the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is calculated by measuring the flow rate of the exhaust gas generated in the process of manufacturing coke, for example, the coke oven gas, and the amount of change in the internal volume of the carbonization chamber is calculated in the carbonization chamber. How to control the amount of coal charged will be explained. Here, the raw material processing device may include a coke oven facility, the container may include a carbonization chamber of the coke oven, and the raw material may include coal, which is a main raw material of coke. In addition, the exhaust gas may include coke oven gas generated in the process of manufacturing coke.

1 is a view schematically showing a general coke oven facility, FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a structure of a carbonization chamber of a coke oven facility, and FIG. 3 is a view for explaining changes in the contents of the carbonization chamber.

Referring to FIG. 1, the coke oven facility includes a carbonization chamber 100 providing a space for carbonizing coal, and a carbonization chamber 100 provided above the carbonization chamber 100 so that coal can be charged into the carbonization chamber 100. Includes a raw material supply unit 200, an extruder 300 provided on one side of the carbonization chamber 100 to extrude red-hot coke, and a leveler 400 for flattening the raw materials charged into the carbonization chamber 100 can do.

A plurality of charging ports 102 for charging coal may be provided at the upper portion of the carbonization chamber 100, and a lead 104 for opening and closing each charging port 102 may be provided. And at one side of the carbonization chamber 100, a coke oven door (not shown) for entering the ram 310 of the extruder 300 for extruding the coke produced in the carbonization chamber 100 is provided, and the upper part of the coke oven door A small door (not shown) for entering the leveler 400 for flattening the raw material charged in the carbonization chamber 100 may be provided. In addition, a discharge port 106 for discharging the exhaust gas generated in the process of carbonizing coal, that is, coke oven gas, may be formed on one side of the carbonization chamber 100, and the exhaust gas may be discharged at the discharge port 106 The riser 130 may be connected. Accordingly, the exhaust gas generated in the carbonization chamber 100 may be discharged to the riser 130 through the discharge port 106 and then transferred to a factory for treating coke oven gas.

The raw material supply unit 200 is provided so as to be movable above the carbonization chamber 100 and may charge coal into the carbonization chamber 100 through the charging port 102 of the carbonization chamber 100. The raw material supply unit 200 includes a charging car 210 that is movably provided above the carbonization chamber 100, a storage unit 220 installed in the charging vehicle 210 and storing coal, and a storage unit 220 It may include a charging unit 230 provided at the bottom so as to be movable in the vertical direction to supply the coal stored in the storage unit 220 into the carbonization chamber 100 through the charging port 102.

The extruder 300 may include a ram 310 provided on one side of the carbonization chamber 100 and for drawing out coke, which has been dried in the carbonization chamber 100, to the outside. The ram 310 may enter the carbonization chamber 100 through a coke oven door, cross the carbonization chamber 100, and discharge coke from the carbonization chamber 100, which has been dried.

The leveler 400 may be provided above the extruder 300 at one side of the carbonization chamber 100. The leveler 400 may enter the inside of the carbonization chamber 100 through the small door and move reciprocally across the inside of the carbonization chamber 100 to flatten the coal charged in the carbonization chamber 100. In this way, while reciprocating the leveler 400 inside the carbonization chamber 100, a distribution path S having a predetermined height may be formed on the upper portion of the coal. The flow path S may be used as a path capable of moving the exhaust gas generated in the process of drying coal to the outlet 106 side. At this time, it is possible to improve the quality and productivity of coke and coke oven gas only when the height of the flow path S is secured to a certain degree, for example, about 400 to 500 mm.

Referring to FIG. 2, the carbonization chamber 100 of the coke oven may be formed in a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape extending in one direction. The carbonization chamber 100 may be formed by constructing a refractory material such as a refractory brick, and a space for carbonizing coal may be formed.

Referring to FIG. 3A, when the carbonization chamber 100 is first constructed, the length, width and height of the carbonization chamber 100 may be expressed as L ₀ , W ₀ and H ₀ , respectively. At this time, the thickness of the refractory forming the bottom of the carbonization chamber 100 and the thickness of the refractory forming the side can be expressed as TA ₀ and TB ₀ , respectively, and the initial internal volume of the carbonization chamber is V ₀ (V ₀ =VA It can be expressed as ₀ +VB ₀ ).

However, as time elapses, the refractory material is worn or damaged due to the impact generated in the process of charging coal into the carbonization chamber 100, and the refractory material is worn by the frictional force generated between the coke and the refractory material in the process of extruding the coke completed with carbonization. This phenomenon occurs. In this case, abrasion of the refractory material may mainly occur in a region in direct contact with coal or coke, for example, in a lower region of the passage S, except for the region in which the passage S is formed in the carbonization chamber 100.

3B shows the state of the inside of the carbonization chamber 100 as time hardens. The thickness of the refractory material forming the bottom of the carbonization chamber 100 and the thickness of the refractory material forming the side surface are reduced to TA _t and TB _t , respectively. The carbonization chamber 100 of the internal length, width and height is increased as L _t, W _t, and H _t respectively, red information of when the first construction the carbonization chamber 100, such as the first internal volume (V ₀₎ is The current content (V _t ) increases (V ₀ <V _t ).

Even though the internal volume of the carbonization chamber 100 has increased in this way, when coal is charged into the carbonization chamber 100 in consideration of the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) of the carbonization chamber 100, the charging level of the coal is hA ₀ hA _t decreases, and the height of the channel S increases from hB ₀ to hB _t . When the height of the distribution path S is increased in this way, it does not significantly affect the production of coke. However, the charging amount of coal, that is, the current charging amount (IP), is substantially the same as the initial charging amount (IF), but since the charging level of coal is lowered, it is relatively small compared to the internal volume of the carbonization chamber 100, so it is contained in the utilization rate and coal. When the carbonization is performed under conditions set in advance in consideration of the content of the volatile matter, etc., the coal receives an excessive amount of heat, thereby reducing the quality and process efficiency of coke, and adversely affecting the refractory material of the carbonization chamber 100.

On the other hand, when the refractory material of the carbonization chamber 100 is worn or damaged (not shown), a refractory material such as ceramic may be added to the refractory material to perform repair. In this case, the thickness of the refractory material of the carbonization chamber 100 increases, so that the internal volume of the carbonization chamber 100 may decrease (V ₀ >V _t ). Even though the internal volume of the carbonization chamber 100 has decreased as described above, if coal is charged into the carbonization chamber 100 based on the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) of the carbonization chamber 100, the loading level of the coal hA _t is hA It increased ₀ (hA ₀ <hA _t) and hB height _t of the flow (S) is reduced (hB hB than _{0 0>} is hB _t).

When the loading level of coal increases, the loading amount of coal loaded into the carbonization chamber 100 is the same as the initial loading amount (IF), but it means that the loading amount is relatively larger than the proper loading amount that can be charged into the carbonization chamber 100 do. If the loading amount of coal is higher than the proper loading amount, if the drying is carried out under the conditions set in advance in consideration of the utilization rate and the content of volatiles contained in coal, the quality and productivity of coke will be reduced because the coal is not properly dried due to lack of heat. There is a problem of deterioration. In addition, when the height of the flow path S decreases, the flow rate of the coke oven gas increases in the flow path S, so that fine powders in the coal are scattered and mixed into the coke oven gas, thereby reducing the quality of the coke oven gas.

In this way, the internal volume of the carbonization chamber 100 is predicted or calculated by using the characteristic that the loading level of coal and the height of the distribution channel S change according to the state of the refractory material inside the carbonization chamber 100, and carbonization using this Coal can be charged in the chamber 100 at an appropriate charging amount.

Accordingly, in an embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of the coke oven gas generated in the process of manufacturing coke may be measured, and the amount of change in the content of the carbonization chamber 100 of the coke oven may be calculated using this. In addition, the quality and productivity of coke may be improved by recalculating the amount of coal charged to the carbonization chamber 100 according to the calculated internal change amount of the carbonization chamber 100 and charging it into the carbonization chamber 100. In addition, it is possible to know when to repair the refractory material of the carbonization chamber 100 according to the calculated amount of change in the internal volume of the carbonization chamber 100, so that the refractory material in the carbonization chamber 100 is repaired at an appropriate time to increase the life of the carbonization chamber 100. Can be improved.

Hereinafter, a raw material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

4 is a block diagram conceptually showing a raw material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and will be described in connection with FIG. 1.

4, a raw material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a container 100 providing a space for processing raw materials, a raw material supply unit 200 for charging raw materials into the container 100, and , Including a measuring device 500 that can measure the flow rate of exhaust gas generated in the process of processing raw materials, and a control unit 600 that can calculate the current internal volume of the container 100 according to the flow rate measured by the measuring device 500 can do. The container 100 may include a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, and the raw material supply unit 200 may include a device for charging coal into the carbonization chamber. Therefore, the container 100 and the carbonization chamber 100 will be described using the same reference numerals.

An upper portion of one side of the container 100 may be provided with an outlet 106 for discharging the exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material, for example, coke oven gas, and the outlet 106 to be transferred to a place for processing the exhaust gas. A discharge pipe that can be, for example, a rising pipe 130 may be connected. Accordingly, the exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material may be discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe by moving toward the discharge port 106 along the flow path S formed above the raw material in the container.

As described above, since the container has one outlet 106 through which exhaust gas can be discharged, the exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material can move while forming a path toward the outlet 106. Therefore, if the measuring device 500 is installed in the discharge port 106 or the discharge pipe (or riser) connected to the discharge port 106, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas can be measured relatively accurately and easily.

On the other hand, the measuring device 500 is easily contaminated by raw materials and exhaust gases in the container 100. Therefore, by installing a cleaner (not shown) capable of injecting a cleaning gas to a leveler capable of flattening the raw material when the raw material is charged, foreign substances attached to the measuring device 500 may be periodically removed.

The control unit 600 includes a storage unit 610 capable of storing information on the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) or the previous internal volume (V _t-1 ) of the container 100, and the exhaust gas measured by the measuring device 500. The current volume (V _t ) of the container 100 is calculated using the flow rate and the current loading amount (IP) of the raw material charged into the container 100, and the initial volume (V ₀ ) or the previous volume (V _{t -1} ) by comparing the current _internal volume (V _t ) and calculating the internal volume change (ΔV) of the container 100, and the internal volume change (ΔV) of the container 100 Thus, in the next process, the determination unit 630 that determines the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material to be charged into the container 100 and the raw material supply unit 200 can be controlled to charge the raw material to the container 100 at the next loading amount (IA). It may include a control unit (640).

When the container 100 is first manufactured, the storage unit 610 uses the information of the inner height (H ₀ ), length (L ₀ ), and width (W ₀ ) of the container 100 to provide the initial internal volume (V) of the container. ₀ ) can be stored. In addition, the storage unit 610 may store drying conditions such as the processing conditions of raw materials, such as the operating rate (operation time) of the carbonization chamber, the loading amount of coal, the loading density, etc., depending on the content of volatiles contained in coal when producing coke. have.

The calculation unit 620 calculates the height (hB _t ) of the distribution path S formed on the top of the raw material by using the flow velocity of the exhaust gas measured by the measuring device 500, and calculates the height (hB) of the distribution path S. Calculate the volume (VB _t ) occupied by the distribution channel (S) in the container using _t ) and the length (L ₀ ) and width (W ₀ ) information of the container 100 stored in the storage unit 610 can do. In addition, the calculation unit 620 uses the current loading amount (IP) and loading density (ρ) information of the coal stored in the storage unit 610 to calculate the volume (VA _t ) occupied by the raw material in the container 100. Calculation, and using the volume (VA _t , VB _t ) each occupied by the raw material and the distribution channel (S) in the container, the current inner volume (V _t ) of the container can also be calculated. In addition, the calculation unit 620 also calculates the volume change (ΔV) of the container using the current volume (V _t ) of the container 100 and the initial volume (V ₀ ) stored in the storage unit 610 can do.

The determination unit 630 compares the current internal volume (V _t ) of the container calculated in the calculation unit 620 and the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) stored in the storage unit 610 with each other, and Depending on the amount of change (ΔV), that is, the difference between the current volume (V _t ) and the initial volume (V ₀ ), the next loading amount (IA) to be charged into the container during the next process can be determined. In addition, the determination unit may determine whether to repair or not by determining the state of the container 100, for example, the state of the refractory material in the carbonization chamber by using the internal volume change ΔV of the container 100.

The control unit 640 may control the operation of the raw material supply unit 200 to charge the raw material to the container at the next charge amount IA in the next process using the next charge amount IA determined by the determination unit 630. .

In addition, the raw material processing apparatus may further include an output unit 700 capable of notifying the operator of whether or not the container is to be repaired or when the container is repaired as a result determined by the determination unit 630. The output unit 700 may include a monitor or a lamp that can display whether or not the container is to be repaired, when the container is repaired, or the like, and may include an alarm that generates an alarm sound.

Hereinafter, a raw material charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

5 is a flow chart showing a raw material processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a flow chart showing a process of calculating the current contents of the container in the raw material processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 7 is the present invention In the raw material processing method according to the embodiment of, Fig. 8 is a flow chart showing the process of calculating the next charge amount of raw material to be used in the next process, Fig. 8 is a graph showing the change in the flow rate of flue gas over time during coke production, and Fig. 9 is a coke oven operation rate It is a graph showing the correlation between the flow velocity and the height of the distribution channel according to.

Referring to Figure 5, the raw material processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the process of charging the raw material into the container (S100), the process of processing the raw material (S200), and the exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material. A process of measuring a flow rate (S300) and a process of calculating a current internal volume (V _t ) of the container using the measured flow rate of the exhaust gas (S400). Further, since the output current internal volume (V _t) of the container, the process (S500) by using the current internal volume (V _t) of the container calculates the following jangipryang (IA) of the raw material to be charged into a vessel in the next step and , It may include a process (S600) of extruding the processed raw material. And all of these processes can be repeated.

The process of the previous step of charging the raw material, providing information on the first internal volume (V ₀₎ of the container and, for calculating a first internal volume (V ₀₎ are jangipryang (IP) of the raw material to be charged to the vessel, based on the The process and the process of calculating the volume (VA _t ) occupied by the current raw material in the container when the raw material is charged into the container with the current loading amount (IP) can be performed. Here, the initial internal volume may mean the internal volume of the carbonization chamber immediately after the carbonization chamber is first constructed. Information on the initial inner volume (V ₀ ) of the container can be prepared as follows. When manufacturing a container for the first time, the initial length (L ₀ ), the initial width (W ₀ ), and the initial height (H ₀ ) of the container can be known because the container is manufactured in a preset size. Therefore, when the inner space of the container is formed as a rectangular parallelepiped, the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) can be calculated by Equation 1 below.

Equation 1)

In addition, as described in Equations 2 to 4 below, the initial inner volume (V ₀ ) of the container is the sum of the volume occupied by the raw material in the container (VA ₀ ) and the volume occupied by the distribution channel (S) in the container (VB ₀ ) It can also be calculated.

Equation 2)

At this time, VA ₀ may refer to a volume occupied by raw materials in the container in a process performed for the first time after the container is first manufactured, and VB ₀ may refer to a volume occupied by the distribution path (S) in the container. The optimal distribution path (S) height (hB ₀ ) that can smoothly process raw materials is a preset value, and since the length (L ₀ ) and width (W ₀ ) of the container are known, the container to the distribution path (S) The volume occupied by (VB ₀ ) can be calculated. And when the volume occupied by the distribution channel (S) in the container (VB ₀ ) is calculated, the initial loading amount (IF) of the raw material and the volume occupied by the raw material in the container (VA ₀ ) using the initial inner volume (V ₀ ) of the container Can be calculated.

Equation 3)

(Where, IF means the initial loading amount of coal, and ρ means the loading density of coal.)

Equation 4)

For example, if the optimum height of the distribution channel S is 0.44m when processing raw materials, the volume occupied by the distribution channel S in the container (VB ₀ ) can be calculated using Equation 4, and the calculated distribution channel ( By using the volume of S) (VB ₀ ), the volume occupied by the raw material in the container (VA ₀ ) and the initial loading amount (IF) can be calculated.

Meanwhile, the volume (VA _t ) occupied by the raw material in the current container can be calculated using Equation 5 below.

Equation 5)

(In this case, IP means the current loading amount of coal, and ρ means the loading density of coal.)

The current loading amount (IP) of the raw material to be charged into the container can be calculated based on the initial content volume (V ₀ ) of the container, and it is calculated without considering the change in the contents of the container, and is the same value as the initial loading amount (IF). Can have. Referring to Equation 6 below, since the initial inner volume (), the volume occupied by the raw material in the container, and the loading density of the raw material are already known values, the initial charged amount (IF) of the raw material is calculated using these It can be determined by the current charging amount (IP).

Equation 6)

When the loading amount of the raw material, for example, the current loading amount (IP) is calculated, the raw material can be charged with the current loading amount (IP) calculated in the container using the raw material supply unit. After loading the raw material into the container, the upper surface of the raw material can be flattened using a leveler. This is to secure the distribution path S formed on the top of the raw material so that the exhaust gas generated in the process of processing the raw material has a constant flow velocity in the longitudinal direction of the container and can move toward the discharge port 106. After loading the raw material into the container, the process of processing the raw material can be performed. In this case, the process of processing the raw material may include heating the raw material.

When raw materials are loaded into the container, the raw materials loaded into the container can be processed. In the process of processing the raw material, the raw material can be heated, which may cause flue gas during the raw material processing.

In the process of processing raw materials, the flow rate of the flue gas can be measured.

As described above, the exhaust gas may be discharged to the outside through the discharge port 106 formed on one side of the container, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas may be measured at the discharge port 106 or a discharge pipe connected to the discharge port 106.

Referring to FIG. 8, when coke is manufactured by drying coal, exhaust gas is rapidly generated up to about 20% after the start of drying out of 100% of the total drying time, so that the flow rate of the exhaust gas rapidly increases. In addition, the flue gas flow rate is kept constant up to about 80% after the start of the drying. In addition, due to the characteristics of coal, the amount of flue gas generated increases at about 80% after the start of drying, so that the flow rate of the flue gas reaches the maximum value, and the flow rate of the flue gas rapidly decreases until the drying is completed.

In this way, since the flue gas flow rates have different values in the entire process of processing raw materials, a representative flow rate (F) that can be used as a representative value to calculate the current inner volume (VB _t ) of the container using the flue gas flow rate Can be decided.

In order to determine the representative flow rate (F), it is possible to continuously measure the flow rate of the flue gas in the entire section of raw material processing.

In addition, the average value of the measured flow rate may be determined as the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas. Alternatively, the maximum value among the measured flow rates may be set as the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas. Alternatively, the average value of the flow rate measured in about 20% to 80% after starting the processing of the raw material among some sections of raw material processing, for example, the whole section of processing the raw material, may be determined as the representative flow rate F of the exhaust gas.

When the representative flow rate (F) is determined in this way, the current internal volume (V _t ) of the container can be calculated using the representative flow rate (F).

6, the process of calculating the current content (V _t ) of the container (S400) is a process of calculating the height (hB _t ) of the distribution path (S) in the container using a representative flow rate (S410)) And, the process of calculating the volume (VB _t ) occupied by the distribution channel (S) in the container using the calculated height (hB _t ) of the distribution channel (S) (S420)) and the volume occupied by the raw material in the container (VA _t ) And the volume (VB _t ) occupied by the distribution channel (S) may be added to calculate the current inner volume (V _t ) of the container (S430)).

The height hB _t of the distribution path S can be calculated using Equation 7 below.

Equation 7)

(C1 is a coefficient related to the width of the container, and can be determined between 1.6 and 2.5 depending on the width of the container, and it has a larger value as the width of the container increases.

C2 is a coefficient related to the utilization rate and the amount of gas generated according to the content of volatiles contained in the raw material (coal), and can be determined between 0.3 and 1.0 depending on the utilization rate and the content of volatiles contained in the raw material (coal), and the utilization rate increases The more it is, the larger it can be)

Referring to Equation 7, the height (hB _t ) of the channel is in inverse proportion to the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas. In addition, the height of the channel (hB _t ) is related to the width of the container, and is also related to the specific component of coal used as a raw material, that is, the content of volatile matter and the operating rate (operation time) of the carbonization chamber.

These results are measured in the process of processing raw materials by using containers with various widths and changing the operating rate (processing time or drying time) and height of the channel S as shown in FIG. It was obtained from the results obtained by repeating the experiment to measure the flow rate of the exhaust gas.

For example, if the width of the container is 430 mm, 2.5 can be applied to C1, and if the width of the container is 500 mm, 1.6 can be applied to C1. And when the utilization rate is 120%, 1.0 can be applied to C2, and when the utilization rate is 100%, 0.3 can be applied to C2.

Calculating the height (hB _t) of the representative velocity for (F) to the distribution by applying the following equation 7 (S), and by substituting the equation (8) below the height (hB _t) to the calculated flow (S) It is possible to calculate the volume (VB _t ) occupied by the distribution path (S) in the container.

Equation 8)

Equation 8 reflects the state in which the content of the container has changed over time.

When the volume (VB _t ) of the flow path (S) is calculated, the current inner volume (V _t ) of the container can be calculated using Equation 9 below.

Equation 9)

The volume (VA _t ) occupied by the raw material in the container can be derived from the current loading amount (IP), and the volume (VB _t ) occupied by the distribution channel (S) can be derived from the flow rate measured in the distribution channel (S).

When the current inner volume (V _t ) of the container is calculated, the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material to be charged into the container in the next process can be calculated (S500) using the current inner volume (V _t ) of the container.

Using Equation 10 below, the volume change (ΔV) of the container may be calculated (S520).

Equation 10)

And according to the calculated volume change (ΔV) of the container, the next charging amount (IA) of the raw material to be charged into the container in the next process can be determined.

For example, if the calculated volume change (ΔV) of the container is 0 (ΔV=0), that is, if the current volume (V _t ) is the same as the initial volume (V ₀ ) (V ₀ =V _t ), the current loading amount (IP) can be set as the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material to be charged into the container in the next process (IA=IP) (S530).

Or, if the calculated internal volume change (ΔV) of the container is less than 0 (ΔV<0), that is, if the current internal volume (V _t ) is less than the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) (V ₀ >V _t ), It can be judged that the inner volume of the container has decreased due to refractory repair. In this case, the amount of the raw material corresponding to the change amount ΔV, for example, the reduction amount M1 may be calculated (S540). When the reduction amount (M1) is calculated, the difference between the current charging amount (IP) and the reduction amount (M1) can be determined as the next charging amount (IA) to be charged into the container in the next process (IA=IP-M1) (S542). .

Or, if the calculated internal volume change (ΔV) of the container is greater than 0 (ΔV>0), and the current internal volume (V _t ) is greater than the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) (V ₀ <V _t ), It can be determined that the internal volume of the container has increased due to the wear of refractory materials. In this case, the volume change (ΔV) of the container is compared with a predetermined target range (S550), and additional raw materials are added to the container according to the comparison result, or whether the container is repaired after completing the process is determined. can do. For example, if the volume change amount (ΔV) of the container falls within the range of more than 0% and less than 5% with respect to the initial volume content of the container (V ₀ ), the amount of raw material corresponding to the volume change amount ((ΔV), such as an additional charge amount (M2) can be calculated (S552), and the sum of the current charging amount (IP) and the additional charging amount (M2) can be determined as the expected charging amount to be charged into the container in the next process (IA=IP+M2) (S554 ).

On the other hand, if the volume change (ΔV) of the container exceeds 5% with respect to the initial volume (V ₀ ) of the container, it is judged that the refractory material of the container is seriously damaged, and the next loading amount of the raw material for the next process (IA Instead of calculating ), it may be determined to repair the container (S556). And, if necessary, it is possible to inform the operator of the maintenance timing of the container using an output unit 700 such as a monitor or an alarm device (S558).

Thereafter, when the corresponding raw material processing process is completed, the raw material processed from the container is extruded (S600), and the raw material may be charged in the next charging amount IA determined in the container for the next process.

After loading the raw material in the container at the next loading amount (IA), the top of the raw material can be flattened using a leveler. At this time, foreign substances attached to the measuring device may be removed using a cleaner provided in the leveler.

Hereinafter, modified examples of the present invention will be described.

This modified example can be performed in the same manner as the raw material processing method described above, except for several processes including the process of calculating the current loading amount (IP) to be charged into the container.

First, in the above-described embodiment, the current loading amount (IP) of the raw material to be charged into the container was calculated based on the initial inner volume (V ₀ ) of the container. However, in this modified example, the current loading amount (IP) of the raw material is not calculated based on the initial internal volume (V ₀ ), but the current loading amount (IP) of the raw material can be calculated based on the previous internal volume (V _t-1 ). have.

For example, in a process performed after the first manufacturing of the container and the second time, the previous inner volume (V _t-1 ) of the container may be the same as the original inner volume (V ₀ ) of the container.

On the other hand, in the subsequent process, the previous internal volume (V _{t - 1} ) of the container is different from the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) of the container, and means the internal volume of the container in the process performed immediately before the process. I can.

In this way, based on the previous contents volume (V _t-1 ) of the container, the current loading amount (IP) of the raw material to be charged into the container in the process is calculated, and the current contents volume (V _t ) of the container can be calculated using this. have.

And when the current internal volume (V _t ) of the container is calculated, the amount of change in the internal volume (ΔV) of the container can be calculated using Equation 11 below.

Equation 11)

Thereafter, the next loading amount (IA) of the raw material to be charged into the container in the next process can be determined using the change in the contents of the container (ΔV), or whether the container is repaired or not can be determined.

If raw materials are processed in this way, it is possible to compare in real time the previous contents of the container (V _t-1 ) and the current contents of the container (V _t ). In addition, since it is possible to grasp the degree of change in the contents of the container each time the raw material is processed, there is an advantage of being able to predict in advance the life of the container or the maintenance cycle.

As described above, in the detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but, of course, various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be defined by being limited to the described embodiments, and should be defined by the claims and equivalents as well as the claims to be described later.

100: carbonization chamber 200: raw material supply unit
300: extruder 400: leveler
500: measurement unit 600: control unit
700: output

Claims (22)

A coke oven that provides a space for carbonizing coal, has an outlet for discharging exhaust gas at one side, and includes a discharge pipe connected to the discharge port;
A raw material supply unit for charging coal into the coke oven;
A measuring device capable of measuring the flow rate of exhaust gas generated in the process of drying the coal; And
Including; a control unit capable of calculating the current internal volume of the coke oven using the flow rate of the exhaust gas measured by the measuring device,
The control unit includes: a storage unit capable of storing information on the initial or previous contents of the coke oven;
The current internal volume of the coke oven is calculated using the flow rate of the flue gas measured by the measuring device and the current loading amount of the coal loaded into the coke oven, and the initial or previous internal volume of the coke oven and the current content of the coke oven An operation unit capable of calculating an amount of change in the internal volume of the coke oven by comparing enemies;
A determination unit determining a next loading amount of coal to be charged into the coke oven in a next process using the change in the internal volume of the coke oven; And
And a control unit capable of controlling the raw material supply unit to charge the coal into the coke oven at the next charge amount. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The determination unit determines whether or not to repair the coke oven by determining the state of the coke oven using the amount of change in the internal volume of the coke oven,
The raw material processing apparatus further comprises an output unit capable of displaying the result determined by the determination unit. The method according to claim 4,
The discharge pipe is a raw material processing apparatus comprising a rising pipe. The process of preparing information on the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) of the coke oven;
Calculating a current loading amount (IP) of coal to be charged into the coke oven based on the initial internal volume (V ₀ ) of the coke oven;
Calculating a volume (VA _t ) occupied by coal in the coke oven when coal is charged to the coke oven at the current loading amount (IP);
Charging coal into the coke oven;
Carbonizing the coal;
Measuring a flow rate of exhaust gas generated in the process of drying the coal; And
Including; a process of calculating the current internal volume (V _t ) of the coke oven using the measured flue gas flow rate,
The process of measuring the flow rate of the exhaust gas,
Continuously measuring the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the coke oven to the outside of the coke oven in all sections of the carbonization of the coal;
Including; a process of determining a representative flow rate (F) from the measured flue gas flow rate,
The process of calculating the current internal volume (V _t ) of the coke oven,
Calculating the height (hB _t ) of a channel formed on the upper portion of the coal in the coke oven using the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas;
Calculating the volume (VB _t ) occupied by the distribution channel in the coke oven using the height (hB _t ) of the distribution channel and the inner length (L0) and width (W0) of the coke oven; And
The process of calculating the sum of the volume occupied by the coal (VA _t ) and the volume occupied by the distribution channel (VB _t ) as the current inner volume (V _t ) of the coke oven; delete delete delete The method according to claim 6,
The process of determining the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas,
Raw material processing method comprising the process of determining the average value of the measured flow rate as the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas. The method according to claim 6,
The process of determining the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas,
Raw material processing method comprising the process of determining the maximum value of the measured flow rate as the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas. The method according to claim 6,
The process of determining the representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas,
The raw material processing method comprising the step of determining the average value of the flow rate measured in the portion of the carbonization of the coal as a representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas. The method of claim 12,
The process of determining the average value of the flow velocity measured in some sections of the coal drying as the representative flow velocity (F) of the exhaust gas,
The raw material processing method comprising the step of determining the average value of the flow rate measured in the 20 to 80% section after the start of the carbonization of the coal in all sections of the coal as a representative flow rate (F) of the exhaust gas. The method according to claim 6,
The process of calculating the height of the channel (hB _t ) is a raw material processing method performed using the following equation.

(F: representative flow rate, C1: 1.6 to 2.5, C2: 0.3 to 1.0) The method according to claim 14,
After the process of calculating the current inner volume (V _t ) of the coke oven,
Calculating a difference value between the current internal volume (V _t ) of the coke oven and the initial internal volume (V0) of the coke oven as an internal volume change (ΔV) of the coke oven; And
The process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the coal to be charged into the coke oven in the next step by using the internal volume change (ΔV) of the coke oven; raw material processing method comprising a. The method of claim 15,
The process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the coal,
If the internal volume change (ΔV) of the coke oven is 0, the raw material processing method comprising the process of determining the current charging amount (IP) as the next charging amount (IA). The method of claim 15,
The process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the coal,
If the internal volume change (ΔV) of the coke oven is less than 0,
Computing a reduction amount (M1) corresponding to the internal volume change amount (ΔV) of the coke oven, and determining a value obtained by subtracting the reduction amount (M1) from the current charging amount (IP) as the next charging amount (IA). Raw material processing method. The method of claim 15,
The process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the coal,
If the internal volume change amount (ΔV) of the coke oven is greater than 0 and exceeds 0% and 5% or less with respect to the initial internal volume (V0),
Comprising the process of calculating an additional charging amount (M2) corresponding to the internal volume change amount (ΔV) of the coke oven, and determining the sum of the additional charging amount (M2) and the current charging amount (IP) as the next charging amount (IA). Raw material processing method. The method according to claim 18,
The process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the coal,
When the internal volume change (ΔV) of the coke oven exceeds 5% with respect to the initial internal volume (V ₀ ),
A raw material treatment method comprising the process of determining that the coke oven needs maintenance, and instead of determining the next charging amount (IA) to be charged into the coke oven in the next process, and notifying the operator of the maintenance timing. The method according to any one of claims 6, 10 to 19,
The process of measuring the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the process of calculating the current internal volume of the coke oven using the measured flow rate of the exhaust gas,
A raw material treatment method that is repeatedly performed each time the process of carbonizing the coal is performed. The method according to claim 20,
The process of drying the coal is repeatedly performed at least two times,
Before the process of charging the coal,
Preparing information on the previous internal volume (V _t -1) of the coke oven;
Calculating a current loading amount (IP) of coal to be charged into the coke oven based on the previous internal volume (V _t -1) of the coke oven; And
Raw material processing method comprising; a process of calculating the volume (VA _t ) occupied by coal in the coke oven when coal is charged to the coke oven at the current loading amount (IP). The method according to claim 20,
After the process of calculating the current inner volume (V _t ) of the coke oven,
Calculating a difference value between the current inner volume (V _t ) of the coke oven and the previous inner volume (V _t -1) of the coke oven as an inner volume change (ΔV) of the coke oven; And
Raw material processing method comprising a; the process of determining the next loading amount (IA) of the coal to be charged into the coke oven in the next process by using the internal volume change (ΔV) of the coke oven.

Images