KR102026175B1 - Design Method for Valves Arrangement of Water Distribution Network in case of Pipeline Breakage, and Recording Medium Storing Program for Executing the Method, and Recording Medium Storing Computer Program for Executing the Method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for designing valves of a waterworks network for corresponding to a pipeline accident; a computer-readable recording medium having a computer program recorded therein to implement the same; and a computer program recorded therein. In evaluating adequacy and selecting a position of a drain valve in order to drain water without omission for the whole waterworks network, selecting a position of a drain valve added to reduce a drain time based on the drain time, and selecting a position of a control valve installed to divide a segment to be able to be isolated, the method selects the position to realize a uniform drain time with respect to the whole waterworks network while draining water within a maximum allowed drain time, and develops and applies a systematic analysis process for the same, an evaluation index concretely digitized to evaluate the adequacy of the position of the valves, and a drain time calculation model through application of a hydraulic theory and a numerical analysis technique.

Description

Design method for valve arrangement of water supply pipe for responding to pipeline accident, computer readable recording medium storing computer program for implementing the method, and computer program stored on computer readable recording medium case of Pipeline Breakage, and Recording Medium Storing Program for Executing the Method, and Recording Medium Storing Computer Program for Executing the Method}

The present invention evaluates the adequacy for drainage of the entire water supply network without omission, design the drain valve position, and design the position of the drain valve to be added based on the drainage time to isolate the drainage time, and can be isolated In designing the position of the dilution valve to be divided into segments, it is designed to have a uniform drainage time for the whole water supply network while allowing drainage within the maximum draining time that allows the water supply network to operate. Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design for Response to Pipeline Accidents by Developing Systematic Procedures, Detailed Numerical Evaluation Indicators for Evaluating Valve Location, and Estimation of Drainage Time Using Hydraulic Theory and Numerical Analysis Method, computer readable storage computer program for implementing the method A computer program stored in a recording medium and a computer-readable recording medium.

The water supply network is buried underground, making it difficult to visually inspect, maintain, and operate, and as it is operated for a long time after being buried, damage may occur due to aging.

In order to effectively respond to these pipeline accidents and to improve operational efficiency, it is possible to isolate and repair accident sections. To this end, a distillation valve for dividing the water supply pipe network and isolating each section and a drain valve for draining the section to be isolated in conjunction with the distillation valve are installed.

However, the repair of the accident pipeline involves the operation of checking the accident section, the operation of draining the accident section by controlling the dividing valve, the on-site emergency recovery work, and the filling and washing of the drained section.

In this case, in order to reduce the number of steps required for repairing the accident pipeline to minimize the damage caused by the number of steps, the work time for each step needs to be reduced.

In addition, unlike the usual supply of raw water in the event of an accident, it is difficult to artificially shorten the drainage work time, since the section to be isolated must depend on the drainage by gravity flow.

In addition, it is necessary to be able to hydraulically predict the drainage time due to gravity flow, so that the repair of the accident pipeline can be performed unevenly.

In addition, it is necessary to allow drainage work time for the entire water supply network to be repaired within a time that will be predictable and allow for operation at any location.

For this purpose, the drain valve and the distillation valve should be properly arranged.

In particular, the regional water supply system uses a large diameter pipeline compared to the local water supply system, and since the damage and the damage range are very large in the case of a pipeline accident, the arrangement of the drain valve and the distillation valve is very important.

However, if you look at the technical standards of domestic and foreign water supply pipeline, the distillation valve should be arranged within a certain interval, and the arrangement interval of the distillation valve should be reduced according to the importance, and the drain valve is installed in the drainage of the lower part of the downward bend, the sewer pipe, near the river, etc. . In practice, in addition to the standard, it relies on experience in consideration of the path type of the water supply network, the geographical location of each part, and the importance of each part.

According to the 2006-2016 statistics of regional water supply accidents in which drain valves and water valves were installed and operated according to these criteria or experiences, the proportion of pipeline accidents accounted for most of 92%, and the short-term time averaged approximately 9 hours. Including up to the water passing time, it took about 12 hours or more.

However, the deviation is severe depending on the position of the accident, and it is difficult to trust whether the drain valve and the distillation valve are properly disposed from an economical and practical point of view.

On the other hand, there is a conventional technique for planning the position of the dividing valve in accordance with the standard quantifying the damage of the singular damage, but such a prior art has a weight reflecting the importance of the damage population, pipe length, loss flow rate, loss amount, damage customer according to the singular As a quantified index, it cannot be used to design in terms of drainage time, nor was it possible to design in consideration of the drain valve position and the dilution valve position. That is, the prior art was designed to focus on the section of the isolation section (segment) to reduce the damage in terms of the damage scale, and thus could not be utilized in the layout design of the drain valve and the dilution valve reflecting the drainage characteristics.

KR 10-1472551 B1 2014.12.08.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to equalize the drainage time of the entire water supply network by selecting the drainage valve position and the dilution valve position by comprehensively and systematically evaluating the suitability of the drainage area, the drainage time, and the appropriateness of the segment. Water supply pipe system layout design for pipeline accident response that provides the design result that drains within target maximum allowable time and can perform efficient recovery work even if pipeline accident occurs anywhere in the water supply network A method, a computer readable recording medium storing a computer program for implementing the method, and a computer program stored on a computer readable recording medium.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a water supply pipe network valve layout design method, the characteristics of each pipeline, the length of each pipeline, A pipe network data input step (S10) of receiving pipe network data including elevations for each node; For each pipeline, pipe network analysis step (S20) of obtaining the drainage direction by gravity flow from the elevation difference of both nodes; A drainage node selection step (S30) of selecting a plurality of drainage nodes capable of sharing and draining the water supply pipe network, and a drainage area that is a set of pipelines capable of draining for each drainage node according to the drainage direction of each pipe; Select the dilution valve position to segment the drainage area, but calculate and verify the drainage time by segment to limit the drainage time of each segment to less than the preset maximum drainage time, and select the distillation valve position by selecting the valve position (S50). ); And a valve type position output step (S60) of outputting the selected drainage node and the dilution valve position.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pipe network analysis step (S20) gives a first code to a node of a relatively low elevation among both nodes of each pipeline, and a second code to a node of a relatively high elevation, Both sides of the node are given signs by the two side pipes, respectively, and the drainage direction is obtained as the first and second codes. The drainage node selection step (S30) searches for the pipeline along the pipe direction to which the first code is assigned at the node. Drainage zones are obtained by including a conduit up to the node whose sign changes alternately into the drainage zone of that node.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as a subsequent step of the drainage node selection step (S30), by calculating the drainage time of the drainage area for each drainage node, after selecting the drainage zone according to the calculated drainage time size, the selected drainage zone A drainage node correction step (S40) of dividing the drainage area by adding a drainage node in the inner portion is included.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the distillation valve position selection step (S50) after initializing the drainage time t to '0' in order to calculate the drainage time for each segment, the depth h and the water filling based on the orifice of the drainage node Acquiring the flow rate Q according to the interval distance L, integrating the drainage time t by a preset time interval Δt, and draining the flow rate Q during the drainage time Q during Δt depending on the water depth h and the appendage section distance L. The sequence of updating steps is repeated until the drainage time of the segment is less than or equal to the water _drain , and the final drainage time t is obtained as the segment drainage time.

를 산정하여, 배수 구역에서 누락된 관로의 유무를 판별하고, 상기 제수밸브 위치 선정단계(S50)는 상수도 관망의 총연장 L_total , 허용최대배수시간 T_max , 아래 첨자 j로 구분되는 세그먼트별 배수시간 T_j , 및 세그먼트별 관로 연장 L_j 로 나타낸 배수 균등화 지표

를 산정하여, 상수도 관망 전체에 대해 허용최대배수시간의 요건을 충족하는지 판정한다.According to an embodiment of the invention, the drain node selection step (S30) is a multiple range represented by the sum of the channel extending L _i belonging to the selected drainage area in the middle of the channel separated by a total length L and the _total subscript i in Water Distribution Indicator

To determine whether there is a pipe missing from the drainage zone, and the distillation valve position selection step (S50) is the drainage time for each segment divided into _total length L _total , maximum allowable drainage time T _max , and subscript j of the water supply pipe network. Drain equalization indicator represented by T _j , and segment extension L _j

Is calculated to determine whether the maximum water drainage time for the entire water supply network is met.

The present invention made as described above evaluates the adequacy to drain the accident section even if an accident occurs at any position of the water supply network, select the drain valve position without omission, evenly drained within the maximum allowable time for the whole water supply network uniformly In order to select the position of the dividing valve for segmentation, it is possible to provide a design result of the valve arrangement that can efficiently respond to any repair work in any position of the pipeline accident.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the drain valve for shortening the drainage time is added according to the evaluation procedure for the appropriateness of the position, the drainage time equalization by the distillation valve can be more effectively realized.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the drainage characteristics due to gravity flow can be obtained by hydraulic theory and numerical analysis technique, so that the correct drainage time can be calculated and the valve position can be obtained.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the optimum valve position may be planned by utilizing an evaluation index for evaluating the position of the valve.

According to the embodiment, since the present invention has a systematic analysis process for selecting and evaluating valve positions, it is possible to ensure reliability of the valve arrangement arrangement.

1 is a flow chart of a water pipe system valve arrangement design method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a block diagram of a computer device for the implementation of the water supply pipe network valve arrangement design method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the elevation for each distance based on the upstream end (J1) as a reference point after configuring the water supply pipe network in a simple form.
4 is an elevation graph in which the first sign (-), the second sign (+), and the third sign (-/ +) are displayed at both nodes of each pipe line P1 to P15.
FIG. 5 shows a drainage zone of J2 and a drainage zone of J11 as exemplified in FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view in which a node 17 is added in the middle of a pipeline P12 shown in FIG. 4, and a pipeline P16 is added. FIG.
7 shows the minimum number of drainage nodes J2, J3, J4, J11 or J13 and the corresponding drainage zones D1, D2, D3, D4.
8 is a graph in which a drainage node J17 is added to divide the horizontal pipeline P12 shown in FIG. 7.
9 is an exemplary diagram of a graph adding a drainage node.
10 is a graph showing the dividing valve positions C1 to C6.
11 is a flow chart of a modified embodiment of the present invention, showing that the drainage node selection step (S30) can be modified.
12 is a schematic diagram showing the amount of drainage in a pipeline showing the difference in water surface area along the slope i;
13 is a flowchart of a method for calculating an estimated drainage time.
14 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a precise drainage time.
15 illustrates a segment in which slopes i-1 and i-2 or two pipelines 1-1 and 1-2 having different diameters are connected in series.
16 illustrates a segment with drainage nodes;

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described to be easily carried out by those of ordinary skill in the art.

1 is a flowchart of a method for designing a layout of a tap water pipe network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram of a device for implementing a method for designing a valve arrangement for tap water network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for designing a layout of a tap water pipe network system obtains a drainage direction due to gravity flow according to the pipe network data of a tap water network model, and selects a drain valve position and a dilution valve position, but at which position a pipeline accident occurs. Even if the segment to which the accident pipeline belongs can be drained within the maximum allowable drainage time (T _max ), the optimal design method is suggested to reduce the number of steps in case of pipeline accident.

Water supply pipe network valve arrangement design method for this is as shown in Figure 1 network network data input step (S10), pipe network analysis step (S20), drainage node selection step (S30), drainage node correction step (S40), water separator valve Positioning step (S50) and valves position output step (S60) in the order of.

As shown in FIG. 2, an apparatus for implementing a water supply pipe network arrangement design method includes an input unit 50 for performing a network network data input step S10 and a network network analyzer for performing a network network analysis step S20. 10), the drainage valve selection unit 20 for performing the drainage node selection step (S30) and the drainage node correction step (S40), the dilution valve position selection unit (30) for performing the dilution valve position selection step (S50) Drainage time calculation unit 40 for supporting the selection of the optimum drain valve position and the dilution valve position by calculating the drainage time and providing it to the drain valve position selector 20 and the dilution valve position selector 30; And an output unit 60 for outputting the selected optimal drain valve position and the dilution valve position.

Here, the input unit 50 receives the network data of the water supply network model.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the input unit 50 receives the drain valve position or the dilution valve position specified by the designer, so that the input from the drain valve position selector 20 and the dilution valve position selector 30. After verifying that the location is appropriate, you can also select an input location.

The allowable maximum drainage time T _max may not be used as a fixed value in advance, and a designer may select an arbitrary value and input it to the input unit 50.

Such a device may perform the functions of the input unit 50 and the output unit 60 by using a user interface or a data input / output port, and includes a network network analysis unit 10, a drain valve position selector 20, and a dilution valve position. A computer having a microprocessor capable of reading and executing a program for performing a function of the selection unit 30 and the drainage time calculation unit 40 may be configured.

In the pipe network data input step (S10), pipe network analysis step (S20), drainage node selection step (S30), drainage node correction step (S40), dilution valve position selection step (S50) and valve flow position output step (S60) Prior to describing this in detail, the defined drainage range indicator I _L , drainage time indicator I _T , and drainage equalization indicator I _U will be described to evaluate whether the drain valve and the water valve are properly selected.

의 비율을 나타내며, 아래의 수학식 1로 표시할 수 있다. 여기서, 아래첨자 i는 관로를 구분하기 위해 부여한 순번이다.The drainage range indicator I _L is the sum of the length of the pipeline extension L _i of each drainage area that can be drained by the drain valve (valve installed at the drainage node) in the _total extension L _total of the water supply network.

It represents the ratio of and can be expressed by Equation 1 below. Here, the subscript i is the sequence number assigned to distinguish the pipeline.

That is, when the drainage range index I _L is '1', the water supply pipe network is partitioned into the drainage zone without omission, and any of the pipelines can be selected and drained. If the drain range indicator I _L is less than '1', it means that there is a pipeline that cannot be drained by the selected drain valve. On the other hand, in the case of a pipe that can drain to a storage facility (drainage, water purification, absorption well, control basin, etc.), it is selected as a drainage zone that does not require a drain valve, it is included in the pipeline extension of the equation (1).

The drainage time index I _T is obtained by dividing the drainage time T _drain for each zone divided by the allowable maximum drainage time T _max set by the designer, and can be expressed by Equation 2 below.

In other words, the zone where the drainage time index I _T is less than or equal to '1' can drain within the maximum allowable drainage time T _max , which means that the zone selection is appropriate. However, a zone where the drainage time index I _T exceeds '1' means that it cannot drain within the maximum allowable drainage time T _max , which means that the zone selection is not appropriate and it is necessary to divide the zone.

Here, the maximum allowable drainage time T _max is the upper limit allowed when draining the accident zone of the water supply pipe network. In order to shorten the singular time required for the restoration work of the pipeline, the minimum target value and the drainage time of the singular time are determined from the singular time. The ratio can be set appropriately by the designer in consideration of the proportion of the charge.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the area for calculating the drainage time index I _T is defined by a drainage area partitioned according to the drainage node when selecting the drainage node, and a dilution valve position when the water drainage valve position is selected. It is a segment to be divided, and each area is evaluated by evaluating drainage time index I _T.

On the other hand, when draining up to the drain valve can be determined as the depth after draining within the range of 5% to 10% of the initial depth of drainage, it is possible to calculate the drainage time required to drain to the depth after draining. Although it depends on the situation, if the water level is lowered within the range of 5% to 10% of the initial depth of drainage, it takes a long time to drain the raw water, and in practice, it is forced to use a drainage pump instead of the drainage caused by gravity flow. Because. However, depending on the site conditions of the water supply network, only drainage by gravity flow may be performed. When draining to the water separator valve, the drainage time is calculated by the gravity flow to the water separator valve position.

The drainage equalization index I _U evaluates the drainage time according to the selected drainage area and valve location for the entire water supply network, so that the drainage area is equally selected on the pipe network and the drainage time is limited within the maximum allowable drainage time T _max. It can be confirmed that, and was calculated by the following equation (3).

는 i번째 세그먼트의 배수시간 지표 I_T 와 1 중에 큰 값을 주는 MAX 함수이다. 그리고, 배수 균등화 지표 I_U 는 제수밸브에 의해 구획된 각 세그먼트의 MAX 함수값과 세그먼트 연장 L의 곱셈한 값을 합산한 후 상수도 관망의 총연장 L_total 로 나누어 얻는다. Here, j is the order assigned to the segments in order to distinguish each segment divided by the dividing valve,

Is the MAX function that gives the greater of the I-segment drainage time I _T and 1. The drain equalization index I _U is obtained by adding up the MAX function value of each segment divided by the dividing valve and the multiplied value of the segment extension L and dividing by the _total length L _total of the water supply network.

Therefore, if the drain valve is selected so that the entire water supply network can be drained without omission and the drain valve is selected so that the drain time index I _T of all segments is '1' or less, the drain equalization index I _U is set to '1'. do. If it is not '1', there is a section that cannot be drained or a section that cannot drain within the maximum allowable drainage time T _max .

Although it will be known in advance, the drainage time calculation unit 40 calculates the estimated drainage time without applying friction loss in the drainage node correction step (S40) performed by the drainage valve position selector 20, the dilution valve position In the dividing valve position selection step (S50) performed by the selecting unit 30 to calculate the precision drainage time to apply the friction loss.

The estimated drainage time calculation method and the precise drainage time calculation method are described separately below.

Hereinafter, each step according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The network data input step (S10) is a step of receiving, through the input unit 50, the network data including the characteristics of each pipeline, the length of each pipeline, and the elevation of each node among the data of the water supply network model.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing elevations for distances based on an upstream end J1 as a reference point after constructing a virtual water supply network in a simple form in order to explain input network data.

The water supply network model is defined with an interval from the upstream end (J1) to the downstream end (J4) for the water supply network that supplies raw water (or water, water) from the upstream end (J1) to the downstream end (J4). A model represented by a node (node, J1 to J16) and a pipe between the nodes (pipe, P1 to P15), and includes various data that can grasp the state of raw water in the network, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, The pipe network data including the length of each pipe line and the elevation of each node expressed in the graph of FIG. 3 is received.

Here, the characteristics of each pipeline includes the pipe diameter and roughness coefficient (Roughness) of each pipe (pipe, P1 ~ P15).

Nodes (J1 to J16) may be determined in various ways for pipe network analysis, but in the embodiment of the present invention includes an upstream end (J1) and a downstream end (J4) of the water supply network, as described below. Since it is decided as the drain valve installation position, it is better to set it at the point where the drain valve can be installed. In addition, the characteristics and inclination of the pipes P1 to P15 partitioned by the nodes are not changed in the middle of the pipeline as described below. Therefore, the nodes J1 to J16 are used to change the characteristics or the slope of the nodes. It is good to set a point.

As shown in Table 1 below, the pipe network data inputted from the data of the waterworks pipe network model modeled according to the nodes (nodes J1 to J16) set as described above are summarized in Table 1 below, the IDs of both nodes of the pipeline, the length of the pipeline (LENGTH), It consists of input data for each line including the DIAMETER and ROUGHNESS of the line, and input data for each node including the ELVATION as summarized in Table 2 below.

The pipe network analysis step (S20) is a step of determining the drainage direction of each pipe (P1 ~ P15) in the pipe network analysis unit 10, each pipe line by gravity flow based on the pipe network data received through the input unit 50 The drainage direction of (P1-P15) is obtained from the elevation difference of the nodes (J1-J16).

However, in the pipelines P1 to P15 of the water supply pipe network, a pipeline capable of bidirectional gravity flow may also exist, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, such a pipeline is identified according to the network network data to determine a horizontal pipeline.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a systematic approach is used to programmatically select the horizontal pipeline and determine the drainage direction of the pipeline (P1 to P15) programmatically. Node-Arc matrix constructing step (S21), each of which constitutes a Node-Arc matrix that shows the connection relationship between J16) and the pipelines (P1 to P15) and can be traced by searching in the row and column directions. Gradient code selection step (S22) for assigning a gradient code according to the slope of (P1 ~ P15) and relative altitude matrix construction step for constructing a relative altitude matrix for tracking the drainage direction by reflecting the gradient code in the Node-Arc matrix (S23).

Node-Arc matrix is a matrix used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and as shown in Table 3 below, the row number is the node number and the column number is the pipe number, and the element has a value of '1'. In this case, both nodes connected to each conduit can be obtained by searching in the row direction, and the pipes connected to the nodes can be obtained by searching in the column direction.

In order to obtain the inclination code SG of each of the pipelines P1 to P15, first, the elevation difference Δh obtained by subtracting the downstream pipeline length L from the downstream pipeline elevation from the upstream node elevation to each pipeline P1 to P15 is obtained. The slope i is obtained by substituting the following Equation 4, and the limit horizontal slope i _CR is obtained by substituting the diameter D, the pipe length L, and the elevation difference Δh into the following Equation 5.

Slope code SG gives '0' if slope i is in the range of -i _CR to + i _CR , '-1' if less than -i _CR , and '1' if it exceeds + i _CR. As summarized in Fig. 4, the inclination code SG of each pipe line P1 to P15 is obtained.

Thus, referring to Table 4, '-1' means a downstream downward conduit, and '1' means a downstream upward conduit. '0' means a horizontal pipeline, but does not mean just horizontally buried, and means a pipeline capable of both upstream gravity flow and downstream gravity flow.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the critical horizontal slope i _CR is a value for determining whether the upstream gravity flow and the downstream gravity flow are possible, and are influenced by the pipe diameter D, which is a characteristic of the pipe. And apply to the relevant pipeline.

On the other hand, according to Equation 4.5, if the elevation difference Δh of both nodes is less than 1/2 of the diameter D is treated as a horizontal pipeline, the criterion for determining the horizontal pipeline is not limited to 1/2 of the diameter D, for example The adjustment may be carried out as set in 1/3 of the diameter D. However, the elevation difference Δh of both nodes should be smaller than the diameter D, and the smaller the diameter D, the smaller the diameter D, and the larger the amount of drainage in the upward direction.

Then, the relative altitude matrix in which the element value is changed by applying the slope code SG of each pipe line P1 to P15 to the Node-Arc matrix is constructed as shown in Table 5 below.

Referring to Table 5, each pipeline (P1 ~ P15) has two elements by both nodes, but for the pipeline with slope sign of '1' or '-1', 1 code | symbol (-1) was attached | subjected, and the 2nd code | symbol 1 was attached | subjected to the element by the node of a relatively high elevation.

In addition, about the horizontal line P4, P6, P9, P12 whose inclination code is "0", the 3rd code | symbol (-1/1) was similarly attached to the two elements by both nodes. The third code (-1/1) is a code for indicating a state in which the first code (-1) or the second code (1) is not determined. The first code or the second code may be used depending on the connecting pipe.

4 shows the first, second, and third codes of Table 5 in the graph of FIG. 3, wherein the first code is '-', the second code is '+', and the third code is '+/-'. By changing the display, it is easier to understand.

Referring to FIG. 4, the water supply pipes sequentially meet the signs, and when passing through the nodes, the codes sequentially given by the two pipelines meet each other in succession, and a drainage direction may be obtained according to the signs. That is, it is possible to obtain the drainage direction by gravity flow at each node in each pipeline, and all nodes (J2 ~ J3, J5 ~ 16) except for the upstream end (J1) and the downstream end (J4) of the water supply network. ), There is a sign given to each of the upstream pipeline and the downstream pipeline, respectively, so that the drainage direction at the node can be obtained.

In addition, since the horizontal lines P4, P6, P9, and P12 can be identified by the third code, the drainage direction can be determined to drain along the drainage direction of the subsequent pipe. That is, the drainage direction of the horizontal pipes P4, P6, P9, and P12 can be determined depending on the sign indicating the drainage direction of the connected pipe line as described below.

The drainage node selection step (S30) is a drainage zone that is a set of pipelines that can be drained by selecting a plurality of nodes that can be drained by sharing the waterworks pipe network among the nodes (J1 ~ J16) As a step of selecting together, an optimal drainage node is selected based on the above drainage matrix.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, after guiding the nodes to be selected as drainage nodes among the nodes J1 to J16, the designer selects the drainage node, and the drainage node selection step (S30) for this is a drainage direction matrix constructing step. (S31) and the minimum / maximum number of drainage node extraction step (S32), and then guided by the drainage node and drainage node that selects the drainage node by inputting the designer and searches for the drainage area by the selected drainage node The selection step S33 is repeated until the drainage range index I _L becomes '1' (S34).

The step S31 of constructing the drainage direction matrix is a step of obtaining a drainage zone for each node and expressing the pipelines P1 to P15 capable of draining to the respective nodes J1 to J16 in a matrix. Exploring the pipelines to be included in the nodal drains according to rules 3 and 4

According to the first rule, the pipelines P1 to P15 that can drain to the nodes J1 to J16 search for the pipeline along the pipeline direction to which the first code (-1) is assigned at the node, so that the codes alternately. The pipeline to the node is obtained by including it in the drainage area of the node.

According to the second rule, if a horizontal pipeline is encountered while searching for a pipeline to be included in the drainage zone, the third code (-1/1) given by the horizontal pipeline is changed, but the code is changed along the search direction. Change to the first sign (-1) or the second sign (1) to change to arc, so that the horizontal pipeline is included in the drainage zone and the search continues until after the horizontal pipeline.

The third and fourth rules are the rules to be applied when defining drainage areas capable of draining to the nodes of horizontal pipelines.

According to the third rule, if a pipeline other than the horizontal pipeline is connected to the corresponding node, the third code of the node is changed to the same code as that given by the connected pipeline, and then according to the first and second rules. Navigate. Of course, the remaining nodes of the horizontal pipeline are given opposite signs and then searched for the pipeline.

According to the fourth rule, when another horizontal line is connected to a node of a horizontal line, that is, in the case of a node connecting horizontal lines, a first code is given to the node and the other node represents a second code. After assigning, the pipeline is searched according to the first and second rules.

An example of a specific search process will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a drainage zone of J2 and a drainage zone of J11 illustrated in FIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 5, since J2 has been assigned a first sign (-) from the pipe lines P2 and P3, respectively, both the upstream search in the pipe P2 direction and the downstream search in the pipe P3 direction are possible according to the first rule. In the upstream search, the first sign (-) and the second sign (+) appear alternately to the node J1, and thus the search is performed to the node J1 according to the first rule. In the downstream search, after the pipeline P3, the horizontal pipeline P4 is met, so that the first code (-) and the second code (+) alternately appear from the pipeline P3 to the pipeline P4 so that the third codes of the pipeline P4 nodes J6 and J7 alternately appear. Change (-/ +) to the first sign (-) or the second sign (+) according to the second rule. Since only the second sign (+) is present at the node J7, the search ends at the node J7 according to the first rule. Thus, the drainage zone of J2 is from node J1 to node J7, and includes pipelines P1, P2, P3, P4.

Since J11 is a node given with the third sign (-/ +) by the horizontal line P9, it is changed to the same sign as the first sign (-) given by the connecting line P10 according to the third rule, and the remaining nodes J10 are The second sign (+) opposite to the first sign (-) is given. Then, it searches and stops upstream node J10 and stops upstream node J12 according to the first rule. Accordingly, the drainage zone of J11 includes pipelines P9 and P10.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the fourth rule, in which a node 17 is added to the middle of the pipeline P12 shown in FIG. 4, and the pipeline P16 is added.

In Fig. 6, since node 17 is a node to which horizontal line P12 and horizontal line P16 are connected, the third node (-/ +) given by both horizontal line P12 and P17 is respectively the first node (-) according to the fourth rule. And change the remaining nodes J13 and J14 of both horizontal pipes P12 and P17 to second nodes (+), respectively. Then, at the node 17, an upstream search and a downstream search are performed to search for a conduit to be included in the drainage zone at the node 17.

The searching process of the pipeline belonging to the drainage zone for each node starts in the relative altitude matrix shown in Table 5, starting with the element assigned with the first sign (-1) among the elements written for each node, Alternatively, the direction element search may be performed alternately, and the program may be performed by searching only the element in which the first code (-1) and the second code (1) appear alternately.

By the above-described search process, a drainage direction matrix representing a pipeline included in the drainage zone for each node may be configured as shown in Table 6 below (S31).

Here, '-1' is an upstream pipeline and '1' is a downstream pipeline among the element values.

After constructing the drainage matrix as described above, the maximum number of drainage nodes that can be installed in the drain valve is extracted among the minimum number of drainage nodes and nodes that can include the entire water supply network as a drainage zone without omission (S32).

The maximum number of drainage nodes can be obtained by extracting only those nodes with at least one pipeline as drainage space. The maximum number of drainage nodes in Table 6 are J2, J3, J4, J5, J8, J11, J13, J14, J16.

To obtain the minimum number of drainage nodes, for node-specific drainage areas consisting of a set of conduits, alternatively for the same set except for a subset of the other sets, reduce the number of drainage areas, but the horizontal conduits Allow to belong

Accordingly, the minimum number of drainage zones having the horizontal pipeline as elements of the intersection can be obtained, and the nodes corresponding to the minimum number of drainage zones in the drainage direction matrix can be selected as the minimum number of drainage nodes.

When referring to the drainage matrix of Table 6, the maximum number of drainage nodes J2, J3, J4, J5, J8, J11, J13, J14, and J16, J5 is excluded by J2, and J8 and J11 by J3. J16 is excluded by J4, and J13 and J14 are selected by either of the same drainage zones, so only one of J2, J3, J4, J11, and J13 remains.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating four minimum number drainage nodes J2, J3, J4, J11 or J13 and four drainage zones D1, D2, D3, and D4 thus obtained.

Referring to FIG. 7, since the pipeline P4 is a horizontal pipeline, the pipeline P4 is commonly included in the drain zone D1 of J2 and the drain zone D2 of J3. On the other hand, since the node J4 at the downstream end usually means a reservoir, it is not actually provided with a drain valve, and the reservoir is regarded as a drainage node.

The minimum number of drainage nodes and the maximum number of drainage nodes thus obtained are output to the designer through the output unit 60.

Then, the designer refers to the minimum number of drainage nodes and the maximum number of drainage nodes, receives the selected node as the drainage node, selects the drainage area by the input drainage node (S33), and the drainage area is the drainage range index (I _L ). (S34), and if the condition according to the drainage range index I _L is not satisfied, the guide to re-enter the drainage node. By repeating this process, drainage nodes and drainage areas are selected that meet the conditions according to the drainage range index I _L.

That is, the minimum water drainage node satisfies the condition according to the drainage range index I _L , but there may be a node that may be difficult or impossible to install or operate the drain valve even if the model is selected and modeled by the actual water supply network. This should treat the raw water drained from the water supply network, since the place where the drained raw water is treated is limited. Therefore, the designer directly selects a drainage node for installing a drain valve by referring to the minimum drainage node and the maximum drainage node, and according to the value of the drainage range index of Equation 1, It is to determine the presence and absence of drainage node.

For the convenience of the designer, the drainage zone of the drainage node selected by the designer is obtained by the drainage matrix of Table 6 or by searching in the relative altitude matrix of Table 5, and then the missing conduit not included in the drainage zone. If is present, it is preferable to output and guide the node that can drain the missing pipe.

However, if all nodes are suitable to be selected as drainage nodes, or if the nodes that are suitable as drainage nodes are specified in advance and the minimum drainage nodes are extracted only within the designated nodes, the minimum number of drains extracted without the designer's selection The node may be selected as a drainage node.

Of course, in the drainage node / drainage zone selection step (S33), the drainage node may be selected as the drainage node, and the drainage zone may be selected accordingly, but the drainage node may be added by a designer input to modify the drainage zone. .

In addition, the nodes of the horizontal pipeline among the drainage nodes selected as the minimum number of drainage nodes should be alternatively selected from both nodes of the horizontal pipeline, and may be selected by the designer in the drainage node / drainage zone selection step (S33).

On the other hand, the drainage node / drainage zone selection step (S33) may allow the designer to select and input a point on the pipeline as a drainage node.

That is, instead of selecting and inputting the drainage node only to the node input in the pipe network data input step (S10), the pipeline splits the channel so that the splitting point is selected as the drainage node. In this case, since the nodes are added, the pipe network analyzer 10 modifies the additional nodes in the Node-Arc matrix and the relative altitude matrix, and the drain valve position selector 20 also modifies the drain direction matrix.

FIG. 8 is a graph in which a drainage node J17 dividing the horizontal pipe P12 shown in FIG. 7 is added.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, since draining in the middle may shorten the drainage time rather than draining through both nodes, the horizontal pipeline P12 shown in FIG. It is preferable to divide the new pipe | tubes P12 and P16 into new nodes J17, and to select new node J17 as a drainage node. Of course, even if a new node is inputted by the designer as a drainage node, the drainage zone is selected according to the modified drainage matrix by adding the new node and verified whether the condition according to the drainage range index I _L is satisfied. do.

The drainage node selection step (S30) described above is terminated when the drainage node and the drainage zone is selected to meet the conditions according to the drainage range indicator (I _L ), and then proceeds to the drainage node correction step (S40). Goes.

The drainage node correcting step (S40) calculates the drainage time of the drainage zone for each drainage node selected in the drainage node selection step (S30), selects the drainage area according to the calculated drainage time, and divides the selected drainage area. This step allows you to add drainage nodes.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the drainage node may be selectively added by the designer only when there is a drainage zone whose drainage time index I _T exceeds '1' in the drainage zone. After calculating the drainage time calculation step (S41) to calculate the drainage time for each drainage zone, the drainage time index for each drainage zone (I _T ) is calculated, and the drainage time index for each drainage zone (I _T ) is all less than or equal to '1'. If so, the flow proceeds to the next step of the dilution valve positioning step (S50), and if there is any drainage area exceeding '1', the drainage time verification step (S42) enables the designer to add a drainage node (S43). Include.

The drainage time calculating step (S41) is calculated according to the estimated drainage time calculation method described later to the drainage time for each pipeline, and summed for each drainage zone. In the case of horizontal pipelines, the drainage time varies depending on the drainage direction.

Here, the estimated drainage time calculation method is applied and the drainage time is calculated and applied to each pipeline because the drainage valve is selected before the distillation valve is selected. In other words, the drainage time to be examined can be calculated after the distillation valve is selected. In addition, even if the drainage time is accurately calculated for each drainage area is limited where the drain valve can be installed, in practice, it may be difficult to lower the drainage time indicator (I _T ) to less than '1' only the drain valve.

Therefore, in the present step, the drainage time is obtained by using a method that has a small amount of calculation, the position to add the drain valve is selected, and the correct drainage time is calculated in the subsequent distillation valve position selection step (S50) to the drainage time index I _T. The dilution valve is selected to meet the requirements.

For example, a process of obtaining a drainage time of the drainage area D1 will be described with reference to FIG. 8.

First, for each of the pipes P1, P2, P3, and P4 belonging to the drainage area D1, the time required for draining to the drainage node J2 of the drainage area D1 is calculated according to the estimated drainage time calculation method. do. For example, the drainage time of the pipeline P1 is the time taken to lower the water level from the node J1 to the node J5, and the drainage time of the pipeline P2 is the time required to lower the water level from the node J5 to the node J2.

Next, the drainage time calculated for each of the pipe lines P1, P2, P3, and P4 is added to obtain a drainage time for draining the entire drainage area D1 to the drainage node J2.

When the drainage time of drainage zone D2 of drainage node J3 is obtained, there is a pipeline P4 overlapping drainage zone D1. At this time, the drainage time to the drainage node J3 is calculated.

As a result of calculating the drainage time for each drainage zone in this way, if there is one drainage zone that does not meet the drainage time index (I _T ), the drainage node for dividing the drainage zone is added and the drainage for each divided drainage zone Re-establish the time (S41), and re-verify whether it meets the drainage time index (I _T ) (S42).

9 is an example of a graph in which a drainage node is added, and a drainage node J18 is added to the drainage area D2 of the drainage node J3 to have a drainage area D5 of the drainage node J18.

Here, the additional drainage node may be selected from nodes that are not selected as drainage nodes, or may be divided into a manner of dividing a conduit in the drainage area to be divided as shown in FIG. 9.

On the other hand, it is not necessary to divide all of the drainage zones that do not meet the drainage time index I _T and add drainage nodes, but only to add the drainage nodes.

That is, the designer can check the variation of the drainage time index I _T according to the addition of the drainage node, and thus, the drainage time for each drainage zone can be lowered by adding a drainage node that is possible in the water supply network.

For the convenience of design, for a drainage zone that does not satisfy the drainage time index I _T , a division position for minimizing the difference in drainage time for each divided drainage zone may be obtained and guided to the designer.

However, if the node where the drain valve can be installed is set in advance and the node is programmed to select the drainage node to minimize the difference in drainage time for each divided drainage zone, the drainage node can be added without the designer input. .

Although not described above, when the drainage node is added by dividing the pipeline, the additional drainage node is added to the Node-Arc matrix, the relative altitude matrix, and the drainage direction matrix, and the drainage area is also corrected. It should be estimated.

On the other hand, although not shown in the flow chart of Figure 1, without adding a drainage node, the drainage node selected in the drainage node selection step (S30) may be changed to another node, in this case drainage node / drainage zone selection step ( Proceeding to S33), it may be verified whether the drainage range index I _L is satisfied.

The dilution valve position selecting step (S50) is a step of selecting a dilution valve position to segment the drainage zone.

The segment is a section for dividing each of the drainage zones D1 to D5 partitioned by the drainage node selection step S30 and the drainage node correction step S40 so as to be isolated by the distillation valve.

The dividing valve position selection step (S50) selects the position of the Jess valve so as to limit the drainage time for each segment to less than the preset maximum drainage time, in the embodiment of the present invention is substituted for the drainage time for each segment in the equation (3) Allow the designer to input the dilution valve position until the drain equalization index (I _U ) of Equation 6 obtained below is '1'.

Where L _total is the total extension of the water supply network, T _max is the maximum allowable drainage time, T _j is the drainage time of the segment separated by subscript j, and L _j is the conduit extension of the segment separated by subscript j.

That is, when the designer inputs the dividing valve position (S51), the drainage time for each segment obtained by dividing by the dividing valve is calculated (S52), and the drainage equalization index (I _U ) is calculated by substituting the drainage time for each segment. It is determined that the requirements of the maximum allowable drainage time for the entire water supply network are not met, and the dilution valve positions are repeatedly entered until the requirements are met.

Here, since the drainage time for each segment is an estimate of the time taken to actually drain the segment to be isolated, the frictional loss and the raw water flow during the actual drainage, not the estimated drainage time calculation method applied in the drainage node correction step (S40). Apply precise drainage time estimation methods that reflect (or behavior within the network).

Therefore, even if the drainage time index I _T of the drainage zone is satisfied in the step of correcting the drainage node (S40), the drainage time is regarded as a segment, and the drainage time of the segment is calculated according to the precision drainage time calculation method. After that, it is verified whether the drainage equalization index I _U becomes '1' (S53).

However, when the drainage node correction step (S40) is not satisfied with the drainage time indicator (I _T ) of the drainage zone and the current step is reached, the distillation valve position is selected (S51), and the drainage zone is located in the drainage valve position. The segment is obtained by dividing according to the method, and the drainage equalization index I _U is calculated to be '1' by calculating the drainage time for each segment (S53).

In either case, let the distillation valve position be selected until the drain equalization index (I _U ) becomes '1'. Of course, it is also possible to move the dividing valve position, so that the drain equalization index I _U becomes '1'.

10 is a graph showing the selected dilution valve positions C1 to C6.

According to the graph of FIG. 10, some of the drainage zones D1, D2, and D5 in which six water discharge valve positions C1 to C6 are selected are divided into a plurality of segments S1 to S7, and the water discharge valve position is not selected. The remaining drainage zones D3 and D4 remain as segments S8 and S9, and there are nine segments S1 to S9. That is, the segment is determined not only by the dividing valve but also by the elevation of the node that divides the drainage area.

In addition, each segment drainage time is a time taken to drain the raw water in the segment, and is affected by other segments passing through the drainage node, the dilution valve elevation, and the like, and is calculated based on this.

If the dilution valve position is selected as shown in FIG. 10 and the drain equalization index I _U is satisfied, even if a pipeline accident occurs in any segment, it is possible to drain and isolate it within the allowable maximum drainage time T _max . The selected dividing valve position is determined, and the flow proceeds to the next step of the valve flow position output step S60.

The valve flow position output step (S60) outputs the drainage node and the dilution valve position selected above, so that the optimum drain valve position and the dilution valve position satisfying the drainage range indicator I _L and the drainage equalization index I _U. To the designer.

11 is a flowchart illustrating a modified embodiment of the present invention, and shows that the drainage node selection step S30 may be modified.

According to FIG. 11, the drainage node selection step (S30) selects an essential drainage node from a relative altitude matrix (S31 '), constructs a drainage direction matrix consisting of only the essential drainage nodes (S32'), and then constructs a drainage direction matrix. By analyzing and verifying that the drainage range index I _L is satisfied (S33 '), if the drainage range index I _L is not satisfied, the drainage node is added until the drainage range index I _L is satisfied ( S34 ').

Here, the essential drainage nodes are nodes each given a first sign (-1) by both side pipelines, and nodes assigned a first sign (-1) as an end of a water supply network, and extracted from the relative elevation matrix of Table 5. Can be selected.

Referring to FIG. 5 in which the first code is denoted by '-', nodes J2 and J3 given only the first code '-' are selected as essential drainage nodes, and the upstream end node J1 and the downstream end node are selected. In J4, the downstream end node J4, which is given the first sign '-', is included in the required drainage node. The pipeline connected to this essential drainage node cannot be drained to another node, so it is selected as a necessary drainage node. Of course, since the downstream end node J4 is usually connected to the reservoir, it is actually an essential drainage node that does not require the installation of a drain valve.

Then, by searching the relative altitude matrix for the drainage section that can drain to the required drainage node, a drainage direction matrix representing the drainage area for each required drainage node is obtained as shown in Table 7 below.

According to Table 7, the conduit P11 is the sum (node number) of the number of elements by pipeline '0', P12, P13 are you so not included in the drainage area of the required drainage nodes, calculate a multiple range of indicators (I _L) '1 It becomes below (S33 ').

This omission of the pipe is because the pipe P12 is a horizontal pipe as shown in FIG. 5.

Therefore, the designer can check all the pipelines P11, P12, P13 missing from the drainage area, and input all the drainage nodes as drainage nodes (S34 ') to include all the pipelines in the drainage area. Of course, when the drainage matrices are modified by adding the drainage nodes, when the drainage nodes are continuously added, the subsequent drainage nodes should be added using the drainage matrix reflecting the previously added drainage nodes.

On the other hand, for a section consisting of one horizontal pipeline or a section in which two or more horizontal pipelines are connected, if a node at both ends is given a first sign by a connecting pipeline, a rule for selecting a required drainage node is added. The horizontal pipeline nodes can also be selected as essential drainage nodes.

Of course, it is advisable to select drainage nodes in the middle of the pipeline.

The drainage node addition here is for satisfying the drainage range index I _L , and the purpose of adding the drainage node is different from that for adding the drainage time index I _T in the drainage node correction step S40.

According to the method for designing the layout of the valves for the water supply pipe network described above, the drainage range is selected by evaluating the drainage range index so that the accident section can be drained even if a pipeline accident occurs in any part of the water supply network. Evaluate the time as a drainage time indicator, add drainage nodes that divide the drainage area in order to reduce drainage time, and drainage so that the drainage time for each segment that can be actually isolated by the distillation valve can be drained within the maximum allowable drainage time. Evaluate with equalization index and select dilution valve position.

Accordingly, if it is not omitted, it is possible to select the optimal drainage node that is not excessive, and to select the optimal distillation valve position to equalize the drainage time for the entire water supply network.

Hereinafter, the drainage time calculation method is demonstrated.

<Calculation method of estimated drainage time>

First, an estimated drainage time calculation method to be applied to the drainage node correcting step (S40) will be described.

12 is a schematic diagram showing the amount of drainage in a pipeline showing the difference of the surface area according to the inclination i.

According to Bernoulli's theorem, the flow rate Q at which raw water filled in the conduit 1 flows out into the weight flow through the orifice 2 is derived as follows.

Where a is the cross-section of the orifice 2 to be formed at the drainage node to be interrupted by the drain valve, C is the outflow flow coefficient of the orifice 2, g is gravity acceleration, and h is the depth of water.

And when the surface area of the water surface 3 is A, the flow volume Q reduced over time of drainage time can be expressed by following Formula.

Here, since the surface area A of the water surface 3 is the cross-sectional area in the pipeline of the horizontally cut surface, it can be obtained as follows according to the slope i of the pipeline 1 and the internal diameter D of the pipeline 1.

으로 표시된다.The cross-sectional area a of the orifice 2 is determined by the orifice diameter d

Is displayed.

Using the condition that the flow rate in Equation 7 and the flow rate in Equation 8 are the same, and summed up in terms of time, Equation 10 below can be obtained.

In order to lower the depth from h ₁ to h ₂ , the time Δt required for draining through the orifice can be derived by integrating Equation 10 as follows.

Further, the depth h ₂ after Δt can be expressed as follows by modifying Equation (11).

However, the flow rate drained through the orifice decreases with decreasing depth (or level decrease), and the time required to drain by the same level difference becomes longer as the flow rate decreases. Becomes large.

Thus, the behavior of the raw water was calculated at each time point divided by minute finite time intervals, but time integration was used to apply the raw water behavior from the previous time to the raw water behavior at the next time. Time integration is divided into implicit time intergration and explicit time integration. In an embodiment of the present invention, an understanding time integration is used.

13 is a flowchart of an estimated drainage time calculation method for calculating drainage time using an understanding time integration.

First, the diameter D and the pipe inclination i of the pipe line to obtain the surface area A, the orifice cross-sectional area a and the orifice outflow flow coefficient C, which are characteristic information of the orifice, and Δt previously determined are called (S100).

Here, the pipe diameter D and the pipe slope i may be loaded from data received in the pipe network data input step S10 as shown in Table 1 and data obtained in the pipe network analysis step S20 as shown in Table 4. The orifice cross-sectional area a and the orifice outflow coefficient C are data related to the installation of the drain valve, and Δt is a time interval for understanding the time integration, so for example, the pipe network data input step S10 may be input in advance.

Next, the initial depth h and the after- _drain depth h _drain of the pipeline to calculate the drain time are received (S110).

That is, the elevation of both ends of the section for which the drainage time is to be calculated is obtained based on the node elevation of Table 2. For example, in the drainage node correction step (S40), since the drainage time for each of the pipelines divided by the nodes is calculated by the estimated drainage time calculation method and then summed for each drainage section, the drainage time is calculated. The elevation difference between the elevation and the orifice elevation is entered as the initial depth h, and the elevation difference between the low node elevation and the orifice elevation is entered as the drain after the _drain . As another example, for the drainage time of the pipeline where the drain valve is to be installed, the elevation difference between the high node elevation and the orifice elevation can be set to the initial depth h, and after draining, the depth h _drain can be '0'. If you plan to forcibly drain with a drain pump after lowering it to within 5% to 10% of the depth, you should set it up in advance to enter a depth that is within 5% to 10% of the initial depth as the drain after _drain .

After receiving the data in this way, the drainage time t is initialized to '0' (S120).

In addition, the process of increasing the drainage time t by Δt (S130) and updating the depth h (S140) is repeated until the depth h becomes less than or equal to the depth h _drain after the drainage (S150).

를 산정하여 이전 수심에서 차감하여 얻는다.Here, the depth h is calculated according to Equation 12.

It is calculated by subtracting from the previous depth.

The drainage time t when the updated depth h is less than or equal to the depth h _drain after the drainage is output as the drainage time of the pipeline (S160).

The estimated drainage time calculation method is implemented in the drainage time calculation unit 40, and calculates and provides a drainage time of the conduit according to the request of the drain valve position selector 20.

<Precision drainage time calculation method>

A method for calculating a precise drainage time to be applied to the dividing valve position selection step S50 will be described.

14 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a precise drainage time.

Raw water behavior in the pipeline is affected by friction losses in the pipeline, thus delaying drainage time due to gravity flow. Thus, considering the friction loss head h _L due to friction in Equation 7 is modified as follows.

The friction loss head h _L can be calculated using the mean velocity formula of Manning or the mean velocity formula of Hazen-Wiliams.In general, when applying to water pipes in Korea, the mean velocity formula of Hazen-Wiliams is used. Since Hazen-Wiliams friction loss coefficient C _HW obtained through experiments and the like has been obtained, the following equations using the mean velocity equation of Hazen-Wiliams were applied in the embodiment of the present invention.

Where D is the inner diameter of the conduit. L is the length of the appendiceal section in which the raw water is filled in the pipeline and decreases as it drains.

Substituting Equation 14 into Equation 13 yields the following equation.

A nonlinear equation for obtaining the flow rate Q in Equation 15 was derived as follows.

And the following formula for calculating the approximate solution of the flow rate Q was expressed according to the Newton-Raphson method.

According to Equation 17, the flow rate obtained by substituting the initial hypothesis of the flow rate Q on the right side can be obtained by reducing the error from the initial hypothesis value, and the actual solution is obtained by repeating the process of obtaining the flow rate by substituting the previously obtained solution on the right side. Can be accessed.

Here, the derivative is derived from Equation 16 as follows.

In summary, after assuming an initial solution of the flow rate Q to be obtained, the process of calculating the next solution appearing on the left side by substituting the previous solution into the right side of Equation 17 above is repeated, even if the error of the initial solution is large. As the number increases, the solution of Equation 16, which reduces the error, can be obtained.

On the other hand, referring to equation (14) expresses the friction loss head h _L, friction loss head h _L is the flow rate Q, the appendix section length L, is shown a friction loss coefficient C _HW and diameter D in accordance with the characteristics of the channel as a function of a variable, .

In addition, Equation 14 may be modified according to an experimental result of another pipeline, or may be changed according to an average velocity equation used because Equation 14 is obtained by modeling an experiment to obtain a constant value.

Therefore, Equation 14, which represents the friction loss head h _L, is a function of the flow rate Q, the appendage section length L of only the portion filled with raw water, and the friction loss coefficient C _HW and the pipe diameter D according to the characteristics of the conduit. can do.

Equation 16 can be generalized as follows.

를 이용하여 In addition, Equation 18 is the derivative of Equation 19 with respect to the flow rate Q

Using

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating a precise drainage time using the equations 17, 19, 20, and 21 in the dividing valve position selection step S50.

According to FIG. 14, first, a diameter D, a pipe slope i, an orifice cross-sectional area a and an orifice flow rate coefficient C, a predetermined time interval Δt, and a friction loss coefficient C _HW of the pipe line are called (S200).

The friction loss coefficient C _HW may be input by including the values obtained through experiments in the pipe network data input step (S10) by including them in the characteristic information of the pipe line, and importing the values.

Next, the initial depth h of the segment for calculating the drainage time, the depth after _drain h _drain and the appended section length L are input (S210).

Since the segment is partitioned according to the installation position of the distillation valve, the initial depth h of the segment, the depth after _drain h and the filling section length L can be determined according to the installation position of the distillation valve and the position of the drainage node. Also, as previously mentioned may be left to set in advance and then drained into, the 5% to 10% range of the initial depth of the water when to drain the segment with a drain valve so as to enter the depth of the water h _drain, in this case, the appendix section length L is a multiple Afterwards it should be corrected according to the depth of the _drain .

Next, the drainage time t is initialized to '0' (S220).

Then, the process of updating the depth h and the appended section length L is repeated based on the drainage drained to the flow rate Q during the time interval Δt, and the time is integrated, until the depth becomes less than the _drain h _drain after draining.

Specifically, obtaining a flow rate Q according to the water depth h and the appendage section length L (S230), increasing the drainage time t by a predetermined Δt to integrate (S231), and draining the flow rate Q during Δt Determining the drainage amount ΔV at the time of dehydration (S232) and updating the depth h and the appendiceal section length L to the depth h and the appended section length L reduced according to the drainage ΔV (S233) h is repeated until less than a depth h _drain after draining.

The flow rate Q is a Newton-Rapson method that repeats the process of calculating the depth h and the appendage section length L updated at Δt intervals in Equations 20 and 21, and calculating the result in Equation 17. Obtained according to Raphson's mothod.

The initial assumption of the flow rate Q for using the Newton-Raphson's method may be, for example, a value that does not reflect the friction loss head h _L in Equation 13, and the more repeats, the better the accuracy. When the amount of change in the flow rate Q obtained by iterative calculation is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value, it may be determined that the convergence is interrupted.

According to the obtained flow rate Q, the drainage amount drained during Δt can be calculated as ΔV = Q x Δt. In addition, since the amount of reduction of the appendage section length L and the depth h according to the drainage amount ΔV during the interval Δt can be calculated according to the diameter D and the slope i, it may be subtracted by the amount of reduction from the previous appendix section length L and the depth h. Here, the appendage section length L is the length of the pipe from the depth h _drain to the depth h after draining.

Thus, △ t to calculate the displacement △ V by a flow rate Q obtained at the interval depth h and the drainage time obtained by appendix section length and update the L integrating the △ t is when the depth of the water h is less than the depth h _drain after draining It is output as a value (S240).

The precision drainage time calculation method described above is implemented in the drainage time calculation unit 40 and used to calculate the drainage time of the segment in the distillation valve positioning step S50 performed by the distillation valve positioning unit 30. do.

Meanwhile, referring to the elevation graph shown in FIG. 10, since there may be a segment in which a pipe having a different drainage characteristic is connected in series or a segment connected in parallel according to the installation position of the dividing valve, the drainage characteristic according to the series connection and the parallel connection of the pipeline may be described. Friction loss head h _L (Equation 19) is preferably reflected.

In addition, there may exist a segment that can drain through contiguous segments and reflect the drainage characteristics by considering the concatenated segments as a series connected segment. There may also be a segment to consider the drainage characteristics, and the drainage time of these segments can be obtained by the equation reflecting the drainage characteristics of the series and parallel connection.

<Drainage of the series connector>

FIG. 15 illustrates a segment in which slopes i-1 and i-2 or two pipelines 1-1 and 1-2 having different diameters are connected in series.

As the segment shown in FIG. 15 is drained, the depth of water gradually decreases and the appendiceal section gradually shortens. The appendiceal section is formed over two pipelines (1-1, 1-2) or the water level is lowered. Since the surface area of the water surface (2-1, 2-1) is different depending on whether it is formed only in (1-2), the drainage, depth, and appendiceal length equations may be different depending on the conduit line. . This equation can be obtained by a known equation.

However, when the appendiceal section is formed over two pipelines (1-1, 1-2), friction loss by the two pipelines (1-1, 1-2) occurs at the same time, it should be reflected in the equation (19) do.

The friction loss heads of the multiple pipes connected in series generate friction loss at the same time, so that Equation 19 can be modified as follows.

Where i is the sequence number of conduits in series in the appendix, n is the number of conduits in series in the appendix, and L _i , D _i , C _{HW, i} are the appendices length, diameter, Friction loss coefficient.

When the friction loss head represented by Equation 14 is applied, Equation 22 is expressed as follows.

Substituting Equation 23 into Equation 20 and Equation 21 is summarized as follows.

<Multiple of parallel connectors>

FIG. 16 is a view illustrating a segment having a drainage node in which an orifice 2 is installed, and two pipelines 1-1 and 1-2 are connected in parallel, and two pipelines 1-1 and 1-2 are connected in parallel. The raw water of is drained through one orifice (2).

As shown, the initial depths h ₁ and h ₂ of the two pipelines 1-1 and 1-2 may vary according to the position of the dividing valve. In this case, the deep pipe (1-2) is drained first, and if the depths of both pipes (1-1, 1-2) are the same, both pipes (1-1, 1-2) are drained at the same time. The friction loss head to be expressed by the following equation.

Here, when both side pipes (1-1, 1-2) are drained at the same time, since the depths of both side pipes (1-1, 1-2) must be the same, the friction loss head is also the same. However, due to the difference in drainage characteristics, the flow rates of the both side pipes 1-1 and 1-2 may be different as indicated by Q ₁ and Q ₂ .

In addition, as illustrated in Equation 14, the equation for calculating the friction loss head can be expressed as a unary expression, so that the following relation can be obtained.

Here, it is a proportional coefficient between the flow rates of R _2/1 both pipelines, and is determined by the appended section length, pipe diameter and friction loss coefficient of both pipelines.

Applying the equation of friction loss head exemplified in Equation 14, R _2/1 is expressed as follows.

Further, since the total drain flow rate is the sum of the flow rates of both pipelines, the following equation can be obtained.

To expand and include the case where three or more pipelines are connected in parallel, the total flow rate when draining m parallel pipelines simultaneously is as follows.

Here, R _1/1 = 1.

Therefore, the friction loss head to be applied when simultaneously draining m parallel pipes is expressed as follows.

That is, since the friction loss head is expressed as the friction loss head of any one of m pipelines, the flow rate of the pipeline can be expressed by the relation with the total flow rate.

If this is applied to equations (20) and (21), the following expressions are displayed.

Applying the friction loss head calculation equation illustrated in Equation 14, Equation 32 is expressed as follows.

<Multiple of serial / parallel connectors>

The case where m parallel pipes to be drained by the drainage node is composed of n ₁ , n ₂ , ..., n _j , ..., n _m series pipes, which are drained simultaneously.

In this case, the friction loss head can be expressed by the following equations (22) and (31). In other words, but representing the friction head loss may appear on any one of the channel (for convenience j = ₁ n 1 in series pipeline in order) in the parallel duct to the equation (22), the flow rate that reflects the impact of the different parallel pipeline according to the expression 31 Substitute the friction loss head and f (Q) and f ^' (Q) for Equation 17 as follows.

로 정리하여 얻게 되는 식 또는 값이다.In addition, the proportional coefficient R _{j / 1} represents the relation expressed by Equation 35 below.

The expression or value obtained by summarizing.

The subscript 'j, i' in the appended section distance L, diameter D and friction loss coefficient C _HW means the sequence i in the series in parallel sequence j.

By applying the friction loss head calculation equation illustrated in Equation 14, the following equation can be obtained.

의 해로서 획득하여 업데이트하며, 본 발명의 실시 예에서는 수학식

에 의해 유량 Q를 반복 업데이트하는 Newton-Raphson 방법에 따라 획득한다.In summary, the dividing valve position selection step (S50) is obtained by updating and obtaining a flow rate Q at which the water depth h decreases and changes at a predetermined time interval Δt according to the drainage.

Obtained and updated as a solution, and in the embodiment of the present invention,

Acquired according to the Newton-Raphson method of repeatedly updating the flow rate Q by

By the way, the drainage node which forms an orifice and installs a drainage valve is a common drainage of an upstream line and a downstream line, and in this case, a drainage node becomes a connection point of a parallel line. In addition, although not shown in the embodiment drawings, the water pipe network may be branched in the middle, there may also be a drainage node to drain three or more pipelines.

In addition, there may be a case in which multiple segments can be drained through the same drainage node, so that when one segment is drained, it may be drained through another segment, and another segment must be drained partially. There is also.

Referring to the segments S1 to S9 illustrated in FIG. 10 as an example, the segment S1 should have the initial position of the dividing valve C1 and the distillation valve C2 after draining, and the depth at this time is based on the drainage node J2. It can be expressed in one depth. Since this segment S1 drains via the upstream pipeline of segment S2, the frictional losses of the upstream pipeline should be reflected, and the elevation of node C2 is lower than that of node C3 in the downstream pipeline of segment S2, so that node C2 When draining up to a part of the downstream pipeline of the segment S2.

를 사용한다. 즉, 초기 수심이 상이한 병렬 관로는 배수에 의해 수심이 낮아짐에 따라 배수될 수 있는 관로의 개수가 변동하므로, 마찰손실수두

는 △t 간격의 매 시점마다 배수되는 관로만 선별하여 상기 수학식 34으로 얻는다.Therefore, when calculating the segment drainage time, it is assumed that the pipes are drained in the order of depth, and that the pipes having the same depth and the same depth are drained at the same time as the parallel pipes to calculate the draining time. In addition, the flow rate Q to be obtained at the interval Δt for calculating the drainage time is the friction loss head reflecting only the pipeline that can be drained at each time point of the interval Δt.

Use That is, since the number of pipes that can be drained varies as the water depth is lowered by the drainage, the parallel pipes having different initial depths have a frictional loss head.

Equation 34 selects only the conduits drained at each time point in the interval Δt.

의 산정식은 배수되는 관로에 따라 중간에 바뀔 수 있다.Therefore, the flow rate Q is calculated at intervals of Δt, the depth h and the filling section distance L varying according to the calculated flow rate Q, and used to calculate the flow rate Q after the next Δt. Friction loss head to be applied to calculate the flow rate Q

The equation for can be changed in the middle depending on the pipeline being drained.

The above-described method for designing a water supply pipe network valve arrangement for a pipeline accident response can be implemented by a computer-readable program on a computer-readable recording medium. The computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording devices capable of storing data that can be read by the computer, and include, for example, ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, optical data magnetic device, and the like. It can also include a storage system that can be read from a connected computer.

Although illustrated and described in the specific embodiments to illustrate the technical spirit of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the same configuration and operation as the specific embodiment as described above, within the limits that various modifications do not depart from the scope of the invention It can be carried out in. Therefore, such modifications should also be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims below.

C1 ~ C6: Separation valve position D1 ~ D5: Drainage area
J1 ~ J18: Node P1 ~ P17: Pipe
S1 ~ S9: Segment
10: pipe network analysis unit 20: drain valve position selection unit
30: dividing valve position selection unit 40: drainage time calculation
50: input unit 60: output unit

Claims (23)

A network network data input step (S10) of receiving network network data including characteristics of pipes, lengths of pipes, and elevations of nodes among the data of a water supply pipe network model modeled as a pipeline between nodes determined at intervals in the water supply network;
For each pipeline, pipe network analysis step (S20) of obtaining the drainage direction by gravity flow from the elevation difference of both nodes;
A drainage node selection step (S30) of selecting a plurality of drainage nodes capable of sharing and draining the water supply pipe network, and a drainage area that is a set of pipelines capable of draining for each drainage node according to the drainage direction of each pipeline;
Select a dilution valve position to segment the drainage area, calculate and verify the drainage time by segment to limit the drainage time of each segment to less than the preset maximum drainage time, and select a dilution valve position to select a dilution valve position (S50). ); And
Valve type position output step (S60) for outputting the selected drainage node and the dilution valve position;
Containing
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
The pipe network analysis step (S20)
Set the pipeline whose elevation difference between the two nodes is less than 1/2 of the diameter as a horizontal pipeline capable of bidirectional gravity flow,
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
The drainage direction of the horizontal pipeline is determined depending on the drainage direction of the pipeline connected to the horizontal pipeline.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
The pipe network analysis step (S20)
The first code is given to the nodes of the lower elevation among the nodes of each pipeline, and the second code is assigned to the nodes of the relatively high elevation, so that the two sides of the nodes are given the codes respectively. To get the first and second signs,
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
Obtaining the drainage zone by searching the pipeline along the direction of the pipeline to which the first sign is assigned at the node and including the pipeline up to the node whose sign changes alternately in the drainage zone of the node
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 3, wherein
The pipe network analysis step (S20)
Identify the pipelines capable of bi-directional gravity flow as the horizontal pipeline by identifying the pipeline network data, and give the third code to both nodes,
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
When searching for the pipeline to be included in the drainage zone, when encountering the horizontal pipeline, change the third code of the horizontal pipeline to the first or second code so that the sign alternates so that the horizontal pipeline is included in the drainage zone.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 4, wherein
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
When obtaining a drainage area capable of draining to a horizontal pipeline node, if a pipeline other than the horizontal pipeline is connected, the third code is changed to the same code as that given by the pipeline and the horizontal pipeline is connected. In this case, after changing the third code to the first code, a way to search for the pipe to be included in the drainage zone
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 3, wherein
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
Select the nodes assigned with the first sign by the two pipelines and the nodes assigned with the first sign as the ends of the water supply network, and confirm the drainage area by the drainage node. Allows input by adding drain nodes of missing areas
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 6,
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
For the section consisting of one horizontal pipeline or the section where two or more horizontal pipelines are connected, if the nodes at both ends are given the first sign by the connecting pipeline, the nodes in the corresponding section are added as required drainage nodes.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
After obtaining drainage zones consisting of a set of conduits for each node, exclude subsets of other sets, and select drainage zones for the same set, but allow horizontal pipelines with bidirectional gravity flow to belong to multiple drainage zones. To select the drainage zone and select the node corresponding to the selected drainage zone as the minimum number of drainage nodes.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 8,
After selecting the minimum number of drain nodes, you can add drain nodes by input.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
It is possible to repeat the process of inputting the drainage node, defining the drainage area, and then outputting the area not included in the drainage area until all pipelines are included in the drainage area.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
As a subsequent step of the drainage node selection step (S30),
Comprising the drainage time of the drainage zone for each drainage node, after selecting the drainage zone according to the size of the calculated drainage time, the drainage node modification step of dividing the drainage zone by adding the drainage node in the selected drainage zone (S40)
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 11,
The drainage node correction step (S40)
To calculate the drainage time of drainage area by drainage node
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 12,
The drainage node correction step (S40)
The drainage time t initialized to '0' is accumulated by △ t.

Repeat the process of subtracting the water until it reaches the depth after draining, and the drainage time t obtained by final integration is the drainage time of the pipeline.
Where g is the gravitational acceleration, h is the depth before integration by Δt, a is the cross-section of the orifice to be drained, C is the outflow flow coefficient of the orifice, and A is the surface surface area in the pipeline.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
The dividing valve position selection step (S50) is
The process of dividing the segment by receiving the position of the dividing valve and calculating the drainage time for each segment is repeated until the segment of the whole water supply network meets the requirement of the maximum drainage time or less.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
The dividing valve position selection step (S50) is
In order to calculate the drainage time for each segment, the drainage time t is initialized to '0', and the flow rate Q according to the water depth h and the filling interval distance L based on the orifice of the drainage node is obtained, and the drainage time t is preset. A series of processes consisting of integrating by the time interval Δt and updating the depth h and the filling section distance L according to the drainage when draining to the flow rate Q during Δt is less than or equal to the depth h _drain after draining the segment. Repeat until the final multiplication is performed.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 15,
Flow rate Q in the dividing valve position selection step (S50)
equation

Where g is the gravitational acceleration, a is the cross-section of the orifice, C is the outflow coefficient of the orifice,

Is the friction loss head modeled using the flow rate Q, the filling distance distance L, the diameter D, and the friction loss coefficient C _HW as variables.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 16,
Flow rate Q in the dividing valve position selection step (S50)
Equation

Is obtained according to the Newton-Raphson method of repeatedly updating the flow rate Q, where

silver

Is the derivative of the flow rate Q
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 16,
The dividing valve position selection step (S50) is
For segments that drain parallel pipelines connected to the same drainage node, the pipelines should be drained in the order of depth depth, and the pipelines with the same depth or the same drainage should be drained at the same time. Friction loss head reflecting only pipe that can be drained

To obtain the flow rate Q by applying
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 18,
In the dividing valve position selection step (S50)
The friction loss head to be applied to the simultaneous drainage of parallel pipelines

silver

ego,
R _{j / 1}

Obtained according to

Is calculated by
Where m is the number of parallel conduits, j is the order of parallel conduits, n _j is the number of serial conduits constituting the j-th parallel conduit, i is the order of the serial conduits constituting the parallel conduits,

Is the flow rate Q of the j-th parallel pipeline divided by subscript j, and the filling interval distance L _{j, i} , the diameter D _{j, i} , and the friction loss coefficient of the i-th parallel pipeline of the j-th parallel pipeline divided by subscripts i and j Friction loss head _{equation using} C _{HW, j, i}
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 19,
In the dividing valve position selection step (S50)

silver

R _{j / 1} is

By
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. The method of claim 1,
The drainage node selection step (S30) is
Drainage range indicator expressed as the sum of pipeline extension L _i belonging to the drainage zone selected from the pipelines divided by _total length L _total and subscript i of the water supply network.

To determine whether there is a missing pipeline in the drainage area,
The dividing valve position selection step (S50) is
Drain equalization index expressed by _total length L _total , maximum allowable drainage time T _max , drainage time T _j by segment subdivided by subscript _j , and pipeline extension L _j by segment

To determine whether the maximum water drainage time for the entire water supply network is met.
Water Supply Pipeline Valve Layout Design Method. 22. A computer-readable recording medium having stored thereon a program for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 21. A computer program stored on a computer-readable recording medium for carrying out the method of any one of claims 1 to 21.

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