KR102124904B1 - Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer with improved response speed.
A feature of the present invention is to interpose the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer in which the nanocapsule filled with irregularly arranged negative nematic liquid crystal molecules is dispersed in the buffer layer between the first and second substrates.
Through this, the response time is improved, and the alignment film process, the gap forming process, and the failure turn forming process can be omitted, thereby improving the efficiency of the process.
And by omitting the alignment film process, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has an effect applicable to a touch-type display device, a curved display device, and a flexible display device.
In addition, by forming the pixel electrode and the common electrode to form an inclined surface, or by placing a phase retardation film under the second polarizing plate, it has an effect of preventing light leakage due to misalignment of liquid crystal molecules. , It also has the effect of improving the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device.

Description

Liquid crystal display device including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer {Liquid crystal display device including nano capsule liquid crystal}

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer with improved response speed.

In recent years, the display field has rapidly developed, and in response to this, it is a flat panel display device (FPD) that has advantages of thinning, lightening, and low power consumption. Due to its excellent contrast and high contrast ratio for moving picture display, The liquid crystal display device (LCD), which is most actively used in the fields of notebooks, monitors, and TVs, is rapidly gaining popularity as a replacement for the conventional cathode ray tube (CRT).

The configuration of the liquid crystal display device will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 1, which is a cross-sectional view of a general liquid crystal display device.

As shown in the figure, the liquid crystal panel 10 in which an array substrate and a color filter substrate are faced together with a liquid crystal layer 50 interposed therebetween and a backlight disposed thereunder ( 60), the pixel region P is defined on one surface of the first substrate 2 called the dual array substrate, and each pixel region P is provided with a thin film transistor T. The transparent pixel electrode 28 provided in P) is connected one-to-one.

In addition, the second substrate 4 facing the liquid crystal layer 50 therebetween is called an upper substrate or a color filter substrate, and on one surface thereof, a thin film transistor T of the first substrate 2, etc. A black matrix 32 having a lattice shape covering the pixel area P is formed to expose only the pixel electrode 28 while hiding the non-display element of.

In addition, the R (red), G (green), B (blue) color filter 34 as an example of sequentially arranged to correspond to each pixel area (P) in these grids, and a transparent common electrode covering all of them ( 36).

At this time, the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 2 and 4 are attached with polarizing plates 20 and 30 that selectively transmit only specific polarized light.

In addition, between the liquid crystal layer 50, the pixel electrode 28, and the common electrode 36, the first and second alignment layers 31a and 31b having the surfaces facing the liquid crystal rubbed in a predetermined direction, respectively, are interposed. The initial alignment state and orientation direction of the molecules are uniformly aligned.

In addition, a seal pattern 70 is formed along the edges of both substrates 2 and 4 to prevent leakage of the liquid crystal layer 50 filled therebetween.

Since such a liquid crystal display device does not have a self-luminous element, a separate light source is required. To this end, a backlight 60 is provided on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 10 to supply light.

On the other hand, such a liquid crystal display device has a low response speed and is accompanied by a decrease in image quality due to afterimages.

In addition, there is a disadvantage that the number of processes required to complete the liquid crystal display device is too large.

Accordingly, in recent years, research on a liquid crystal display device having a high response speed and improved process efficiency has been actively conducted.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and a first object is to provide a liquid crystal display with improved response speed.

In addition, a second object is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which the efficiency of the process is improved and the optical characteristics are not changed by external force.

In order to achieve the object as described above, the present invention comprises a first substrate; A first electrode formed on the first substrate and formed of a first inclined surface in which mountains and valleys are repeated; A nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first electrode and having a nano-sized capsule filled with a negative nematic liquid crystal molecule having a negative dielectric anisotropy and dispersed in a buffer layer; It is formed on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer, and includes a second electrode formed of second inclined surfaces corresponding to each other in parallel to face the first inclined surfaces of the first electrode, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is the A liquid crystal display device having optical anisotropy according to a pixel voltage proportional to a voltage difference applied to the first electrode and the second electrode and having optical isotropy when no voltage is applied.

In addition, the present invention comprises a first substrate; A first polarizing plate positioned on an outer surface of the first substrate; A first electrode formed on an inner surface of the first substrate; A nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first electrode and having a nano-sized capsule filled with a negative nematic liquid crystal molecule having a negative dielectric anisotropy and dispersed in a buffer layer; A second electrode formed on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer; A phase delay film formed on the second electrode and having a phase delay value of λ/4; A second polarizing plate is formed on the phase delay film, and the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer has optical anisotropy according to a pixel voltage proportional to a voltage difference applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, and no voltage is applied. Provided is a liquid crystal display device having optical isotropy.

In addition, the present invention comprises a first substrate; A plurality of first electrodes formed on an inner surface of the first substrate; A nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the plurality of first electrodes and having a nano-sized capsule filled with a negative nematic liquid crystal molecule having a negative dielectric anisotropy and dispersed in a buffer layer; And a second electrode formed on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer has optical anisotropy according to a pixel voltage proportional to a voltage difference applied to the plurality of first electrodes and the second electrode, Provided is a liquid crystal display device having optical isotropy when no voltage is applied.

At this time, a plurality of protrusions in the form of repeating mountains and valleys are arranged in rows below the first electrode and the second electrode, and the plurality of protrusions are made of a transparent insulating material.

In addition, the diameter of the nano-sized capsule is 1 nm to 320 nm, and the nano-sized capsule has a volume of 25% to 65% of the liquid crystal layer of the nanocapsule.

In addition, the refractive index difference between the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecule and the nano-sized capsule is ±0.1, and facing the first substrate, including a second substrate formed with the nano-capsule liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. A thin film transistor is formed on one substrate, and a color filter is formed on the second substrate.

In addition, facing the first substrate, including a second substrate formed with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer therebetween, a thin film transistor is formed on the first substrate, and a color filter is formed on the thin film transistor.

In addition, the plurality of first electrodes has a separation area by a first slit, and the second electrode is configured to have a separation area by a second slit alternately formed with the first slit, and the plurality of first electrodes The first electrode has a separation area by a pixel slit, and the second electrode includes a common protrusion alternately formed with the pixel slit.

In addition, the second slit and the common protrusion form a symmetrical bent shape based on the central portion of the pixel area.

As described above, by interposing the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer in which the nanocapsules filled with the negative nematic liquid crystal molecules irregularly arranged according to the present invention are dispersed in the buffer layer between the first and second substrates, as described above, general liquid crystal display The response time is improved compared to the device.

In addition, since the alignment film process, gap forming process, and failure turn forming process can be omitted, there is an effect of improving the efficiency of the process.

And by omitting the alignment film process, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has an effect applicable to a touch-type display device, a curved display device, and a flexible display device.

In addition, by forming the pixel electrode and the common electrode to form an inclined surface, or by placing a phase retardation film under the second polarizing plate, it has an effect of preventing light leakage due to misalignment of liquid crystal molecules. , It also has the effect of improving the transmittance of the liquid crystal display device.

In addition, by configuring the pixel electrode and the common electrode to have a slit or to have the pixel slit and the common slit, it has an effect of preventing light leakage due to misalignment of liquid crystal molecules, and through this, the liquid crystal It also has the effect of improving the transmittance of the display device.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a conventional liquid crystal display device.
2 is a perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
3A to 3B are views showing an effect on an external force of a general liquid crystal display and a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4a to 4b are schematic diagrams for examining characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display device having a COT structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure in which the second substrate is omitted in the liquid crystal display of the COT structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
7A to 7B are schematic diagrams for examining the characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display device having a COT structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a structure in which the second substrate is omitted in the liquid crystal display device of the COT structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
10A is a schematic view for examining the characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display device including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
10B schematically illustrates the multidomain of FIG. 10A.
11A is a schematic view for examining the characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display device including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11b schematically illustrates the multidomain of FIG. 11a.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

2 is a perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is interposed between the array substrate (array substrate: 112) and the color filter substrate (color filter substrate: 114) facing the bonded liquid crystal panel 110 as an essential element.

A plurality of gate wires 116 and data wires 118 vertically and horizontally intersect on one surface of the first substrate 112 called a lower substrate or an array substrate to define a pixel region P.

A thin film transistor T is provided at the intersection of these two wires 116 and 118 to be connected one-to-one with the transparent pixel electrode 124 provided in each pixel region P.

In addition, the second substrate 114 facing the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 therebetween is called an upper substrate or a color filter substrate, and on one surface thereof, gate wiring 116 of the first substrate 112 ), a data matrix 118 and a black matrix 132 having a grid shape covering the pixel region P so as to expose only the pixel electrode 124 while hiding non-display elements such as the thin film transistor T.

In addition, R (red), G (green), and B (blue) color filters 134 sequentially arranged to correspond to each pixel region P in the grid, and the transparent common electrode 136 covering all of them It includes.

In addition, although not clearly shown in the drawings, the first substrate 112 has a larger area than the second substrate 114, and thus the first substrate 112 when the first and second substrates 112 and 114 are bonded. The edges of the are exposed to the outside, where a plurality of data pads 118a connected to a plurality of data wirings 118 and a plurality of gate pads (not shown) connected to a plurality of gate wirings 116 are located.

Accordingly, an on/off signal of the thin film transistor T is sequentially applied to the gate wiring 116 to scan the image of the data wiring 118 to the pixel electrode 124 of the selected pixel region P. When the signal is transmitted, the liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 are driven by the vertical electric field between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, and accordingly, the light transmittance changes. Branch images can be displayed.

In addition, first and second polarizing plates 120 and 130 that selectively transmit only specific light are attached to each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 110, and the first polarizing plate 120 has a polarization axis in a first direction. The second polarizing plate 130 has a polarization axis in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

In addition, a backlight 160 is provided to supply light from the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 110 so that the difference in transmittance is externally expressed.

The backlight 160 is divided into a side type and a direct type according to the position of a light source (not shown) emitting light, which is from one side of the rear side of the liquid crystal panel 110. The light of the emitted light source (not shown) is refracted by a separate light guide plate (not shown) to be incident on the liquid crystal panel 110, and the direct light type directly arranges a plurality of light sources (not shown) on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 110. Let light enter.

The present invention can use either.

In this case, a fluorescent lamp such as a cold cathode fluorescent lamp or an external electrode fluorescent lamp may be used as the light source (not shown). Alternatively, a light emitting diode lamp other than the fluorescent lamp may be used as the lamp.

Here, the most characteristic feature of the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the present invention is that the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is interposed between the first and second substrates 112 and 114.

In the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, the nanocapsule 230 filled with the liquid crystal molecules 220 is dispersed in the buffer layer 210, thereby changing the light transmittance of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 to display an image.

The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is an isotropic liquid crystal, and the isotropic liquid crystal is optically isotropic in 3D or 2D when no voltage is applied, but when the electric field is applied, the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode ( 136) has a property of generating birefringence in a direction perpendicular to the electric field direction of the pixel voltage proportional to the voltage difference applied to it.

Accordingly, when voltage is applied, optical uniaxiality is exhibited, and a viewing angle dependence is caused on transmittance.

At this time, the liquid crystal molecules regularly arranged when voltage is applied are arranged to form 45 degrees with the polarization axes of the first and second polarizing plates 120 and 130, respectively.

Looking at this in more detail, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 of the present invention encapsulates the liquid crystal molecule 220 into a nano-sized capsule 230, and the liquid crystal molecule 220 is irregularly within the nanocapsule 230. Will be arranged.

At this time, within the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, the nanocapsule 230 may be formed in a volume of 5% to 95%, and preferably, the nanocapsule 230 is 25% to within the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200. It is formed of 65% by volume, the rest is formed of a buffer layer (210).

At this time, the buffer layer 210 may be made of a water-soluble, oil-soluble, or mixed property of a transparent and translucent material, and may be cured by temperature or ultraviolet light.

In order to increase strength and shorten curing time, the buffer layer 210 may include additives.

And, the diameter of the nanocapsule 230 may be made of 1nm ~ 320nm, it is preferably formed of 30nm ~ 100nm.

Here, by forming the nanocapsule 230 to a size less than or equal to the wavelength of visible light (320nm), it is possible to have optically isotropic characteristics without an optical change caused by the refractive index. In addition, the effect of scattering can be minimized by visible light.

In particular, when the nanocapsule 230 is formed to 100 nm or less, it may have a high contrast ratio property.

As described above, the liquid crystal molecules 220 and the nanocapsules 230 irregularly arranged in the nanocapsules 230 have different refractive indices, and light scattering occurs at the interface between the liquid crystal molecules 220 and the nanocapsules 230.

Therefore, when light passes through the interface, light is scattered at the interface, resulting in a milky white opaque state.

However, when a voltage is applied to the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, the liquid crystal molecules 220 filled in each nanocapsule 230 are regularly aligned.

Accordingly, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 220 is changed. Here, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 220 regularly arranged with the nanocapsule 230 is set to have a value as similar as possible, so that the nanocapsule 230 and the liquid crystal molecule 220 ) Can minimize light scattering at the interface.

Therefore, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is transparent.

In this case, the refractive index of the nanocapsule 230 is preferably within ±0.1 difference from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule 220. At this time, the average refractive index (n) of the liquid crystal molecule 220 may be defined as [(ne (refractive index in the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule) + 2 no (refractive index in the short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule)) / 3].

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device 100 including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 may be applied as a display device in which the transmittance varies according to the on/off of the voltage.

In particular, the liquid crystal display device 100 of the present invention when the electric field is applied, the response time by dynamically rotating the liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 interposed between the first and second substrates 112 and 114 This will have a faster effect.

In addition, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 does not need to be aligned because there is no initial alignment with optical anisotropy, so there is no need to provide an alignment layer on the display device, and an alignment layer process such as a rubbing process can be performed. no need.

In addition, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 of the present invention is formed when the nanocapsule 230 is dispersed and located in the buffer layer 210 made of a liquid crystal material through a printing method, a coating method, a dropping method, or a nanocapsule ( When 230 is dispersed and positioned in the buffer layer 210 made of a polymer in the form of a film, a liquid crystal layer (50 in FIG. 1) between the first substrate 112 and the second substrate 114 is formed by forming through a lamination process. The gap forming process for the gap to be filled can be omitted, and the process of forming a failure turn (70 in FIG. 1) to prevent the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer (50 in FIG. 1) from leaking can also be omitted. have.

Accordingly, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the process.

And by omitting the alignment film (31a, 31b in FIG. 1) process, even if the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is applied to a curved display device or a flexible display device, the rubbing axis is distorted and the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 220 is distorted. There is no light leakage that can be.

Through this, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has an advantage applicable to a touch-type display device, a curved display device, and a flexible display device.

3A to 3B are views illustrating an effect on an external force of a general liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3A, when an external force such as a touch is applied to a conventional liquid crystal display device, the external force affects the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules. Thus, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted due to external force, and thus the optical axis is distorted. As a result, light leakage 70 occurs.

On the other hand, referring to Figure 3b, the liquid crystal display device including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention (100 in Figure 2), even if an external force is applied to the liquid crystal molecules 220 nanocapsule 230 ) Since it is located inside and is formed to have a size smaller than that of the visible light region, light leakage due to external force does not occur because it is not affected by visible light.

This is because the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) is applied to the flexible display device, even when warpage is applied, the nano-sized nanocapsule 230 having a size smaller than the visible light region is not affected by visible light and thus light leakage due to bending Can be prevented.

On the other hand, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), the liquid crystal molecules 220 dispersed inside the nanocapsule 230 have negative dielectric anisotropy (-), negative nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 It is characterized by consisting of.

In the negative nematic liquid crystal molecule 220, the liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the electric field direction of the pixel voltage proportional to the voltage difference applied to the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136.

That is, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is made of a negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecule 220 encapsulated by the nanocapsule 230, and such a nanocapsule The liquid crystal layer 200 has optical isotropy when a voltage is not applied, and when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the electric field direction to have optical anisotropy.

Hereinafter, the liquid crystal display device (100 of FIG. 2) including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 of the present invention can be implemented in various embodiments, which will be described in more detail for each embodiment.

-First embodiment-

4a to 4b are schematic diagrams for examining characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As illustrated, a liquid crystal display device (100 in FIG. 2) including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is composed of a liquid crystal panel 110 and a backlight 160 supplying light from the rear surface thereof, and a double liquid crystal panel ( 110) is the first and second polarizing plates attached to the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 112 and 114 and the first and second substrates 112 and 114, respectively, facing the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 therebetween. (120, 130).

At this time, the liquid crystal panel 110 is a vertical electric field method, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) and a pixel electrode 124 are formed on the inner surface of the first substrate 112, and the inner side of the second substrate 114. On the surface, a black matrix (132 in FIG. 2), a color filter 134, and a common electrode 136 are formed. In addition, an overcoat layer (not shown) covering the black matrix (132 of FIG. 2) and the color filter 134 may be formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 114.

At this time, a plurality of protrusions 150 in which mountains and valleys are repeated by being arranged adjacent to each other in a strip shape along the longitudinal direction of the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 under the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 ) Are arranged in rows.

Here, the protrusion 150 is made of a transparent insulating material, and the plurality of protrusions 150 are formed of first and second inclined surfaces inclined at a predetermined angle from the vertex, and the protrusions formed below the pixel electrode 124 The inclined surface of 150 and the inclined surface of the protrusion 150 formed under the common electrode 136 are formed to correspond to each other in parallel.

By such a plurality of protrusions 150, the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 formed on the top of the plurality of protrusions 150 are also formed in such a manner that mountains and valleys are repeated along the inclined surfaces of the plurality of protrusions 150. The inclined surfaces are formed to correspond in parallel so as to face each other.

That is, the pixel electrode 124 includes a plurality of first and second inclined surfaces inclined at a predetermined angle from a vertex by a plurality of protrusions 150 formed at the bottom, and the common electrode 136 and the common electrode 136 ), a plurality of first and second inclined surfaces inclined at a predetermined angle from a vertex by a plurality of protrusions 150 formed at the bottom.

At this time, the inclined surfaces of the pixel electrode 124 and the inclined surfaces of the common electrode 136 are formed to correspond to each other in parallel so as to face each other, so that the separation between the inclined surfaces of the pixel electrode 124 and the inclined surfaces of the common electrode 136 The gaps are formed equally.

As described above, as the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 are formed to have inclined surfaces, the electric field formed between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 is the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 It is formed perpendicular to the inclined surface of the.

Accordingly, when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecule 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is applied to the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. It is arranged side by side with a pre-tilt angle of 85 to 89 degrees relative to the first substrate 112 so as to be perpendicular to the electric field direction of the pixel voltage proportional to the voltage difference.

That is, the negative nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 are arranged perpendicular to the vertical electric fields perpendicular to the first and second substrates 112 and 114, and the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the electric field direction It is expressed.

Therefore, in order to realize the maximum luminance, the polarization axes of the first and second polarizing plates 120 and 130 are attached to form a 45 degree angle with the liquid crystal molecules 220 arranged perpendicular to the electric field direction.

Then, the backlight 160 supplies scattered light close to natural light to the liquid crystal panel 110.

Accordingly, when the voltage as shown in FIG. 4A is off, only the scattered light emitted from the backlight 160 is transmitted by the first polarizing plate 120 in parallel with its polarization axis.

However, in the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, in the off state of the voltage, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are irregularly arranged in an arbitrary direction, and the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 and the encapsulation thereof are encapsulated. As the nanocapsules 230 to have different refractive index anisotropy, it has optically isotropic properties.

Therefore, the linearly polarized light that has passed through the first polarizing plate 120 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 as it is, and is blocked without passing through the second polarizing plate 130 perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate 120. Black is displayed.

Next, when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 as shown in FIG. 4B, the liquid crystal display (100 in FIG. 2) according to the first embodiment of the present invention is common to the pixel electrode 124. As the electrode 136 is formed to have inclined surfaces, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 are perpendicular to the electric field direction formed by the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. The first substrate 112 is arranged side by side with a pre-tilt angle of 85 to 89°.

Therefore, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 expresses optical anisotropy.

Accordingly, the scattered light emitted from the backlight 160 is transmitted by the first polarizing plate 120 only linearly polarized light parallel to its polarization axis, the rest is absorbed, and among the linearly polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 120 is a negative nematic Linear polarization parallel to the liquid crystal molecules 220 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200.

And, in parallel with the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, linear polarization parallel to the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate 130 among the linear polarizations transmitted through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is eliminated. 2 It transmits through the polarizing plate 130 to display white (White).

Here, in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 are formed to have inclined surfaces, so that the negative nematic liquid crystal molecule 220 is a pixel. By having the pre-tilt angle of 85 to 89° relative to the first substrate 112 so as to be perpendicular to the electric field direction formed by the electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, it is negative. The nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 may be arranged to be more uniformly arranged side by side.

That is, when the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 do not have an inclined surface, the negative nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 arranged irregularly in an arbitrary direction within the nanocapsule 230 are the pixel electrode 124 ) And the common electrode 136 collide with each other because there is no directionality in the process of vertically arranging the electric field.

Through this, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are not uniformly arranged side by side by bumps in the process of being arranged, thereby causing light leakage.

In addition, light leakage causes a problem of preventing luminance non-uniformity and uniform image.

However, as in the first embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of protrusions 150 are formed under the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 so that the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 have an inclined surface. By doing so, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 that are irregularly arranged in an arbitrary direction within the nanocapsule 230 are all rotated more easily in a predetermined direction by an electric field formed perpendicular to the inclined surface.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the problem of misalignment due to collision in the process of arranging the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220, thereby preventing occurrence of light leakage due to misalignment.

This also has the effect of improving the transmittance of the liquid crystal display (100 in FIG. 2).

In addition, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 have a pre-tilt angle of 85 to 89° relative to the first substrate 112 so as to be perpendicular to the electric field direction formed by the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. Since it is arranged side by side with a -tilt angle, rotation is made easier and response time is improved.

As described above, in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), the nanocapsule 230 filled with the irregularly arranged negative nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 is buffer layer 210. By interposing the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 dispersed in) between the first and second substrates 112 and 114, a response time is improved compared to a general liquid crystal display device (10 in FIG. 1).

In addition, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 does not need to be aligned because there is no initial alignment with optical anisotropy, so there is no need to provide an alignment layer (31a, 31b in FIG. 1) in the display device. , There is no need to proceed with the alignment film process such as rubbing process.

In addition, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 of the present invention is formed when the nanocapsule 230 is dispersed and located in the buffer layer 210 made of a liquid crystal material through a printing method, a coating method, a dropping method, or a nanocapsule ( When 230) is dispersed and positioned in the buffer layer 210 made of a polymer in the form of a film, a liquid crystal layer (50 in FIG. 1) between the first and second substrates 112 and 114 is formed by forming through a lamination process. The gap forming process for the separation interval to be filled may be omitted, and the process of forming a failure turn (70 in FIG. 1) to prevent the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer (50 in FIG. 1) from leaking may also be omitted. .

Accordingly, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the process.

And by omitting the alignment film process, even if the liquid crystal display device (100 of FIG. 2) of the present invention is applied to a curved display device or a flexible display device, light leakage that may be generated due to a misalignment of the liquid crystal molecules due to a wrong rubbing axis. Will not occur.

Through this, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has an advantage applicable to a touch-type display device, a curved display device, and a flexible display device.

In particular, in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 are formed to have inclined surfaces, so that the negative nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged. It is possible to prevent a problem in which the array is displaced due to a collision in the process of being prevented, thereby preventing light leakage from occurring due to the misalignment of the negative nematic liquid crystal molecules 220.

Through this, the transmittance of the liquid crystal display (100 of FIG. 2) also has an effect of improving.

In addition, a pre-tilt angle of 85 to 89° relative to the first substrate 112 is performed so that the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are perpendicular to the electric field direction formed by the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. Since it is arranged side by side with a -tilt angle, rotation can be made more easily to further improve the response time.

On the other hand, the liquid crystal display according to the first embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), as shown in FIG. 5, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) and a color filter 134 on the first substrate 112. It may be made of a color filter on transistor (COT) structure is formed.

That is, on the first substrate 112, a gate interconnection (116 in FIG. 2) and a data interconnection (FIG. 2 in FIG. 2) defining a pixel region (P in FIG. 2) perpendicularly intersecting each other with a gate insulating film (not shown) therebetween. 118) is formed, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) is formed at a crossing region between the gate wiring (116 in FIG. 2) and the data wiring (118 in FIG. 2), and a protective film is formed on the thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2). An example in which the black matrix (132 in FIG. 2) is formed in a lattice shape to expose only the pixel region (P in FIG. 2) with (not shown) interposed therebetween, and is repeatedly arranged sequentially on the pixel region (P in FIG. 2). R (red), G (green), B (blue) color filter 134 is formed.

In addition, a pixel electrode 124 having an inclined surface is formed by a plurality of protrusions 150 in a pixel area (P in FIG. 2) of the first substrate 112, and a plurality of protrusions ( 150, a common electrode 136 having an inclined surface corresponding in parallel so as to face the inclined surface of the pixel electrode 124 is formed.

In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the second substrate (114 of FIG. 5) may be omitted from the COT structure. When the second substrate (114 of FIG. 5) is omitted, the common electrode 136 may be formed on the inner surface of the second polarizing plate 130.

-Second Embodiment-

7A to 7B are schematic views for examining characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display device including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As illustrated, a liquid crystal display device (100 in FIG. 2) including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is composed of a liquid crystal panel 110 and a backlight 160 supplying light from the rear surface thereof, and a double liquid crystal panel ( 110) is the first and second polarizing plates attached to the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 112 and 114 and the first and second substrates 112 and 114, respectively, facing the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 therebetween. (120, 130).

At this time, the liquid crystal panel 110 is a vertical electric field method, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) and a pixel electrode 124 are formed on the inner surface of the first substrate 112, and the inner side of the second substrate 114. On the surface, a black matrix (132 in FIG. 2), a color filter 134, and a common electrode 136 are formed. In addition, an overcoat layer (not shown) covering the black matrix (132 of FIG. 2) and the color filter 134 may be formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 102.

The negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 are arranged perpendicular to the vertical electric fields perpendicular to the first and second substrates 112 and 114, so that a refractive index is expressed in a direction perpendicular to the electric field direction. do.

Therefore, in order to realize the maximum luminance, the polarization axes of the first and second polarizing plates 120 and 130 are attached to form 45° with the liquid crystal molecules 220 arranged perpendicular to the electric field direction.

Then, the backlight 160 supplies scattered light close to natural light to the liquid crystal panel 110.

Here, the characteristic configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention is that the phase delay film 170 is positioned between the second substrate 114 and the second polarizing plate 130.

The phase delay film 170 is made of a quarter wave plate (QWP) having a phase delay value of 1/4.

Accordingly, when the voltage as shown in FIG. 7A is in an off state, only the scattered light emitted from the backlight 160 is transmitted by the first polarizing plate 120 in parallel with its polarization axis.

However, in the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, in the off state of the voltage, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are irregularly arranged in an arbitrary direction, and the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 and the encapsulation thereof are encapsulated. As the nanocapsule 230 to have different refractive index anisotropy, it has optically isotropic properties.

Therefore, the linearly polarized light that has passed through the first polarizing plate 120 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 as it is, and is blocked without passing through the second polarizing plate 130 perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate 120. Black is displayed.

Next, when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 as shown in FIG. 7B, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecule 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 has a pixel electrode 124 and a common electrode. The 136 is arranged side by side to be perpendicular to the electric field direction.

Therefore, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 expresses optical anisotropy.

Accordingly, the scattered light emitted from the backlight 160 is transmitted by the first polarizing plate 120 only linearly polarized light parallel to its polarization axis, the rest is absorbed, and among the linearly polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 120 is a negative nematic Linear polarization parallel to the liquid crystal molecules 220 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200.

Then, the linearly polarized light that has passed through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is modulated in a circularly polarized state through the phase delay film 170, and then transmits the second polarizing plate 130 to the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate 130. It is modulated by linearly polarized light parallel to and transmits through the second polarizing plate 130.

Therefore, white is displayed.

Here, in the liquid crystal display according to the second embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), light leakage does not occur by interposing the phase delay film 170 between the second substrate 114 and the second polarizing plate 130. It does not cause problems such as luminance non-uniformity and inability to achieve uniform images.

Looking at this in more detail, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is a negative nematic liquid crystal molecule 220 arranged irregularly in an arbitrary direction in the nanocapsule 230, the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 ) In the process of vertically arranging the electric field formed between, there is no directionality so that they collide with each other.

Through this, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are not uniformly arranged side by side by bumps during the arrangement process. Thus, the arrangement of the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 is not uniformly formed, This causes light leakage. In addition, light leakage causes a problem of preventing luminance non-uniformity and uniform image.

However, the liquid crystal display according to the second embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has a 1/4λ wavelength plate having a phase delay value of 1/4 between the second substrate 114 and the second polarizing plate 130. By interposing the phase delay film 170 made of (quarter wave plate: QWP), the linearly polarized light transmitted through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is modulated into a circularly polarized state through the phase delay film 170, and then modulated. By allowing the light in the circularly polarized state to pass through the second polarizing plate 130, light leakage does not occur.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem in which luminance non-uniformity due to light leakage and uniform image are not realized.

As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has the effect of improving the response time, alignment film (31a, 31b in FIG. 1) process, gap forming process, failure turn (70 in FIG. 1). Since the forming process can be omitted, the efficiency of the process can be improved.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has an advantage applicable to a touch-type display device, a curved display device, and a flexible display device.

In particular, the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) by interposing the phase delay film 170 between the second substrate 114 and the second polarizing plate 130, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer After modulating the linearly polarized light transmitted through 200 into a circularly polarized state through the phase retardation film 170, light is generated by preventing the modulated circularly polarized light to pass through the second polarizing plate 130. can do.

Therefore, it is also possible to prevent a problem in which luminance non-uniformity due to light leakage and uniform image are not realized.

On the other hand, the liquid crystal display according to the second embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), as shown in FIG. 8, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) and a color filter 134 on the first substrate 112. It may be made of a color filter on transistor (COT) structure is formed.

That is, on the first substrate 112, a gate interconnection (116 in FIG. 2) and a data interconnection (FIG. 2 in FIG. 2) defining a pixel region (P in FIG. 2) perpendicularly intersecting each other with a gate insulating film (not shown) therebetween. 118) is formed, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) is formed at a crossing region between the gate wiring (116 in FIG. 2) and the data wiring (118 in FIG. 2), and a protective film is formed on the thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2). An example in which a black matrix (132 in FIG. 2) is formed in a lattice shape to expose only the pixel region (P in FIG. 2) with (not shown) interposed therebetween, and is repeatedly arranged sequentially on the pixel region (P in FIG. 2) R (red), G (green), B (blue) color filter 134 is formed.

In addition, the pixel electrode 124 is formed on the pixel region (P in FIG. 2) of the first substrate 112, and the common electrode 136 is formed on the second substrate 114.

At this time, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the second substrate (114 of FIG. 8) may be omitted from the COT structure.

Here, when the second substrate (114 of FIG. 8) is omitted, the phase delay film 170 may be interposed between the second polarizing plate 130 and the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, wherein the common electrode 136 is It may be formed on the inner surface of the phase delay film 170.

-Third embodiment-

10A is a schematic diagram for examining characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

As illustrated, a liquid crystal display device (100 in FIG. 2) including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is composed of a liquid crystal panel 110 and a backlight 160 supplying light from the rear surface thereof, and a double liquid crystal panel ( 110) is the first and second polarizing plates attached to the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 112 and 114 and the first and second substrates 112 and 114, respectively, facing the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 therebetween. (120, 130).

At this time, the liquid crystal panel 110 is a vertical electric field method, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) and a pixel electrode 124 are formed on the inner surface of the first substrate 112, and the inner side of the second substrate 114. On the surface, a black matrix (132 in FIG. 2), a color filter 134, and a common electrode 136 are formed.

In addition, an overcoat layer (not shown) covering the black matrix (132 of FIG. 2) and the color filter 134 may be formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 102.

Here, the characteristic configuration of the third embodiment of the present invention is that the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136 are formed including first and second slits 180a and 180b, respectively.

That is, the pixel electrodes 124 are spaced apart to form a plurality of first slits 180a to form multiple pixel electrodes, and the common electrode 136 also forms a second slit 180b to form a plurality of common electrodes. do.

At this time, the plurality of first slits 180a have a value much smaller than the width of each of the plurality of pixel electrodes 124. That is, the width of the plurality of pixel electrodes 124 is formed to be several to several times larger than the width of the plurality of first slits 180a.

In addition, the first and second slits 180a and 180b are arranged to be staggered with each other up and down, and each of the first slits 180a is formed to be positioned at the center of the common electrode positioned between the adjacent second slits, Conversely, the second slit 180b is configured to be positioned at the center of the pixel electrode 124 positioned between the two first slits 180a closest thereto.

Accordingly, when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, the liquid crystal display (100 in FIG. 2) according to the third embodiment of the present invention is provided between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. In the first and second substrates 112 and 114, a fringe field is implemented out of the perpendicular direction.

Accordingly, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 are vertically arranged in a fringe field between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, perpendicular to the fringe field. The refractive index is expressed in the direction.

Therefore, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 expresses optical anisotropy.

Accordingly, the scattered light emitted from the backlight 160 is transmitted by the first polarizing plate 120 only linearly polarized light parallel to its polarization axis, the rest is absorbed, and among the linearly polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 120 is a negative nematic Linear polarization parallel to the liquid crystal molecules 220 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200.

And, in parallel with the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, linear polarization parallel to the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate 130 among the linear polarizations transmitted through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is eliminated. 2 It transmits through the polarizing plate 130 to display white (White).

Here, the liquid crystal display according to the third embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) is a common electrode 136 and the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode by the slits 180a and 180b formed in the pixel electrode 124 By allowing 136 to implement the fringe field, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged side by side to be perpendicular to the fringe field, so that the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged more uniformly side by side. Can be.

That is, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 that are irregularly arranged in an arbitrary direction within the nanocapsule 230 are all in a certain direction by a fringe field formed between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. It is arranged by rotating more easily.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the problem of misalignment due to collision in the process of arranging the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220, thereby preventing occurrence of light leakage due to misalignment.

This also has the effect of improving the transmittance of the liquid crystal display (100 in FIG. 2).

In addition, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged side by side to be perpendicular to the fringe field formed by the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, so rotation is easier and response time is further improved. .

As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has the effect of improving the response time, alignment film (31a, 31b in FIG. 1) process, gap forming process, failure turn (70 in FIG. 1). Since the forming process can be omitted, the efficiency of the process can be improved.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has an advantage applicable to a touch-type display device, a curved display device, and a flexible display device.

In particular, the liquid crystal display according to the third embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) is a common electrode 136 and the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode by the slits 180a and 180b formed on the pixel electrode 124 (136) By implementing this prince field, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged side by side to be perpendicular to the fringe field, thereby preventing light leakage from occurring.

Therefore, it is also possible to prevent a problem in which luminance non-uniformity due to light leakage and uniform image are not realized.

In this case, in the liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), each negative type nematic liquid crystal molecule 220 corresponds to the second slit 180b formed on the second substrate 114. Since it has a consistently arranged arrangement, as shown in FIG. 10B, each sub-pixel is formed by bending the second slit 180b formed on the second substrate 114 up and down in the sub-pixel area SP. Four different domains may be implemented in the area SP, up, down, left, and right.

Alternatively, although not illustrated, a plurality of second slits 180b formed on the second substrate 114 in one pixel area is configured, and the plurality of second slits 180b are vertically arranged in each sub-pixel area SP. By having a bent configuration, a multi-domain corresponding to four times the number of the second slits 180b can be configured.

-Fourth embodiment-

11A is a schematic diagram for examining characteristics of light passing through a liquid crystal display including a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

As illustrated, a liquid crystal display device (100 in FIG. 2) including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is composed of a liquid crystal panel 110 and a backlight 160 supplying light from the rear surface thereof, and a double liquid crystal panel ( 110) is the first and second polarizing plates attached to the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 112 and 114 and the first and second substrates 112 and 114, respectively, facing the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 therebetween. (120, 130).

At this time, the liquid crystal panel 110 is a vertical electric field method, a thin film transistor (T in FIG. 2) and a pixel electrode 124 are formed on the inner surface of the first substrate 112, and the inner side of the second substrate 114. On the surface, a black matrix (132 in FIG. 2), a color filter 134, and a common electrode 136 are formed.

In addition, an overcoat layer (not shown) covering the black matrix (132 of FIG. 2) and the color filter 134 may be formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 102.

Here, the characteristic configuration of the fourth embodiment of the present invention is that the pixel electrode 124 includes the pixel slit 190a, and the common electrode 136 is formed with a plurality of common protrusions 190b.

That is, the pixel electrode 124 is formed of a plurality of pixel electrodes by forming the pixel slit 190a, and a plurality of common protrusions 190b spaced apart from the common electrode 136 are formed.

At this time, although the plurality of common protrusions 190b show that the cross-sectional shape is triangular, it may be formed in a semicircle, semi-elliptical shape, or the like.

Here, the plurality of common protrusions 190b and the slits 180a are arranged to be parallel to each other in the pixel area, and in cross-section, they are alternately staggered and staggered with respect to the upper and lower parts based on the liquid crystal layer 200. It is formed on the first and second substrates 112 and 114.

That is, the pixel slits 190a are formed to correspond to the spaced areas between the upper plurality of common protrusions 190b, and each of the plurality of common protrusions 190b is positioned with the lower pixel slits 190a interposed therebetween. It is formed so as to be located in the center of the electrode 124, respectively.

Accordingly, when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, the liquid crystal display (100 in FIG. 2) according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is provided between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. In the first and second substrates 112 and 114, a fringe field is implemented out of the perpendicular direction.

Accordingly, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 are vertically arranged in a fringe field between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, perpendicular to the fringe field. The refractive index is expressed in the direction.

Therefore, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 expresses optical anisotropy.

Accordingly, the scattered light emitted from the backlight 160 is transmitted by the first polarizing plate 120 only linearly polarized light parallel to its polarization axis, the rest is absorbed, and among the linearly polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 120 is a negative nematic Linear polarization parallel to the liquid crystal molecules 220 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200.

And, in parallel with the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200, linear polarization parallel to the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate 130 among the linear polarizations transmitted through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 200 is eliminated. 2 It transmits through the polarizing plate 130 to display white (White).

Here, the liquid crystal display according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) is formed by the pixel electrode 190 by the pixel slit 190a and the common protrusion 190b formed on the common electrode 136 and the pixel electrode 124. By allowing the 124) and the common electrode 136 to implement a fringe field, the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged side by side to be perpendicular to the fringe field, thereby making the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 more uniform. It can be arranged side by side.

That is, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 that are irregularly arranged in an arbitrary direction within the nanocapsule 230 are all in a certain direction by a fringe field formed between the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136. It is arranged by rotating more easily.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the problem of misalignment due to collision in the process of arranging the negative type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220, thereby preventing occurrence of light leakage due to misalignment.

This also has the effect of improving the transmittance of the liquid crystal display (100 in FIG. 2).

In addition, the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged side by side to be perpendicular to the fringe field formed by the pixel electrode 124 and the common electrode 136, so rotation is easier and response time is further improved. .

As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has the effect of improving the response time, alignment film (31a, 31b in FIG. 1) process, gap forming process, failure turn (70 in FIG. 1). Since the forming process can be omitted, the efficiency of the process can be improved.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) has an advantage applicable to a touch-type display device, a curved display device, and a flexible display device.

In particular, the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2) is formed by the pixel electrode 190 by the pixel slit 190a and the common projection 190b formed on the common electrode 136 and the pixel electrode 124. 124) and the common electrode 136 implement a fringe field, so that the negative nematic liquid crystal molecules 220 are arranged side by side to be perpendicular to the fringe field, thereby preventing light leakage from occurring.

Therefore, it is also possible to prevent a problem in which luminance non-uniformity due to light leakage and uniform image are not realized.

At this time, in the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention (100 in FIG. 2), each negative type nematic liquid crystal molecule has a regular and consistent arrangement corresponding to each common projection, as shown in FIG. 11B. By forming the common protrusion 190b formed on the second substrate 114 to have a configuration that is bent up and down within each sub-pixel area SP, four different domains are formed in each sub-pixel area SP vertically and horizontally. It can be done.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented by variously changing within the limits without departing from the gist of the present invention.

112: first substrate, 114: second substrate
120: first polarizing plate, 130: second polarizing plate
124: pixel electrode, 136: common electrode
134: color filter
150: projection
160: backlight
200: nanocapsule liquid crystal layer (210: buffer layer, 220: negative type nematic liquid crystal molecule, 230: nanocapsule)

Claims (13)

A first substrate;
A first electrode formed on the first substrate and including first and second inclined surfaces forming a first vertex and the first vertex;
A nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first electrode and having a nano-sized capsule filled with a negative nematic liquid crystal molecule having a negative dielectric anisotropy and dispersed in a buffer layer;
A second electrode formed on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer and including third and fourth inclined surfaces forming a second vertex and the second vertex
Including, The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer has optical anisotropy according to the pixel voltage proportional to the voltage difference applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, and has optical isotropy when no voltage is applied,
The first inclined surface and the third inclined surface are positioned parallel to face each other,
The second inclined surface and the fourth inclined surface are positioned parallel to face each other,
A liquid crystal display device having a separation distance between the first and third slopes and a separation distance between the second and fourth slopes.
A first substrate;
A first polarizing plate positioned on an outer surface of the first substrate;
A first electrode formed on an inner surface of the first substrate;
A nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first electrode and having a nano-sized capsule filled with a negative nematic liquid crystal molecule having a negative dielectric anisotropy and dispersed in a buffer layer;
A second electrode formed on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer;
A phase delay film formed on the second electrode and having a phase delay value of λ/4;
A second polarizing plate formed on the phase delay film
Including, The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer has optical anisotropy according to the pixel voltage proportional to the voltage difference applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, and has optical isotropy when no voltage is applied,
The linearly polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing plate is incident on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.
A first substrate;
A plurality of first electrodes formed on an inner surface of the first substrate;
A nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the plurality of first electrodes and having a nano-sized capsule filled with a negative nematic liquid crystal molecule having a negative dielectric anisotropy and dispersed in a buffer layer;
The second electrode formed on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer
Including, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer has optical anisotropy according to a pixel voltage proportional to a voltage difference applied to the plurality of first electrodes and the second electrodes, and has optical isotropy when no voltage is applied,
The plurality of first electrodes has a separation area by the first slit,
The second electrode may be configured in plural to have a separation area by a second slit formed alternately with the first slit, or
It includes a common protrusion formed alternately with the first slit,
A plurality of the first slits are provided along one longitudinal direction of the pixel area,
The second slit and the common projection is a liquid crystal display device that forms a symmetrically bent shape based on the central portion of one longitudinal direction of the pixel area.
According to claim 1,
A liquid crystal display device in which a plurality of protrusions in the form of repeating mountains and valleys are arranged in rows below the first electrode and the second electrode.
The method of claim 4,
The plurality of projections is a liquid crystal display device made of a transparent insulating material.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The nano-sized capsule has a diameter of 1 nm to 320 nm.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The nano-sized capsule is a liquid crystal display device having a volume of 25% to 65% of the liquid crystal layer of the nanocapsule.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The difference in refractive index between the negative-type nematic liquid crystal molecule and the nano-sized capsule is ±0.1.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Opposing the first substrate, including a second substrate formed with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer therebetween,
A thin film transistor is formed on the first substrate, and a color filter is formed on the second substrate.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Opposing the first substrate, including a second substrate formed with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer therebetween,
A liquid crystal display device in which a thin film transistor is formed on the first substrate and a color filter is formed on the thin film transistor.
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