KR102142700B1 - Nozzle for 3D Printer Comprising Eccentric Outlet and 3D printer Comprising the Nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

A nozzle for a 3D printer in which a predetermined 3D printing material is injected, disposed on a bottom surface of the nozzle, and including an outlet through which the 3D printing material is injected, wherein the outlet is eccentric from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle It provides a 3D printer including a nozzle for a 3D printer and a nozzle unit including the nozzle, which is arranged to be positioned (decentaration).

Description

Nozzle for 3D Printer Comprising Eccentric Outlet and 3D Printer Comprising the Nozzle}

The present invention relates to a nozzle for a 3D printer including an eccentric discharge port and a 3D printer including the same.

3D printing refers to additive manufacturing, for example, additive manufacturing based on three-dimensional digital data through scanning or modeling, to create a desired shape through a process of sequentially stacking materials. It is known that the 3D printing process can reduce the energy required for production by more than 50% and save the material by more than 90% compared to other processing processes.

3D printing is divided into 9 types according to the lamination method. Among them, the Material Extrusion (ME) method is the simplest in terms of hardware configuration, so even if you are not an expert, you can create and use the shape yourself. It is popularized. Among the 3D printers using the ME method, 3D printers using a thermoplastic resin called fused filament fabrication (FFF) or fused deposition modeling (FDM) are most widely used, and the 3D printers mainly use a filament-shaped plastic material. do. The 3D printer melts a filament-shaped plastic material having a diameter of 1.75 millimeters and a dimension of 3 millimeters, and then discharges it through a nozzle.

In general, including the 3D printing process using the ME method, the 3D printing process generally produces an output by stacking materials one after the other, wherein the output lines of a straight line forming one layer are continuously printed, thereby forming an overall output. . However, such a straight line output line is difficult to increase a strain rate or increase a surface area due to limitations in material properties. A separate printing structure may be designed to increase the strain, but this requires not only a separate design process, but also has a limitation in implementing a complex form of a coupling structure consisting of continuous lines of straight lines in the printing process.

Therefore, there is a high need for a new 3D printing method that can increase the surface area of the output and increase the strain.

Accordingly, the technical problem of the present invention was devised in this regard, and the object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printer capable of outputting a meandering structure by arranging a discharge port at an eccentric position from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle. It is to provide a nozzle.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printer capable of increasing the strain rate of an output at low cost and improving the surface area without special modification by employing the nozzle for the 3D printer.

The nozzle for a 3D printer according to an aspect of the present invention is a nozzle for a 3D printer in which a predetermined 3D printing material is injected,

It is disposed on the bottom surface (bottom surface) of the nozzle, and includes an outlet through which the 3D printing material is injected,

The discharge port is arranged to be located eccentrically from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the discharge port may be disposed to be located within a region of 1 μm to 100 cm in radius from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the discharge port may have a diameter in the range of 10 to 30% based on the diameter of the nozzle for the 3D printer.

In one embodiment, the outlet may be circular, elliptical or polygonal.

In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the nozzle may be circular, elliptical or polygonal.

In one embodiment, the 3D printing material may include any one selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic polymers, metals, composite materials, biocompatible materials, and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, the thermoplastic polymer may be any one selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), ABS resin, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, the nozzle further includes a passage through which the 3D printing material passes,

The flow path may be connected to a discharge port disposed on the bottom surface of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the shape of the flow path may be a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical or polyhedral shape in which a vertical cross-section of the rotation axis is polygonal.

In one embodiment, the flow path may be connected to the discharge port in a direction orthogonal to the bottom surface of the nozzle.

In another embodiment, the flow path may be connected to the discharge port in a direction not orthogonal to the bottom surface of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the flow path may include one or more bent portions, or may not include bent portions.

3D printer according to another aspect of the present invention,

At least one nozzle unit including a nozzle for a 3D printer as described above;

A nozzle moving part that moves the nozzle part in all directions; And

And an output unit disposed under the nozzle unit and stacked with 3D printing material discharged from the nozzle for the 3D printer on the upper surface to form a predetermined output.

In one embodiment, the ratio (V _t ) of the speed at which the 3D printing material is discharged from the nozzle relative to the printing speed (V _p ) required for the predetermined output to be formed (V _t ) /V _p ) may be 0.1 to 10.

In one embodiment, the output unit may include a substrate made of any one material selected from the group consisting of paper, wood, metal, polymer, and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, the output unit may include a driving unit for displacement in the vertical direction.

In one embodiment, the 3D printer may be a method using fused filament fabrication or fused deposition modeling.

In one embodiment, a predetermined output composition formed in the output unit may include at least one curling area.

In one embodiment, the predetermined output composition formed in the output unit is a straight pattern (straight pattern), wave pattern (wavy pattern), alternating pattern (alternating pattern), coiling pattern (coiling pattern), overlapping pattern (overlapping pattern) ), and one or more of a braided pattern.

In one embodiment, a predetermined output composition formed on the output unit may be a multi-layer structure formed by stacking two or more layers of the 3D printing material.

In one embodiment, the multilayer structure is

i) Only a layer comprising at least one curling part is a stacked structure, or

ii) A layer including one or more curling portions and a layer not including the curling portions may be stacked in a random order.

4D printer according to another aspect of the present invention,

A first nozzle part and a second nozzle part each including a nozzle for a 3D printer;

A nozzle moving part for moving the first nozzle part and the second nozzle part in all directions; And

Outputs arranged under the first nozzle part and the second nozzle part, and 3D printing materials discharged from the nozzles for 3D printers of the respective first nozzle parts and the second nozzle parts are stacked on the upper surface to produce a predetermined output. Including;

At least one of the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion includes the nozzle for the 3D printer described above.

In one embodiment, i) at least one of the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion includes a central discharge port,

ii) Both the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion may include an eccentric discharge port.

When the nozzle for a 3D printer according to the present invention is used, the strain of an output by a 3D printer can be significantly increased compared to a conventional 3D printer by simply replacing the nozzle. In addition, compared to the existing 3D printer, while maintaining the same level of production speed, it is possible to produce a more complex and creative structure of the output, and it is possible to produce a three-dimensional curved surface with a very large surface area.

1 is a schematic diagram comparing a conventional central outlet nozzle and an eccentric outlet nozzle according to an embodiment.
2 is a schematic view showing an eccentric discharge nozzle according to another embodiment.
3 is an image of meandering outputs formed by an eccentric outlet nozzle according to one embodiment according to a relative speed V _t /V _p , away from a straight output formed by a conventional central outlet nozzle.
4 is an image of various patterns that can be included in the outputs formed by the eccentric outlet nozzle according to one embodiment through process parameter adjustment.
5 is a graph showing the results of deformation through a tensile strength test for an output formed by a conventional central outlet nozzle and an output formed by an eccentric outlet nozzle according to one embodiment.
6 is an image showing a cross-section of an output of a multi-layer structure implemented using various pattern combinations.
7 is a graph measuring the strain of the output of the single-layer structure and the output of the multi-layer structure of FIG. 6.
8 is an image showing a result after a deformation behavior occurs by applying deformation to outputs of a multi-layer structure implemented by an eccentric discharge nozzle according to an embodiment.
9 is an image of a three-dimensional output realized by a conventional central outlet nozzle and a three-dimensional output implemented by an eccentric outlet nozzle according to one embodiment.

For a detailed description of the present invention, which will be described later, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that illustrate, by way of example, specific embodiments in which the present invention may be practiced. These examples are described in detail enough to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present invention. It should be understood that the various embodiments of the invention are different, but need not be mutually exclusive. For example, certain shapes, structures, and properties described herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in relation to one embodiment. In addition, it should be understood that the location or placement of individual components within each disclosed embodiment can be changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed description is not intended to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention, if appropriately described, is limited only by the appended claims, along with all ranges equivalent to those claimed. In the drawings, similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar functions across various aspects.

Hereinafter, a 3D printer nozzle and a 3D printer including the same will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a nozzle for a 3D printer in which a predetermined 3D printing material is injected, disposed on a bottom surface of the nozzle, and including an outlet through which the 3D printing material is injected, the outlet There is provided a nozzle for a 3D printer, which is arranged to be positioned eccentrically from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle.

'Eccentrically located' in the present specification means to be positioned to deviate from the center of a specific area, and the degree of deviating from the center is not particularly limited. In addition, in this specification, the'eccentric discharge port' means a discharge port arranged to be eccentrically positioned from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle, and the'eccentric discharge port nozzle' means a nozzle including the eccentric discharge port.

1 is a schematic view comparing a conventional central outlet nozzle and an eccentric outlet nozzle according to an embodiment. Specifically, Figure 1 (a) shows a conventional central outlet nozzle and a stacked form of 3D printing material discharged thereby, Figure 1 (b) is an eccentric outlet nozzle according to an embodiment and 3D printing discharged thereby It shows the lamination form of the material. In the conventional central discharge port nozzle 10, the discharge port 11 is located at the center of the bottom surface 12 of the nozzle, while the eccentric discharge port nozzle 20 according to an embodiment has a discharge port 21 and the bottom surface 22 of the nozzle It is located eccentrically from the center.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the conventional central outlet nozzle 10 is used, the stacked shape of the 3D printing material is close to a straight line, whereas when the eccentric outlet nozzle 20 according to one embodiment is used, a serpentine shape 3D printing material can be stacked to increase the strain rate of the output.

The nozzle for a 3D printer according to the present invention includes an eccentric discharge port, thereby causing a non-uniform flow of the 3D printing material melted inside the nozzle, that is, a flow at a portion closer to the discharge port is faster than a distant portion, thereby causing the 3D printing. Extrusion defects appear due to the difference in the discharge speed of the material. Specifically, the non-uniform flow causes eccentric extrusion curvature and non-uniform local deformation, so that the 3D printing material is discharged in a serpentine shape through an eccentric nozzle.

In one specific example, the discharge port may be arranged to be located within a region of 1 μm to 100 cm in radius from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle. In one embodiment, the discharge port may be arranged to be located in a region of 1 μm to 1000 μm in radius from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle. In another embodiment, when a 3D printer including the outlet is used to fabricate a large-sized structure, the outlet may be arranged to be located within a region of 1 cm to 100 cm in radius from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle. Outside the above range, when the discharge port is located in an area of less than 1 µm in radius from the center of the bottom surface of the road surface, the degree of eccentricity of the discharge port is generally low, so it is difficult to achieve a desired level of strain.

In one specific example, the discharge port may have a diameter in the range of 10 to 30% based on the diameter of the nozzle for the 3D printer. Outside the above range, when the diameter of the outlet is less than 10% based on the diameter of the nozzle for the 3D printer, clogging of the outlet frequently occurs, and when outputting the same sized output, the output time becomes too long On the other hand, on the other hand, if the diameter of the discharge port exceeds 30% based on the diameter of the nozzle for the 3D printer, it is not easy to control the serpentine structure, and there is a problem that the output is likely to come out in a straight structure. have.

For example, the discharge port may have a diameter of 100 to 400 ㎛. However, the diameter of the discharge port is not necessarily limited to the above range, and when the structure of the printer is increased, a desirable upper limit range of the discharge port diameter may be increased accordingly.

In one specific example, the outlet may be circular, elliptical or polygonal. In addition, the bottom surface of the nozzle in which the discharge port is disposed may be circular, elliptical or polygonal. The shape of the bottom surface of the discharge port and the nozzle may be selected independently of each other, and may be the same shape or different shapes from each other.

In one specific example, the 3D printing material may include any one selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic polymers, metals, composite materials, biocompatible materials, and combinations thereof.

At this time, the thermoplastic polymer may be any one selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), ABS resin, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof. When polylactic acid is applied as the 3D printing material, polylactic acid is an eco-friendly resin and does not contain harmful elements, which is suitable for the trend of eco-friendliness in recent technological developments, and less shrinkage than other materials. Since there is no occurrence, it may be easy to manufacture, but is not limited to polylactic acid. For example, the 3D printing material may include metal, for example, aluminum, platinum, silver, gold, and the like, but is not limited thereto. For example, the 3D printing material may include a composite material, and may include, for example, an organic light emitting material, a composite material of TiO ₂ and plastic, etc., but is not limited thereto.

According to another embodiment, the 3D printing material may be in the form of a filament, but is not limited thereto.

2 is a schematic view showing an eccentric discharge nozzle according to another embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the flow path included in the nozzle will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a), (b), and 2 described above.

In one specific example, the 3D printer nozzles 20 and 30 of the present invention further include flow paths 23 and 33 through which the 3D printing material passes inside the nozzles 20 and 30, and the flow paths ( 23, 33) may be connected to the discharge ports (21, 31) disposed on the bottom surface (22, 32) of the nozzle.

For example, the shape of the flow path may be a cylindrical shape, a cylindrical shape or a polyhedron shape having a vertical cross-section of the rotation axis, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment, the flow path may be connected to the discharge port in a direction orthogonal to the bottom surface of the nozzle. In this regard, referring to FIG. 1(b), the flow path 23 included in the nozzle 20 is connected to the discharge port 21 in a direction orthogonal to the bottom surface 22 of the nozzle (Y direction).

According to another embodiment, the flow path may be connected to the discharge port in a direction not orthogonal to the bottom surface of the nozzle. In this regard, referring to FIG. 2, the flow path 33 included in the nozzle 30 is connected to the discharge port 31 in a direction not perpendicular to the bottom surface 32 of the nozzle.

According to one embodiment, the flow path may include one or more bent portions, or may not include bent portions. When the flow path includes one or more bent portions, variables such as the position of the bent portion, the degree of bending, and the number of bent portions may be adjusted to adjust a strain of the output to a desired level.

According to another aspect of the invention, at least one nozzle unit including the nozzle for the 3D printer; A nozzle moving part that moves the nozzle part in all directions; And an output unit disposed under the nozzle unit and stacked with 3D printing material discharged from the nozzle for the 3D printer nozzle on the upper surface to form a predetermined output. 3D printer is provided.

For example, the 3D printer may include one nozzle unit. For example, the 3D printer may include two or more nozzle parts.

In one specific example, the ratio (V _t ) of the speed at which the 3D printing material is ejected from the nozzle to the printing speed (V _p ) required for the predetermined output to be formed (V _t ) /V _p ) may be 0.1 to 10. For example, the V _t /V _p may be 1.0 to 2.0, but is not limited thereto.

In the case of the conventional center outlet nozzle, only a straight output can be formed, unless a special additional device is included. On the other hand, in the case of a 3D printer including an eccentric outlet nozzle as in the present invention, the shape of the output can be formed as desired by adjusting V _t /V _p .

According to one embodiment, a predetermined output composition formed in the output unit may include at least one curling area.

According to another embodiment, the predetermined output composition formed in the output unit is a straight pattern, a wave pattern, an alternating pattern, a coiling pattern, an overlapping pattern ), and one or more of a braided pattern.

3 is an image of meandering outputs formed by an eccentric outlet nozzle according to one embodiment according to a relative speed V _t /V _p , away from a straight output formed by a conventional central outlet nozzle, and FIG. 4 Is an image of various patterns that the outputs formed by the eccentric outlet nozzle according to one embodiment may include through process parameter adjustment. Referring to FIG. 3, it can be seen that as V _t /V _p increases, the shape of the output changes from a low frequency wave form to a high frequency wave form.

Specifically, by adjusting V _t /V _p , it is possible to exhibit a serpentine pattern of various shapes, for example, as follows, and the shape of each pattern is shown in FIG. 4:

a) When V _t /V _p =1.0, a wave pattern may be represented;

b) when 1.0<V _t /V _p ≤1.4, it may represent an alternating pattern or a coiling pattern;

c) when 1.4<V _t /V _p ≤1.6, it may represent an alternating pattern, a coiling pattern, or an overlapping pattern;

d) When 1.6<V _t /V _p ≤2.0, it may represent a coiling pattern, an overlapping pattern, or a braided pattern,

However, this is exemplary, and the shape of each pattern is not limited as described above according to the V _t /V _p range.

When V _t /V _p , that is, when the relative speed is set high, the amount of 3D printing material discharged compared to the printing speed increases, so that the buckling unstable state when the 3D printing material touches the surface, for example, the output part where the output material is formed It becomes (buckling instability), and accordingly, a curling portion having a curl shape is formed due to a longitudinal compressive stress. As V _p decreases, the difference from V _t increases, and the 3D printing material accumulates more within the same printing movement distance, the degree of twist increases, and the frequency also increases, changing the shape from a wave pattern to an overlapping pattern.

According to another embodiment, a predetermined output composition formed on the output unit may be a multi-layer structure formed by stacking two or more layers of the 3D printing material.

For example, the multi-layer structure may be i) a structure in which only a layer including at least one curling part is stacked, or ii) a layer including at least one curling part and a layer not including curling parts are stacked in a random order. have.

Here, the layer including the curling portion may include, for example, a wave pattern, an alternating pattern, a coiling pattern, an overlapping pattern, or a braided pattern, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the layer not including the curling portion may include a straight line pattern, but is not limited thereto.

For example, the multi-layer structure may be formed of any combination of various patterns including the above-described straight line pattern, wave pattern, alternating pattern, coiling pattern, overlapping pattern, or braid pattern. As described above, when the output of the multi-layer structure is output through the eccentric discharge nozzle, the strain of the output can be significantly improved compared to the case of using a conventional central discharge nozzle.

In one specific example, the output unit may include a substrate made of any one material selected from the group consisting of paper, wood, metal, polymer, and combinations thereof.

The 3D printer may further include a driving unit that displaces the output unit in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the length of the driving unit is variable in the vertical direction, so that the position of the output unit is variable in the vertical direction.

In one specific example, the 3D printer may be a method using fused filament fabrication or fused deposition modeling.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a first nozzle unit and a second nozzle unit each including a nozzle for a 3D printer; A nozzle moving part for moving the first nozzle part and the second nozzle part in all directions; And 3D printing materials disposed under the first nozzle part and the second nozzle part and discharged from the nozzles for 3D printers of the respective first nozzle part and the second nozzle part, respectively, are stacked on the upper surface to produce a predetermined output. And an output unit, wherein at least one of the first nozzle unit and the second nozzle unit includes a nozzle for the 3D printer described above.

That is, as described above, while including a nozzle portion including a nozzle including an eccentric discharge port, and further including a nozzle portion, the 3D printing material discharged from the two nozzle portions, in accordance with a predetermined stacking order, the desired output By composition, a so-called 4D printer can be realized.

In one embodiment, i) one or more of the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion may include a central outlet, or ii) both the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion may include an eccentric outlet. For example, the first nozzle portion may include a central discharge port, and the second nozzle portion may include an eccentric discharge port. For example, the first nozzle portion may include an eccentric outlet, and the second nozzle portion may include a central outlet. For example, the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion may include an eccentric discharge port.

For example, the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion may be located on a plane parallel to the output portion. For example, the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion may be located on a plane that is not parallel to the output portion.

On the other hand, the structure of the 3D printer or the 4D printer, except for the nozzle for the 3D printer described above, and a method of manufacturing the same are known in the art, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be described in detail through experiments.

Experimental Example 1

Except for forming the output using the conventional central outlet nozzle and the eccentric outlet nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention, after forming the output under the same conditions to produce tensile specimens, for each tensile specimen Tensile strength tests were performed. A graph showing the results of deformation through the tensile strength test is shown in FIG. 5.

Referring to FIG. 5, in comparison with a tensile specimen produced using a central discharge nozzle, in the case of a tensile specimen produced using an eccentric discharge nozzle, the relative pressure is obtained by fixing V _p among the manufacturing process parameters and changing V _t , By controlling the speed, patterns of various shapes can be made. In particular, compared to a straight line pattern, the coiling pattern may exhibit a strain of about 10 times or more.

Experimental Example 2

Multilayer structure (hereinafter, SS structure (hereinafter, S stands for Straight)) in which two layers are stacked in a straight line by using a conventional central outlet nozzle, and the first layer is laminated using a central outlet nozzle. Then, a second layer is laminated using an eccentric outlet nozzle (hereinafter, SC structure (hereinafter, C means Curly)), and a structure in which two layers are laminated using only an eccentric outlet (hereinafter, The outputs of the CC structure) are shown in Fig. 6. The images showing the cross sections of the outputs of the SS structure, the SC structure, and the CC structure are shown in Fig. 6. Specifically, Fig. 6(a) shows the SS structure, and 6(b) shows the SC structure, and FIG. 6(c) shows the CC structure.

In addition to the above outputs, a tensile test was performed on the outputs of the single-layer structure (hereinafter, S structure) implemented in the central outlet nozzle and the outputs of the single-layer structure (hereinafter, C structure) implemented in the eccentric outlet nozzle. As a result of the tensile test, a graph measuring strain of each output is shown in FIG. 7.

Referring to FIG. 7, among the outputs implemented in the central outlet nozzle, the S structure has a strain of 1.87% and the S-S structure has a strain rate of 2.42%. On the other hand, among the outputs implemented in the eccentric outlet nozzle, the C structure showed a strain of 3.92% and the C-C structure showed a strain of 3.94%. That is, in the case of the output material implemented in the eccentric outlet nozzle, it can be seen that both the single-layer and multi-layer structures exhibit a high strain, compared to the output materials implemented in the central outlet nozzle.

In particular, in the case of the S-C structure, it can be confirmed that the strain is 1.58%, which is lower than the S structure or the S-S structure.

Experimental Example 3

After lamination, the prints were prepared using polylactic acid (PLA), a thermoplastic material, as a 3D printing material so that the prints could react to heat. Using the properties of the thermoplastic material, the shape is increased to twice the length above the glass transition temperature of PLA and then the deformed shape is fixed below the glass transition temperature. Subsequently, when the glass transition temperature is exposed again, the deformed shape tries to return to the original shape, and at this time, different deformities may be induced depending on the material or structural characteristics. 8 is a result showing the effect of the serpentine pattern produced by the eccentric outlet nozzle in using these characteristics. 8(a) and 8(b) are images showing the result after deformation behavior by applying deformation to the outputs of the multi-layer structure implemented by the eccentric outlet nozzle. According to FIG. 8(a), in the case of SS combinations in which the patterns of the first layer and the second layer are all the same, when the heat is changed from 100 to 25 degrees, the relative deformation behavior is the same, so little change occurs, whereas FIG. 8(b) As in ), due to the difference between the strain rate of the straight line and the serpentine line, in the case of the SC combination, the deformation of C occurs much more, resulting in the shape being curled in the direction of the S layer.

Experimental Example 4

Each of the three-dimensional structures was implemented by forming an output under the same conditions, except that the outputs were formed using the conventional central outlet nozzle and the eccentric outlet nozzle according to one embodiment of the present invention. The image is shown in FIG. 9. Specifically, FIG. 9(a) shows a three-dimensional structure output using a central discharge nozzle, and FIG. 9(b) shows a three-dimensional structure output using an eccentric discharge nozzle.

Referring to FIG. 9(a), since a 3D structure output using a conventional central outlet nozzle is stacked with a gap inputted between layers during printing, the 3D structure has a relatively uniform surface shape. , And the surface area is not large.

On the other hand, referring to Figure 9 (b), the three-dimensional structure output by using the eccentric discharge nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface has a serpentine shape, a larger surface area compared to the conventional case Can have

In the case of the nozzle for 3D printer as described above and a 3D printer including the same, by including the discharge port as an eccentricity away from the center of the nozzle, the surface area of the output is increased so that curved lines of various shapes appear instead of straight when stacking the output. , It is possible to increase the strain rate, so that it is possible to realize an output of a super-material structure that exceeds the deformation limit of a 3D printing material. In particular, in the conventional material injection 3D printing system, the hardware can be configured only by replacing the nozzle structure, and by controlling the lamination conditions such as the position and relative speed of the nozzle outlet, the surface area and deformation limit of the output can be increased. Can be.

Claims (20)

As a nozzle for a 3D printer in which a predetermined 3D printing material is injected,
It is disposed on the bottom surface (bottom surface) of the nozzle, and includes an outlet through which the 3D printing material is injected,
The discharge port is arranged to be located eccentrically (decentaration) from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle, at least one nozzle unit including a nozzle for a 3D printer;
A nozzle moving part that moves the nozzle part in all directions; And
It is disposed under the nozzle portion, the output portion is a 3D printing material is discharged from the nozzle for 3D printer nozzles on the upper surface is laminated to produce a predetermined output; includes,
The ratio (V _t /V _p ) of the printing speed (V _t ) of the 3D printing material discharged from the nozzle to the printing speed (V _p ) required to form the predetermined output is 0.1 To 10 people, 3D printer. According to claim 1,
The discharge port is arranged to be positioned within a region of 1 μm to 100 cm in radius from the center of the bottom surface of the nozzle. According to claim 1,
The discharge port has a diameter in the range of 10 to 30% based on the diameter of the nozzle for the 3D printer, 3D printer. According to claim 1,
The outlet is circular, oval or polygonal, 3D printer. According to claim 1,
The bottom surface of the nozzle is a circular, elliptical or polygonal, 3D printer. According to claim 1,
The nozzle further includes a passage through which the 3D printing material passes,
The flow path is connected to the discharge port disposed on the bottom surface of the nozzle, a 3D printer. The method of claim 6,
The shape of the flow path is cylindrical, the vertical cross-section of the axis of rotation is a cylindrical or polyhedron, 3D printer. The method of claim 6,
The passage is connected to the discharge port in a direction orthogonal to the bottom surface of the nozzle, a 3D printer. The method of claim 6,
The passage is connected to the discharge port in a direction not perpendicular to the bottom surface of the nozzle, a 3D printer. The method of claim 6,
The flow path includes one or more bent parts, or a 3D printer. delete delete According to claim 1,
The predetermined output composition formed on the output unit includes at least one curling area, a 3D printer. According to claim 1,
The predetermined outputs formed on the output unit include a straight pattern, a wave pattern, an alternating pattern, a coiling pattern, an overlapping pattern, and a braided pattern ( braided pattern), a 3D printer. According to claim 1,
The 3D printer, which is a multi-layer structure formed by stacking two or more layers of the 3D printing material, is a predetermined output produced on the output unit. The method of claim 15,
The multilayer structure
i) Only a layer comprising at least one curling part is a stacked structure, or
ii) A 3D printer in which a layer comprising at least one curling part and a layer not including a curling part are stacked in a random order. According to claim 1,
And a driving unit for displacing the output unit in the vertical direction. According to claim 1,
3D printer, which is a method using fused filament fabrication or fused deposition modeling. According to claim 1,
A first nozzle part and a second nozzle part each including a nozzle for a 3D printer;
A nozzle moving part for moving the first nozzle part and the second nozzle part in all directions; And
Outputs arranged under the first nozzle part and the second nozzle part, and 3D printing materials discharged from the nozzles for 3D printers of the respective first nozzle part and the second nozzle part are respectively stacked on the upper surface. Including;
At least one of the first nozzle unit and the second nozzle unit is a nozzle unit including the nozzle for the 3D printer defined in claim 1, 3D printer. The method of claim 19,
i) at least one of the first nozzle portion and the second nozzle portion includes a central discharge port,
ii) The first nozzle part and the second nozzle part all include an eccentric outlet 3D printer.

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