KR102132484B1 - Absorbent of radioactive material and method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an adsorbent for radioactive materials that adsorb deuterium and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water and purify the contaminated water. The adsorbent of the radioactive material according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a polymer containing a functional group for hydrogen bonding and a solvent in which the polymer is dispersed.

Description

Absorbent of radioactive material and method of the same

The present invention relates to an adsorbent of a radioactive material that adsorbs deuterium and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water and purifies contaminated water, and a method for manufacturing the same, and hydrogen bonds deuterium and tritium water to form strong hydrogen bonds. The present invention relates to an adsorbent for radioactive substances captured by functional groups and a method for manufacturing the same.

Typical isotopes of hydrogen (H) include deuterium (Deuterium) having an atomic weight of 2 and usually denoted by the elemental symbol D, and tritium (tritium, Tritium) having an atomic weight of 3 and usually denoted by the elemental symbol T. ).

Tritium water refers to water (HTO, T ₂ O, DTO, etc.) substituted with tritium, either or both of the two hydrogens constituting the water molecule (H ₂ O).

Unlike deuterium, tritium is a radioactive isotope that emits beta rays, so tritiated water containing it is a radioactive material that emits radiation.

Among the nuclear power plants in Korea, particularly in pressurized heavy water reactors that use heavy water as moderators and coolants, tritiated water inevitably occurs. In addition, because Hanaro facility, the only research reactor in Korea, uses heavy water as a reactor reflector, tritium water is generated.

When tritium water leaks into the air, it is evaporated and easily mixed with ordinary water (hard water, H ₂ O) vapors in the air, and it is very harmful to the human body if a person breathes air in this state. Therefore, it is necessary to remove deuterium water and tritium water contained in contaminated water.]

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1630160

Conventionally, a process used to remove tritium water contained in contaminated water has been separated through distillation and electrolysis. This method was inefficient and needed a technique to separate tritium water and the like in an easier way.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an adsorbent for a radioactive material capable of removing deuterium water and tritium water, which are radioactive materials, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention, claims and drawings.

The adsorbent of a radioactive material that adsorbs deuterium water and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water according to an embodiment of the present invention to achieve the above-described problem and purifies contaminated water includes a functional group that performs hydrogen bonding. And a solvent in which the polymer is dispersed.

The functional group may hydrogen bond with the deuterium water and tritium water.

By the hydrogen bond, deuterium water and tritium water are captured in the polymer.

The functional group for hydrogen bonding is -COOH, -OH, -NH ₂ .

The polymer includes polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyamide, polyacrylamide (polyacrylamide), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, poly It is any one selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polyester, polyvinylidene chloride and polysiloxane.

The solvent is 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-methl-2-pyrrolidone; NMP), acetone (acetone), ethanol (ethanol), n-propanol (n-propanol), n-butanol (n-buranol) ), n-hexane, cyclohexanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene (xylene) xylene), and water (water).

A method of preparing a radioactive material adsorbent for adsorbing deuterium and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water according to another embodiment of the present invention for purifying contaminated water to achieve the problems to be solved is a hydrogen-bonded functional group It may include the step of synthesizing a polymer containing a, dissolving the polymer in a solvent to form a polymer solution, and processing the polymer solution.

The functional group hydrogen bonds with the deuterium water and tritium water.

By the hydrogen bonding, the deuterium water and tritium water are captured in the polymer.

The functional group for hydrogen bonding is -COOH, -OH, -NH ₂ .

The polymer includes polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyamide, polyacrylamide (polyacrylamide), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, poly It is any one selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polyester, polyvinylidene chloride and polysiloxane.

The solvent is 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-methl-2-pyrrolidone; NMP), acetone (acetone), ethanol (ethanol), n-propanol (n-propanol), n-butanol (n-buranol) ), n-hexane, cyclohexanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene (xylene) xylene), and water (water).

The step of processing the polymer solution may include forming a hydrogel containing the polymer by gelling the polymer solution.

The step of processing the polymer solution may include forming a bead containing the polymer by gelling the polymer solution.

The present invention relates to an adsorbent of a radioactive material that adsorbs deuterium and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water and purifies contaminated water, and a method for manufacturing the same, and in accordance with the present invention, deuterium water that forms strong hydrogen bonds An adsorbent for a radioactive material that captures tritium water as a hydrogen-bonding functional group, and a method for manufacturing the same are provided.

1 shows a process of separating deuterium water and tritium water from contaminated water using an adsorbent of a radioactive material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a radioactive material adsorbent according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them will be clarified with reference to embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various different forms, and only the present embodiments allow the disclosure of the present invention to be complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully inform the holder of the scope of the invention, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Hereinafter, specific contents for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals refer to the same components regardless of the drawings, and "and/or" includes each and every combination of one or more of the mentioned items.

The terminology used herein is for describing the embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. In the present specification, the singular form also includes the plural form unless otherwise specified in the phrase. As used herein, “comprises” and/or “comprising” does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components other than the components mentioned.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the present specification may be used as meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. In addition, terms defined in the commonly used dictionary are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless specifically defined.

Hereinafter, an adsorbent for a radioactive material and a method for manufacturing the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The adsorbent of a radioactive material according to an embodiment of the present invention can adsorb deuterium water and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water, thereby removing deuterium and tritium, which are radioactive substances in the contaminated water, to contaminate water Can purify.

The adsorbent of the radioactive material according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a polymer containing a functional group for hydrogen bonding and a solvent in which the polymer is dispersed. At this time, the adsorbent may be formed in a hydrogel form or a bead form. When formed as a hydrogel, it can be formed in the form of a separator.

Meanwhile, the functional group that performs hydrogen bonding may be, for example, a carboxy group (-COOH), a hydroxyl group (-OH), an amine group (-NH ₂ ), but is not limited thereto, and any functional group capable of hydrogen bonding Can be any

The functional group that performs hydrogen bonding hydrogen bonds with deuterium water and tritium water in contaminated water. Deuterium water and tritium water may form stronger hydrogen bonds with the functional group than water molecules (H ₂ O) in contaminated water. Thus, when contacting the adsorbent with contaminated water containing deuterium water and tritium water, deuterium water and tritium water form hydrogen bonds with the functional group by the hydrogen bonding functional group of the adsorbent, and deuterium water and tritium in the polymer. The number is captured. That is, deuterium water and tritium water are adsorbed by the adsorbent. Thereby, deuterium water and tritium water can be removed in the contaminated water, and the contaminated water can be purified from radioactive materials.

It is preferable that the polymer is a water-dispersible polymer. Polymers are polyurethane (polyurethane), polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyamide, polyacrylamide ( polyacrylamide), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate It may be any one selected from the group consisting of (polycarbonate), polyester, polyvinylidene chloride and polysiloxane.

The functional group capable of hydrogen bonding to the branch of the polymer may be substituted. That is, the functional group capable of hydrogen bonding may be located at the terminal extending from the main chain of the polymer to the branch.

The polymer is dispersed in a solvent to form a polymer solution. After that, the polymer solution is processed to form a porous gel or hydrobead. That is, the adsorbent may have a porous hydrogel or hydrobead form.

The solvent is 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; NMP), acetone (acetone), ethanol (ethanol), n-propanol (n-propanol), n-butanol ( n-butanol, n-hexane, cyclohexanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide (DMF) ), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cyclohexane, benzene, toluene , Xylene, and water (water) may be at least one selected from the group consisting of.

1 shows a process of separating deuterium water and tritium water from contaminated water using an adsorbent of a radioactive material according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, the process of separating deuterium water and tritium water from contaminated water will be described as follows.

The adsorbent 10 of the radioactive material according to the embodiment of the present invention is filled in a glass tube. The glass tube 11 has a structure in which the lower side can be opened and closed with a clamp, and the upper side is opened. Polluted water (1) flows from above the glass tube (11). The contaminated water 1 flowing into the glass tube 11 contains water and deuterium water. The contaminated water 1 introduced into the glass tube comes into contact with the adsorbent 10 filled in the glass tube 11. At this time, the deuterium water contained in the contaminated water (1) is stronger than the hydrogen bonding functional group contained in the adsorbent, compared to water to form a hydrogen bond. That is, the functional group forms hydrogen bonds with deuterium water, not water contained in contaminated water.

Deuterium water is formed by hydrogen bonding with the functional group, it does not escape out of the glass tube 11, and is captured by the adsorbent 10. At this time, water that does not form a hydrogen bond with the adsorbent 10 is discharged to the lower side of the glass tube (11). Thereby, deuterium water is separated from the polluted water 1, and the polluted water 1 can be purified.

According to the present invention, in separating deuterium water and tritium water, even if a separate distillation step or electrolysis is not performed, deuterium water and tritium water, which are radioactive substances, can be separated relatively easily by an adsorbent. have.

Next, a method of manufacturing a radioactive material adsorbent for adsorbing deuterium water and tritium water contained in radioactive polluted water according to another embodiment of the present invention to purify the polluted water will be described.

Figure 2 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a radioactive material adsorbent according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 2, the method of manufacturing a radioactive material adsorbent according to another embodiment of the present invention, the step of synthesizing a polymer containing a hydrogen-bonding functional group, and dissolving the polymer in a solvent to form a polymer solution And, it may include the step of processing the polymer solution.

First, a polymer containing a functional group for hydrogen bonding is synthesized (S10).

Polymers include polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyamide, polyacrylamide ( polyacrylamide), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate It may be any one selected from the group consisting of (polycarbonate), polyester, polyvinylidene chloride and polysiloxane. Polymers can be synthesized using the monomers of the polymers listed above. Crosslinking agents may be used in the synthesis.

Such crosslinking agents include glutaraldehyde, N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (N,N'-metyhlene-bis-acrylamide, BIS), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl ethylene Diamine (N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl ethylene diamine), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), may be any one selected from pentaerythritol triacrylate (Pentaerythritol triacrylate).

A functional group capable of hydrogen bonding may be substituted at the branch end of the formed polymer. The functional group capable of hydrogen bonding may be, for example, a carboxy group (-COOH), a hydroxyl group (-OH), an amine group (-NH ₂ ), but is not limited thereto, and any functional group capable of hydrogen bonding may be used. Can be. As the substitution reaction, a known substitution reaction may be used, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Subsequently, a polymer solution containing a functional group for hydrogen bonding is dissolved in a solvent to form a polymer solution.

Solvents are 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; NMP), acetone, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol , n-hexane, cyclohexanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethylacetic acid Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene ), and at least one selected from the group consisting of water.

The polymer is dissolved in any one of the solvents listed above to form a polymer solution. The polymer solution can be performed in a temperature atmosphere of 20 to 60°C for about 1 to 5 hours.

Subsequently, the polymer solution is processed to form various types of adsorbents (S30).

As a first method of processing a polymer solution, the polymer solution is gelled in a mold to form a hydrogel containing the polymer. At this time, the pore-forming material is added to the mold to form a porous pore. As the pore-forming material, for example, sodium, potassium, and soluble polymer beads may be used.

After gelation of the polymer solution is completed, the pore-forming material is removed. At this time, a plurality of pores of 10 to 300㎛ may be formed in the hydrogel. In addition, the mold is removed to complete the formation of the porous hydrogel. Porous hydrogels can generally maximize the specific surface area by imparting voids to the interior of the hydrogel. Hydrogels can form a variety of pore structures depending on the manufacturing method. The swelling speed and absorbency may vary depending on the presence, size, and shape of the pores.

The porous hydrogel formed may be possible as a separation membrane of deuterium water and tritium water. Many pores can expand the area where deuterium and tritium water can contact the polymer. Thereby, the amount of the porous hydrogel-type adsorbent trapping deuterium water and tritium water can be increased.

As a second method of processing the polymer solution, the polymer solution is gelled in a drop form to form beads containing the polymer. The polymer solution is processed through various injection devices such as syringes, tubes, needles, and funnels to form beads of hydrogel. At this time, the size of the beads can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the injection device.

By bead, the area of contact between the polymer and deuterium water and tritium water is extended, so that the amount of the hydrogel bead type adsorbent trapping deuterium water and tritium water can be increased.

The adsorbent of another radioactive material in the embodiment of the present invention may be formed of a porous hydrogel or a hydrogel bead type, as described above, and this form increases the contact area between the adsorbent and the radioactive deuterium and tritium water. , It is possible to increase the amount of the adsorbent adsorbs deuterium water and tritium water.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may be manufactured in various different forms, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains have technical spirit of the present invention. However, it will be understood that other specific forms may be practiced without changing essential features. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.

Claims (14)

In the adsorbent of a radioactive material that adsorbs deuterium and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water, and does not hydrogen bond with water contained in the contaminated water, purifying the contaminated water,
A polymer containing a functional group that performs hydrogen bonding; And
The polymer includes a dispersed solvent,
The functional group hydrogen bonds with the deuterium water and tritium water,
By the hydrogen bond, deuterium water and tritium water are captured by the polymer,
The functional group for the hydrogen bond is -COOH, -NH ₂ ,
The functional group is an adsorbent of a radioactive material located at the branch end of the polymer. delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The polymer is any one selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (polyurethane), polyacrylate (polyacrylate), polyacrylic acid (polyacrylic acid), polyamide (polyamide), and polyacrylamide (polyacrylamide). According to claim 1,
The solvent is 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-methl-2-pyrrolidone; NMP), acetone (acetone), ethanol (ethanol), n-propanol (n-propanol), n-butanol (n-buranol) ), n-hexane, cyclohexanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene (xylene) xylene), and at least one selected from the group consisting of water. In the method of producing a radioactive material adsorbent for adsorbing deuterium water and tritium water contained in radioactive contaminated water, and does not hydrogen bond with water contained in the contaminated water, purifying the contaminated water,
Synthesizing a polymer containing a hydrogen-bonding functional group;
Dissolving the polymer in a solvent to form a polymer solution; And
Comprising the step of processing the polymer solution,
The functional group hydrogen bonds with the deuterium water and tritium water,
By the hydrogen bond, deuterium water and tritium water are captured by the polymer,
The functional group for the hydrogen bond is -COOH, -NH ₂ ,
The functional group is a method for producing a radioactive material adsorbent located at the branch end of the polymer. delete delete delete The method of claim 7,
The polymer is a polyurethane (polyurethane), polyacrylate (polyacrylate), polyacrylic acid (polyacrylic acid), polyamide (polyamide), and polyacrylamide (polyacrylamide) selected from the group consisting of the adsorbent of the radioactive material Way. The method of claim 7,
The solvent is 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1-methl-2-pyrrolidone; NMP), acetone (acetone), ethanol (ethanol), n-propanol (n-propanol), n-butanol (n-buranol) ), n-hexane, cyclohexanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene (xylene) xylene), and at least one selected from the group consisting of water. The method of claim 7,
The step of processing the polymer solution comprises the steps of gelling the polymer solution to form a hydrogel containing the polymer. The method of claim 7,
The step of processing the polymer solution, the method of manufacturing a radioactive material adsorbent comprising the step of forming a bead containing the polymer by gelling the polymer solution.

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