CN1705903A - Parallax barrier element, method of producing the same, and display device - Google Patents
Parallax barrier element, method of producing the same, and display device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A parallax barrier element has a pair of transparent electrode substrates each having a transparent electrode formed on them. In the gap between the pair of transparent electrode substrates, there are formed a barrier light-shielding portion for separating light of a first image viewable from a first direction and light of a second image viewable from a second direction that is different from the first direction, and a transmission portion for allowing the transmission of the first image and the second image. A liquid crystal layer is formed in the barrier light-shielding portion, and a translucent resin layer is formed in the transmission portion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly need not special glasses and can switch different image and identical image and the parallax barrier of watching (parallax barrier) element and manufacture method thereof to a plurality of viewpoints.In addition, the invention still further relates to display device with parallax barrier element.
Background technology
At present, for the mode that under the situation of not using glasses, shows 3-D view multiple mode has been proposed.As one of aforesaid way, the biconvex lens method is well-known.Biconvex lens is fitted together by a plurality of lenslets and forms, and uses the direct of travel of biconvex lens control light, so that right eye arrives right eye with image, left eye arrives left eye with image.But ubiquity can not switch the problem of demonstration in the biconvex lens mode between 3-D view and two dimensional image.
Another kind of display mode as 3-D view has proposed the parallax barrier mode.In this mode, used the shading slit of the stria shape that is called as the fence striped.For example, on the position of rear, distance shading slit certain intervals, replace the right eye image and the left eye image of show bar line shape, by watching via the shading slit, right eye enters observer's right eye with image thereby only set for, and only left eye enters observer's left eye with image.Thus, do not use glasses just can watch stereo-picture.In the aforesaid way, the light shielding part and the portion of seeing through have been fixed as fence.Thereby, when desiring to watch two dimensional image, because light shielding part becomes obstacle, so the problem of the two dimensional image that existence can not obtain becoming clear.
Open to disclose in the flat 5-122733 communique the spy and a kind ofly on a display panels, show 3-D view, use another display panels to produce the method for fence striped picture and stereos copic viewing 3-D view by the electronics mode.By said method, when showing two dimensional image, can eliminate the fence striped that offends the eye and show.Therefore, can show two dimensional image bright and that be easy to watch, make the possibility that is switching to of 3-D view and two dimensional image.When adopting as above technology, must come composition to be formed for showing the transparency electrode shape of the display panels of fence striped picture according to the shape of fence striped.Particularly during the transparency electrode composition, must carry out etch processes etc.,, then can often break the problem that exists yield rate to reduce if when therefore wanting to form fine electrode pattern.
A kind of method that produces fence striped and stereos copic viewing image that polarizer behind liquid crystal panel and the composition is made up is disclosed in the Te Kaiping 8-76110 communique.Fig. 7 is the special sectional view of opening the summary of the device for displaying three-dimensional image of putting down in writing in the flat 8-76110 communique of expression.Open below in conjunction with 7 couples of spies of accompanying drawing that disclosed device for displaying three-dimensional image describes in the flat 8-76110 communique.
The liquid crystal panel 10B that is used to produce the fence striped is arranged on the front of image display device 20B, and image display device 20B comprises: right eye is with the pixel portions 101 of image and the left eye pixel portions 102 with image.Liquid crystal layer 33 is seized on both sides by the arms in the substrate of for example being made by glass etc. 31,32.Be provided with polarization plates 34 between infrabasal plate 32 and the image display device 20B.
On upper substrate 31, dispose patterned polarization plates 30B.Polarization plates 30B has polarization film (to call the PVA film in the following text) the 50 no polarized regions 52 that is divided into the polarized regions 51 with polarization function and do not have polarization function, that made by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).The transparent support plate 60 that PVA film 50 is made by triacetyl cellulose (being designated as " TAC ") or glass etc. is seized on both sides by the arms.Like this, just formed patterned polarization plates 30B.
Fig. 8 is for representing the sectional view of the displaying principle that the special 3-D view of opening the 3-D image display device of putting down in writing in the flat 8-76110 communique shows.With reference to Fig. 8 the displaying principle of 3-D view is described.Polarization direction in the polarized regions 51 of the polarization direction of polarization plates 34 and polarization plates 30B is set at quadrature.By apply voltage to liquid crystal panel 10B the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer 33 is holded up, polarized regions 51 just becomes fence.And not having polarized regions 52 passes through light and irrelevant with the polarization direction.Therefore, because polarized regions 51 becomes the parallax barrier at pixel portions 101,102, so can show 3-D view by the parallax barrier mode.
Fig. 9 is for representing the sectional view of the displaying principle that the special two dimensional image of opening the 3-D image display device of putting down in writing in the flat 8-76110 communique shows.With reference to Fig. 9 the displaying principle of two dimensional image is described.Do not apply at liquid crystal panel 10B under the state of voltage, polarized regions 52 become can printing opacity state.Therefore, polarized regions 52 does not become fence, and light sees through from the surface of whole liquid crystal panel 10B.Under above-mentioned state, become two dimensional image by the display image that makes pixel portions 101,102, thereby can observe two dimensional image.
Open the technology of flat 8-76110 communique by the spy, even fine fence striated pattern by polarization plates 30B is carried out composition, thereby need not the etched electrodes figure.Therefore, can provide a kind of fence striated pattern of the poorly formed complicated shape that can not break also can between two dimensional image and 3-D view, carry out the stereoscopic display device that TURP changes.
But the spy opens in the flat 8-76110 communique disclosed polarization plates 30B and have following shortcoming on making.Manufacturing process to polarization plates 30B is explained below.The PVA film 50 that prolongs is attached on the transparent supporting bodies 60 such as glass or TAC, on PVA film 50, forms resist film.After the part 52 that does not need to give polarization function covered, with exposed portions serve 51 dyeing of the iodine of giving polarization function or dichromatism seven material with PVA film 50.
Organic polymer (resin) film, particularly the PVA film 50 that uses as polarization film are compared with inorganic material such as glass, and easier generation is for expansion, the contraction of heat or moisture etc., and dimensional variations is bigger.Therefore, much less PVA is pasted the situation on the substrate of organic polymer classes such as TAC,, also might produce change in size owing to the lateral excursion of adhesives even paste under the situation on the less glass substrate of dimensional variations via adhesives.
When adopting photoetching process on the PVA film, to form the resist figure, must carry out carrying out heating processes such as resist stripping process and resist roasting by alkaline soda water solution equal solvent.Therefore, for the design size of resist (fence) composition, the processing dimension of actual resist figure is easy to change, has produced deviation with respect to fence figure design size.And, form polarization plates 30B, the liquid crystal panel 10B of fence striated pattern and shown the image display device 20B that right and left eyes is used, must be with the position of good precision setting in regulation, along with the figure of the fence striped heighten degree positional precision that becomes more meticulous is also just strict more.
As mentioned above, when patterned dimensions changes bigger PVA film 50, because dimensional variations is big, so processing dimension can produce deviation with respect to design size.Therefore, the dimensional accuracy of fence striated pattern descends, and since fence striated pattern and image display figure check precise decreasing, thereby exist 3D rendering shown the dysgenic problem that produces.
And, in order to dye with iodine or dichroic dye utilizing on the PVA film 50 of resist composition, must import the new technology of not using in the existing liquid crystal indicator manufacture process, there is the other problem that becomes miscellaneous of making that makes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention finishes in view of the problems referred to above, an one purpose is to provide a kind of parallax barrier element, adopt the manufacturing process of existing liquid crystal indicator, can dimensional accuracy form fine fence figure well, and can realize showing and not showing the fence figure in the mode of electricity.
Parallax barrier element of the present invention has a pair of transparent electrode substrate that is formed with transparency electrode respectively, be formed with the fence light shielding part and see through portion in the gap of described a pair of transparent electrode substrate, described fence light shielding part separates the light of the 1st image of watching from the 1st direction and the light of the 2nd image of watching from the 2nd direction different with described the 1st direction respectively; The described portion that sees through sees through the light of described the 1st image and the light of described the 2nd image respectively, wherein is formed with liquid crystal layer in described fence light shielding part, at the described resin bed that is formed with light transmission in the portion that sees through.The refractive index of the resin bed of described light transmission is typically roughly isotropy.
Parallax barrier element of the present invention is split into the zone of being filled by the resin of light transmission and has filled the zone with the anisotropic liquid crystal material of refractive index.Because the refractive index of translucent resin layer is typically roughly isotropy, after the polarized light after utilizing polarization plates by the straight line polarization is injected into the zone of being filled by translucent resin, will keep polarization state and through the translucent resin layer.
On the other hand, in having filled zone, inject the polarized light in the liquid crystal layer, according to the state of orientation change polarization state of liquid crystal layer with the anisotropic liquid crystal material of refractive index.Thereby, according to the zone of cutting apart by above-mentioned structure, can separate polarization state, carry out suitable axle configuration by a pair of polarization plates that will seize a pair of transparent electrode substrate on both sides by the arms, can form through portion and fence light shielding part.
In this instructions, " the 1st direction " and " the 2nd direction " is observer's direction of visual lines, and is mutual different direction.For example, the direction of visual lines of certain observer's left eye is mutual different direction with the direction of visual lines of right eye, is equivalent to " the 1st direction " and " the 2nd direction " in this instructions.And a plurality of observers for example watch the observer of display surface and watch the observer of display surface from the left side from the right side, and their direction of visual lines is equivalent to " the 1st direction " and " the 2nd direction " of this instructions respectively.
In this manual, " the 1st image of watching from the 1st direction " and " the 2nd image of watching from the 2nd direction " is different image mutually.By watching different images, have following advantage: for example by certain observer's left eye image of watching and the image of watching by right eye as different images, because two parallax can be realized stereo display.But the 1st image can not have related with the 2nd image mutually yet.For example, on the display of auto navigation, can show the image of the television broadcasting of the image of Traffic Information and the company of having no truck with simultaneously.Thus, when the driver of driver's seat one side watched the image of Traffic Information, the passenger of co-pilot seat can watch the image of television broadcasting.
And, described " light of image ", the light that just sends from the pixel portions of display element does not also comprise pixel portions that is injected into display element and the light that forms image.
Described fence light shielding part and described seeing through on the direction of portion in the face of the face parallel with described a pair of transparent electrode substrate are alternately disposed, the width of the described fence light shielding part on the direction in described is preferably greater than the described width that sees through portion on the direction that equals in described.
In order to show the 1st image and the 2nd image, the fence lightproof area has the function that the light of the light of the 1st image that will watch from the 1st direction and the 2nd image of watching from the 2nd direction separates.For example, in order to show stereo-picture, has the function that right eye is separated with the light of image with the light of image and left eye.But, when the width of fence light shielding part is narrower than the width of the portion of seeing through, the separation function of the image light in the fence lightproof area is descended.Thereby, when for example showing stereo-picture, owing to the observer watches under the state that right eye mixes with image light with image light and left eye,,, can not watch good stereo-picture so Dual Images (crosstalk: crosstalk) can take place.
Make its relation that satisfies La≤Lb by the width (Lb) of setting fence lightproof area and the width (La) of the portion of seeing through, thereby guarantee that the fence lightproof area has preferable image light separation function.Therefore, the good stereo-picture that can for example not had Dual Images (crosstalk: crosstalk).
Can be that described liquid crystal layer is to contain the parallel-oriented liquid crystal layer that dielectric constant anisotropy Δ ε is positive liquid crystal material, and when not applying voltage, have 1/2 wavelength of the light that is injected into described liquid crystal layer, i.e. the delay of λ/2 (λ is a lambda1-wavelength).Thus, be injected into the polarized light of liquid crystal layer, owing to can make plane of polarization rotation, so can separate through the polarized light of liquid crystal layer with through the polarization direction of the polarized light of translucent resin by the liquid crystal layer of parallel (similar) orientation.Therefore, a pair of polarization plates of seizing a pair of transparent electrode substrate by setting on both sides by the arms makes it carry out suitable axle configuration, just can form through portion and fence light shielding part.
Can be that described liquid crystal layer is to contain the vertical orientated liquid crystal layer of dielectric constant anisotropy Δ ε for negative liquid crystal material, and when applying voltage, have 1/2 wavelength of the light that is injected into described liquid crystal layer, i.e. the delay of λ/2 (λ is a lambda1-wavelength).Because liquid crystal layer is for adopting dielectric constant anisotropy Δ ε vertical orientated for negative liquid crystal material, thus voltage applied by transparency electrode to parallax barrier element, thus state of orientation just changes to parallel-oriented.The delay (λ/2) of the liquid crystal layer when applying voltage, therefore the plane of polarization rotation, just can separate with the polarization direction through the polarized light of translucent resin the polarized light that sees through liquid crystal layer.Therefore, a pair of polarization plates of seizing a pair of transparent electrode substrate by setting on both sides by the arms makes it to carry out suitable axle configuration, just can form through portion and fence light shielding part.
Described liquid crystal layer also can be twisted nematic (Twisted Nematic) aligned liquid-crystal layer.Thus, be injected into the polarized light of liquid crystal layer,, therefore, can separate through the polarized light of liquid crystal layer and see through the polarization direction of the polarized light of translucent resin because the optical activity of the liquid crystal layer by TN orientation can make the plane of polarization rotation.Therefore, a pair of polarization plates of seizing a pair of transparent electrode substrate by setting on both sides by the arms makes it to carry out suitable axle configuration, just can form through portion and fence light shielding part.
The described transparency electrode that forms respectively on the described a pair of transparent electrode substrate is preferably does not have patterned common electrode.Transparent region and fence lightproof area are formed by translucent resin layer and liquid crystal layer respectively, therefore, do not need the fine figure of transparency electrode.Therefore, can not produce that to produce broken string bad owing to making the transparency electrode figure for example form wire, thereby can improve fabrication yield.
Parallax barrier element of the present invention also can also have a pair of polarization plates of seizing described a pair of transparent electrode substrate on both sides by the arms, and the easy direction of principal axis that sees through of described a pair of polarization plates roughly is parallel to each other.Because the easy direction of principal axis that sees through of a pair of polarization plates roughly is parallel to each other, therefore, the polarized light of injecting the translucent resin layer from the polarization plates of a side will be through the polarization plates of opposite side.That is, the zone of translucent resin layer becomes through the zone.Be injected into the polarized light of liquid crystal layer from the polarization plates of a side, owing to the delay of liquid crystal layer causes polarization state to change, so be difficult to see through the polarization plates of exit end.That is, the zone of liquid crystal layer becomes lightproof area.Therefore can form and see through zone and fence lightproof area.And axle is to see through axle hereinafter to be referred as seeing through easily.
Parallax barrier element of the present invention also can also have a pair of polarization plates of seizing described a pair of transparent electrode substrate on both sides by the arms, also be provided with in the gap between at least one transparent electrode substrate in described a pair of transparent electrode substrate and the described polarization plates relative with described at least one transparent electrode substrate the delay of 1/2 wavelength with incident light retardation plate (below, abbreviate λ/2 plates as), described a pair of polarization plates separately to see through easy direction of principal axis roughly mutually orthogonal.
Because a pair of polarization plates is orthogonal respectively through easy direction of principal axis,, thereby see through the polarization plates of the polarized light of translucent resin layer through exit end so the plane of polarization half-twist is provided with λ/2 plates.That is, the zone of translucent resin layer becomes through the zone.On the other hand, the delay of liquid crystal layer is λ/2, when a slice λ/2 plates is set at least in the mode with the direction of orientation quadrature of liquid crystal layer, see through the polarized light of liquid crystal layer under delay λ/2 effects of λ/2 plates and liquid crystal layer, 0 ° or 180 ° of plane of polarization rotation, therefore, the polarization of incident light direction does not change.Because a pair of polarization plates is roughly mutually orthogonal through easy direction of principal axis, so see through the polarization plates that the polarized light of liquid crystal layer can not see through exit end.That is, the zone of liquid crystal layer becomes lightproof area.Therefore, can form parallax barrier element with good shading performance.
Described translucent resin layer should be with the function of the pad (spacer) of the clearance constant that keeps described a pair of transparent electrode substrate.Like this, when forming the fence figure, also can form pad, therefore, simplify manufacturing process.
The manufacture method of parallax barrier element of the present invention comprises: thus on described transparent electrode substrate, apply light transmission resin material operation and to described translucent resin material implement to have utilized photomask exposure, develop and fire etc. each and handle the operation that forms described translucent resin layer.And the refractive index of described translucent resin material is typically roughly isotropy.
According to the manufacture method of parallax barrier element of the present invention, be patterned to striated or rectangular etc. translucent resin layer owing to formed by photoetching, therefore can dimensional accuracy form fine fence figure well.And owing to can adopt conventional photo-mask process just can form in the manufacturing process of liquid crystal indicator, so needn't import new technology, therefore manufacturing is easy to.
Display device of the present invention comprises: parallax barrier element of the present invention; Image-displaying member has the 1st pixel portions that constitutes described the 1st image and the 2nd pixel portions that constitutes described the 2nd image.When image-displaying member is the display element of non-emissive type, when for example being liquid crystal display cells, preferably also having and be configured in than described parallax barrier element and described image-displaying member outlying observation person's locational light source also.As light source, can enumerate the back of the body irradiation of area source mode of below of the face that for example light fixtures such as cold cathode fluorescent tube is configured in described parallax barrier element and image-displaying member and the back of the body irradiation etc. of edge light mode that lamp is configured in the end face of light guide plate.
Can be in the display device of the present invention, described the 1st pixel portions be the left eye pixel portions, and described the 2nd pixel portions is the right eye pixel portions.Like this, can obtain to switch the display device of stereo display and plane demonstration.
Preferably described liquid crystal layer carries out the switching of shading/see through according to the electric signal that offers a pair of described transparency electrode, shows that the 1st shows and the 2nd show for example stereo display (3-D view) and plane demonstration (two dimensional image) thereby switch.
Switch the 1st and show and the 2nd show by switching shading/see through, be shown as example with switching stereo display/plane below and describe.The gap of a pair of transparency electrode is split into the zone of filling with translucent resin and has filled the zone with the anisotropic liquid crystal material of refractive index.The light of injecting from light source is by polarization plates generation straight line polarization.When the parallax barrier element with shutter function that is used to form parallax barrier not being applied voltage, by the light source light behind the straight line polarization (polarized light) if incide the zone of filling by translucent resin, then because the refractive index of light-transmissive resin layer is typically roughly isotropy, even so see through the translucent resin layer, yet will keep original polarization state, and penetrate from parallax barrier element.
On the other hand, filled in the zone with the anisotropic liquid crystal material of refractive index, changed according to the state of orientation polarization state of liquid crystal layer.Thereby, according to the zone of cutting apart by above-mentioned structure, can separate polarization state.By so that the consistent mode of axle that sees through of the polarization direction of emergent light in zone and polarization plates that sees through disposes polarization plates just can form through portion and fence light shielding part.And, just can show stereo-picture with pixel portions and right eye with pixel portions by the combination left eye.
The parallax barrier element that utilization has a shutter function carries out two dimensional image when showing (when applying voltage under the condition of parallel or TN orientation, when not applying voltage under the vertical orientated condition), because the liquid crystal molecule that is filled between a pair of transparent electrode substrate is upright, can not be subjected to the anisotropic influence of refractive index of liquid crystal layer so be injected into the rectilinearly polarized light of parallax barrier element, but keep its polarization state to penetrate from parallax barrier element.That is, the polarized light that penetrates the zone that is filled with liquid crystal material is identical with the polarization polarized state of light that penetrates the zone that is filled with translucent resin, therefore, penetrates the polarized light in two zones, can see through the polarization plates of the exit end that is configured in parallax barrier element.Thereby parallax barrier disappears, and can show the bright two dimensional image of easily seeing.
Like this, filled in the fence lightproof area of liquid crystal material, can switch shading/see through by the electric signal that is applied to transparency electrode, thus, display device can be switched and shows 3-D view and two dimensional image.
Display device of the present invention has more than as the above-mentioned stereoscopic display device that utilizes binocular parallax, also can be used to make the observer about display frame can see the display of different images respectively.For example, display device of the present invention is used under the situation of display of vehicle mounted guidance, when the shutter function of parallax barrier element is opened, the driver of driver's seat one side and the passenger of co-pilot seat just can see different images, when the shutter function of parallax barrier element was closed, the driver just can see identical image with the passenger.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the summary of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the 3-D view demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the two dimensional image demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the 3-D view demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the two dimensional image demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the 3-D view demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 4.
Fig. 7 is the special sectional view of opening the summary of the 3-D image display device of putting down in writing in the flat 8-76110 communique of expression.
Fig. 8 is for representing the sectional view of the displaying principle that the special 3-D view of opening the 3-D image display device of putting down in writing in the flat 8-76110 communique shows.
Fig. 9 is for representing the sectional view of the displaying principle that the special two dimensional image of opening the 3-D image display device of putting down in writing in the flat 8-76110 communique shows.
Embodiment
Following one side is that example describes the specific embodiment of the present invention with the stereoscopic display device with reference to accompanying drawing on one side.But display device of the present invention is not limited to following stereoscopic display device.It for example also can be the display device that shows different images to a plurality of observers.At this moment, for the light with each image is separated into the image that a plurality of observers of the predetermined distance of being separated by should observe respectively, only need the light shielding part of parallax barrier element and the suitable setting of configuration figure of the portion of seeing through are got final product.
(embodiment 1)
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the summary of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 1.The stereoscopic display device of present embodiment possesses: the parallax barrier element 10A that shutter function is arranged; Be arranged on parallax barrier element 10A rear side (observer's an opposite side) image-displaying member 20 down together; Be arranged on the backlight (not shown) that also leans on rear side than image-displaying member 20.Image-displaying member 20 has the pixel portions 102 that shows that right eye is used image with the pixel portions 101 and the demonstration left eye of image.
Then, seeing through in the zone 112 of the gap of a pair of transparent electrode substrate 1,2, form the roughly isotropic translucent resin layer 12 of refractive index.And translucent resin layer 12 keeps the clearance constant of a pair of transparent electrode substrate 1,2 with the function of pad.
At this, width of fence lightproof area 111 (Lb) and the width (La) that sees through zone 112 satisfy the relation of La≤Lb.Therefore, the good stereo-picture that can not crosstalked.In addition, will in aftermentioned embodiment, elaborate for this point.
In the present embodiment, liquid crystal panel 10A is configured in the front of image-displaying member 20.But, in using the display device such as liquid crystal indicator of backlight as light source, promptly (electroluminescence: electroluminescence) in the display device the self-luminous display device such as display device, the front and back of liquid crystal panel 10A and image-displaying member 20 are provided with to put upside down also and can exert an influence except that EL.For example, also can be from observer's one side, set gradually order into image-displaying member 20, liquid crystal panel 10A, backlight (light source).
Below, with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the displaying principle of the stereoscopic display device of present embodiment is described.In addition, in the present embodiment,, when not applying voltage, have the situation that λ/2 postpone and describe containing the liquid crystal layer 11 that dielectric constant anisotropy is parallel (similar) orientation of positive liquid crystal material.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the 3-D view demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression present embodiment.As shown in Figure 2, to not when the liquid crystal panel 10A that plays the parallax barrier element function applies voltage, that is, the displaying principle when 3-D view shows describes.The direction of principal axis that sees through of polarization plates 3,4 is set to roughly be parallel to each other.And, the direction of orientation of liquid crystal layer 11 preferably be set to respect to polarization plates 3,4 to see through direction of principal axis at 45.And in Fig. 2, symbol X or Y represent the direction of plane of polarization respectively, and symbol X and symbol Y represent plane of polarization quadrature substantially separately.
At first, the light that sees through liquid crystal layer 11 is described.After being injected into liquid crystal layer 11 by the light behind the downside polarization plates 4 straight line polarizations, because the delay (λ/2) of liquid crystal layer 11, become the polarized light of polarization direction half-twist.Because a pair of polarization plates 3,4 sees through direction of principal axis separately and is set to mutual almost parallel, can not see through upside polarization plates 3 so see through the rectilinearly polarized light of liquid crystal layer 11.Therefore, the fence lightproof area 111 that has formed liquid crystal layer 11 shows for showing slinkingly, and can form parallax barrier.
Below, the light that sees through translucent resin layer 12 is described.After being injected into translucent resin layer 12 by the light behind the downside polarization plates 4 straight line polarizations,, therefore keep original polarization state to be injected into the upside polarization plates 3 of exit end because the refractive index of translucent resin layer 12 has anisotropy hardly.Since upside polarization plates 3 and downside polarization plates 4 separately see through the mutual almost parallel setting of direction of principal axis, so the light transmission upside polarization plates 3 of ejaculation translucent resin layer 12.Thus, the zone 112 that sees through that has formed translucent resin layer 12 becomes bright state, can show respectively that right eye is with image and left eye image.Therefore, owing to do not applying under the state of voltage to the liquid crystal panel 10A that carries out the polarized light separation, fence lightproof area 111 forms parallax barriers, so can show 3-D view.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the two dimensional image demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression use present embodiment.With reference to Fig. 3, when the liquid crystal panel 10A that is used for the polarized light separation was applied voltage, the displaying principle when promptly two dimensional image shows described.
At first, the light that sees through liquid crystal layer 11 is described.Applying under the state of voltage,,, keeping original state to inject upside polarization plates 3 so be injected into the influence that the rectilinearly polarized light of liquid crystal layer 11 is not subjected to liquid crystal layer 11 because the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer 11 becomes state upright on interelectrode direction.Therefore, see through upside polarization plates 3, become bright state so formed the fence lightproof area 111 of liquid crystal layer 11 owing to inject the rectilinearly polarized light of liquid crystal layer 11.
For the light that sees through translucent resin layer 12, identical when showing with 3-D view, owing to see through upside polarization plates 3, the zone 112 that sees through that has therefore formed translucent resin layer 12 is bright state.Thereby, liquid crystal panel 10A as parallax barrier performance function is applying under the state of voltage, adopt electric mode to eliminate parallax barrier, the zone 112 that sees through that has formed the fence light shielding part 111 of liquid crystal layer 11 and formed translucent resin layer 12 is bright state, therefore, can show bright two dimensional image.
(embodiment 2)
In embodiment 1, the situation of using a pair of polarization plates 3,4 is illustrated, still, where necessary, also can adopt retardation plates such as λ/4 plates or λ/2 plates and polarization plates are used in combination.In the embodiment 2, adopt the displaying principle of the stereoscopic display device of λ/2 plates to describe to retardation plate.In addition, with identical in the embodiment 1, the liquid crystal layer 11 of present embodiment is to contain the liquid crystal layer that dielectric constant anisotropy is parallel (similar) orientation of positive liquid crystal material, has the delay of λ/2 when not applying voltage.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the 3-D view demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression present embodiment.With reference to Fig. 4, when the liquid crystal panel 10A as parallax barrier element performance function was not applied voltage, the displaying principle when promptly 3-D view shows described.
λ/2 plates 5 in the transparent electrode substrate 1 that the stereoscopic display device of present embodiment comprises upside and the gap that is arranged on the upside polarization plates 3 relative with it.A pair of polarization plates 3,4 direction of principal axis that sees through separately is provided with mutually substantially orthogonally.And the direction of orientation of liquid crystal layer 11 preferably is provided with at 45 for the direction of principal axis that sees through with downside polarization plates 4.
At first, the light that sees through liquid crystal layer 11 is described.After being injected into liquid crystal layer 11 by the light behind the downside polarization plates 4 straight line polarizations, because the delay (λ/2) of liquid crystal layer 11 becomes the polarized light that the polarization direction has rotated 90 °.From the polarized light that liquid crystal layer 11 penetrates, through being arranged on λ/2 plates 5 of exit end, rotation is-90 ° again, returns to original polarization state.Because a pair of polarization plates 3,4 direction of principal axis that sees through separately is roughly quadrature setting mutually, can not see through upside polarization plates 3 so see through the rectilinearly polarized light of liquid crystal layer 11.Thereby the fence lightproof area 111 that has formed liquid crystal layer 11 shows for showing slinkingly, and can form parallax barrier.
Below, the light that sees through translucent resin layer 12 is described.After being injected into translucent resin layer 12 by the light behind the downside polarization plates 4 straight line polarizations,, therefore keep original polarization state to be injected in λ/2 plates 5 because the refractive index of translucent resin layer 12 has anisotropy hardly.This polarized light is injected into upside polarization plates 3 behind plane of polarization half-twist under the effect of λ/2 plates 5.That is, polarized light is injected into upside polarization plates 3 at it with respect to seeing through on the plane of polarization of direction of principal axis half-twist of downside polarization plates 4.Since upside polarization plates 3 see through direction of principal axis and downside polarization plates 4 see through roughly quadrature of direction of principal axis, so the polarized light that is injected into upside polarization plates 3 is through upside polarization plates 3.Thus, the zone 112 that sees through that has formed translucent resin layer 12 becomes bright state, can show respectively that right eye is with image and left eye image.Thereby owing to do not applying under the state of voltage to the liquid crystal panel 10A that carries out the polarized light separation, fence lightproof area 111 forms parallax barriers, so can show 3-D view.
Fig. 5 uses the stereoscopic display device of present embodiment for expression and shows the sectional view of the displaying principle of two dimensional image.With reference to Fig. 5 to the liquid crystal panel 10A that is used for polarized light and separates when applying voltage, the displaying principle when promptly two dimensional image shows describes.
At first, the light that sees through liquid crystal layer 11 is described.Applying under the state of voltage, because the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer 11 becomes state upright on interelectrode direction, the rectilinearly polarized light that is injected into liquid crystal layer 11 is not subjected to the influence of liquid crystal layer 11, keeps original state to be injected into λ/2 plates 5.This polarized light is the plane of polarization half-twist under the effect of λ/2 plates 5, injects upside polarization plates 3.Because the direction of principal axis that sees through of a pair of polarization plates 3,4 is roughly quadrature setting, see through upside polarization plates 3 so see through the rectilinearly polarized light of liquid crystal layer 11.Become bright state so formed the fence lightproof area 111 of liquid crystal layer 11.
For the light that sees through translucent resin layer 12, identical when showing with 3-D view, all through upside polarization plates 3, therefore, the zone 112 that sees through that has formed translucent resin layer 12 is bright state.Thereby, liquid crystal panel 10A as parallax barrier performance function is applying under the state of voltage, adopt method for electrically to eliminate parallax barrier, the zone 112 that sees through that has formed the fence lightproof area 111 of liquid crystal layer 11 and formed translucent resin layer 12 is bright state, therefore, can show bright two dimensional image.
As implement as described in mode 1 and 2, formed the zone (fence lightproof area) 111 of the liquid crystal layer 11 of liquid crystal panel 10A, when not applying voltage, can form parallax barrier.Therefore, image-displaying member 20 is used to show right eye image and the left eye 3-D view of image, forms parallax barrier on liquid crystal panel 10A, thereby can watch 3-D view.And, when image-displaying member 20 is used to show two Wesy display images, apply voltage to the liquid crystal panel 10A that uses as parallax barrier element, eliminate parallax barrier, just can show two dimensional image.Therefore, the stereoscopic display device by embodiment 1 and 2 can easily switch two dimensional image and 3-D view.
(embodiment 3)
In the embodiment 1 and 2, it is that the situation of liquid crystal layer 11 of parallel (similar) orientation of positive liquid crystal material is illustrated that use is contained dielectric constant anisotropy.In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 11 in the embodiment 1 and 2 is replaced by and is contained the vertical orientated liquid crystal layer of dielectric constant anisotropy for negative liquid crystal material, and this situation is described.And described vertical orientated liquid crystal layer has the delay of λ/2 when applying voltage.
Contain the vertical orientated liquid crystal layer 11 of dielectric constant anisotropy Δ ε for negative liquid crystal material, with containing dielectric constant anisotropy is that the parallel-oriented liquid crystal layer 11 of positive liquid crystal material is compared, and the state of orientation when not applying voltage and applying voltage is just in time opposite.Specifically, when not applying voltage, as Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 5, expression liquid crystal layer 11 is vertical orientated.Because liquid crystal layer 11 does not have delay, see through the light of liquid crystal layer 11 and translucent resin layer 12 respectively all through upside polarization plates 3.Therefore, the zone 112 that sees through that is formed with the fence lightproof area 111 of liquid crystal layer 11 and is formed with translucent resin layer 12 is bright state.
On the other hand, when applying voltage, because the dielectric constant anisotropy of liquid crystal layer 11 is for negative, so as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, represent parallel-oriented.Because the delay when liquid crystal layer 11 applies voltage is set to λ/2, so inject the polarization polarization surface half-twist of liquid crystal layer 11.At this moment, described in enforcement mode 1 and 2, the rectilinearly polarized light that sees through liquid crystal layer 11 can not see through upside polarization plates 3, so fence lightproof area 111 becomes to show slinkingly and shows.
Therefore, use when containing dielectric constant anisotropy Δ ε, under the state that does not apply voltage, can carry out two dimensional image and show, can carry out 3-D view under the state of voltage and show applying for the vertical orientated liquid crystal layer 11 of negative liquid crystal material.
As implement shown in the mode 1 to 3, by the characteristic of suitable selection liquid crystal layer 11, for example suitable positive and negative, the parallel or vertical state of orientation of selecting dielectric constant anisotropy, just can apply voltage or apply under the voltage status, set arbitrarily that two dimensional image shows or 3-D view shows in nothing.
(embodiment 4)
In the present embodiment, the stereoscopic display device that uses twisted nematic (TN) aligned liquid-crystal layer 11 is described.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the displaying principle of the 3-D view demonstration of the stereoscopic display device of expression embodiment 4.With reference to Fig. 6, to as the liquid crystal panel 10A of parallax barrier element performance function when not applying voltage, the displaying principle when promptly 3-D view shows describes.The stereoscopic display device of present embodiment, except that liquid crystal layer 11 be adopt TN aligned liquid-crystal layer a bit, other all have identical construction with the stereoscopic display device of embodiment 1.For example, polarization plates 3,4 direction of principal axis that sees through separately be arranged in parallel mutually substantially.But, be respectively formed at the alignment films on a pair of substrate 1,2, carry out orientation process along the mutual roughly direction of quadrature.That is, be set to the TN orientation.
At first, the light that sees through liquid crystal layer 11 is described.After being injected into liquid crystal layer 11 by the light behind the downside polarization plates 4 straight line polarizations, because the TN of liquid crystal layer 11 orientation becomes the polarized light that the polarization direction has rotated 90 °.Since a pair of polarization plates 3,4 separately see through the mutual almost parallel setting of direction of principal axis, so can not see through upside polarization plates 3 through the rectilinearly polarized light of liquid crystal layer 11.Thereby the fence lightproof area 111 that has formed liquid crystal layer 11 shows for showing slinkingly, and can form parallax barrier.
The light that sees through translucent resin layer 12 is identical with embodiment 1, owing to see through upside polarization plates 3, becomes bright state so be formed with the zone 112 that sees through of translucent resin layer 12.Therefore, under the state that does not apply voltage, fence lightproof area 111 forms parallax barriers, therefore can show 3-D view as the liquid crystal panel 10A of parallax barrier performance function.
Applying to liquid crystal panel 10A under the state of voltage, identical with embodiment 1, because the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer 11 becomes state upright on direction between electrode, the fence lightproof area 111 that therefore is formed with liquid crystal layer 11 becomes bright state (as Fig. 3).And, identical when showing for the light that sees through translucent resin layer 12 with 3-D view, owing to see through upside polarization plates 3, become bright state so be formed with the zone 112 that sees through of translucent resin layer 12.Therefore, liquid crystal panel 10A as parallax barrier performance function, applying under the state of voltage, adopt method for electrically to eliminate parallax barrier, the zone 112 that sees through that has formed the fence lightproof area 111 of liquid crystal layer 11 and formed translucent resin layer 12 is bright state, so can show bright two dimensional image.
As mentioned above, by to the formation of liquid crystal panel 10A the zone of liquid crystal layer 11 (fence lightproof area) 111 do not apply the situation of TN orientation (parallel-oriented or) or apply instant voltage (vertical orientated situation), can form parallax barrier thus.Therefore, use image and left eye with the 3-D display image of image as right eye image-displaying member 20,, just can watch 3-D view by in liquid crystal panel 10A, forming parallax barrier.
And, when showing on the image-displaying member 20 under the situation of two-dimentional display image, by applying the situation of TN orientation (parallel-oriented or) to the liquid crystal panel 10A that uses as parallax barrier element or not applying (vertical orientated situation) voltage, thereby can eliminate parallax barrier, show two dimensional image.Therefore, according to stereoscopic display device of the present invention, can switch two dimensional image and 3-D view easily.
The liquid crystal layer of parallax barrier element of the present invention also can have Memorability.For example, adopt the strong medium liquid crystal material to form under the situation of liquid crystal layer 11, only when two-dimensional/three-dimensional switches, just to liquid crystal panel 10A energising, so can reduce power consumption as parallax barrier element.
In the 3-D image display device of putting down in writing in the Te Kaiping 8-76110 communique, PVA film 50 (flush) is formed on the whole surface of transparent support plate 60,61, and therefore, PVA film 50 is when thermal shrinkage, and transparent support plate 60,61 also shrinks easily.But parallax barrier element of the present invention adopts and makes striped fence figure etc., can make translucent resin layer 12 become striated.Therefore, even thermal shrinkages take place for translucent resin layer 12, the thermal shrinkage of translucent resin layer 12 is to the influence of substrate 1,2, also than flush to have formed the situation of translucent resin layer 12 little.
(embodiment 5)
The manufacture method that is used for the liquid crystal panel 10A that polarized light separates that adopts in the stereoscopic display device of the present invention is described.At first, on downside substrate 2, form the transparency electrode (not shown) that ITO (indium tin oxide) etc. makes.And for convenience of description, following side group plate 2 is for example describes, and upside substrate 1 also can be made equally with downside substrate 2.
Though transparency electrode can adopt the formation figure in manufacturing process, preferably do not form flush (ベ ) electrode of figure.And, in general, the substrate that adheres to ITO that preferred employing can obtain.For the substrate 2 that has formed ITO, apply photonasty third rare resinous materials of negative resist series (negative resist type) for example as translucent resin by spin-coating method etc.After adopting photomask to expose, for example use NaOH aqueous solution etc. to develop,, can form translucent resin layer 12 with pad function then by firing processing.Because translucent resin layer 12 is with the pad function, so needn't form or install pad in addition, manufacturing process obtains simplifying.
After formation has the translucent resin layer 12 of pad function, on downside substrate 2, by print process, apply the alignment films (not shown) that adopts polyamic acid for example to make, fire then.Then, carry out orientation process, just can access downside substrate 2 by for example polishing.And, also can in the gap of alignment films and transparency electrode, form dielectric film in case of necessity.
For example peripheral encapsulant is printed on the substrate of upside substrate 1 or downside substrate 2,, carries out roasting in order to remove the solvent composition in the encapsulant by print process.After upside substrate 1 and downside substrate 2 are bonding, by injecting liquid crystal material from the inlet that is formed on the edge seal material, the sealing inlet, thus form liquid crystal layer 11.And, can use divider (dispenser) method to replace dipping (dip) method, inject liquid crystal material.Specifically, also can on a substrate, form the edge seal material that does not have inlet, behind the liquid crystal material that in the frame of edge sealing figure, drips that two substrates 1,2 is bonding, form liquid crystal layer 11.By as above operation, just can obtain liquid crystal panel 10A.
And, according to pixel graphics of image-displaying member 20 etc., can select striped fence diagrams shape, matrix fence figure arbitrarily, have the inclination fence figure of stepped opening etc. for the parallax barrier figure.And the fence figure can form by photoetching process, and therefore, except that the shape of straight line, all right trade-off curve etc. are graphics shape arbitrarily.
(embodiment 1)
In order to be described more specifically parallax barrier element of the present invention, embodiments of the invention are described.As the liquid crystal panel 10A of the parallax barrier element in the present embodiment by following operation manufacturing.At first, on the substrate 2 that the glass with ITO (not shown) is made, the solution of pad with negative resist (trade name " JNPC-77 ", JSR Corp.'s system) was coated with the 2000rpm rotation with spin-coating method in one minute.In the heating chamber (clean oven) of cleaning, under 120 ℃, carry out roasting in 10 minutes, remove the residual solvent in the pad.In order to obtain the required translucent resin figure of liquid crystal panel 10A, use photomask to expose.At this moment, be under the condition of 200mJ in exposure, use ultraviolet exposure, in 30 ℃ 2% NaOH aqueous solution, developed one minute, wash, under 230 ℃, fired 40 minutes at the heating chamber of cleaning.
Then, the alignment films film forming that will be made by polyamic acid was fired under 250 ℃ 30 minutes in the heating chamber of cleaning.By grinding the alignment films of firing is made it to obtain desirable direction of orientation as orientation process, thereby obtain downside substrate 2.Identical with downside substrate 2, make upside substrate 1.
Adopted the screen version of frame shape encapsulant shape patterned, on upside substrate 1, formed peripheral encapsulant (trade name " XN-21S ", Mitsui Chemicals, Inc's system).In order to remove the residual solvent in the encapsulant, in the heating chamber of cleaning, heated 30 minutes down at 100 ℃.Upper and lower base plate 1,2 is bonding, under 200 ℃, fired 60 minutes.
By in the gap of bonding upper and lower base plate 1,2, injecting liquid crystal material, thereby on parallax barrier zone 111, form liquid crystal layer 11.By a pair of polarization plates 3,4 (trade name " SEG1425DU " day Dong Diangongshe system) is pasted on the upper and lower base plate 1,2, just can obtain having the polarized light separation liquid crystal panel 10A of the present embodiment of shutter function.
About fence zone 111 and see through the influence that the ratio stereoscopic image of zone 112 width separately shows and estimate.Through above-mentioned manufacturing process, make the width (Lb) of fence lightproof area and the parallax barrier element of the various variation of ratio of the width (La) that sees through the zone (polarized light separate use liquid crystal panel 10A).In the back side of parallax barrier element one side (observer's a relative side) image display device 20 (liquid crystal display cells) is set, the Dual Images (crosstalking) of seeing stereo-picture is estimated.Its result is as shown in table 1.
And, in this evaluation, use and to contain the liquid crystal layer 11 that the dielectric constant anisotropy is parallel (similar) orientation of positive liquid crystal material.Described liquid crystal layer 11 has the delay of λ/2 when not applying voltage.And, polarization plates 3,4 separately see through direction of principal axis for roughly being arranged in parallel.And the direction of orientation of liquid crystal layer 11 is provided with at 45 with respect to the direction of principal axis that sees through of polarization plates 3,4.
Table 1
| ??La∶Lb | ??7∶3 | ??6∶4 | ??5∶5 | ??4∶6 | ??3∶7 |
| Crosstalk | ??× | ??× | ??○ | ??◎ | ??◎ |
In the table 1, " ◎ " expression is watched fully less than crosstalking, and " zero " expression watches some to crosstalk, and " * " expression is obviously watched and being crosstalked.
As shown in table 1, the width of fence lightproof area 111 (Lb) is under the situation less than the width (La) of transmission region 112, and it is serious to crosstalk, and can not obtain good stereo-picture.Therefore, the good stereo-picture in order not crosstalked must satisfy La≤Lb.But the relation of the width (La) of width of fence lightproof area 111 (Lb) and transmission region 112 preferably satisfies Lb: La=5: 5～8: 2.This be because: if Lb is excessive with respect to La, the brightness when then stereo-picture shows reduces, the image deepening.
Then, make the polarized light separation liquid crystal panel 10A shown in the embodiment 1～4 respectively.Adopt these liquid crystal panels 10A, positive and negative, a pair of polarization plates of the dielectric constant anisotropy of aligned, the liquid crystal layer of test liquid crystal layer 11 see through the having or not of axial setting, λ/2 plates 5, when stereo-picture shows liquid crystal layer 11 (fence lightproof area) and translucent resin layer 12 contrast (, the brightness of the brightness/liquid crystal layer 11 of translucent resin layer 12.In the table 2 with " CR " mark) relation.Its result is as shown in table 2.
And, under the situation of using λ/2 plates 5, λ/2 plates 5 can be arranged on the gap of upside substrate 1 and polarization plates 3, or any one gap in the gap of downside substrate 2 and polarization plates 4.The two-dimentional retardation plate that is made of polycarbonate (Polycarbonate) that adopts " NRF " day Dong Diangongshe system is as λ/2 plates 5.The delay of described λ/2 plates is 260nm.And the width of fence lightproof area 111 (Lb) is set to Lb: La=6 with the width (La) of transmission region 112: 4.
The contrast of translucent resin layer 12 and liquid crystal layer 11 (fence light shielding part) is measured, and utilizes TOPCON system BM5 (chroma-luminance meter) to carry out.For parallel-oriented and TN orientation, when not applying voltage, measure, for vertical orientated, the square wave that applies 10V/200Hz is measured.
Table 2
| Aligned | The dielectric constant anisotropy of liquid crystal layer | Polarization plates sees through the setting of axle | Have or not λ/2 plates | ??CR |
| Parallel | Just | Parallel | Do not have | ??30 |
| Parallel | Just | Quadrature | Have | ??＞100 |
| Vertically | Negative | Parallel | Do not have | ??25 |
| Vertically | Negative | Quadrature | Have | ??80 |
| ??TN | Just | Parallel | Do not have | ??50 |
As shown in Table 2: shown good contrast under all conditions, reached good parallax barrier performance.Common ground is in parallel-oriented and vertical orientated: the direction of principal axis that sees through of a pair of polarization plates is orthogonally set, and by using λ/2 plates, can obtain very high contrast.And, in the TN orientation,, compare with parallel-oriented or vertical orientated situation even do not use λ/2 plates, also can obtain higher contrast ratio.That is, can access good 3-D view.
Under the situation about being arranged in parallel of a pair of polarization plates, some lower contrasts have been shown through direction of principal axis.But, owing to showed enough parallax barrier performances, and needn't use λ/2 plates 5, so can reduce cost.
In addition, when parallax barrier element parallel-oriented and the TN orientation applied voltage, the fence lightproof area 111 that has formed liquid crystal layer 11 became bright state, can watch bright good two dimensional image to show.And, owing to the transmissivity of liquid crystal layer 11 changes with driving voltage, so, can show brighter two dimensional image by being provided with driving voltage higher.
Under the situation that has adopted vertical orientated parallax barrier element, do not apply under the state of voltage to parallax barrier element, the fence lightproof area 111 that has formed liquid crystal layer 11 is bright state, can watch bright good two dimensional image to show.
Under the situation of parallel-oriented and TN orientation,, show with two dimensional image and compare, be applicable to and mainly carry out the electronic equipment that 3-D view shows, can reduce power consumption owing to carry out the demonstration of 3-D view when not applying voltage.On the other hand, just the opposite under the vertical orientated situation, do not have and carry out the demonstration of two bit images when applying voltage, therefore, compare with the 3-D view demonstration, be applicable to and mainly carry out the electronic equipment that two dimensional image shows, can reduce power consumption.Therefore, the purpose according to using electronic equipment, be exactly specifically, according to being to be shown as the master, still be shown as the master with two bit images with 3-D view, suitably select alignment mode, thereby can reduce power consumption.
(embodiment 2)
Identical with embodiment 1, made upper and lower base plate 1,2.In the gap of bonding upper and lower base plate 1,2, inject nematic liquid crystal material (trade name " ZLI2293 " メ Le Network Co., Ltd. system), thereby form TN liquid crystal layer 11 in parallax barrier zone 111.And, identical with embodiment 1, by a pair of polarization plates 3,4 is pasted on the upper and lower base plate 1,2,, the polarized light that obtains having the present embodiment of shutter function uses liquid crystal panel 10A thereby separating.
To by the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel 10A that obtains, use TOPCON system BM7 (chroma-luminance meter), the transmissivity of translucent resin layer 12 and liquid crystal layer 11 (fence light shielding part) is measured during to 3-D view demonstration and two dimensional image demonstration.When 3-D view shows (nothing applies voltage), the transmissivity of translucent resin layer 12 is 39.8%, by comparison, and the transmissivity less than 1% of liquid crystal layer 11 (fence light shielding part), the optical gate performance function when liquid crystal panel 10A shows as 3-D view as can be known.
Then, when two dimensional image shows, (apply voltage), under the very big situation of the transmissivity of translucent resin layer 12 and liquid crystal layer 11, when observing two dimensional image, see that striated pattern etc. is arranged, can not obtain uniform two dimensional image.Therefore, be necessary to make each transmissivity of translucent resin layer 12 and liquid crystal layer 11 to mate.
The transmissivity of translucent resin layer 12 is constant, and applies voltage/do not apply independent from voltage, is 40.1%.The transmissivity of liquid crystal layer 11 (fence light shielding part) depends on the voltage that applies, and high-transmission rate is high more more to apply voltage.The liquid crystal panel 10A that uses in the present embodiment, when applying the square-wave voltage of 200Hz, 5V, transmissivity is 35.4%, the transmission rate variance of translucent resin layer 12 and liquid crystal layer is very big, with the naked eye just can recognize the figure of fence light shielding part.But when applying the square-wave voltage of 200Hz, 7V, the transmissivity of liquid crystal layer 11 (fence light shielding part) becomes 41.1%, does not almost have the transmission rate variance.Therefore, the figure of fence light shielding part can not be with the naked eye recognized, the even preferable image of face internal transmission factor can be obtained.
As mentioned above, the translucent resin layer 12 when two dimensional image is shown and the transmissivity of liquid crystal layer 11 are complementary, and as mentioned above, apply voltage by adjustment, just can adjust easily.
Parallax barrier element of the present invention by portion that sees through that the resin of having filled light transmission is set and the fence light shielding part of having filled liquid crystal material, forms parallax barrier thus between a pair of transparent electrode substrate.As mentioned above, can show 3-D view according to binocular parallax.And, can switch liquid crystal layer by method for electrically, thereby make the Zone Full of parallax barrier element become bright demonstration.For example, by applying voltage, by not applying voltage, can become bright demonstration respectively under the vertical orientated situation under the situation of parallel-oriented and TN orientation.Therefore, under the situation of stereoscopic display device, can show bright two dimensional image.And parallax barrier element of the present invention is the very simple liquid crystal panel of structure, and is easy to manufacture.
Be formed at the translucent resin layer between a pair of transparent electrode substrate that parallax barrier element of the present invention has, have the function of the pad of the clearance constant that keeps a pair of transparent electrode substrate.Therefore, see through portion's integral body, support the gap of a pair of transparent electrode substrate, so, help the homogeneity of element thickness in the face in the liquid crystal panel of parallax barrier element for large-scale stereoscopic display device as pad.
Be formed at as the translucent resin layer between a pair of transparent electrode substrate that liquid crystal panel had of parallax barrier element of the present invention, can directly utilize the photoetching process that in the manufacture process of the liquid crystal indicator of routine, is widely used to form.Therefore, needn't import any new technology, just can produce the good parallax barrier element of dimensional accuracy of fence figure with very easy technology.
According to liquid crystal panel, needn't specially form the transparency electrode figure of transparent electrode substrate, when forming fine fence figure so it is bad etc. also can not break as parallax barrier element of the present invention.Therefore, can improve fabrication yield.
Employing is as the liquid crystal panel of parallax barrier element of the present invention, when producing stereoscopic display device, the aligned of liquid crystal layer is parallel or the TN orientation, can carry out 3-D view when not applying voltage and show, can carry out two dimensional image when applying voltage and show.In addition, by using λ/2 plates simultaneously, thereby realize better fence performance, can access extraordinary 3-D view.On the other hand,, thereby under the state that does not apply voltage, two dimensional image can be shown, 3-D view can be shown applying under the state of voltage because the aligned of liquid crystal layer be vertical orientated.In addition, by using λ/2 plates simultaneously, thereby realize better fence performance, can access extraordinary 3-D view.
According to parallax barrier element of the present invention, adopt the manufacture process of existing liquid crystal indicator, can dimensional accuracy form fine fence figure well.In addition, according to parallax barrier element of the present invention, can show or not show the fence figure by electric mode.Therefore, for example, just can access and to switch the stereoscopic display device that shows 3-D view and two dimensional image by making up with pixel portions and right eye image-displaying member with pixel portions with having left eye.
Parallax barrier element of the present invention can be used for display device that different images is shown simultaneously.For example, can be used to utilize the stereoscopic display device (three dimensional display) of binocular parallax or make observer about display frame see the display of different images respectively.Personal digital assistant), in the amusement equipment such as display of the display used of PC, LCD TV, medical display, onboard navigation system, electronic game machine etc. in particular, can be applied to mobile phone, notebook computer, PDA (Personal DigitalAssistance: exactly.
Claims (16)
1. parallax barrier element, has a pair of transparent electrode substrate, be formed with transparency electrode on it respectively, be formed with the fence light shielding part and see through portion in the gap of described a pair of transparent electrode substrate, the light of the 1st image that described fence light shielding part will be watched from the 1st direction and the light of the 2nd image of watching from the 2nd direction different with described the 1st direction separate respectively; The described portion that sees through sees through the light of described the 1st image and the light of described the 2nd image respectively, it is characterized in that:
In described fence light shielding part, be formed with liquid crystal layer, at the described resin bed that is formed with light transmission in the portion that sees through.
2. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the image of described the 1st image for watching by observer's left eye, the image of described the 2nd image for watching by observer's right eye.
3. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described fence light shielding part and the described portion that sees through alternately dispose on the direction in the face of the face parallel with described a pair of transparent electrode substrate,
The width of the described fence light shielding part in described on the direction is more than or equal to the described width that sees through portion on the direction in described.
4. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described liquid crystal layer is to contain the parallel-oriented liquid crystal layer that dielectric constant anisotropy is positive liquid crystal material, has the delay of 1/2 wavelength of the light that is injected into described liquid crystal layer when not applying voltage.
5. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described liquid crystal layer is to contain the vertical orientated liquid crystal layer of dielectric constant anisotropy for negative liquid crystal material, has the delay of 1/2 wavelength of the light that is injected into described liquid crystal layer when applying voltage.
6. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described liquid crystal layer is a twisted nematic aligned liquid-crystal layer.
7. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described transparency electrode that is respectively formed on the described a pair of transparent electrode substrate is a common electrode.
8. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also have a pair of polarization plates, seize described a pair of transparent electrode substrate on both sides by the arms; The easy direction of principal axis that sees through separately of described a pair of polarization plates roughly is parallel to each other.
9. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also have a pair of polarization plates, seize described a pair of transparent electrode substrate on both sides by the arms; In the gap between at least one transparent electrode substrate in described a pair of transparent electrode substrate and the described polarization plates relative with described at least one transparent electrode substrate, the retardation plate of the delay of 1/2 wavelength with incident light also is set, described a pair of polarization plates separately to see through easy direction of principal axis roughly mutually orthogonal.
10. parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described translucent resin layer is with the function of the pad of the clearance constant that keeps described a pair of transparent electrode substrate.
11. a method is used for making parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprising:
On described transparent electrode substrate, apply the roughly operation of the resin material of isotropy and light transmission of refractive index; And
Thereby to described resin material implement to have utilized photomask exposure, develop and fire etc. each and handle the operation that forms described resin bed.
12. a display device is characterized in that, comprising:
Parallax barrier element as claimed in claim 1; And image-displaying member, have the 1st pixel portions that constitutes described the 1st image and the 2nd pixel portions that constitutes described the 2nd image.
13. display device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that: described the 1st pixel portions is the left eye pixel portions, and described the 2nd pixel portions is the right eye pixel portions.
14. display device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that: also have light source, dispose to such an extent that also want the outlying observation person than described parallax barrier element and described image-displaying member.
15. display device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that: described liquid crystal layer carries out shading/see through and switch according to the electric signal that offers a pair of described transparency electrode, switches thus to show that the 1st shows and the 2nd demonstration.
16. display device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: described liquid crystal layer carries out shading/see through and switch according to the electric signal that offers a pair of described transparency electrode, switches thus to show that stereo display and plane show.
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| JP2002300030 | 2002-10-15 | ||
| JP300030/2002 | 2002-10-15 | ||
| JP75446/2003 | 2003-03-19 |
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| CN1975511B (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2010-09-08 | 三星移动显示器株式会社 | Two-dimensional and three-dimensional image selectable display device |
| CN101893788A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-11-24 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | Automatic stereoscopic display device |
| CN101546042B (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2011-06-08 | 陈意辉 | Plane stereo hybrid compatible parallax baffle panel and rear-projection free stereo video display |
| CN101639619B (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2011-08-10 | 索尼株式会社 | Stereoscopic image display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same |
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| JPH0876110A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-03-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Optical shutter panel and three-dimensional image display device |
| US5731853A (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1998-03-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Display device |
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| JPH11285030A (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-10-15 | Mr System Kenkyusho:Kk | Stereoscopic image display method and stereoscopic image display device |
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