CN106597589B - Slit grating and stereoscopic display device - Google Patents
Slit grating and stereoscopic display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106597589B CN106597589B CN201710056676.6A CN201710056676A CN106597589B CN 106597589 B CN106597589 B CN 106597589B CN 201710056676 A CN201710056676 A CN 201710056676A CN 106597589 B CN106597589 B CN 106597589B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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- G02B5/1814—Diffraction gratings structurally combined with one or more further optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors, prisms or other diffraction gratings
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a slit grating and a three-dimensional display device, and relates to the technical field of three-dimensional display. The slit grating includes: a first substrate provided with a first electrode; a second substrate having a second electrode provided on a surface thereof; the mode switching layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and comprises isolation columns and liquid crystal columns which are arranged in a staggered mode; when no electric field exists between the first electrode and the second electrode, the refractive index of the isolation column of the mode switching layer is the first refractive index, the refractive index of the liquid crystal column of the mode switching layer is the second refractive index, and the second refractive index is different from the first refractive index. The display crosstalk of the slit grating for stereoscopic display can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a slit grating and a three-dimensional display device.
Background
The slit grating stereo display technology is a mainstream naked eye 3D display technology, and a left eye view and a right eye view displayed by a display screen are projected to the left eye and the right eye of a person respectively through a slit element in front of the display screen, and then are fused by the brain to form a stereo display image.
The slit grating three-dimensional display technology is mainly divided into two types, namely a fixed grating three-dimensional display technology and an adjustable liquid crystal grating three-dimensional display technology. The fixed grating stereoscopic display technology can be further divided into a front slit grating stereoscopic display technology and a rear slit grating stereoscopic display technology. The front slit grating technology is that a slit element is attached to the front of a display screen, and odd and even columns of sub-pixels of the display screen are projected to human eyes respectively by the slit element. According to the rear slit grating technology, a slit element is positioned between a backlight and a display module, and three-dimensional display can be realized through parallel slit light and the parallel direction of the row pixels of a display screen. However, the fixed grating technology can only realize 3D display, and is not compatible with 2D display content. Referring to fig. 1, a TN liquid crystal panel is bound to a viewing surface of a display screen 10, and includes an upper polarizer 11, an upper substrate 12 and a lower substrate 13 arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 14 filled between the upper substrate and the lower substrate in sequence from top to bottom, wherein a polarization direction of the liquid crystal layer 14 is parallel to a light emitting direction of the display screen 10. A planar electrode is formed on the surface of the upper substrate 12 on the side closer to the liquid crystal layer 14. A plurality of sheet-like electrodes are formed on the surface of the lower substrate 13 on the side close to the liquid crystal layer 14, and the gaps between the sheet-like electrodes conform to the slit grating conditions for naked-eye 3D display. By providing square wave voltage required by the TN type liquid crystal panel, liquid crystal molecules at the corresponding electrode strips deflect, light rays at the position pass through, light rays between the electrode strips pass through, and 3D display can be achieved.
However, in the tunable liquid crystal grating, the liquid crystal layer 14 of the liquid crystal grating may be divided into a plurality of slit units, such as the slit unit adjacent to the unit having different deflection directions of the electrodes on the surface of the lower substrate 13 near the liquid crystal layer 14 and the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the electrodes in the liquid crystal layer 14. The slit unit is influenced by the field effect of the edge of the electrode at the junction, liquid crystal molecules at the junction deflect a little, and irregular arrangement appears under the influence of an electric field a little, so that display crosstalk is caused, the 3D display effect is influenced, and the comfort level of a viewer is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a slit grating and a stereoscopic display device, wherein isolation columns and liquid crystal columns are arranged between a first substrate and a second substrate of the slit grating in a staggered arrangement, wherein refractive indexes of the isolation columns are not affected by an electric field, and 2D and 3D display for stereoscopic display is realized by applying or not applying voltage, so that display crosstalk for 3D display can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a slit grating, the slit grating comprising: a first substrate provided with a first electrode; a second substrate having a second electrode provided on a surface thereof; the mode switching layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and comprises isolation columns and liquid crystal columns which are arranged in a staggered mode; when no electric field exists between the first electrode and the second electrode, the refractive index of the isolation column of the mode switching layer is the first refractive index, the refractive index of the liquid crystal column of the mode switching layer is the second refractive index, and the second refractive index is different from the first refractive index.
Preferably, in the slit grating, the slit grating further includes a polarizing layer, a first alignment layer, and a second alignment layer, the polarizing layer is stacked on the first substrate, the first alignment layer is stacked on the first electrode layer, and the second alignment layer is stacked on the second electrode layer.
Preferably, in the slit grating, the first electrode includes a plurality of sheet electrodes, and the plurality of sheet electrodes correspond to the liquid crystal columns one to one.
Preferably, in the slit grating, the second electrode includes a plurality of sheet electrodes, and the plurality of sheet electrodes correspond to the liquid crystal columns one to one.
Preferably, in the slit grating, the polarizing layer includes a reflective spectroscopic polarizer and a transmissive polarizer, and the reflective spectroscopic polarizer and the transmissive polarizer are alternately disposed on the first substrate.
Preferably, in the slit grating, the polarizing layer includes a reflective spectroscopic polarizer disposed on the first substrate.
Preferably, in the slit grating, a light transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer is parallel to a direction of the second alignment layer, and a direction of the first alignment layer is perpendicular to the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer.
Preferably, in the slit grating, the first refractive index is a refractive index of ordinary light corresponding to the liquid crystal array, and the second refractive index is a refractive index of extraordinary light corresponding to the liquid crystal array.
Preferably, in the slit grating, the barrier columns have a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the side lengths of the barrier columns in the arrangement direction of the barrier columns and the liquid crystal columns are longer than the side lengths of the barrier columns in the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal columns
Q is interpupillary distance, WPIs the pixel pitch.
A stereoscopic display device comprises a 2D display unit and the slit grating, wherein the 2D display unit is fixedly connected with a second substrate of the slit grating.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the invention provides a slit grating and a three-dimensional display device. The slit grating comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a mode switching layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are respectively provided with a first electrode and a second electrode, the mode switching layer comprises isolation columns and liquid crystal columns which are alternately arranged, the refractive indexes of the isolation columns are not changed under the two conditions that an electric field exists between the first electrode and the second electrode and the electric field does not exist, the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal columns correspond to two different refractive indexes under the two conditions, and light can be respectively emitted from all positions of the second substrate and only can be refracted from the positions of the second substrate corresponding to the isolation columns but not emitted from the positions corresponding to the liquid crystal columns. The isolation columns in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention are not influenced by an electric field, so that the slit grating in the scheme can effectively overcome the problem that the slit unit is influenced by the field effect of the edge of the electrode at the junction to influence the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the prior art, thereby influencing the display effect in three-dimensional display.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable liquid crystal grating display technique according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a slit grating according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating another structure of a slit grating according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating another structure of a slit grating according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a further structure of a slit grating according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a slit grating according to a first embodiment of the present invention when a voltage is applied;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a stereoscopic display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a 3D function of a stereoscopic display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 10-a display screen; 11-upper polarizer; 12-an upper substrate; 13-lower substrate; 14-a liquid crystal layer; 100-slit grating; 110-a first substrate; 111-a first electrode; 120-a second substrate; 121-a second electrode; 130-mode switching layer; 131-isolated columns; 132-liquid crystal columns; 140-a polarizing layer; 141-a reflective spectroscopic polarizer; 142-a transmissive polarizer; 150-a first alignment layer; 160-a second alignment layer; 200-stereoscopic display devices; 210-2D display unit; 211-a display panel; 212-a backlight unit; 220-left eye; 230-right eye; 240-left eye view; 250-right eye view.
Detailed Description
When the conventional adjustable slit grating is used for stereoscopic display, crosstalk is generated in a 3D state due to mutual influence of electrodes between adjacent slit units.
In view of the above, the inventors have conducted long-term research and extensive practice to provide a slit grating and a stereoscopic display device to improve the existing problems.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 2, the slit grating 100 includes a first substrate 110, a second substrate 120, and a mode-switching layer 130. The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are disposed opposite to each other, and the mode switching layer 130 is disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. The first substrate 110 is provided with a first electrode 111, and the surface of the second substrate 120 is provided with a second electrode 121. The mode switching layer 130 includes a barrier column 131 and a liquid crystal column 132 arranged in a staggered manner.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the slit grating 100 further includes a polarizing layer 140, a first alignment layer 150, and a second alignment layer 160. The polarizing layer 140 is stacked on the first substrate 110, the first alignment layer 150 is stacked on the first electrode 111, and the second alignment layer 160 is stacked on the second electrode 121.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first electrode 111 is disposed on a surface of the first substrate 110 opposite to the second substrate 120. The polarizing layer 140 is disposed on a surface of the first substrate 110 on a side away from the second substrate 120. A surface of the first electrode 111 on a side facing the second substrate 120 is provided with a first alignment layer 150. The second electrode 121 and the second alignment layer 160 are sequentially stacked on the surface of the second substrate 120. The barrier columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 are alternately arranged between the first alignment layer 150 and the second alignment layer 160.
As another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the polarizing layer 140, the first electrode 111, and the first alignment layer 150 are sequentially stacked in a direction in which the first substrate 110 faces the second substrate 120, wherein the polarizing layer 140 is disposed on a surface of the first substrate 110 facing the second substrate 120. In addition, the second electrode 121 and the second alignment layer 160 are sequentially stacked on the side of the second substrate 120 facing the first substrate 110, wherein the second electrode 121 is disposed on the surface of the second substrate 120. The barrier columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 are alternately arranged between the first alignment layer 150 and the second alignment layer 160.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the isolated columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 in the drawings is only an illustration, the number of the isolated columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 is not a limitation, and the number of the isolated columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 may be set as required.
In an embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 2 or fig. 3, the first electrode 111 may be a planar electrode, the first electrode 111 is an integral electrode layer, the first electrode 111 corresponds to the first substrate 110, and the planar electrode is disposed on the surface of the first substrate 110 and corresponds to the entire mode switching layer 130.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the first electrode 111 may also include a plurality of sheet electrodes. The sheet-like electrodes of the first electrodes 111 are strip-shaped electrodes and correspond to the liquid crystal columns 132 in shape. The first electrode 111 is disposed on the surface of the first substrate 110, and the plurality of sheet electrodes of the first electrode 111 correspond to the liquid crystal columns 132 one to one. That is, each sheet electrode of the first electrodes 111 corresponds to one liquid crystal column 132 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal column 132. It is preferable to electrically connect the plurality of sheet electrodes to each other so that the same voltage is applied to the sheet electrodes of the first electrode 111 to form the same electric field as that between the second electrodes 121.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the first alignment layer 150 includes a plurality of sub-alignment layers. The sub-alignment layers are disposed between the liquid crystal columns 132 and the sheet electrodes of the first electrode 111 in a one-to-one correspondence. And a plurality of sheet electrodes, a plurality of sub-alignment layers, and liquid crystal columns 132 are disposed between the barrier columns 131.
In the embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 2 or fig. 3, the second electrode 121 may be a planar electrode, the second electrode 121 is an integral electrode layer, and the second electrode 121 corresponds to the second substrate 120. The planar electrode is disposed on the surface of the first substrate 110 and corresponds to the entire mode-switching layer 130.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the second electrode 121 may also include a plurality of sheet electrodes. The sheet-like electrodes of the second electrode 121 are strip-shaped electrodes and correspond to the liquid crystal columns 132 in shape. The plurality of sheet electrodes of the second electrode 121 correspond to the liquid crystal columns 132 one to one. That is, each sheet electrode of the second electrodes 121 corresponds to one liquid crystal column 132 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal column 132. It is preferable to electrically connect the plurality of tab electrodes of the second electrode 121 to each other so that the same voltage is applied to the tab electrodes of the second electrode 121 to form the same electric field as that between the second electrodes 121.
Further, the second alignment layer 160 includes a plurality of sub-alignment layers corresponding to the barrier columns 131 and a plurality of sub-alignment layers corresponding to the liquid crystal columns 132. Of course, the second alignment layer 160 may include only the sub-alignment layers corresponding to the liquid crystal columns 132.
Of course, it is understood that, in the present embodiment, the first electrode 111 of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 may be a planar electrode, and the second electrode 121 may be a plurality of sheet electrodes, or the second electrode 121 may be a planar electrode and the first electrode 111 may be a plurality of sheet electrodes, which is not limited in the present embodiment.
Specifically, the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 may be transparent electrodes, and of course, specific materials of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and may also be other transparent conductive materials.
In the embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 5, the polarizing layer 140 may include a reflective spectroscopic polarizer 141 and a transmissive polarizer 142. The reflective spectroscopic polarizer 141 and the transmissive polarizer 142 are alternately disposed on the first substrate 110. The reflective light-splitting polarizers 141 are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid crystal rows 132, and the transparent polarizers are in one-to-one correspondence with the isolation rows 131. The reflective light-splitting polarizer 141 is used to reflect light that cannot be refracted, and can improve the utilization rate of light when used for stereoscopic display. The reflective polarizer may be a sub-wavelength reflective spectroscopic polarizer, and the specific type of the reflective spectroscopic polarizer 141 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and may be other reflective spectroscopic polarizers 141.
In the embodiment of the invention, the polarizing layer 140 may also include only the reflective spectroscopic polarizer 141. The reflective spectroscopic polarizer 141 is disposed on the first substrate 110. The reflective dichroic polarizer 141 reflects light that cannot be refracted, and thus can improve the utilization of light and reduce the loss of light due to the liquid crystal columns 132 when used for stereoscopic display.
Of course, in the embodiment of the present invention, the polarizing layer 140 may also include only the transmissive polarizer 142, and the specific type of polarizer used in the polarizing layer 140 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer 140 is parallel to the direction of the second alignment layer 160, and the direction of the first alignment layer 150 is perpendicular to the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer 140.
Specifically, the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are transparent base materials. The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 may be glass substrates, but the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 may also be other transparent substrates, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The liquid crystal columns 132 are liquid crystal materials having electrically controlled birefringence. The liquid crystal material in the liquid crystal array 132 has fluidity and has a property of anisotropic alignment of crystalline substance molecules. When the liquid crystal column 132 is in an electric field, liquid crystal molecules are subjected to a force that changes the orientation of the molecular axes due to the anisotropy of the dielectric constant and the electric conductivity of the liquid crystal. The torque caused by this electric field causes the molecular axis to rotate. Therefore, in this state, the optical properties of the liquid crystal columns 132 are different from those before the electric field is applied, and the birefringence is also affected by the electric field. In the embodiment of the invention, the refractive index of the liquid crystal corresponding to the ordinary ray is nOThe refractive index of the liquid crystal corresponding to the extraordinary ray is nE. Under different electric field control, the refractive index of the liquid crystal column 132 will be at nOAnd nETo change between.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the isolation columns 131 are made of a transparent solid material, and the refractive index of the isolation columns 131 is not changed by the influence of the electric field. The spacer columns 131 may effectively space the liquid crystal columns 132 in embodiments of the present invention. In particular, the isolated columns 131 may be a UV-curable liquid crystal material, which is a UV-curable liquid crystal materialThe forming method can be obtained by heating the liquid crystal melted into a molten state, coating the liquid crystal on the surface of the alignment layer and then curing the liquid crystal. Of course, the isolated column 131 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and may be other transparent solid materials, such as optical glue with single refractive index, and the refractive index is not changed due to the influence of the electric field. When the isolation columns 131 are solid and are transparent, the refractive index of the isolation columns is nO' the refractive index of the liquid crystal column 132 corresponding to the extraordinary ray is nE', n should be satisfied between the barrier columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 in the present embodimentE>nE′＝nO>nO′。
The barrier columns 131 are rectangular parallelepiped structures, and the sides of the rectangular parallelepiped structures in the arrangement direction of the barrier columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 are preferably long
Q is interpupillary distance, WPIs the pixel pitch. The pixel pitch is a pixel pitch of the 2D display unit of the stereoscopic display device 200 when the slit grating 100 is used for stereoscopic display. Of course, the side length of the isolated column 131 is not a limitation in the present embodiment.
The liquid crystal columns 132 are arranged in the absence of an electric field in the manner shown in FIG. 3. Referring to fig. 6, when an electric field exists in the liquid crystal array 132, the arrangement of the liquid crystal is changed relative to the arrangement of the liquid crystal in fig. 3 without the electric field, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal array 132 is also changed due to the electric field. The electric field formed in the liquid crystal column 132 can be realized by applying a voltage to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121. In the embodiment in which an electric field is formed in the liquid crystal column 132 by applying a voltage, when no voltage is applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, no electric field can be generated in the liquid crystal column 132. Next, an example in which an electric field is formed between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 by applying a voltage will be described.
When an electric field exists between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, the refractive indexes of the isolation column 131 and the liquid crystal column 132 of the mode-switching layer 130 are the first refractive index. In particular, for the first electricityThe voltages applied to the electrodes 111 and 121 may be different voltages applied to the first electrodes 111 and the second electrodes 121, so that a voltage difference is generated between the first electrodes 111 and the second electrodes 121 to form an electric field. When there is no electric field between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, the refractive index of the isolation column 131 of the mode-switching layer 130 is the first refractive index, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal column 132 of the mode-switching layer 130 is the second refractive index. The first refractive index is different from the second refractive index. Wherein the first refractive index is nOThe second refractive index is nE。
When the slit grating 100 is used for stereoscopic display, the transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer 140 may be parallel to the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer of the display panel, and when there is no electric field between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, light passes through the isolation column 131 and then exits from the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110, and light passes through the liquid crystal column 132 and then rotates by 90 ° and can exit from the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110. When an electric field exists between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, specifically, different voltages may be applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 to cause an electric field to exist between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal column 132 are deflected, and light passes through the barrier column 131 and exits the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110, and light passes through the liquid crystal column 132 and exits the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110.
Of course, the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer 140 may also be perpendicular to the light transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer of the display panel, in this case, when there is no electric field in the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, light passes through the isolation column 131 and then is emitted from the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110, and light passes through the liquid crystal column 132 and then can be emitted from the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110. When an electric field exists between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, specifically, different voltages are applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 to cause the electric field to exist between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, so that liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal column 132 are deflected, light passes through the isolated column 131 and is emitted from the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110, and light passes through the liquid crystal column 132 and cannot be emitted from the polarizing layer 140 on the first substrate 110.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 7, the stereoscopic display device 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a 2D display unit 210 and the slit grating 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The 2D display unit 210 is fixedly connected to the second substrate 120 of the slit grating 100.
Specifically, the 2D Display unit 210 may be a liquid Crystal Display unit, including a backlight unit 212 and a Display panel 211, as shown in fig. 7, wherein the backlight unit 212 may be a direct-type or edge-type backlight unit 212 including light sources such as L ED (L ED Emitting Diode) or CCF L (cold Fluorescent L amp), the Display panel 211 may be a TFT _ L CD (Thin Film Transistor-L required Crystal Display), or other Display panel 211, of course, when the 2D Display unit 210 is a self-light Emitting Display device, the backlight unit 212 may be omitted, and in this embodiment, it is not limited, one side of the Display panel 211 of the 2D Display unit 210 is fixedly connected to the second substrate 120 of the slit grating 100, when the stereoscopic Display device 200 is a front-type, an upper polarizer of the Display panel 211 is fixedly connected to the second substrate 120 of the slit grating 100, and when the stereoscopic Display device 200 is a rear-type, the slit grating 211 is fixedly connected to the second substrate 120 of the Display panel 100.
Further, the transmission axes of the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer of the display panel 211 are perpendicular to each other. Are perpendicular to each other so as to provide a higher extinction ratio, resulting in a higher contrast ratio of the display panel 211.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer of the display panel 211 may be parallel to the transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer 140 of the slit grating 100.
When a voltage is applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, an electric field is generated between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal column 132 of the liquid crystal slit grating 100 is changed. Specifically, the voltages applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 may be different voltages applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, so that a voltage difference is generated between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121 to form an electric field. Therefore, light emitted by the display panel 211 can be refracted out of the polarizing layer 140 corresponding to the liquid crystal column 132, the refractive index of the isolation column 131 does not change with the electric field, and the light can be refracted out of the polarizing layer 140 corresponding to the isolation column 131, so that the liquid crystal column 132 and the isolation column 131 are both in a bright state, and pictures of the display panel 211 observed by the left eye 220 and the right eye 230 of human eyes are consistent, thereby realizing a 2D display state.
When no voltage is applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, light emitted from the display panel 211 cannot be refracted out of the polarizing layer 140 corresponding to the liquid crystal column 132, and can be refracted out of the polarizing layer 140 corresponding to the isolation column 131. Thus, the liquid crystal columns 132 are in a dark state, and the isolation columns 131 are in a bright state, i.e., the isolation columns 131 and the liquid crystal columns 132 form periodically arranged black and white stripes. As shown in fig. 8, a left eye 220 and a right eye 230 of a user can respectively obtain a left eye view 240 and a right eye view 250 in a 2D display unit 210 through a slit grating 100, so as to achieve a 3D display state, and effectively overcome crosstalk caused by an electrode edge field effect between adjacent slit units when an adjustable grating in the prior art achieves 3D display.
The transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer of the display panel 211 may also be perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer 140 of the slit grating 100. Thus, when different voltages are applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, the stereoscopic display device 200 realizes a 3D display state, and when no voltage is applied to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 121, the stereoscopic display device 200 realizes a 2D display state.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a slit grating and a stereoscopic display device. The slit grating comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a mode switching layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are respectively provided with a first electrode and a second electrode, the mode switching layer comprises isolation columns and liquid crystal columns which are alternately arranged, the refractive indexes of the isolation columns are not changed under the two conditions that an electric field exists between the first electrode and the second electrode and the electric field does not exist, the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal columns correspond to two different refractive indexes under the two conditions, and light can be respectively emitted from all positions of the second substrate and can only be emitted from the positions of the second substrate corresponding to the isolation columns but can not be emitted from the positions corresponding to the liquid crystal columns. The isolation columns in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention are not influenced by an electric field, so that the slit grating in the scheme can effectively overcome the problem that the slit unit is influenced by the field effect of the edge of the electrode at the junction to influence the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the prior art, thereby influencing the display effect in three-dimensional display.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described above with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the invention presented in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A slit grating, comprising:
a first substrate provided with a first electrode;
a second substrate having a second electrode provided on a surface thereof;
the mode switching layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and comprises isolation columns and liquid crystal columns which are arranged in a staggered mode;
wherein refractive indices of the isolated column and the liquid crystal column of the mode-switching layer are a first refractive index when an electric field is present between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a refractive index of the isolated column of the mode-switching layer is a first refractive index and a refractive index of the liquid crystal column of the mode-switching layer is a second refractive index different from the first refractive index when an electric field is not present between the first electrode and the second electrode;
wherein the refractive index of the liquid crystal array corresponding to the ordinary ray is nOThe refractive index of the liquid crystal column corresponding to the extraordinary ray is nEUnder different electric field control, the refractive index of the liquid crystal array is nOAnd nEChange in between; the isolation column is made of UV ultraviolet curing liquid crystal material, is melted into molten liquid crystal by heating, and is coated on the surface of the alignment layerThen curing to obtain a solid transparent material with birefringence, wherein the refractive index of the isolated column corresponding to the ordinary light is nO' refractive index n corresponding to extraordinary rayE' the refractive index between the isolation column and the liquid crystal column satisfies nE>nE′＝nO>nO′；
The slit grating further comprises a polarizing layer, a first orientation layer and a second orientation layer, the polarizing layer is stacked with the first substrate, the first orientation layer is stacked with the first electrode, and the second orientation layer is stacked with the second electrode;
the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer is parallel to the direction of the second alignment layer, and the direction of the first alignment layer is vertical to the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing layer;
the first alignment layer comprises a plurality of sub-alignment layers, and the sub-alignment layers are correspondingly arranged between the liquid crystal columns and the sheet electrodes of the first electrode one by one;
the second alignment layer includes a plurality of sub-alignment layers corresponding to the liquid crystal columns;
the first refractive index is the refractive index of ordinary light corresponding to the liquid crystal array, and the second refractive index is the refractive index of extraordinary light corresponding to the liquid crystal array;
the isolation column is of a cuboid structure, and the side length of the isolation column in the arrangement direction of the isolation column and the liquid crystal column
Q is interpupillary distance, WPIs the pixel pitch.
2. The slit grating of claim 1, wherein the first electrode comprises a plurality of plate electrodes, and the plurality of plate electrodes correspond to the liquid crystal columns one to one.
3. The slit grating of claim 1, wherein the second electrode comprises a plurality of plate electrodes, and the plurality of plate electrodes correspond to the liquid crystal columns one to one.
4. The slit grating of claim 1, wherein the polarizing layer comprises a reflective spectroscopic polarizer and a transmissive polarizer, and the reflective spectroscopic polarizer and the transmissive polarizer are alternately disposed on the first substrate.
5. The slit grating of claim 1, wherein the polarizing layer comprises a reflective spectroscopic polarizer disposed on the first substrate.
6. A stereoscopic display device, comprising a 2D display unit and the slit grating of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the 2D display unit is fixedly connected with the second substrate of the slit grating.
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