KR102073882B1 - Power generating system using salinity gradient power - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power generation system using a salinity gradient power generation. The power generation system using the salinity gradient power generation comprises: a reverse electrodialysis salinity gradient generator having a reverse electrodialysis stack having a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and generating electricity by using brine and freshwater; and a first ion filter connected to an input terminal of the reverse electrodialysis salinity gradient generator and filtering an organic matter in the brine or freshwater flowing into the reverse electrodialysis salinity gradient generator. Accordingly, a lifespan of the anion exchange membrane of the salinity gradient power generation stack is extended and power generation performance is improved, thereby reducing maintenance costs of the power generation system using salinity gradient power generation.

Description

Power generation system using salt power generation {POWER GENERATING SYSTEM USING SALINITY GRADIENT POWER}

The present invention relates to a power generation system using salt differential power generation, and more particularly, to a power generation system using salt difference power generation utilizing salt difference as a power generation source.

Salt power generation is a power generation technology that generates electricity by the salt difference between salt water and fresh water. Salt power generation based on reverse electrodialysis (RED) generates energy using an ion exchange membrane that selectively moves ions only. In this way, the world potential for salt generation is about 2.0-3.1 TW, and the expected market size is about 16 trillion USD.

The salt differential power generation system performs salt differential power generation using a salt differential power generation stack composed of a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane. In the case of power generation using sea water and fresh water, in particular, the performance degradation by organic contaminants in the anion exchange membrane portion is reduced. This leads to a decrease in power generation performance of the power generation system. In this case, since a lot of time and cost are required for the replacement of the deteriorated anion exchange membrane, it is necessary to develop a salt generation system capable of reducing time and cost.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1458429 (Generator using salinity car)

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to improve the condition of the seawater and fresh water flowing into the salt differential generation stack to extend the life of the salt differential generation system.

Another technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide seawater and fresh water used for salt power generation as cooling water to a photovoltaic system, thereby improving the output of the photovoltaic module and the performance of salt power generation. .

A power generation system using salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a reverse electrodialysis saline generator having a reverse electrodialysis stack having a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and generating electricity using brine and fresh water; And a first ion filter connected to an input terminal of the reverse dialysis diaphragm generator and filtering organic matter of the brine or fresh water flowing into the reverse dialysis dialysis saline generator.

It further comprises a pre-treatment unit for removing the suspended matter contained in the brine or fresh water supplied to the reverse electrodialysis saline generator.

The pretreatment unit is characterized in that the cartridge filter.

The cartridge filter is characterized in that the pore size is 5㎛ or more.

The first ion filter is characterized in that the anion exchange filter.

The first ion filter has a particle size of 100 μm to 1.2 mm.

A second ion filter connected to an input terminal of the reverse dialysis diaphragm generator and connected in parallel to the first ion filter, and filtering the organic matter of the brine or fresh water flowing into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator; It is characterized by.

And a first selection valve for selectively providing the brine or fresh water to the first ion filter or the second ion filter.

The first selection valve is driven by the difference in the total organic carbon of the brine or fresh water flowing in and out of the first and second ion filters.

The first selection valve is driven by a pressure difference between salt water or fresh water flowing in and out of the first and second ion filters, or a pressure difference between salt water or fresh water flowing in and out of the reverse electrodialysis salinity generator. Power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that.

A post-treatment solution providing unit providing a post-treatment solution for cleaning the first and second ion filters; And a second selection valve for selectively providing the post-treatment solution provided from the post-treatment solution providing unit to the first ion filter or the second ion filter.

In a power generation system using salt differential power generation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic power generation system including a photovoltaic module is performed, and introduced brine or fresh water passes through a surface of the photovoltaic module or a rear surface of the photovoltaic module. A photovoltaic device installed to use the brine or fresh water for cooling the temperature of the photovoltaic module; A reverse electrodialysis saline generator having a reverse electrodialysis stack having a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and producing electricity using brine and fresh water; And a first ion filter connected to an input terminal of the reverse dialysis diaphragm generator and filtering organic matter of the brine or fresh water flowing into the reverse dialysis dialysis saline generator.

The solar module is characterized in that the water-based solar panel floating on the surface of the brine or fresh water.

Characterized in that the waste water discharged after performing the differential power generation in the reverse-dialysis dialysis salinity generator into a hydroelectric power generator or a tidal current generator.

The first ion filter and the reverse electrodialysis stack may be integrally formed.

According to this feature, the power generation system using the salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with an ion filter connected to the salt differential power generation stack, pre-treatment of seawater flowing into the salt differential power generation stack, salt differential power generation stack The lifespan of the anion exchange membrane is extended and the power generation performance is improved, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the power generation system using the salt differential power generation.

In addition, as the power generation system using salt power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention has a structure of providing seawater and fresh water used for salt power generation as cooling water to a photovoltaic module of photovoltaic power generation, There is an effect that the power generation performance and the output of salt differential power generation is improved.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a power generation system using salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a graph showing the pollution TOC before and after fresh water passes through the third and fourth ion filters in a power generation system using salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the operation of the ion filter and reverse electrodialysis saline difference generator in the power generation system using the salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a power generation system using salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a power generation system using a salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a fresh water in the power generation system using a salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a graph showing the pollution TOC before and after passing through the third and fourth ion filters, Figure 3 shows the operation of the ion filter and reverse electrodialysis salinity generator in the power generation system using the salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a power generation system using the salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4 with reference to the power generation system using a salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, first, the power generation system (S) using a salt differential power generation is a salt pretreatment unit 110, the first To third ion filter 121, 122, 123, reverse dialysis (RED) salt differential generator 130, first and second selector valves 141, 142, freshwater pretreatment unit 150, low pressure pump unit ( 160, it may be configured to include a post-treatment solution providing unit 170.

The brine pretreatment unit 110 receives the brine (1), which is seawater or highly concentrated water, and preprocesses the brine to the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130. The brine pretreatment unit 110 may be a cartridge filter having a pore size of 0.5 μm to 200 μm, and in a preferred embodiment, the pore size is formed at 5 μm to allow the brine to flow into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130. Filter foreign matter with a size of 5㎛ or more among the suspended matter.

The first and second ion filters 121 and 122 are pre-treated in the brine pretreatment unit 110 to exchange cations or anions of the brine used for the generation of the salt differential in the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 or As an anion exchange filter, it is connected in parallel to the input terminal of the reverse electric dialysis saline generator 130, the particle size is formed to 100㎛ ~ 1.2mm.

In one example, the ion filters may include at least two ion filters in pairs, such as the first ion filter 121 and the second ion filter 122, as in the example shown in FIG. The ion filters 121 and 122 are controlled by the first selection valve 141 so that the brine is not introduced or introduced into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130.

When the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 are anion filters, the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 may extract organic substances contained in the brine introduced into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130. Remove Accordingly, the negative ion exchange membrane of the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 may overcome the disadvantage that the power generation performance of the salt difference generation is reduced due to contamination by organic matter. In addition, since the generator does not have to be stopped in order to replace the anion exchange membrane of the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130, there is an effect of improving the power generation performance of the generator.

When the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 are cation filters, the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 are polygionic ions (Mg) of brine introduced into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130. ²⁺ , Ca ²⁺ ) is removed. Accordingly, the cation exchange membrane of the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 can overcome the disadvantage that the performance is reduced by the polyvalent ion.

As such, as the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 perform an operation of removing organic matter and polyvalent ions, the post-treatment cycle of the stack of the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 may be increased, thereby preventing Maintenance cost reduction of the electrodialysis saline generator 130 is effective. In addition, since power generation is possible through continuous maintenance cleaning through the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 without stopping the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 for stack post-treatment, the effect of improving salinity generation is improved. There is.

The first and second ion filters 121 and 122 may be formed in an integrated structure with the salt differential power generation stack of the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130.

The third ion filter 123 and the fourth ion filter 124 are configured as anion filters for organic matter treatment of fresh water 4 flowing into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130, and the first and second ion filters. As the 121 and 122 are configured in pairs, a plurality of ion filters are provided in pairs.

At this time, as the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124 treat organic materials in the fresh water 4, the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124 in the exemplary embodiment in which the fresh water 4 is sewage effluent. Pollution TOC of freshwater prior to the inflow into) and the freshwater contamination TOC after treatment in the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124 are reduced by about 30 to 50% as shown in FIG. In this manner, the organic materials that may affect the stack of the salt differential generator 130 may be processed by the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124.

The first selection valve 141 allows the brine to be provided to the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 through either one of the first and second ion filters 121, 122, and the third ion filter 123 is paired. When provided with a selection valve to provide fresh water to the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 through any one of the third ion filter 123 of the third ion filter 123 provided in pairs.

The first selection valve 141 flows out of the total organic carbon (TOC) of the brine flowing into the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 and the first and second ion filters 121 and 122. It is driven to select one of the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 according to the difference value of the total organic carbon of the brine.

In one example, the first selection valve 141 includes a treatment device having a reference value set to monitor the difference in the total organic carbon of the brine flowing out of the first and second ion filters 121 and 122, and The total organic carbon is compared with a reference value to generate a selection signal for selecting either one of the first and second ion filters 121 and 122.

In addition, the first selection valve 141 is a total organic carbon of fresh water flowing into the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124 and a total organic gas of fresh water flowing out of the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124. The difference in carbon is compared with a reference value to drive a selection signal for selecting one of the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124.

In one example, the first selection valve 141 is the first to be monitored that the total organic carbon difference of the brine or fresh water flowing in and out of the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, 124 is more than 30% And fourth to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124. On the other hand, the first selection valve 141 is controlled to perform a post-treatment operation without passing the brine or fresh water to the ion filter having a difference in total organic carbon of less than 30%.

In another example, the first selection valve 141 may be a pressure of brine flowing into the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 and a pressure of brine flowing out of the first and second ion filters 121 and 122. Is driven to select one of the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 by the difference of the pressure and the pressure of the brine flowing into the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124 and the third and fourth ions. The ion filter is driven to select one of the third and fourth ion filters 123 and 124 according to the difference in the pressure of the brine flowing out of the filters 123 and 124.

In one example, the first selection valve 141 has a pressure difference of 0.5 (kgf / cm 2) between the brine and fresh water flowing into the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124 and the brine and fresh water flowing out. It drives to select the said ion filter judged to be the following. On the other hand, the first selection valve 141 controls to perform the post-treatment operation without passing the brine or fresh water to the ion filter having a pressure difference greater than 0.5.

As such, the brine is introduced into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 through one of the first and second ion filters 121 and 122 by the first selection valve 141, or the third to third. Fresh water can be introduced into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 through any one of the four ion filters 123 and 124, so that the operation of the ion filter, which is a replacement target, that is, a post treatment target, can be easily controlled. Will be.

In another example, the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124 or the first selection valve 141 may be anion exchange filter state information of the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124. It can be monitored and generated as notification information and delivered to an external manager terminal or a management server, in this case, may further include a configuration for communication, it is not limited thereto.

The second selection valve 142 is a valve for supplying the aftertreatment solution 2 stored in the aftertreatment solution providing unit 170 to the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124. As shown in FIG. 3, the aftertreatment solution 2 stored in the aftertreatment solution provider 170 passes through the first ion filter 121 by the second selection valve 142 to provide the aftertreatment solution provider 170. After the first loop and the post-treatment solution 2 stored in the post-treatment solution provider 170 pass through the third ion filter 123 by the second selection valve 142, the post-treatment solution provider ( Driving to the second loop back to 170.

The second select valve 142 is first to fourth as the first select valve 141 is driven to select to provide brine or fresh water to the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, 124. Total organic carbon difference between the brine or fresh water flowing into and out of the ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124, or the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124 or the reverse electric dialysis saline generator ( According to the pressure difference between the brine or fresh water flowing into and out of 130, the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124 are driven to provide the aftertreatment solution 2.

The second selection valve 142 transfers the aftertreatment solution 2 stored in the aftertreatment solution providing unit 170 through the first and second loops to the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124. As it is driven to provide, it is possible to maintain the state of the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, 124 degraded by filtering the suspended matter, foreign matter and exchange anions.

In one example, the aftertreatment solution provided to the fourth to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124 may be a solution in which NaCl, NaOH, Na ₂ CO ₃ is dissolved in water. At this time, NaCl is 1.0M (Mole, mol) or less, NaOH is preferably 0.01M or less.

In this case, the post-treatment solution and air may be simultaneously supplied to the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124 that are the post-treatment targets. As the post-treatment solution and the air are simultaneously supplied to the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124, while the post-treatment solution chemically processes the organic material adsorbed to the ion filter, the air has a bubble effect. It is possible to physically treat the organic material generated chemically, it is possible to maximize the cleaning effect.

For example, the amount of air introduced into the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124 may be 1 to 1 of the post-treatment solution flowing into the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, and 124. It may be supplied at 50vol%, the type and concentration of the post-treatment solution supplied to the first to fourth ion filters 121, 122, 123, 124, and the amount of air supplied vary depending on the operating conditions of the differential power generation It should not be limited to this.

Referring back to Figure 1 to explain the structure of the power generation system (S) using the salt differential power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, the reverse electric dialysis salt differential generator 130 is a river, sewage effluent in addition to the brine (1) The fresh water pre-treatment unit 150, which receives the fresh water 4, pre-treat the fresh water and the low-pressure pump unit 160, which is a pump for the smooth inflow of fresh water (4) flowing into the reverse electric dialysis saline generator 130 Equipped.

At this time, although not shown in the drawing, the low pressure pump 160 for moving the fresh water 4 to the freshwater pretreatment 150 may be formed at the inlet end of the brine pretreatment 110 receiving the brine 1. This is not limiting.

Reverse electric dialysis saline generator 130 performs the reverse electric dialysis saline power generation by using the brine (1) pre-treated in the brine pre-treatment unit 110 and fresh water (4) pre-treated in the fresh water pre-treatment unit 150 And brine (1) or fresh water (4) used to carry out reverse electrodialysis saline power generation as discharge water (3).

As shown in FIG. 4, the power generation system S using salt differential power generation according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a small hydro power generator algae generator 180, a photovoltaic device 190, an energy storage system 210, and electric power. It may further include a conversion unit 220 and the electric charging system 230, the hydro-power generator algae generator 180 using the brine or fresh water that has completed the generation of salt differential in reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 The brine or fresh water is discharged as the discharged water (3) after hydrophobic or algae generation.

The photovoltaic device 190 is configured such that the fresh water pretreated in the freshwater pretreatment unit 150 is positioned on a path into which the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 is introduced, whereby the pretreated fresh water is installed in the photovoltaic device. The solar module constituting the 190 cools that the temperature is increased by the sunlight, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device 190. At the same time, since the fresh water 4 passing through the photovoltaic device 190 and flowing out is supplied to the salt difference generator 130 while the temperature is raised, the salt difference generator of the salt difference generator 4 is as shown in Table 1 below. The effect of improving the output can be obtained.

Solar panels Freshwater temperature
(RED entrance, ^O C) Seawater temperature
(RED entrance, ^O C) electric current
density
(A / m ² ) power
density
(W / m ² ) radish 20 20 48 1.4 U 30 51 1.45 40 54 1.5 50 59 1.7

In another example, although not shown in the drawing, in addition to the pretreated fresh water, the pretreated brine also passes through a flow path installed on the surface of the solar module of the photovoltaic device 190 or the rear of the photovoltaic device 190. Designed in a structure, it can be configured to pass through as the cooling water, at this time, the differential power generation output of the salt differential generator 4, as shown in Table 2.

Solar panels Seawater temperature
(RED entrance, ^O C) Freshwater temperature
(RED entrance, ^O C) electric current
density
(A / m ² ) power
density
(W / m ² ) radish 20 20 48 1.4 U 30 52 1.5 40 55 1.53 50 58 1.59

The fresh water 4 passing through the third to fourth ion filters 123 and 124 flows into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 via the photovoltaic device 190, and thus the third to fourth ions. The filter 123, 124, the photovoltaic device 190, and the reverse electrodialysis saline generator 130 may be integrally formed. The photovoltaic device 190 is a floating solar water formed to float on a brine or fresh water surface. It can be formed as a light panel.

The energy storage system 210 receives and stores electricity produced through hydrophobic power or algae power generation from the hydro-power generator algae generator 180, or electricity produced using a solar module in the photovoltaic device 190, or reverse. Electric dialysis salinity generator 130 stores the electricity produced by the generation of salinity difference.

The power converter 220 converts the electricity produced by the power generation system stored in the energy storage system 210 into electric power, and the electric charging system 230 converts the power converted by the power converter 220 into an electric charging station. To be implemented as an electrical charging infrastructure.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements of those skilled in the art using the basic concepts of the present invention defined in the following claims are also provided. It belongs to the scope of rights.

S: Power generation system using salt power generation
110: salt water pretreatment unit 121: first ion filter
130: reverse electric dialysis salinity generator 141: first selection valve
150: fresh water pretreatment unit 160: low pressure pump unit
170: post-processing solution providing unit
180: Small Hydro Power Generation System
190: PV device 210: energy storage system
220: power conversion unit 230: electric charging system

Claims (15)

A reverse electrodialysis saline generator having a reverse electrodialysis stack having a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and producing electricity using brine and fresh water;
A first ion filter connected to an input terminal of the reverse electrodialysis saline generator and filtering organic matter of the brine or fresh water flowing into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator;
A second ion filter connected to an input of the reverse dialysis saline generator and connected in parallel to the first ion filter, and filtering the organic matter of the brine or fresh water flowing into the reverse electrodialysis saline generator; And
A first selection valve for selectively providing said brine or fresh water to said first ion filter or said second ion filter;
Power generation system using salt power generation, including. The method of claim 1,
And a pre-treatment unit for removing the suspended matter contained in the brine or fresh water supplied to the reverse electrodialysis saline generator. Claim 3 has been abandoned upon payment of a setup registration fee. The method of claim 2,
The pre-treatment unit is a power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that the cartridge filter. Claim 4 was abandoned upon payment of a set-up fee. The method of claim 3,
The cartridge filter is a power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that the pore size is 5㎛ or more. Claim 5 was abandoned upon payment of a set-up fee. The method of claim 1,
The first ion filter is a power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that the anion exchange filter. Claim 6 has been abandoned upon payment of a set-up fee. The method of claim 1,
The first ion filter has a particle size of 100㎛ ~ 1.2㎜ generation system using salt differential power generation, characterized in that. delete delete The method of claim 1,
The first selection valve is a power generation system using salt differential power generation, characterized in that driven by the difference between the total organic carbon of the brine or fresh water flowing in and out of the first and second ion filter. The method of claim 1,
The first selector valve is driven by a pressure difference between the inflow and outflow of the brine or freshwater from the first and second ion filters, or a pressure difference between the inflow and outflow of the brine or freshwater from the reverse electrodialysis saline generator. Power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that. The method of claim 1,
A post-treatment solution providing unit for providing a post-treatment solution for cleaning the first and second ion filters; And
A second selection valve selectively providing the post-treatment solution provided from the post-treatment solution providing unit to the first ion filter or the second ion filter;
A power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that it further comprises. The method of claim 1,
Including photovoltaic module to perform photovoltaic power generation, and the installed brine or fresh water is installed to pass through the surface of the photovoltaic module or the back of the photovoltaic module, the temperature of the photovoltaic module Solar power generation device to use for cooling
A power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that it further comprises. The method of claim 12,
The photovoltaic module is a power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that the floating solar panel on the surface of the brine or fresh water. The method of claim 1,
The power generation system using salt power generation, characterized in that the waste water discharged after performing the power generation in the reverse dialysis dialysis salt generator generator into a hydropower generator or a tidal flow generator. Claim 15 was abandoned upon payment of a set-up fee. The method of claim 1,
And the first ion filter and the reverse electrodialysis stack are integrated.

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