KR102135746B1 - Sputum system - Google Patents

Abstract

In the sputum system, the sputum system includes a sputum duct 20 including a throttle device 21 and a sputum valve 19, and a sputum 1, the sputum 1 is a main duct assembly 15 ), an air pump assembly 2 and a control system 8, the main conduit assembly 15 comprising a blower 16 and a shutter valve 17; The air pump assembly 2 comprises a first air pump 6 and a second air pump 3; The control system 8 comprises a first sensor 12 and a micro control unit for measuring the pressure of the throttle device 21 portion; The micro-control unit determines whether the patient is in the aerobic or inhalation phase based on the pressure difference detected by the first sensor 12, and when proceeding with sputum, the first air pump 6 is a stool valve 19 To supply the gas to block the respiratory gas circuit, the second air pump 3 is controlled to supply gas to the throttle device 21, and the respirator does not stop operating in the sputum period. The sputum system presented in the present invention does not affect the normal operation of the respiratory system.

Description

Sputum system

The present invention relates to a medical nursing device, and specifically to a sputum system.

For respiratory failure caused by a variety of causes, respiratory problems are essential vital life support devices, including respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), severe acute pulmonary edema and asthma, respiratory failure and patients undergoing major surgery. For patients wearing respiratory, timely and effective removal of bile is very important, and if the phlegm in the respiratory tract is not discharged in time, sputum and sputum scabs are easily concentrated in the bronchial lumen to close the bronchial lumen, thus It severely affects the ventilation function of the patient, aggravates respiratory failure, and even leads to secondary pulmonary expansion. Bile fluid is also a breeding ground for germs, and bacteria cause infections in the patient's respiratory organs, making the patient more likely to develop respiratory pneumonia (VAP). However, patients with mechanical ventilation lose coughing ability, lung function is severely deteriorated, and due to causes such as respiratory muscle weakness, patients are often unable to speak on their own, so that secretion is significantly increased. On the other hand, patients with mechanical ventilation are in a state of majority consciousness disorder and general weakness, cough, sputum function is deteriorated, and the original respiratory system disease and respiratory failure worsen. Endotracheal intubation and tracheal incision damage the natural barrier of the throat, weakening the cleanliness of airway cilia, and weakening the reflex mechanisms of cough and sputum. Therefore, in patients with mechanical ventilation, continuously and efficiently removing the bile is a key to preventing airway obstruction and maintaining mechanical ventilation.

Conventional biliary aspiration method is to aspirate the phlegm through the biliary duct, which is inserted into the patient's airway through the trachea or tracheostomy using a microconduit, and through the continuous negative pressure aspiration in the microcatheter. Aspiration is taken out of the body. When the conduit approaches the secretion, the secretion is aspirated. However, the deficiencies of this method of biliary suction are clear, firstly, as an invasive biliary suction, the insertion and movement of the conduit easily damages the airways, and scars in the airways even increase the production of airway secretions. Will increase. In addition, it increases the risk of infection and bleeding because it adds to hypoxemia and cannot remove the bile in time. For most patients, this is a very painful experience.

Another way to remove airway secretions from a patient with mechanical ventilation is to use a common sputum, such as a coughassist from Philips, which, when sputating with the sputum, first, inhales up to one breath of air into the patient's lungs, and then into the lungs. By inhaling the inhaled air quickly and suddenly from the patient's lungs at a very high rate, the airflow can carry and carry secretions, and is intended to remove the patient's secretions by spilling at a very high flow rate from within the patient's airways To realize. Removal of secretions with these sputums is a method that substantially simulates sputum, which can be connected to the patient's airways through an endotracheal intubation, tracheostomy or mask. This sputum method is much better than the sputum suction of the sputum suction tube, and first, the sputum method is a non-invasive sputum suction. Second, the sputum is generated because it is a high-speed airflow that flows within the diameter and length of the entire airway of the patient, so it can act to remove secretions from the entire airway. The biliary aspiration of the biliary duct simply creates a low-velocity airflow inside the micro-conduit, and furthermore, due to the size limitation of the biliary tract, the biliary duct only needs access to a relatively large airway, a very small, more branched airway. There is no way to do it. In addition, due to the branch shape of the patient's left and right bronchial tubes, the bile duct is inserted into the patient's bronchus and should normally be inserted into the right airway at the time of biliary tract and does not proceed to biliary aspiration for the left airway. In the case of biliary aspiration, the absolute majority of the patient's respiratory organs do not come into contact with the biliary tract and aspirated air streams, but only a small amount of biliary fluid must be aspirated near the biliary tract. However, in the sputum of the sputum, secretions are removed entirely by airflow in the patient's airways.

However, there are also defects in the sputum, for example, when sputum is performed for a patient with mechanical ventilation, the sputum manipulation can be performed only when the ventilator of the respiratory tract and the patient are blocked and the sputum is connected to the patient. However, in patients with mechanical ventilation wearing a respiratory system, and even in patients with serious illness, frequent blocking of the respiratory and patient ventilation channels has the potential to exacerbate the disease. The sputum uses a periodic circulation to stop the patient's inspiration phase, which is likely to cause some problems, and for ventilated patients, the volume circulation or flow circulation mode is safer and more effective. In addition, the sputum does not have a positive end-expiratory function (PEEP), and the pressure in the sputum terminal airway is only approximately equal to the large pressure. However, exhalation positive pressure has a very important effect in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), non-psychiatric pulmonary edema, and pulmonary bleeding, and may also promote removal of bile. However, for patients with the above symptoms, the sputum is not suitable, and since the sputum does not have an alarm system mounted on the life support device, safety related to use cannot be guaranteed.

Traditional sputum sputum, regardless of inspiration or sputum, all use the same conduit, and the airflow during sputum contains the patient's secretions, which may contain large amounts of bacteria, which are accumulated and exposed in the gas pipeline. Since it is repeatedly in contact with the patient's intake air stream, it poses a risk of secondary infection to the patient.

In addition, both inspiration and sputum of the sputum use the same blower, and during inspiration and sputum, the blower faces air currents and bile containing bacteria, potentially using different blowers when different patients use the same sputum. It reduces the lifespan and increases the risk of cross-infection between different patients.

Patent WO2007054829 submits a sputum that works with the respiratory tract and removes airway secretions from the patient by assisting the patient's breathing and coughing, and the difference between the sputum and the Philips coughassist is that the gas source that provides positive pressure ventilation to the patient is more Is not using the blower inside the sputum, but using a respirator that provides mechanical ventilation to the patient. The patient's breathing and sputum use different pipelines, and each of the respiratory and sputum pipelines is equipped with a switch valve, and when normal ventilation is provided to the patient with the respiratory tract, the switch valve provided in the respiratory pipeline is open, and the sputum pipeline The provided switch valve is placed in a closed state. When the patient's inspiration is complete and soon enters the aerobic state, the valve on the sputum pipeline is opened, and the sputum begins sputum. After the sputum ends, the valve on the sputum duct is closed, the valve on the respiratory duct is opened, the patient enters the inspiratory state, and circulation proceeds in this way.

Compared to Philips' coughassist sputum, there is no need to desorption and detachment of the patient's and respiratory ducts during gestation, so the patient does not cease breathing. Moreover, for patients receiving respiratory PEEP treatment, temporary discontinuation is more disadvantageous, and PEEP is more favorable for sputum. In addition, the sputum of Philips can only proceed with sputum by removing the respiratory tract, and therefore, sputum cannot be removed in time because it can only proceed with sputum at certain stages. Patent WO2007054829 does not have a problem of detaching the respiratory tract and proceeding with sputum, so sputum can be performed immediately at any time. Since different pipelines are used for the intake and sputum of the patient, the risk of secondary infection is reduced, and the respirator and the negative pressure blower inside the sputum are respectively used for the positive pressure ventilation and negative pressure sputum of the patient, so crossing between patients Prevents infection and improves the service life of the blower.

However, the WO2007054829 invention still has a number of problems in practice, such as excessive noise, poor heat dissipation, affecting the operation of the respiratory system in sputum, even alarming, and hidden dangers in the safety of the system. And, there are problems such as relatively insufficient clinical adaptability. The present invention effectively solves the problems present in the WO2007054829 invention, is a process implementation of the block diagrammatic approach of the invention, further refines, enriches and improves the WO2007054829 patent.

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention presents a sputum system, the sputum system includes a sputum machine and a sputum pipeline,

The sputum conduit includes a throttle device and a sac valve, the sac valve is a bidirectional valve, one port is a respirator port connected to the respirator through a throttle device, and the other port is divided into two branches, one for connecting to the sputum Is the sputum port, the other is the patient port that connects to the patient,

The sputum includes a main conduit assembly, an air pump assembly and a control system, the main conduit assembly includes a blower that generates negative pressure and a shutter valve that opens when proceeding with the sputum, and the air pump assembly proceeds with gas supply to the throat valve It includes a first air pump and a second air pump for gas supply to the throttle device, the control system controls the main conduit assembly and the air pump assembly, the control system is a first for measuring the pressure of the throttle device portion Includes 1 sensor and micro control unit,

The micro-control unit determines whether the patient is in the aerobic phase or the inhalation phase based on the pressure difference detected by the first sensor, and when the patient is in the transition from the inspiration phase to the exhalation phase, the micro-control unit is the first The air pump is controlled to supply gas to the sac of the sac valve to block the gas circuit from the respirator port to the patient port, and the control system activates the blower and shutter valve to assist the patient's sputum. The second air pump is controlled to supply gas to the throttle device, and the respirator does not stop working during the sputum period.

The sputum system presented in the present invention can be operated fully automatically, and when used in cooperation with a respirator, there is no need to stop the respirator and does not affect the normal operation of the respirator.

1 is a principle diagram of a fully automatic sputum system gas circuit of the present invention.
2 is a stress analysis diagram of the stool valve.
3 is a gas circuit connection diagram of a gas circuit assembly.

Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Figure 1 shows the gas circuit principle of the fully automatic sputum system of the present invention in relative detail. Here, the fully automatic sputum system is composed of two parts, that is, the sputum machine 1 and the sputum pipeline 20. The sputum pipeline 20 is a one-time article and may be made of, for example, medical plastic.

The main function of the sputum (1) is to generate sound pressure of high-speed airflow and monitor the data of the overall system such as pressure, flow rate, tidal volume, time, and analyze, judge, and calculate according to the monitoring results. By doing so, effective control of the system is triggered, and sputum is triggered and stopped.

As a core component of the sputum duct 20, a throttle device 21 and a sputum valve 19 are provided, and the sputum duct 20 forms a gas circuit communication between the patient, the respiratory tract and the sputum 1, It provides an interface to proceed with data collection with various pressure sensors and flow sensors, and completes gas circuit switching between the respiratory-patient and sputum-patient under the control of the sputum 1.

Specifically, a connection port (A) and a connection port (B) are provided above the throttle device (21) of the sputum pipeline (20). The connection port (A) is connected to the second air pump (3) of the air pump assembly (2) (described in detail below) in the sputum (1), the second air pump (3) is the connection port (A) For the gas supply can proceed. The connection port (B) is connected to the third air pump (5) of the air pump assembly (2) in the sputum (1), the third air pump (5) can proceed to supply gas to the connection port (B) have. On the other hand, the connection ports (A, B) are respectively connected to two input ports of the pressure difference sensor 12 (first sensor) in the sputum 1 to constitute a substantial pressure difference flow meter. Optionally, the connection port (A) is connected to the pressure sensor 12, and the connection port (B) is connected to the pressure sensor 11 (second sensor), using these two sensors respectively, these two ports By detecting the pressure of, the pressure sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 11 are configured to construct a substantial pressure difference flow meter.

The throat valve 19 is one bidirectional valve, and the first port is a respiratory port connected to the respiratory system through the other end of the throttle device 21, and the second port is 2-1 port and 2-2 port. Although divided, the 2-1 port is a sputum port connected to the sputum 1 and the 2-2 port is configured as a patient port connected to a patient.
The passages of the respirator port and the patient port are normally open, and are intended to allow the respirator to transport gas to the patient, but the gas circuit can be closed by the sac valve 19. The closed implementation method installs a single sac in the sac valve 19 to increase the volume when the sac is filled with gas and expands, thereby closing the valve port, thereby blocking the gas circuit of the respiratory-patient. . The passage between the sputum port and the patient port is normally open, but since the shutter valve 17 is normally closed, the ventilator does not affect the gas supply to the patient, and the shutter valve 17 is opened only when the sputum is operated. When the sputum is operated, the gas circuit is filled in the stool inside the sac valve 19 to close the gas circuit of the respiratory-patient, thereby not affecting the operation of the sputum. After the sputum is completed, the shutter valve 17 is closed, and the vesicle inside the vesicle valve 19 exhausts gas to reduce the vesicle volume, thereby creating a relatively large gap between the valve port and the vesicle, allowing airflow to pass through. By this, the function of communicating the gas circuit is realized. On the other hand, the throat valve 19 proceeds to supply gas to the first air pump 6 of the air pump assembly 2 in the sputum 1, and the gas supply of the first air pump 6 is a gas circuit assembly ( It is controlled by a solenoid valve 4 in 22) (described in detail below).

Preferably, when the sac valve 19 discharges gas, the gas in the sac valve 19 is not discharged into the atmosphere, but is discharged into the main respiratory duct, where the space in the sac valve 19 is directly in contact with the atmosphere. When communicating with, there is a possibility of causing a negative pressure environment in the main respiratory tract due to spontaneous breathing of some patients, and breathing with a relatively soft and thin sac valve 19 under the action of the pressure difference between the large pressure and the negative pressure in the main respiratory tract. This is because there is a possibility of blocking the duct or narrowing the respiratory tract, which threatens the patient's life (see Fig. 2). In addition, after each sputum, the gas discharged from the duct valve 19 is added to the patient port (Fig. Sweeping may be performed on the measurement and control conduits of the pressure sensor 9 (third sensor) that detects the pressure of the C position in 1), so that water droplets or sputum in the measurement and control conduits of the sensor can be used for operation of the sensor. It can be prevented from affecting.

A detailed description of the sputum 1 will be given below, where the sputum 1 is composed of five assemblies, an air pump assembly 2, a gas circuit assembly 22, and a main conduit assembly ( 15), a control system 8 and a noise reduction system 18.

The air pump assembly 2 comprises three micro air pumps, a first air pump 6, a second air pump 3 and a third air pump 5. The first air pump 6 proceeds to supply gas to the sac of the sac valve 19. The second air pump 3 proceeds gas supply to the connection port A of the throttle device 21, and the third air pump 5 supplies gas to the connection port B of the throttle device 21 To proceed. The second air pump 3 and the third air pump 5 have the following two actions, and one action is to prevent the respiratory system from sending an alert when the sputum is operating normally. Since the gas circuit of the respiratory tract is blocked after sputum has started, the gas exhaled by the patient does not enter the respiratory circuit of the respiratory tract, so the respiratory system is falsely alerted to the patient's suffocation, bronchial deviation, or other abnormal condition Will be shipped. The second air pump 3 and the third air pump 5 provide airflow at a sufficient flow rate at this time, so that the respirator is alerted by passing through the throttle device 21 to enter the aerobic circuit passage of the respirator and sweeping. To prevent shipping. In addition to preventing the respirator from sending an alarm, the respirator must be connected in series with a humidifier in the conduit in order to ensure the wetness of the air or oxygen inhaled by the patient in actual use, and thus, The water in the liquid state of the condensed from time to time, the gas exhaled by the patient also contains moisture, and in the process of aspirating the bile for the patient, there is a possibility that the aspirated bile adheres to or adheres to the conduit. Silver is very disadvantageous for accurately detecting signals with various sensors, and in particular, water or immersion in a liquid state accumulates in a micro-pipe for measurement and control. Therefore, the second action of the second air pump 3 and the third air pump 5 is periodically performed by sweeping the pipeline between the pressure sensor 11, the differential pressure sensor 12 and the throttle device 21. , To prevent the effect of liquid water or liquid on the operation of the sensor. Here, the power unit that generates the sweeping airflow is not limited to an air pump and a mini air compressor, and a high pressure storage tank that stores a blower or gas may be used, and the above-described power unit or energy storage unit may be used alone or in multiple units. Alternatively, it may be used in combination, or may be replaced by sweeping by collecting the gas emitted from the blower and blowing it back into the aerobic circuit of the respirator. In this embodiment, two high-pressure air pumps, that is, second air Gas is supplied in parallel using the pump 3 and the third air pump 5 to satisfy the instantaneous large flow rate demand. Alternatively, the gas supply may be simultaneously performed to the connection port A and the connection port B of the throttle device 21 using one air pump.

The function of the gas circuit assembly 22 is to complete the gas circuit communication between the sputum 1 and the sputum pipeline 20 and to control the connection, and the key assembly of the gas circuit assembly 22 is the solenoid valve 4 . The solenoid valve is preferably a two-position three-way, but is not limited to a two-position three-way, for example, a two-position two-way, four-way, five-way, three-position solenoid valve and the like. The solenoid valve (4) controls the first air pump (6), the action of the first air pump (6) supplies gas to the throat valve (19) under the control of a two-position three-way solenoid valve (4) Is to exhaust the gas. The gas circuit assembly 22 may further include another two-position three-way solenoid valve 7, which corresponds to a spare solenoid valve, and performs a double security protection, that is, a two-position three-way solenoid valve If a failure occurs in (4), the gas inside the sac valve 19 cannot be discharged and the respiratory duct cannot communicate, so if mechanical ventilation cannot be performed for the patient, a two-position three-way solenoid valve ( 7) Power is supplied to open, and gas in the sac valve 19 is discharged.

The main conduit assembly 15 includes a shutter valve 17, a mass flow meter 14, a pressure sensor 13 (a fifth sensor) and a blower 16. Preferably, since the negative pressure blower 16 is operated to generate high-decibel rotational noise and vortex noise when emitting gas, the main conduit assembly 15 reduces noise to effectively reduce the impact of noise on the environment. System 18 is further included. The blower 16 generates sound pressure required for sputum at the front end. The pressure sensor 13 detects the pressure generated at the front end of the blower 16 in real time and transmits it to the control system 8. The blower 16 may be, for example, a centrifugal blower or an axial flow blower, but is not limited to the blower and includes all power units capable of generating negative pressure, such as a vacuum pump and a vacuum generator. The mass flow meter 14 detects the suction flow rate at the time of sputum and provides it to the control system 8, so that the case where the suction flow rate is close to 0 is detected or the shutter valve 17 is sent to the control system 8 according to demand. To close the sputum circuit. The mass flow meter 14 may be any other type of mass flow meter, such as a differential pressure type, a heat storage type, a turbine type, an ultrasonic type, and is preferably a differential pressure type mass flow meter or a heat storage type mass flow meter. The shutter valve 17 is normally closed, and is opened by the control system 8 only when the sputum is operated. In addition, it is quickly opened and closed, has the function of implementing airflow fluctuations, and can improve the sputum effect.

The control system 8 consists of a micro control unit, a human-machine interface (to set the parameters of a fully automatic sputum system), and various pressure or pressure difference sensors. The control system 8 collects various parameters collected by the sensor, and controls the output of other parts (for example, the shutter valve 17 and the solenoid valve 4) and human-machine interaction.

The control system 8 includes a pressure sensor 11 and a pressure sensor 12, the pressure sensor 11 and the pressure sensor 12 monitor the pressure and pressure difference on both sides of the throttle device 21 in real time, That is, the pressure sensor 11 detects the pressure of the connection port A portion of the throttle device 21, and the pressure sensor 12 detects the pressure of the connection port B portion of the throttle device 21, Data is transferred to the micro control unit. As described above, it is also possible to detect the pressures of the connection port A and the connection port B, respectively, with only one pressure difference sensor 12. Monitoring the pressure of the throttle device 21 with the pressure sensor 11 and the pressure sensor 12 is for judging whether the patient is in the inhalation phase or the exhalation phase, and prepares the data for operating the sputum. Is to proceed.

Preferably, the control system 8 further comprises a pressure sensor 9, which detects in real time the pressure of the patient port portion (position C in FIG. 1) of the sac valve 19. Thus, the data is transferred to the micro control unit.

In fact, what the pressure sensor 9 and the pressure sensor 11 detect is the pressure on both sides of the sac valve 19, and with respect to the pressure difference on both sides, in the normal breathing stage, the pressure values on both sides of the sac valve 19 are previously set. If it is larger than the set limit value (for example, a 5cm water column), the micro control unit sends an alarm, which means that when the solenoid valve 4 becomes ineffective, the throat valve 19 is not activated and thus cannot exhaust gas. If the protective solenoid valve 7 is also unable to cause the sac valve to discharge gas, it will cause clogging of the respiratory tract and will not be able to supply gas to the patient, in which case the control system 8 will send an alarm In other words, the operator is notified of the system immediately, thereby providing triple protection to the patient.

Preferably, the control system 8 preferably further comprises a pressure sensor 10 (fourth sensor), the pressure sensor 10 being a pressure for detecting the pressure of the outlet portion of the first air pump 6 It is a sensor 10. The pressure sensor 10 may be installed between the first air pump 6 and the solenoid valve 4 or between the solenoid valve 4 and the throat valve 19. When the outlet pressure of the first air pump 6 is excessive, it is blocked, and one gas storage tank is added as a first method among them to prevent the motor from being incinerated or the vesicles of the throat valve 19 to burst. A small hole is provided on the tank to release gas slowly, thereby preventing excessive air pump pressure. More preferably, a pressure sensor 10 (fourth sensor) is additionally installed at the outlet portion of the first air pump 6, and according to the outlet pressure of the first air pump 6, the pressure sensor is used. 1 By automatically adjusting the rotational speed of the air pump 6 (i.e., if the air pump outlet pressure is low, increase the rotational speed of the air pump, and if the outlet pressure is high, decrease or stop the rotational speed of the pump) , The output port of the first air pump (6) maintains one constant pressure to ensure the safety of the air pump. In addition, the volume of the device is reduced to reduce energy consumption, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

3 shows an exemplary connection relationship diagram of the gas circuit assembly 22. The gas circuit assembly 22 further includes 10 joints, ie, the first joint 207, the second joint 206, the third joint 204, the fourth joint 203, and the fifth joint 258 ), the sixth joint 205, and four joints connected to the sputum pipeline 20, that is, the seventh joint 226, the eighth joint 228, the ninth joint 229 and the tenth joint 230 ).

Specifically, the first joint 207 has one end connected to the second air pump 3, and one end connected to the seventh joint 226, to the A port of the throttle device 21 in the sputum pipeline 20. Connected, the compressed air output from the second air pump 3 is output to the A port of the throttle device 21 via the first joint 207 and the seventh joint 226, and the second air pump 3 Implements blowing gas to port A. The second joint 206 communicates with one input port of the pressure difference sensor 12 and implements collecting pressure data of the A port on the throttle device 21 with the pressure difference sensor 12 via a corresponding path. . The third joint 204 communicates with another input port of the pressure difference sensor 12 (or communicates with the pressure sensor 11), and the third joint 204 throttle device through the ninth joint 229 It is connected to the B port of (21), and implements collecting pressure data of the B port on the throttle device 21 with the pressure difference sensor 12 via a corresponding path. Similarly, the fourth joint 203 is in communication with the third air pump 5, and is connected to the B port of the throttle device 21 in the sputum pipeline 20 through the ninth joint 229, the third air pump (5) implements blowing gas to port B.

The fifth joint 258 connects the first air pump 6 and the first port of the solenoid valve 4 ((1) in FIG. 3 ). The eighth joint 228 has one end connected to the sac valve 19 and the other end connected to the second port of the solenoid valve 4 ((2) in FIG. 3) and the first port of the solenoid valve 7 do. The sixth joint 205 has one end connected to the third port (3) in FIG. 3 of the solenoid valve 4 and the other end to connect the third sensor 9. The tenth joint 230 has one end connected to the (3) port of the solenoid valve 4 and the third center 9 and the other end to the respiratory tract of the respiratory tract, i.e. the patient port C. Practically, the sixth joint 205 is connected to the respiratory duct of the respiratory tract through the tenth joint 230 so that the pressure sensor 9 can monitor the pressure adjacent to the patient side of the main respiratory tract. It is very advantageous to detect the pressure at this position and can be used as a basis for determining whether the main respiratory tract is blocked as described above. The compressed air output from the first air pump 6 enters the solenoid valve 4 through the (1) port of the solenoid valve 4 via the fifth joint 258.

When power is shut off to the solenoid valve 4, as shown in Fig. 3, the port (1) is closed, and the gas circuit is thereby blocked. After power is supplied to the solenoid valve 4, the port (1) and the port (2) are in communication, and the air flow comes out of the port (2) of the solenoid valve 4, and through the eighth joint 228, the duct valve It is in direct communication with (19), so that the first air pump (6) can realize gas filling for the sac valve (19) through the power supply to the solenoid valve (4), and the sac valve (19) This is closed and implements a blockage to the respiratory tract (see Figure 2). If there is a need for the outlet valve 19 to release gas, the power to the solenoid valve 4 is cut off to connect the (2) port and the (3) port of the solenoid valve 4, and the outlet valve 19 The gas in the sac of is discharged through the eighth joint 228, the (2) port of the solenoid valve 4, and the (3) port of the solenoid valve 4 to reach the tenth joint 230, Since the tenth joint 230 is connected to one pressure collection port adjacent to the patient side of the disposable sputum conduit 20, the gas discharged from the saccular valve 19 finally enters the main respiratory conduit via the corresponding port. The gas discharged from the stool valve 19 is not discharged to the atmosphere, but the reason for discharge in the main respiratory tract has already been described above.

As described above, the action of the solenoid valve 7 is that when the solenoid valve 4 fails to switch for any reason, the stool valve 19 is unable to release gas, which causes the respiratory tract to predict. The solenoid valve 7 is capable of releasing gas in the sac in time, thereby ensuring patient safety, the operation of which, if the solenoid valve 4 is powered off, the main system It detects that the sac valve 19 does not emit gas, and supplies power to the solenoid valve 7, so that the gas in the sac valve 19 passes through the eighth joint 228 to remove the solenoid valve 7 Entering port 1 (<1>> in FIG. 3), at this time, the solenoid valve 7 communicates with the first port and the second port (<2>> in FIG. 3) as power is supplied, and the gas is a solenoid. It is discharged from the second port of the valve 7, and through the tenth joint 230, enters the main respiratory duct through the patient pressure detection port, thereby completing the gas discharge of the saccular valve. As described above, the sputum system of the present invention can be operated in an automatic mode, that is, when an operator (usually a medical staff) sets one time interval and reaches the time, the fully automatic sputum enters the standby state , The system detects whether the patient meets the sputum condition, and if so, starts sputum. The other mode of operation is the manual mode, in which the operator is typically a patient with a certain ability of activity, and does not speak immediately after the patient presses the manual sputum button, but likewise the fully automatic sputum is when the patient's inspiration is complete. Until the patient enters the waiting state, and only if the patient's breathing condition satisfies the sputum condition, the sputum begins sputum. Sputum is not unconditional, and if the sputum is forcibly performed when certain conditions are not satisfied, there is a possibility that not only the expected effect is not reached but also the patient may be harmed.

Referring to FIG. 1, when sputum does not proceed, the control system 8 monitors the pressure of the throttle device 21 collected by the pressure sensor 11 and the pressure difference sensor 12 and monitors the intake air flow rate. . At this time, the gas bag valve 19 is not filled with gas and is always in communication, and the shutter valve 17 is of a normally closed type. The respirator continuously mechanically ventilates the patient according to the set breathing frequency. The onset of sputum can be triggered manually by the patient or at a time interval (eg, 5 minutes) set by the sputum operator. The sputum process is as follows.

1, after the sputum is started, the control system 8 operates the blower 16 inside the sputum 1, the expected sound pressure is generated in the pipeline between the blower 16 and the shutter valve 17, and the sound pressure is Between -10 cmH2O and -200 cmH2O, preferably between -50 cmH2O and -150 cmH2O, more preferably between -60 cmH2O and -120 mH2O. At this time, since the shutter valve 17 is closed, it has no effect on the patient's mechanical gas communication. Since the pressure sensor 13 detects the pressure of the blower in real time and transmits it to the control system 8, the control system 8 can adjust the pressure of the blower 16.

2, the pressure sensor 11 inside the control system 8 monitors the pressure in the connection port (A) part of the throttle device 21 in real time, and the pressure difference sensor 12 connects the throttle device 21 The pressure in the port (B) part is monitored in real time, data is transmitted to the micro control unit, the micro control unit calculates the real-time flow rate and pressure in the sputum pipeline 20, and determines whether the patient is in the inhalation phase or the exhalation phase. Analyzing and judging, capturing the intake completion, and at the point of transition of the person's exhalation to start exhalation, the control system 8 activates the first air pump 6 when the patient is at this point of transition, so that the two-position three-way Power is supplied to the solenoid valve 4, the gas circuit of the first air pump 6 and the sac valve 19 is connected to charge gas to the sac valve 19, and the sac valve 19 is closed. The respiratory valve provided to the patient is blocked, and almost simultaneously, the normally closed shutter valve 17 is quickly opened by the control system 8 to communicate the negative pressure pipeline of the blower 16 with the patient's gas passage. This causes rapid and sudden aerobic airflow, which causes the patient's lungs to eject from the inside. As demonstrated by the relevant practical and theoretical studies, if the flow rate is greater than 170L/Min, efficient sputum can be conducted, and this flow rate is almost equal to that of a normal human cough. At this time, since the throat valve 19 is closed, the respirator is not exposed under the negative pressure of the blower, but in a respirator equipped with a function to detect the exhalation flow rate of some patients, there is a possibility that such a respirator may generate an alarm, Therefore, at the moment when the throat valve 19 is closed, the second air pump 3 and the third air pump 5 in the air pump assembly 2 also start operating at the same time, and the generated gases are respectively throttle devices ( 21) through the connecting port (A) and the connecting port (B) enters the respiratory duct and flows into the aerobic circuit of the respiratory tract, thereby replacing the patient's aerobic airflow, thereby preventing the respiratory alert.

3, the gas flowing out of the patient's lungs is discharged to the atmosphere via the shutter valve 17, the mass flow meter 14, the blower 16, and the noise reduction system 18. The mass flow meter 14 detects the patient's expiratory flow rate, transmits data to the micro control unit, and when the patient's expiratory flow rate is detected to be close to 0, the micro control unit closes the shutter valve 17, and , 2 position three-way solenoid valve (4) to cut off the power to start the gas discharge of the stool valve (19), the gas inside of which enters the patient's main respiratory duct via the 3-way solenoid valve, Thereby, the throat valve 19 is opened to communicate with the respiratory tract and the patient, wherein the patient starts inhalation, the respiratory tract is triggered, and the patient continues to perform normal mechanical ventilation as before sputum, at this time one sputum Indicates that it has already been completed.

In theory, when the patient's expiratory flow rate approaches 0, sputum is stopped, but assembly such as shutter valves and slit valves requires response time, so if a command is sent again when the expiratory flow rate approaches 0, it causes over pumping. Therefore, there is a possibility of threatening the life of the patient, and therefore, in the actual operation process, the shutter valve and the bulb valve must be closed in advance, and the gas flow rate passing through the shutter valve 17 with the mass flow meter 14 When it is detected that a value lower than the preset limit value, the micro control unit closes the shutter valve 17, and the ideal value of the preset limit value can be adjusted according to the hardware device of the sputum pipeline and the physiological characteristics of the patient, for example , In general, it can be set to 17L/Min or more.

In addition, in patients requiring ventilation treatment with a high PEEP (exhalation positive pressure) value such as respiratory distress syndrome, the closing of the shutter valve may proceed more in advance, and thus, the pressure in the patient's lungs continues after sputum is completed. Thus, to maintain a higher pressure, to prevent lung atrophy collapse, the pre-closed flow rate value may be greater than 17 L/MIN. This is also an important reason that the sputum system can be applied more broadly to various diseases than the above-mentioned Philips coughassist in the background section.

As the above processes are continuously repeated, the patient's airway secretions can be gradually discharged from the deep lung to the outside of the body, and then, the bile is collected through a bile collection device equipped with a negative pressure suction function, and medical staff regularly discard or remove it. Do it.

As described above, the system can be operated in automatic mode, i.e., the operator, usually the medical staff, sets one time interval, and when the time is reached, the fully automatic sputum enters the standby state and starts the blower , The system detects whether the patient meets the sputum condition, and if so, starts sputum. The other mode of operation is the manual mode, in which the operator is typically a patient with constant activity capability, and does not start sputum immediately after the patient presses the manual sputum button, likewise a fully automatic sputum is to complete the patient's inspiration. Until it enters the standby state, the blower is started, and the sputum starts sputum only if the sputum condition is met before the patient starts breathing.

The above-described embodiments are merely more preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, and ordinary changes and exchanges carried out by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention are all included within the protection scope of the present invention. .

Claims (10)

delete Sputum (1); And
It comprises a sputum conduit (20) forming a gas circuit communication between the patient, respiratory and sputum (1),
The sputum pipeline 20,
A throttle device 21 having one end connected to the respirator and the other end arranged toward the patient, and formed a connection port (A) and a connection port (B) from one end to the other;
It is made of a bi-directional valve, and the first port is a respiratory port connected to the respiratory system through the other end of the throttle device 21, and the second port is divided into 2-1 port and 2-2 port, but the second- 1 port is a sputum port connected to the sputum (1) and the 2-2 port is a sputum valve (19) consisting of a patient port connected to the patient;
The sputum (1),
A shutter valve 17 that is connected to the 2-2 port of the stool valve 19 and opens when proceeding with sputum, and a blower 16 disposed at the rear of the shutter valve 17 and generating sound pressure at the front end A main conduit assembly 15 including;
A first air pump (6) connected to the throat valve (19) for gas supply and a second air pump (3) connected to a connection port (A) of the throttle device (21) for gas supply And an air pump assembly 2 including a third air pump 5 connected to a connection port B of the throttle device 21 to proceed with gas supply;
A first sensor (12) for measuring the pressure of the connection port (A) and the connection port (B) of the throttle device (21) and detecting the pressure difference between the mall connection port (A) and the connection port (B); A control system comprising a second sensor (11) for measuring the pressure in the connection port (B) of the throttle device (21), and a micro control unit for controlling the main conduit assembly (15) and the air pump assembly (2). (8);
The micro control unit determines whether the patient is in an aerobic phase or an inhalation phase based on the pressure difference between the connection port A and the connection port B detected by the first sensor 12, and the patient is inhaled When in the transition from step to aerobic step, the micro control unit controls the first air pump 6 to supply gas to the bag of the sac valve 19 to block the gas circuit from the respiratory port to the patient port In addition, the control system 8 supports the patient's sputum by operating the blower 16 and the shutter valve 17. In addition, the micro control unit controls the second air pump 3 to throttle the device 21 ), and the respiratory system does not stop working during the sputum period. According to claim 2,
A gas circuit assembly comprising a solenoid valve (4) connected between the first air pump (6) and the sac valve (19) to control intake and exhaust of the sac valve (19) and controlled by the micro control unit (22) Sputum system further comprises a. According to claim 2,
The control system 8 further comprises a third sensor 9 for detecting the pressure of the patient port portion of the sac valve 19, and the micro control unit comprises a second sensor 11 and a third sensor 9 When the pressure difference between the detected pressure is greater than a preset threshold value, the sputum system, characterized in that the micro-control unit sounds an alarm. According to claim 2,
The main conduit assembly 15 further includes a flow meter 14 for detecting the gas flow rate passing through the shutter valve 17, but when the gas flow rate detected by the flow meter 14 is lower than a preset threshold, the micro The control unit confirms the completion of the sputum and closes the shutter valve 17, wherein the preset threshold is greater than zero. The method of claim 5,
The main conduit assembly 15 further includes a fifth pressure sensor 13 for detecting the pressure generated at the front end of the blower 16, wherein the micro-control unit is the pressure detected by the fifth pressure sensor 13 Sputum system characterized in that to adjust the rotational speed of the blower (16). According to claim 3,
Aircraft circuit assembly 22 includes first joint 207, second joint 206, third joint 204, fourth joint 203, fifth joint 258, sixth joint 205, and 7 joint 226, the eighth joint 228, the ninth joint 229 and the tenth joint 230 further comprises,
Here, the first joint 207, one end is connected to the second air pump 3, the other end is connected to the connection port (A) of the throttle device 21 through the seventh joint 226,
The second joint 206 is connected to the first sensor 12,
The third joint 204 is connected to the second sensor 11,
The fourth joint 203 has one end connected to the third air pump 5, the other end connected to the connection port B of the throttle device 21 through the ninth joint 229,
The fifth joint 258 has one end connected to the first air pump 6, the other end connected to the first port of the solenoid valve 4,
The sixth joint 205 has one end connected to the third port of the solenoid valve 4 and the other end connected to the third sensor 9,
The eighth joint 228 has one end connected to the sac of the sac valve 19 and the other end to the second port of the solenoid valve 4,
The tenth joint 230 is a sputum system, characterized in that one end is connected to the third port and the third sensor (9) of the solenoid valve (4) and the other end is connected to the respiratory tract of the respiratory system. The method of claim 7,
The gas circuit assembly 22 further includes a preliminary solenoid valve 7, wherein the first port of the solenoid valve 7 is further connected to the other end of the eighth joint 228, and the first of the solenoid valve 7 The second port is connected to the tenth joint 230, and after power is supplied to the solenoid valve 7, the first port and the second port of the solenoid valve 7 communicate with each other, and the throat valve 19 Gas in the sputum of the sputum system, characterized in that the discharge through the eighth joint 228 and the tenth joint (230). The method of claim 8,
The sixth joint 205 is connected to the respiratory duct of the respiratory tract through the tenth joint 230, and the gas in the throat of the throat valve 19 is discharged through the respiratory tract of the respiratory sputum system. . According to claim 4,
The control system 8 is further installed in the outlet portion of the first air pump 6 further comprises a fourth sensor 10 for detecting the pressure in the outlet portion of the first air pump 6, the micro-control Based on the pressure detected by the fourth sensor 10, the unit adjusts the rotational speed of the first air pump 6 using a PWM method so that the first air pump 6 outputs a static pressure. Sputum system characterized by.

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