KR102077097B1 - carbonizing and thermal decomposition apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A carbonizing apparatus using a dielectric heating element of the present invention comprises: a frame; a carbonizing main body part installed in the frame and having an internal space; a rotating drum installed inside the carbonizing main body part to be rotated by a rotary driving part, made of a dielectric heating element, and having a carbonizing space in a longitudinal direction; microwave generating units installed in the carbonizing main body part and heats the dielectric heating element by irradiating the dielectric heating element with a microwave; a carbonizing material supply unit installed in the carbonizing main body part to supply a carbonizing material for carbonization to the carbonizing space of the rotating drum without introducing the outside air; a vacuum generating unit connected by an exhaust pipe to the internal space of the carbonizing main body part having the rotating drum installed therein and discharges gas and steam to maintain the inside in a vacuum; and a carbonizing material discharge unit installed in the other side of the carbonizing main body part and can discharge the carbonized carbonizing material without introducing the outside air. Therefore, the carbonizing apparatus can prevent an explosion caused by flammable gas generated during carbonization.

Description

Carbonizing and thermal decomposition apparatus using dielectric heating element

The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus, and more particularly, to a carbonization apparatus using a dielectric heating element capable of heating using a dielectric heating element and a microwave and preventing explosion by carbonization gas.

In general, waste is a generic term for materials that have become obsolete. According to the conventional waste management method, 'waste, combustible sludge, waste oil, waste acid, waste alkali, animal carcass, synthetic resin, etc. Substances that are no longer needed for industrial activities.

Meanwhile, currently used waste treatment methods include weight loss, recycling, recycling, landfilling, and incineration. Among them, reduction, recycling, and regeneration are not the final waste treatment methods, and landfilling is a strong regulation subject in each country because it causes serious soil and water pollution over a long period of time. Therefore, the incineration method is mainly used, which is to remove the waste by burning the flame (火焰).

However, incineration waste treatment is an incineration method that directly applies waste to the waste, and it is practically impossible to burn completely due to various factors such as waste load, density, moisture content, incinerator size and heating temperature, and soot from incomplete combustion. There is a problem that a large amount of dust, air pollution pollution emissions occur.

In view of this, a method of pyrolysis or carbonization of waste in a high temperature and vacuum environment has been proposed. As a waste treatment apparatus using the proposed method, Korean Patent Registration No. 0019679 discloses a pyrolysis method of waste using a pyrolysis apparatus, and Patent Registration No. 0777616 discloses a low temperature pyrolysis apparatus of high carbonaceous industrial waste. Patent registration No. 0375569 discloses a pyrolysis device for polymer waste. The waste treatment apparatus using the pyrolysis requires a process of forming / maintaining the interior of the pyrolysis in a vacuum during the pyrolysis process, and thus, the overall apparatus is excessively complicated by having a temperature control device for pyrolysis heated to a high temperature. There is this.

The waste carbonization incineration device is published in Korean Patent No. 1994-06872, and the patent registration No. 787948 discloses an external rotary carbonization furnace for organic waste carbonization, and registered in Korea Patent No. 0372775 The issue shows a waste carbonization incinerator.

The carbonization device uses gas, fossil fuel, etc. as a heat source, so it requires a relatively high maintenance cost, and the structure is relatively complicated.

On the other hand, the waste treatment method requires oxygen when burning wastes, and in particular, when burning wastes made of organic compounds, harmful substances such as dioxine are discharged. Dioxins thus released are classified as endocrine disruptors because they act mainly on estrogen-related endocrine systems in the body and are toxic.

In order to reduce dioxin during incineration, a method of carbonizing waste by heating it to a high temperature has been proposed, and a carbonization apparatus using microwaves has been published in Korean Patent Publication No. 2013-0134315. The published carbonization device has a problem that is exploded by the combustible gas generated during the carbonization of waste.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 0019679 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2013-0134315 Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 787948 Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 0372775

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, to prevent explosion by the flammable gas generated during carbonization, dielectric heating element that can increase the carbonization efficiency of the waste in the dielectric heating element that is heated to high temperature by microwave. It is to provide a carbonization device used.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization apparatus using a dielectric heating element that can improve the quality by increasing the porosity of the activated carbon produced by the injection of water in a vacuum in the interior.

The carbonization apparatus using the dielectric heating element of the present invention for achieving the above object is a frame, a carbonization body portion is installed on the frame and has an inner space, the carbonization body portion is rotatably installed by a rotary drive inside the dielectric heating element Rotating drum and having a carbonization space in the longitudinal direction,

Microwave generating units installed in the carbonized body portion for heating the dielectric heating element by irradiating the microwave to the dielectric heating element;

A carbonization material supply unit installed in the carbonization main unit and supplying carbonization material for carbonization to the carbonization space of the rotating drum without inflow of external air;

A vacuum generating unit for maintaining the inside of the vacuum by discharging gas and steam connected to the inner space of the carbonized main body unit in which the rotating drum is installed;

It is characterized in that it is provided on the other side of the carbonized body portion is provided with a carbonized material discharge unit for discharging the carbonized material made carbonized without inflow of outside air.

In the present invention, it is further provided with a water supply unit is installed in the carbonized body portion for supplying water to the inside of the rotating drum during the production of activated carbon using a carbonized material.

The water supply unit has a nozzle member which is installed in the carbonization main body and extends into the carbonization space of the rotating drum and has a plurality of injection holes formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof.

The carbonization material supply unit is fixed to one side of the carbonized body part, an inlet pipe for supplying the carbonized material to the carbonization space of the rotating drum, and a supply pipe connected to the inlet pipe to supply the carbonized material on the upper side is installed It is connected to the supply pipe and has an input hopper sealed to the outside,

The input pipe and the supply pipe to the first and second shut-off valve to block the supply of external air to the inside of the carbonized body portion through the input pipe with an input hopper, and to block the supply of external air to the rotary drum side of the carbonized body portion from the input hopper through the input pipe Each part is installed.

The vacuum generating unit is installed on the other side of the carbonized body portion, the discharge hopper member surrounding the carbonized material discharge side end of the rotating drum, the gas discharge pipe is installed on the discharge hopper member on the upper side, the gas discharge pipe is connected to the gas A vacuum pump for discharging is provided. The vacuum generating unit further includes a structure in which the inlet hopper and the carbonization hopper are connected to each other by the first and second discharge pipes provided with valves so as to discharge external air introduced into the hopper when the carbonization material is introduced and the carbonization material is discharged. Equipped.

The carbonization apparatus using the dielectric heating element according to the present invention is to heat the carbonized material using waste, wood, etc. in a vacuum atmosphere in a vacuum atmosphere to prevent explosion due to flammable gas, water inside the production of activated carbon By supplying, the strength of activated carbon can be raised and the quality can be improved.

In particular, when supplying and discharging carbon dioxide to the rotating drum, the supply of external air can be blocked at the source, thereby minimizing the vacuum change in the chamber body.

1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a carbonization apparatus using a dielectric heating element according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a partial ablation perspective view showing the main portion of the carbonization device using a dielectric heating element according to the present invention,
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG.
Figure 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another embodiment of a carbonization apparatus using a dielectric heating element according to the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a carbonization apparatus using the dielectric heating element shown in FIG. 4.

The carbonization apparatus using the dielectric heating element according to the present invention can carbonize flammable waste or produce activated carbon using wood, and an embodiment thereof is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Referring to the drawings, the carbonization apparatus 10 using the dielectric heating element according to the present invention is installed on the frame 11 and the frame 11, and has a carbonized body portion 20 having an inner space 21. do. The carbonized body 20 provided in the frame 11 has a predetermined length, and is fixed in view of the moving force of the carbonized material moving inside the rotating drum 40 to be described later when mounted on the frame 11. Can be installed to be inclined at an angle of, has an enclosed space blocked from the outside of the internal space. And the inside of the carbonized body portion 20 is provided with a rotating drum 40 rotatably installed by the rotary drive unit 30, the carbonized body portion 20 is spaced apart from the rotary drum 40 by a predetermined interval The inner peripheral surface is provided with a heating unit 50 for heating the rotating drum 40 and the inner space. On the front side of the carbonization main body 20, a carbonization material supply unit 60 for injecting carbonization material for carbonization into the carbonization space 31 of the rotating drum 40 is installed, and the carbonization main body 20 On the rear side of the rotary drum 40 is installed a carbonization material discharge unit 80 for discharging the carbonized material moved along the carbonization space 41, the gas discharge pipe 91 on one side of the carbonized body portion 20 Connected by the vacuum generating unit 90 for maintaining the interior in a vacuum by discharging the gas and steam is installed.

The carbonization apparatus using the dielectric heating element according to the present invention configured as described above will be described in more detail by component.

The carbonized main body 20 of the carbonization apparatus 10 using the dielectric heating element according to the present invention is installed in the frame 11, and the internal space 21 installed in the longitudinal direction therein is equipped with a rotating drum 40. It can be rotated, and has a space in which the dielectric heating element 51 of the heating unit 50 can be installed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating drum (40).

The carbonization main body 20 at the inlet side of the rotating drum 40 is provided with a supply chamber 25 constituting a part of the carbonization space, and the supply chamber 25 and the rotating drum 40 at the outlet side of the rotating drum 40. And a discharge chamber 27 forming a carbonization space of the vacuum part. Both ends of the rotating drum 40 are drawn into the vacuum chamber 25 and the discharge chamber 27 to be rotatably supported. The support of the rotating drum 40 may be supported by the rotating drum support units 43. The rotating drum support unit 43 may be attached to a support bracket installed in the supply chamber 25 and the discharge chamber 27. A support roller supporting the end of the rotating drum 40 may be installed. The coupling part of the vacuum chamber 25 and the rotating drum 40 and the coupling part of the rotating drum 40 of the discharge chamber 27 may be formed of a sealing part for airtightness, and the rotating drum support unit may be formed by the sealing part. 43).

The carbonized body portion 20 is further supported by the supply chamber 25 and the discharge chamber 27, and further includes a cover frame 28 surrounding the rotating drum. The cover frame 28 and the outer peripheral surface of the supply chamber 25 and the discharge chamber 27 may be further provided with a heat insulating material for preventing the heat of the carbonization space is discharged to the outside.

The rotary driving unit 30 which rotates the rotary drum 40 installed in the carbonized body part 20 and rotatably supports it is one side of the rotary drum 40 in the internal space of the carbonized body part 20. On the center side, a ring gear 31 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating drum 40, and the ring gear 31 is meshed with the drive gear 32, which is a motor installed in the frame 11. It is installed in the rotating shaft of (33). In this case, the ring gear 31 may be exposed from the outer circumferential surface of the carbonized body part 20, and both side surfaces of the ring gear 31 may be further provided with a separate sealing part for sealing the inner space 21. .

On the other hand, the rotating drum 40 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a carbonization space 41 therein, the inner circumferential surface of the rotating drum 40, the movement of the carbonized material and the carbonized material is rotated by the rotation of the rotating drum 40 Spiral feathers 42 or transfer protrusions may be formed to be moved to the upper side of the 40.

The rotating drum 40 may be made of a screw feeder as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

The carbonized material supply unit 60 installed in the supply chamber 25 forming the carbonized main body 20 to supply carbonized material to the carbonized space 41 of the rotating drum 40 is the carbonized main body 20. It is provided in the supply chamber 25 to form a feeding pipe 61 for supplying a carbonization material to the carbonization space 41 of the rotary drum 40. In addition, the inlet tube 61 is connected to the lower end of the inlet hopper 62 for temporarily storing the carbonization material, that is, the carbonized material and supplying the inlet tube 61. And the supply pipe 63 is installed on the upper side of the pipe hopper (62). The input hopper 62 connected to the supply pipe 63 and the input pipe 61 has a space sealed with the outside air. In addition, the supply pipe (63) is provided with a first shut-off valve (71) so that the supply of external air can be cut off when the carbonization material is supplied into the rotary drum (40) from the input hopper (62) through the input pipe (61). When the carbonization material is supplied to the injection hopper 62, the second injection valve 72 is installed in the inlet pipe 61 so that the supply of external air is cut off when the carbonation material is supplied into the rotary drum 40. do. In addition, the supply pipe 63 may be provided with a supply conveyor 69 for supplying a material for carbonization. The supply conveyor 69 may be made of a screw feeder.

The carbonization material discharge unit 80 is provided with a first discharge pipe 81 on the lower end side of the discharge chamber 27, the first discharge pipe 81 is connected to the carbonization hopper 82. A discharge conveyor 85 for discharging the carbonized material is connected to the lower side of the carbonized material hopper 82 by the second discharge pipe 83. The first discharge pipe 81 and the second discharge pipe 83 are provided with fifth and six open / close valves 75 and 76 selectively opened and closed to prevent vacuum release in the carbonization space, respectively.

The vacuum generating unit 90 is provided with a gas discharge pipe 91 to be in communication with the carbonization space 41 on the upper side of the discharge chamber 27 of the carbonized body portion 20. In addition, a valve 92 for opening and closing the gas discharge pipe 91 is installed, and the gas discharge pipe 91 in which the valve is installed is connected to the vacuum pump 95. The discharge side of the vacuum pump 95 is connected to a means capable of removing water discharged by piggybacking with gas. Means for removing moisture may be configured to supply gas via a liquid such as water stored in the tank. On the other hand, in the carbonization device of the present invention, the air introduced into the carbonization hopper when the carbonization material is discharged from the outside air and the carbonization material hopper 82 generated when the carbonization material is introduced into the injection hopper 62 is introduced into the rotating drum. It is further provided with a vacuum exhaust unit (100) for preventing. The vacuum exhaust unit 100 includes a first gas discharge pipe 101 connected to the pipe hopper 62, a second gas discharge pipe 102 connected to the carbonization hopper 82, and the first and second gases. It is further provided with a vacuum exhaust pump 103 connected to the discharge pipe (101, 102). In addition, the first and second discharge pipes 101 and 102 are provided with valves 104 and 105 that are selectively opened and closed according to the operation. The vacuum generating unit is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes a vacuum exhaust unit for discharging the outside air introduced when the carbonization material is introduced into the input hopper 62, and the outside air introduced when the ash is discharged from the carbonization hopper 82. Vacuum exhaust unit for discharging the may be installed separately.

As shown in FIG. 4, the gas discharge pipe 91 of the vacuum generating unit may include a plurality of branch pipes 91a connected to the carbonization space and a connection pipe 91b connecting the branch pipes 91a to each other. . In this embodiment, the gas discharge pipe 91 may be connected to a vacuum pump, the injection hopper 62 and the carbonization material hopper 82 is further provided with a vacuum generating unit 100 for maintaining a vacuum therein Can be.

 In addition, the carbonization main body 20 further includes a water spray unit 110 for spraying water into the carbonization space 41 to manufacture activated carbon. The water spraying unit 110 is installed at one side of the supply chamber 25 and extends into the carbonization space 41 and includes a water spraying pipe in which a plurality of injection nozzles 111 are installed. The water spray pipe is connected to a pump capable of supplying the water stored in the tank.

The carbonized body part 20 supplies heat for carbonizing the carbonized material moved by the rotating drum 40 by heating the inside of the rotating drum and the carbonization space, and rotating the drum 40 to the cover frame 28. Dielectric heating element 51 is installed so as to correspond to the outer circumferential surface of the) and the microwave generator 52 is installed on the cover frame 28 to generate a microwave to heat the dielectric heating element 51 It is provided. The microeve generator may be made of a magnetron, and may further include a blower or a cooling fan for cooling during driving. An insulation may be installed in a space partitioned between the outer circumferential surface of the dielectric heating element 51 and the inner circumferential surface of the cover frame 28.

Referring to the operation of the carbonization device using the dielectric heating element according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

First, in order to manufacture carbonized or activated carbon of livestock waste, including industrial waste, agricultural and marine waste, animal carcasses, and the like by using a carbonization apparatus, the first shutoff valve 71 installed in the supply pipe 63 is opened, and the transfer conveyor 69 is used. The carbonization material is supplied to the injection hopper 62 by using a.

In this process, by irradiating the microwave to the dielectric heating element 51 by using the microgenerator, the dielectric heating element is heated so that the carbonization space 41 is heated, and the motor 33 of the rotation driving unit 30 is driven to The rotating drum 40 is rotated by rotating the ring gear 31 by the drive gear 32 provided on the rotating shaft. In addition, the vacuum generating unit 90 is used to exhaust the gas in the carbonization space 41 to form a vacuum atmosphere.

In this state, the first shut-off valve 71 is blocked to cut off the supply of external air to the supply pipe 63, and the second shut-off valve 72 is driven to feed carbonized material into the input hopper 62. It is supplied into the rotating drum 40 to rotate through). When the carbonization material is introduced into the injection hopper 62, the air supplied to the injection hopper 62 is used by the vacuum exhaust unit 100 before supplying the carbonization material in the injection hopper 62 to the rotary drum 40. Discharge.

The carbonized material supplied into the rotating drum 40 is heated and carbonized while being moved by the rotating drum 40. Carbonization gas generated at this time is discharged through the vacuum pump of the vacuum generating unit 90 and then stored or discharged.

  And the carbonized material is carbonized by the action as described above is discharged by the carbonized material discharge unit (80). This discharge is first opened by the fifth shut-off valve 75 installed in the first discharge pipe 81 of the carbonized material discharge unit 80, the carbonized material is discharged to the carbonized material hopper (82).

When the carbonized material is discharged to the carbonized material hopper 82, the second shutoff valve 75 blocks the second discharge pipe 83 connecting the lower portion of the carbonized material hopper 82 and the discharge conveyor 85. Opening the sixth shut-off valve 76 installed in the carbonized material hopper 82 is discharged through the discharge conveyor (85).

The carbonization apparatus according to the present invention can continuously carbonize the waste in the same manner as described above, so that the carbonization efficiency of the waste can be improved, and the inside of the carbonization space can be maintained in a vacuum so that the explosion of gas generated during the carbonization of the waste Can be fundamentally prevented.

In particular, in the case of manufacturing activated carbon using a carbonization apparatus in the present invention, water can be sprayed on the carbonized material for the production of activated carbon through the injection nozzles 111 of the water injection pipe installed in the carbonization space when carbonizing the carbonized material of the activated carbon Porosity can be improved.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

Carbide body portion 20 is installed in the frame 11, the frame 11 and having an inner space 21, and the carbonized space 41 in the longitudinal direction and installed inside the carbonized body portion 20 Rotating drum 40 is driven by the rotary drive unit 30,
A heating unit 50 having microwave generation units 52 for heating the dielectric heating element by irradiating microwaves to the dielectric heating element 51 installed in the carbonized body part 20;
Installed in the carbonization main body 20 to supply the carbonization material for carbonization to the carbonization space 41 of the rotary drum 40 without inflow of outside air, an inlet pipe 61 for supplying carbonization material to the carbonization space And a supply pipe 63 connected to the inlet pipe 61 for supplying carbonized material to an upper side thereof, and having an inlet hopper 62 sealed to the outside, and the inlet pipe 61 and the supply pipe ( 63, the feed hopper 62 blocks the supply of outside air to the inside of the rotary drum 40 of the carbonized body part through the feed pipe, and the rotary drum 40 of the carbonized body part through the feed pipe 61 from the feed hopper 62. A carbonization material supply unit (60) provided with first and second shut-off valves (71) and (72) respectively for blocking supply of outside air to the side;
A gas discharge pipe 91 installed at the other side of the carbonization main body 20 and connected to the discharge chamber 27 surrounding the carbonized material discharge side end portion of the rotary drum 40, and connected to the gas discharge pipe 91; A vacuum generating unit (90) having a vacuum pump (95) for discharging steam to keep the interior vacuum;
It is installed on the other side of the carbonized body portion 20 to discharge the carbonized carbonized material without the inflow of outside air, the carbonized material discharge unit 80 is installed on the lower end side of the discharge chamber 27 The first discharge pipe 81, the carbide hopper 82 is connected to the first discharge pipe 81, and the second discharge pipe 83 is installed in the lower portion of the carbide hopper 82 and connected to the discharge conveyor (85). ), And the carbonization material discharge unit 80 which is installed in the first and second discharge pipes 81 and 82, respectively, and has fifth and six opening valves 75 and 76,
Vacuum exhaust unit for preventing the air introduced into the carbonization hopper when the carbonization material is discharged from the outside and the carbonization material hopper 82 generated when the carbonization material is injected into the injection hopper 62 into the inside of the rotating drum Further provided, the vacuum exhaust unit 100 is the first gas discharge pipe 101 is connected to the pipe hopper 62 and the second gas discharge pipe 102 is connected to the carbonization hopper (82). And valves 104 and 105 installed in the vacuum exhaust pump 103 connected to the first and second gas discharge pipes 101 and 102 and the first and second gas discharge pipes 101 and 102, respectively. Carbonization apparatus using a dielectric heating element having a special feature. The method of claim 1,
The carbonization apparatus using a dielectric heating element, characterized in that it is further provided with a water supply unit (110) installed in the carbonized body portion 20 for supplying water to the inside of the rotating drum during the production of activated carbon using a carbonized material. The method of claim 2,
The water supply unit 110 is installed in the carbonized body portion and extends to the carbonization space of the rotating drum 40 and using a dielectric member, characterized in that it comprises a nozzle member 111 formed with a plurality of injection holes on the outer peripheral surface Carbonization device. delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The rotary drive unit 30 for driving the rotary drum 40 is provided with a ring gear 31 installed on the outer peripheral surface of the center portion of the rotary drum 40 and the frame 11 and engaged with the ring gear 31. And a drive gear driven by a motor (33) installed in the frame (11).

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