KR102005080B1 - Automatic control system capable of detecting and recovering faulty power - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic control system capable of detecting and recovering a faulty power source, which comprises: a power source side detection/recovery unit; a load side detection/recovery unit; a fault detector; a controller or CCMS; an alarm generator; an alarm release input unit; and a circuit breaker.

Description

Automatic control system capable of detecting and recovering faulty power

The present invention is a real-time for each circuit configured with a detection / recovery device in the event of an electrical failure such as disconnection, resistance increase, phase loss, short circuit, half break, poor connection, abnormal voltage inflow in the power supply line of the automatic control system using three-phase or single-phase power Automatic control system for detecting and recovering faulty power to detect and prevent building control accidents caused by building control control paralysis by detecting and generating electric signals caused by the fault according to the fault location to recover in real time. It is about.

General integrated control system, SI, FMS, remote monitoring system, building automation facility, tunnel monitoring facility, power monitoring facility and building automatic control system of company, factory, office, store branch, distributor, distributor, etc. And a measuring instrument and a direct digital control (DDC) control panel unit or a programmable logic controller (PLC) control panel connected to them to perform necessary data processing. The DDC control panel unit senses or measures various state information of the site and transmits information or data corresponding to a request signal of the central control system (CCMS) to the control PC (PC).

The central control system (CCMS) to the PC (PC) is a configuration operated by an integrated management entity such as a central control room and a control room, and is equipped with HMI (Human Machine Interface) software to collect and monitor various status information of the site. It outputs the result and performs the function to control, manage and establish policy according to the result. Such Central Control System (CCMS) to Control PC (PC) is also referred to as an Operator Interface Station (OIS).

In general, the automatic control system is a redundant switchgear, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and an emergency power supply (generator) in preparation for the interruption of the supply of control power that occurs unexpectedly due to damage to electrical equipment or natural disasters (lightning, wind and flood). Etc.), and in case of a power interruption accident, we are preparing for a building control accident due to the control power interruption, but the automatic control system in the distribution system, the dual distribution switchboard, the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and the emergency power supply (generator, etc.) If the control power supply line is inevitably damaged, or a connection failure, carbonization, deterioration, resistance increase, or disconnection occurs in the power supply line of the automatic control system, the automatic control system may fail, malfunction, or become paralyzed. There is a problem in that the control system cannot accurately predict and prevent the occurrence of out of control accidents.

Here, the disconnection that causes the interruption of the control power supply is a state in which the electric wire (conductor) is cut off and the power is cut off.The connection failure and the half disconnection are repeated or disconnected due to the disconnection of the electric wire connection point (circuit of the circuit, etc.) or the electric wire internal conductor. When the fault accumulates over a certain time, the covering of the wire is carbonized and the +,-electrodes, which are conductors of the wire, collide with each other, causing a fire.

In addition, if the resistance of the conductor is increased due to carbonization (deterioration) or the like, an electric shock or fire may occur, or an overheat may occur, resulting in an overcurrent, an overvoltage, an unbalanced electric power due to a short circuit, a short circuit, an open phase, or a disconnection. However, since there is no technology for detecting abnormalities in the converter, such as carbonization (deterioration), it is a fact that the latest inspection method relies on the naked eye of an electrician. I would like to.

As described above, the causes of the electric fire are various, and the causes of the fires are all different in the physical phenomena involved, and thus, the methods used to detect them are also different and the types of the protection relays are various.

For example, in the case of detecting a connection failure, a conventional device for detecting a connection failure and an electrical abnormal state detects a connection failure by sensing a temperature, a voltage and current change, a harmonic change (VTHD, ITHD), and the like. In the related art, various electrical quality factors must be measured, or a temperature sensing device must be separately installed, and the electrical phenomena appearing in connection failure can not be accurately analyzed and discriminated.

In other words, the conventional technique of detecting through harmonic changes causes the VTHD and ITHD to increase significantly when the customer uses a welder and an arc load, and the value fluctuates even in the normal state according to the light load, the heavy load, and the peak load. I am not sure if it is due to bad connection.

In addition, the conventional technique of detecting a connection failure from one factor of voltage value or current value also has a limit in determining connection failure when the voltage and current source are separated (customer supplied by PT and CT). have.

A poor connection is caused by a flow failure caused by resistance at the connection point (circuit of the circuit, etc.). If this failure accumulates for a certain period of time, the temperature rises and the coating (insulation) of the wire is carbonized and softened. That is, when the + and-electrodes, which are the conductors of the wire, collide, the electricity meter is burned out, and furthermore, the electric fire.

Specifically, as the resistance of the contact surface increases due to the poor connection of the wires, the heat of the conductor (wire) connection surface rises, and the elevated temperature heat damages the insulation between the conductors (wires), resulting in a short circuit between the conductors. Moreover, an arc generate | occur | produces by the contact between conductors, the apparatus burns out by this arc heat, and the phenomenon which spread | disperses to an electric fire also arises.

Until now, the development and dissemination of equipment that can prevent electric accidents and fires due to short circuit, overcurrent, and short circuit occurring on the load side of switchgear (breaker) have been common. However, carbonization, deterioration, resistance increase, overheating of conductor Switchgear that can detect or cut off in case of neutral disconnection, power line disconnection, unbalanced abnormal voltage inflow, half-break, connection failure, or incorrect wiring, short circuit, ground fault, short circuit This is not the case even in the case of an automatic control system powered by a conventional switchgear (breaker).

In other words, technologies for detecting short-circuit (short circuit), short-circuit (ground fault), overload, etc. on the load side have been developed, but carbonization, deterioration, resistance increase, overheating, neutral disconnection, power line phase loss, In case of unbalanced abnormal voltage inflow, short-circuit, connection failure, or incorrect wiring, short circuit, ground fault, short circuit (short circuit) occurs on the power supply, there is no technology that can accurately detect the electric failure and block or take measures against it. In the case of KEPCO, it takes a lot of people and budget with infrared (thermal imaging) cameras to find out the faulty distribution line, and it checks the distribution line one by one.

Therefore, carbonization, deterioration, resistance increase, overheating, neutral break, power line open-up, unbalanced abnormal voltage inflow, half-break, connection failure occurs on the power supply side and load side, or incorrect wiring, short circuit, ground fault, short circuit (short circuit) There is an urgent need for technology that can accurately judge electrical failures and prevent electrical damage, electrical fires, electric shocks and human accidents due to electrical failures.

In order to solve such problems caused by poor connection and disconnection, disconnection, unbalanced overvoltage, and overcurrent, a conventionally proposed technique is disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2009-0004718 (published Jan. 12, 2009) ( Name of the invention: Apparatus and method for detecting contact failure) (hereinafter referred to as 'prior art 1'), Korean Patent Office Registration No. 10-1109024 (registered on January 1, 2012) (name of invention: Detecting contact failure of electricity meter Apparatus and detection method) (hereinafter referred to as 'Prior Technology 2'), Korea Patent Office Registered Patent No. 10-1803431 (registered on November 24, 2017) (Invention name: Real-time recovery transformer system in case of failure of single-phase power line and its Construction method) (hereinafter referred to as 'prior art 3'), Korean Patent Office Publication No. 10-2015-0128124 (published Nov. 18, 2015) (name of the invention: overcurrent relay) (hereinafter referred to as 'prior art 4') Is disclosed.

The disclosed 'prior art 1',

By detecting the change of current effective value, power factor, instantaneous current, harmonics, etc., the contact failure is detected and the power is cut off to protect the user from the risk of fire and the five factors that can detect the contact failure When two or more of the factors are satisfied, the contact failure is judged more accurately, so that the contact failure can be detected more accurately, and furthermore, the remotely located user can easily recognize this by notifying the user terminal about the blocking situation caused by the contact failure. Configure it to be.

'Prior art 2' disclosed,

A voltage and current detector for detecting a voltage and a current supplied to a customer, a power factor calculator for calculating a power factor value in units of preset total measurement time and measurement time based on the detected voltage and current values, and the preset total measurement time and If the power factor value calculated in units of measurement time is continuously reduced within a range of values smaller than a predetermined reference value, a contact failure determination unit judging as a contact failure and a contact failure signal determined as contact failure at the contact failure determination unit Characterized in that it comprises an interface unit for transmitting to a remote server, it is also configured to prevent contact failure of the electricity meter to prevent damage of electrical equipment (wattmeter) due to contact failure.

The disclosed 'prior art 3',

A power supply side transformer having a neutral point of the power supply side transformer and grounding the neutral point to the earth to thereby step down the potential difference with the earth than the existing potential difference; The neutral point is provided with two or more load side transformers for grounding the neutral point to the ground or connecting the neutral point of the power side transformer in real time to recover the power failure, and disconnecting and contacting the single phase power supply of a three-phase or single-phase distribution system. It is configured to prevent an electric accident due to power failure, electric shock, fire, and overheating due to breakdown of distribution system by immediately alarming, blocking, or recovering disconnection in real time when a fault, half-break, or short circuit occurs.

The disclosed 'prior art 4',

In order to solve the problem of relay malfunction due to normal load fluctuation, which is a limitation of the prior art of overcurrent relay, by determining whether it is normal load fluctuation when there is a load fluctuation, and operating by judging whether relay operation is performed according to the load state, Appropriate relay operation according to the load condition can be made, relay malfunction caused by the normally added load can be prevented, and stable and reliable line protection and system operation are configured to have an effect.

1. Publication No. 10-2009-0004718 (published Jan. 2009) 2. Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1109024 (Registered Jan. 2012) 3. Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1803431 (Registered on November 24, 2017) 4. Publication No. 10-2015-0128124 (published November 18, 2015)

However, the prior art as described above should be visually inspected for an increase in resistance, arcs, and the like occurring above the circuit of the distribution system, and if there is no special detection method, if overheating occurs due to an increase in resistance, arc, etc. Insulation breakdown proceeds, which causes disconnection, power failure, electric shock, leakage, short circuit and overheating, fire, and automatic control system malfunctions, paralyzes, and inevitably causes human and property damage due to electrical and control There was a problem.

In addition, if there is an abnormality such as an increase in resistance, overheating or poor connection in the power supply line of a control panel (DDC, PLC, etc.) separately configured in a specific place where each automatic control circuit is configured or each floor, the automatic control circuit, a local control panel, etc. Since the location is not specified in advance, resistance increase, overheating, and poor connection progress, resulting in disconnection, phase loss, unbalance, abnormal voltage inflow, short circuit, ground fault, short circuit, short circuit, and so on. There was a problem that the automatic control system including burned out, malfunctioned, or paralyzed, causing injury to people and property, and stopping automatic building management due to paralysis of the control system.

In addition, in the prior art 3, in order to reduce the potential difference of the single-phase power supply, it is safe to supply power through electromagnetic induction by using a transformer on the power supply side. However, when the capacity of the power supply transformer is equal to or greater than the load capacity, or when there are multiple loads In this case, the transformer capacity should be designed by calculating the total load capacity plus multiple loads.If the transformer on the power side breaks down, the power supply of the entire load is stopped, and the product manufacturing cost, facility construction cost, and facility area are excessive. In order to be applied to low voltage consumers in Korea, the induction transformer has to be installed on the power supply side.

Therefore, deterioration, resistance increase, disconnection, open phase, occurring in power line supplied from distribution board (MCC panel), uninterruptible power supply (UPS), emergency power equipment (generator, etc.), which are three-phase or single-phase distribution systems, or the automatic control system itself. An automatic control system for promptly alerting, interrupting, and restoring a normal power supply is required for each circuit in which faulty power such as unbalanced power, poor connection, incorrect wiring, short circuit, and short circuit occurs. In order to solve the problems that occur in the conventional automatic control system as described above, three-phase four-wire (R, S, T, N) or three-phase three-wire (R, S, T), single-phase two-wire (RN, SN, Deterioration, resistance increase, disconnection, phase loss, unbalanced power, etc. in the power line or automatic control system supplied from the distribution system (MCC panel), uninterruptible power supply (UPS), emergency power equipment (generator, etc.) Bad connection, incorrect wiring, short circuit, short circuit Immediate alarm, shutdown, and real-time recovery and notification of such power failures can be prevented from major accidents caused by system malfunction, device damage, or functional paralysis, and supply power regardless of load capacity. We propose an automatic control system with a detector / repairer.

"Failure power supply detection and recovery automatic control system" according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems,

Power supply side provided in parallel so as not to interfere with the power supply of the load on the power supply side of the power line connected to the load in the distribution system (main transformer, switchboard (MCC panel, etc.), UPS (uninterruptible power supply), emergency power supply (generator, etc.)) At least one load side detector / repair device provided in parallel on the load side of the power line, wherein at least two load circuits of the control panel, PC, DDC, PLC, and RTU connected to the power line are connected to the load side detection / recovery device. The control panel, PC, DDC, PLC, and RTU are connected in case of electric failure due to increased resistance, disconnection, phase loss, unbalanced power, poor connection, incorrect wiring, short circuit, short circuit in the power line of single phase or three phase power supply. The detection / recovery device may be configured to detect at least one of recovery circuits, interruptions, alarms, notifications, and control of the location of the fault circuits according to the installation location of the fault circuit. It is characterized by including,

The detection / recovery device in the above,

When the distribution system is three-phase, the first leg, the second leg, the third leg is provided with an iron core and a coil, the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding, wherein the first leg has the first winding in the forward direction, The second winding is wound in the reverse direction, the second winding is wound in the forward direction to the second leg, the third winding is wound in the forward direction, and the second winding is wound in the third leg to the first winding. One end of the second winding and the third winding is connected in parallel to a power line, and the other end of the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding is connected to a common line to form a neutral point. Coils of the second winding wound by dividing the neutral point into at least one of the earth, the neutral wire, the first neutral point, and the second neutral point, and divided into three of the first leg, the second leg, and the third leg. The voltage ratio is determined by the first winding and the third winding. Winding (winding wire) connected to the pressure ratio of 1/2, and

When the power distribution system is single phase, the first winding is wound around the first leg, the iron core is a first leg and the coil is a coil, one end of the first winding is connected in parallel to the power line, The other end is connected in parallel to the neutral wire, and constitutes a common neutral point between the one end and the other end of the first winding, and the neutral point is connected to the first neutral point or the second neutral point to form the three phase or single phase. It is characterized in that it comprises a coil which is the winding which outputs a voltage or current corresponding to an electric failure due to increased resistance, disconnection, phase loss, unbalanced power, poor connection, incorrect wiring, short circuit, short circuit in power supply power line and neutral line. .

In the above, the detection / recovery unit,

A first neutral point is formed at the power supply side detection / recovery device and a second neutral point is formed at the load side detection / recovery device to detect a potential difference between any two of the neutral line, the first neutral point, and the second neutral point of the distribution system; By connecting any two of the neutral line, the first neutral point, and the second neutral point to detect a current, or by detecting the current flowing between the power line or the neutral point connected between the power-side detection / repairer and the load-side detection / repairer In the event of a fault, the fault detector may detect, block, or notify the fault location or location.

In the load side detection / repair unit,

One or more DDC control panel units or PLC control panel units, respectively, or at the end of the unit, the power side detection / repair unit or the power distribution system to which the power supply line is connected based on the point and place where the load side detection / repair unit is provided. Characterized in that to detect or recover the line failure to the transformer provided in the.

In the load side detection / repair unit,

Switchboard (MCC panel, etc.), UPS (uninterruptible power supply), emergency power supply (generator, etc.), transformers, lightning, short circuit, ground fault, equipment burnout, fuse disconnection from the power supply side detection / repair unit Even if the incoming power is R-phase or S-phase or T-phase or neutral wire (N) is disconnected or missing, it is characterized by recovering the real-time electrical failure and supplying the normal power to the system.

The detection / recovery device in the above,

The detection / recovery device, which is electrically and electronically connected in parallel to a power line and a neutral line connecting between a single-phase or three-phase power source and a load, connects a first neutral point to a power supply side and a second neutral point to a load side with an inductor or an electronic device regardless of the load capacity. To generate a voltage or a current at the first neutral point and a second neutral point, or generate a voltage or a current at the neutral point and the neutral line so that the electric failure is immediately cut off or detected through a fault detector. It characterized in that it comprises an inductor or an electronic device.

In the above, the electronic device,

Resistance or capacitors or varistors or silicon or germanium or carbon or coils or integrated circuits or relays or solid state relays ) Or a trip coil.

Wherein the fault detector,

Detects the voltage of any one of the first neutral point, the second neutral point, the neutral wire, and the earth to detect an electrical signal generated during the electrical failure, and when detected as the occurrence of the electrical failure, alarm through an alarm generator or cut off through a breaker Or by controlling through a controller or CCMS, or real-time recovery through the power-side detector / repairer or load-side detector / repairer.

Wherein the fault detector,

At least one of an electronic relay (SSR), an image transformer, a voltage detector, a current detector, a relay, a trip coil, and an earth leakage breaker may be used to detect a faulty electric signal output from the neutral point or the power line.

In the above fault power detection and recovery automatic control system,

The power supply side detection / recovery device connected to the power distribution line of the distribution system, the distribution panel, the MCC board, the UPS, the generator, and the transformer, has a first neutral point, and connects the neutral point to the neutral wire connected to the distribution system, or the load side detection / recovery device. The power-side detection / recovery device connecting to a second neutral point of the group; A load side detection / recovery device having the second neutral point and connecting the neutral point to a first neutral point of the power side detection / recovery device or a neutral wire connected to the distribution system to block or detect or recover power failure; The load side detection / recovery device is provided in connection with the number of control panels, PCs, DDCs, PLCs, and RTUs, or at least one floor is provided for each floor or each control panel to distinguish between a fault location and a fault location when a fault occurs. A fault detector which detects the input / output current of the power line or the neutral point by dispersing the signal, or detects the voltage or the current of the neutral point and the neutral line to alert or block or transmit the detected fault detection value to the controller or the CCMS; A controller or CCMS for alarming, blocking, restoring, notifying, controlling the detected value provided by the fault detector by comparing with a set value; An alarm generator for generating an alarm according to the alarm signal provided from the fault detector or controller or CCMS; An alarm cancel input unit for releasing an alarm command of the alarm generator; It characterized in that it comprises a circuit breaker for interrupting the faulty power in accordance with the fault detector or the controller or a blocking signal of the CCMS.

According to the present invention, a fault circuit at the time of electric failure of a power line supplied from a switchboard (MCC panel, etc.) UPS (uninterruptible power supply), an emergency power supply (generator, etc.) of a single-phase two-wire or three-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire distribution system By immediately blocking, detecting the position, and restoring and alarming by normal power according to the position of the system, it is possible to prevent various accidents caused by electric failures and to repair it immediately without finding a failure place, thereby increasing resistance, arcing, Electric failure due to missing phase, disconnection, poor contact, short circuit, half break, etc. can prevent malfunction of automatic control system, equipment damage, equipment paralysis, electric fire, etc.

In addition, by automatically notifying (alarming) or controlling the electrical failure caused by leakage, disconnection, resistance increase, carbonization, deterioration, phase loss, contact failure, half-break, etc. in the automatic control panel supplied from the distribution system, Quick repairs can be made to prevent accidents from spreading.

In addition, the normal current flowing in a plurality of local control panels (DDC, PLC panel, etc.) supplied by the power distribution system is collected, so that each local control panel is detected to prevent malfunction, by distributing the current of the normal power supply to detect faults Prevents malfunctions and immediately checks the location of failures of local control panels located in different places and responds quickly to failures. The control system can be configured.

In addition, by supplying power by directly connecting the power line, which is a power supply line, to the load, it is possible to detect the power failure by configuring the power side and the load side detection / repairer regardless of the capacity of the load and the failure of the detection / repairer itself. Even when recovering electrical failures, it is possible to reduce the construction cost, product cost and facility area by detecting and recovering only the critical loads according to the critical load capacity, regardless of the total capacity of the load plus multiple loads. In the event of a fault, alarms and notifications are provided, and the load can be reliably supplied with power.

1 is a configuration diagram of an automatic control system connected to an existing distribution system.
2 is a block diagram of a failure power detection and recovery automatic control system 200 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2 when it is a single-phase two-wire incoming power source.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the case of forming a plurality of control panels and load circuits in the modified embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the case of a three-phase three-wire incoming power source. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the case of a three phase four wire incoming power supply. FIG.
7 is a circuit diagram of various embodiments of a power supply side and a load side detector / repairer.
8 is a calculation table in which supplementary current is supplied when resistance is increased in one single-phase power line
9 is a vector diagram illustrating the power recovery principle (sequence) of the power supply side detection / recovery device in a three-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire system electric failure;
The vector diagram 241-a is a phase vector diagram when the power supply side detector / repair unit 240 is in a steady state.
The vector diagram 242-b is a recovery sequence vector diagram when the input power source S phase is disconnected or phased out.
The vector diagram 243-a is a recovery sequence vector diagram when the input power source R phase is disconnected and phase formed.
Vector Fig. 242-b is a recovery sequence vector diagram when the input power source T phase is disconnected or missing.

The 'failure power detection and recovery automatic control system' according to the present invention, the power supply side having a first neutral point and connecting the neutral point to the neutral wire (N) connected to the main transformer, or to the second neutral point of the load side detection / repairer Detection / repair; Load side detection having a second neutral point and connecting the neutral point to the neutral wire (N) connected to the main transformer, or connecting the first neutral point of the power supply side detection / repairer and detecting power failure in real time to generate fault supplementary power. Two or more recovery devices are provided in connection with the location of the load circuit or control panel, and the input and output currents of the power line or the neutral point of the power supply side detection / repairer or the load side detection / repairer are detected, or the neutral point and the neutral point Or a fault detector which detects the voltages of the neutral point and the neutral wire, alarms or cuts off, or delivers the detected fault detection value to the controller or CCMS; A controller which compares the detection value provided by the fault detector with a reference set value and issues an alarm, cuts off the power, or transmits it to the communication module to notify the wired / wireless signal, and releases the alarm when an alarm release signal is received; CCMS; An alarm generator for generating an alarm according to the alarm signal provided from the fault detector or controller or CCMS; An alarm cancel input unit for releasing an alarm command of the alarm generator; A breaker for shutting down the fault power source may be provided according to the detection / recovery device or the fault detector, the controller or the CCMS blocking signal, which will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a block diagram of an automatic control system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and includes the following components.

In addition, the electrical equipment provided in the existing single-phase or multi-phase multi-wire (for example, single-phase two-wire, single-phase three-wire, three-phase three-wire, three-phase four-wire, etc.) distribution system (for example, 100 of Fig. 1, 2) A power side detector / repairer 240 connected in parallel to a power supply (eg, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 of FIGS. 1 and 2). It has its own neutral point (first neutral point) connected to the neutral line (N) of the power supply equipment, or connected to the second neutral point (N2) of the load-side detection / recovery unit 230 generates an electric failure in the power supply line It plays a role of blocking, detecting, or restoring the system.

In addition, the load side detection / recovery unit 230 is connected in parallel to the load side line of the distribution system. It itself has another neutral point (second neutral point), which connects the second neutral point (N2) to the neutral line (N) of the power supply facility, which is the electrical facility, or the first side of the power supply side detector / repairer (240). When connected to the neutral point (N1) in the event of an electrical failure in the power supply line to cut off the power immediately by using an existing earth leakage breaker, or to detect or detect the electrical failure to block or alarm or notification or recovery, control. Here, electrical failure means increased resistance, arc, disconnection, phase loss, unbalanced power, poor connection, and error in the electrical equipment (transformer, generator, UPS, switchgear, breaker, wire, switch, fuse, terminal, etc.) configured in the power supply line. Refers to wiring, short circuit, or short circuit.

Failure detector 210 for detecting the occurrence of electrical failure on the power supply side in conjunction with the load-side detection / repair unit 230. The fault detector 210 detects a current of a power line (R, S, T, or R, N, etc.) to which the load side detector / repair 230 is connected, or the second neutral point N2 of the load side detector / repairer. The input / output current of the neutral wire (N) connected to the first neutral point (N1) connected to the second neutral point (N2) or the first neutral point, the second neutral point (N2), the neutral wire (N), and the ground (E). Any one of the voltages are detected and immediately blocked, restored, alerted, or notified of the fault, or the detected fault detection value is transmitted to the following controller 220 or a central control system (CCMS) 280.

An alarm generator (250) that alerts the occurrence of a failure detected by the failure detector (210) or determined by the following controller (220) or a central control system (280) with a visual and / or audio alarm.

An alarm releasing input unit 260 which receives a signal for releasing an alarm generated (for example, when operating an alarm releasing switch) and generates an alarm releasing signal.

The breaker 270 for blocking the power supply side and the load side of the distribution system according to the detection of the failure by the fault detector 210 or according to the blocking signal of the following controller 220.

Determine the failure of the distribution system from the output of the fault detector 210 and immediately recover or output an alarm or a cutoff signal for operating the alarm generator 250 or the breaker 270, and externally by wire or wireless using a communication module. The controller 220 or the central control system 280 to notify the manager of.

Hereinafter, details of each component of FIG. 2 will be described with reference to specific embodiments with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6. FIG. 3 is an exemplary circuit diagram of an automatic control system 200 which is the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the case of a single-phase two-wire incoming power source. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2 when the line of the detection / recovery distribution system 150 is composed of a plurality of circuits according to a facility location of a control panel or a load circuit in a modified embodiment of FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the case of a three-phase incoming power supply. 6 is a circuit diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2 in the case of a three-phase four-wire incoming power supply, and FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of various embodiments of the detector / recovery devices 230 and 240.

The power-side detection / recovery unit 240 may include a main voltage transformer (eg, 300 of FIGS. 1 and 2) and a generator (eg, 700 of FIG. 2) of a distribution system (eg, 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2). ) In parallel to a power line (power supply line) between the power supply and the load in order to receive power from the power supply facilities 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, such as a UPS (eg, 600 in FIG. 2). By itself, the first neutral point (N1) constitutes a single-phase two-wire type (eg, FIG. 3), and the load side detection / recovery device when the single line is the neutral line (N) and the three-phase three-wire type (eg, FIG. 5). Connected to a second neutral point of the power supply, the power supply side detection / recovery unit 240 is configured to recover the load capacity when the electrical failure is restored, and when the electrical failure is detected as a minimum capacity for failure detection It saves product cost and facility area. (The higher the load capacity, the higher the fault replenishment current. A (15mA), the capacity of the group about the power supply side detection / recovery of a search is when you get down to a minimum (220V / 5VA level) a fault detection)

As a specific example, in FIG. 3, the single-phase power supply side detection / recovery unit 240-b may include R (S, T) phases of the power supply facilities 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 provided in the distribution system 100. The coils L1 and L2 connected in parallel to the N-line single-phase power output and the first neutral point N1 connected to the second neutral point N2 of the load side detector / recovery device 230-b. The first neutral point N1 is formed between two coils L1 and L2 connected in series. In fact, the coils L1 and L2 are one coil, and the tab formed between them may be used as the first neutral point N1. In the power supply side detector / recovery device 240-b of FIG. 3, single-phase power lines R, N, and S, at which both ends (one end and the other end) of the coils L1 and L2 are supplied to the load from the distribution system 100. , N · T, N) are connected in parallel, and one neutral point (first neutral point) emerges between one end and the other end of the coils L1 and L2 and is connected to the second neutral point N2 of the load-side detection / recovery device. By connecting to configure a distribution system 150 for detecting or repairing an electrical failure.

In addition, in Fig. 4, the power supply side and load detection / recovery devices 240-b and 230-b are coils L1 and L2 and a neutral point N1 connected in parallel to the R-phase and N-line single-phase power outputs of the distribution system 100. , N2), each of the plurality of second neutral points N2 of the load side detection / recovery device 230-b configured in the first neutral point N1 of the power supply side detection / recovery device and the plurality of control panels (load circuits), respectively. ) Are configured to be connected in series with each other. Thus, the plurality of load-side detection / recovery devices 230-b detect the location of the fault circuit by detecting the location of the fault circuit when the fault occurs in the place where the control panel (load circuit) is installed, or block the occurrence of the fault. Configure for recovery, blocking, alarm, notification, and control.

In addition, in the three-phase three-wire incoming power supply embodiment of FIG. 5, the configuration of the power supply side detector / recovery device 240-a includes coils P1, P2, and P3 connected to the power lines R, S, and T. The neutral point (N1) of P1, P2, P3 is configured to make the first neutral point (N1) and to serve a similar role as the neutral line. The configuration of the load-side detection / recovery device 230-a is also the same as that of the power-side detection / recovery device 240-a, but the neutral point of the load-side detection / recovery device 230-a is provided as the second neutral point N2. The first neutral point (N1) and the second neutral point (N2) are connected in series in a state where there is no potential difference with each other so as to generate a failure supplementary power corresponding to an electric failure of the power lines (R, S, T). It is composed.

On the other hand, the load-side detection / recovery device 230-a when the three-phase four-wire incoming power is supplied to the power supply side detection / recovery device 240-a of the power supply facility (eg, 300 of FIG. 1) of the power system 100. It is configured as shown in FIG. 6 to exclude the direct connection. When the three-phase load, the second neutral point (N2) is directly connected to the neutral line (N) of the main transformer (300), the three-phase four-wire incoming power, and when the single-phase load is connected to the power side detection Connect the single-phase load to (S, N) of the recovery device (240-a), and load-side detection / recovery device (230-b) is connected to the (S, N) line of the power-side detection / recovery device (240-a). Connected in parallel, even if one single phase is used in the load, three-phase current is used together, and the detection / recovery distribution system 150 is configured to detect and recover the electrical failure of the single phase on the load side.

In general, the power-side detection / recovery unit 240 will be described in detail. If the single-phase power supply voltage of the existing three-phase four-wire (R, S, T, N) or single-phase (RN, SN, TN) distribution system is 220V, The potential difference is 220V. Here, the power supply side detector / recovery device 240-b receives a single-phase 220V power supply in parallel. The load is supplied by connecting the single-phase power in series regardless of the output capacity of the power supply side detector / recovery device 240-b. Thus, regardless of the capacity of the power supply side detection / recovery device 240-b and the load, the load is supplied with single-phase power, and between the windings of both ends of the coils receiving power of the power supply side detection / recovery device 240-b. It is preferable to configure a tap or a first neutral point (N1) and connect the neutral point (N1) to the second neutral point (N2) of the load-side detector / repair unit (230-b) so that there is no potential difference from each other in a normal state. .

The power supply side detection / recovery unit 240-b is connected in parallel to a line connected with a single-phase supply power as a load, and the line or parallel failure of the power supply side detection / recovery unit 240-b is performed. When an electric failure of the load side line occurs in real time, it can be blocked or alarmed or restored, thereby preventing an electric failure due to the electric failure through the load side detection / recovery device 230-b.

Next, the load side detection / recovery device 230-b connected to the load side will be described.

In Fig. 3, the load side detector / recovery device 230-b is connected in parallel to two wires R 'and N' supplied to a load, respectively, so as to be connected to connection points (or two wires) of coils L1 and L2 to which single-phase power is input and output. The second neutral point (N2) is formed in the tap between the two ends of one coil (L1-L2) to be connected to the first neutral point (N1) of the power-side detection / recovery unit 240-b Have

The load side detection / recovery device 230-b of FIG. 4 has a configuration similar to that of the load side detection / recovery device 230-b of FIG. 3, but the plurality of load side detection / recovery device 230 has a load (control panel, etc.). Circuits are configured separately for each circuit), and circuit breakers 270 are configured in each circuit to immediately interrupt the fault circuit, or detect a neutral point to inform the location of the fault circuit, or the load-side detection / recoverer 230-b. In this case, it is different from the connection to block, alarm, notify, and maintain recovery according to the control signal immediately after recovery. In addition, in FIG. 4, at least one load side detector / recovery unit 230-b is connected in parallel to the main circuit (power side detector / repairer, breaker, power supply line, etc.) to perform a kind of redundancy function.

Next, the fault detector 210 detects a current flowing through the coils L1-L2 of the load-side detection / recovery device 230 or a voltage between both ends thereof using a current / voltage detector, or a neutral wire and a first neutral point or a first neutral point. And a current or voltage between the second neutral point N2 or the neutral line and the second neutral point. In this case, if the voltage detection is made by the trip coil during an electrical failure, the circuit breaker is tripped immediately when the voltage is generated, or the current detection is an earth leakage breaker, and the power is cut off at the same time as the fault current is generated. When the fault detection value is transmitted to the controller 220 or the central control system 280, the controller 220 or the central control system 280 provides the detection value and the magnetic position value detected by the fault detector 210. The controller 220 or the central control system 280 compares and determines the preset values, and determines whether there is a failure, the location and location of the failure, and if the failure is determined to notify the failure location through the communication module or breaker ( 270) to output a trip signal. The trip signal may be designed to be output from the fault detector 210 as shown in FIG. 2, or may be designed to be output from the controller 220 or the central control system 280.

Meanwhile, in another embodiment, when the fault detector 210 is implemented as an image transformer, a solid state relay (SSR), or a relay, disconnection of the power line may be detected and the controller 220 or the central control system 280 may disconnect the disconnection. Judgment can be output to the alarm or blocking signal.

Now, the operation of the automatic control system 200 using the single-phase power source shown in FIGS. 3 to 4 will be described in detail.

The power supply side detection / recovery unit 240-b is an inductance for outputting a first neutral point between single-phase power supplies by connecting the single-phase power supplies R, N, S, N, T, and N supplied in parallel to the power supply side in parallel. It is composed of a coil and an iron core (when detecting only, it may be composed of a resistor, a condenser, etc., or may be recovered using a detector / recovery after detection by a resistor, a condenser, etc.) between the winding ends of the coil. A first neutral point of the load side detector / repair unit 230-b which forms a first neutral point N1 and configures the neutral point N1 with the same voltage ratio as the power supply side detector / recovery unit 240-b. By connecting the two neutral points so that there is no potential difference, the second neutral point N1 output from the power supply side detector / recovery unit 240-b and the second neutral output point supplied from the load side detector / recovery unit 230-b are supplied. Since there is no potential between the neutral points, no current flows. In this case, the power lines R and N are directly connected to the load, so that the normal power is supplied to the load. In this case, an electrical failure occurs in the R phase line between the power supply side and the load side detector / recovery device (240-b, 230-b). If this occurs, an unbalance occurs between the R and N lines, a potential difference is generated between the first neutral point N1 and the second neutral point N2, and a voltage or a current flows. b) and the load-side detector / recovery device 230-b generate a failure replenishment power by mutual electromagnetic induction between the coils having a voltage abnormality through the coils L1 and L2.

8 is calculated by calculating the fault supplement current according to the load capacity when the resistance of the line is increased. For example, the resistance of the detection / recovery distribution system 150 in the R phase of the R and N single phase lines is calculated. If it is assumed that the power supply is 220V and the neutral point of the detector / repair is configured in the middle of the coil, the voltage values of the neutral point and R, the neutral point and N are equal to 110V, and the load capacity is 1000W. The current value of is A = W / V, so 1000/220 = 4.545A. If the load current value is converted to mA, it is 4,545mA. The load resistance R is the V / I because the resistance R = 48.4 Ω, where If the track resistance on the R increases 0.5 Ω, the load resistance value of 48.4 Ω about 1/97 by the charge on the track resistance R of about 47mA The current resistance of the line consumes the line resistance, and the second neutral point of the load side detector / repair unit connected to the first neutral point of the power-side detector / repair unit supplies 110V to the line N line in the steady state, and the second neutral point. When 110V is induced in coil L2 connected to and N line, electromagnetic induction is generated by coil L1 wound on the same iron core to recover 110V and supply 220V of normal voltage to load, which is about 47mA to R phase line with increased resistance. The supplementary current of R and N wires are supplied through the second neutral point of the load side detector / repair unit (neutral wire (N) or R wire is disconnected, connection failure, abnormal voltage inflow, etc.). If a failure occurs, it becomes unbalanced. Uh, it is natural that physical outputs prove to be able to detect and recover supplemental currents.

The automatic control system 200 using the single-phase power source includes a load side detector / repair unit 230-a in the load side path of the distribution line of the detection / recovery distribution system 150. The second neutral point N2 at the input or output coil of the load-side detection / recovery device 230-a in order to recover, shut off, alarm, and notify the power line supplied from the power-side detection / recovery device 240-a in case of failure. ) And detect the voltage of the second neutral point (N2) and the first neutral point (N) included in the power supply side detector / recovery unit 240-a, or detect the second neutral point (N2) on the power source side. The current is detected after the electrical connection with the first neutral point (N) provided in the recovery device (240-a). This allows the power line or neutral of a single-phase two-wire or single-phase three-wire power supply to detect or recover in real time in the event of increased resistance, disconnection, poor contact or half-break.

In addition, the second neutral point N2 of the load side detector / repairer 230-b electrically connected to the first neutral point N1 of the power side detector / recovery device 240-b becomes a neutral wire in a single-phase three-wire type. In case of single-phase three-wire type, if a power line disconnection occurs, it immediately alarms or cuts off or recovers. When the second neutral point (N2) electrically connected to the first neutral point (N1) is also used in a single-phase two-wire system, it acts as a backup line when the power line is disconnected, and short-circuit current is distributed and flows when the load is shorted. The reliability of the system can be increased.

Meanwhile, referring to the load side detector / recovery unit 230-b, the load side detector / recovery unit 230-b also forms a second neutral point N2 between both ends of the input / output coil connected in parallel to the power supply. Detecting the voltage of the second neutral point N2 and the first neutral point N1 included in the power supply side detector / recovery unit 240-b, or detecting the second neutral point N2 from the power source side detector / repairer ( And a first neutral point N1 of 240-b). As a result, when an increase in resistance, disconnection, poor contact, half-break, short circuit, abnormal voltage inflow, etc. occurs in the wire (R or S or T or N, etc.) of the detection / recovery distribution system 150, In order to be able to operate using the second neutral point (N2).

Here, looking at the recovery process of the disconnection of the R of the single-phase two-wire type of the wire of the detection / recovery distribution system 150 of Figure 3, when the wire R is disconnected from the power supply side, only one line of the N line remains. The wire path N and the first neutral point N1 of the power supply side detector / repair device supply power to the coil L2 of the load side detector / recovery device 230-b. The coil L2 induces electromagnetic induction of the coil L1 in conjunction with the first neutral point N1 to which the second neutral point N2 of the load-side detection / recovery device 230-b is connected, and restores the single-phase two-wire power supply. do. When the wire line N is disconnected, only one line of the wire R line exists in the detection / recovery distribution system 150, and the existing wire line R and the first neutral point N1 are the load-side detection / repair unit 230-b. Power to the coil L1 of the coil L1, which is connected to the first neutral point N1 connected to the second neutral point N2 of the load-side detector / recovery device 230-b. Electromagnetic induction) to restore single-phase two-wire power. In case of electrical failure such as poor contact or disconnection and arc due to the above, real-time fault compensation current is supplied.

In addition, when a short circuit (ground fault) occurs in the wire paths (R, N, etc.) of the detection / recovery distribution system 150, a leakage current flows only in the short circuit, and the present method (eg, a circuit breaker) can be monitored. Since the leakage current is supplied by the recovery power of the load-side detection / recovery device 230-b, the input / output line of the load-side detection / recovery device 230-b is monitored by an image transformer, or the load-side detection / recovery device 230-b is provided. The leakage current can be detected by monitoring the N1 line, which is the first neutral point connected to the N2 terminal, which is the second neutral point of b), with the image current transformer. Alternatively, a method of detecting an electrical failure as a voltage without connecting the N2 terminal of the load-side detector / recovery device 230-b and the N1 line of the power supply side detector / restorer 240-b is also possible.

Here, if voltage is detected without connecting the N2 terminal of the load-side detector / recovery device 230-b and the N1 terminal of the power-side detector / recovery device 240-b with a wire, even in the case of disconnection, poor contact or half-break Since the voltage can be detected at the N2 terminal and the N1 terminal, when a voltage is detected at the N2 terminal and the N1 terminal, the device immediately shuts off, alarms, or recovers (by connecting N1 and N2) the controller or the central control system. (CCMS) 280 to pass. The controller 220 or the central control system (CCMS) 280 determines the comparison with a predetermined set value, and issues a block or a notification (alarm) and a recovery. If voltage is detected at the N2 terminal and the N1 terminal without detecting the leakage current at the line R or N, it is determined that the resistance increase, disconnection, contact failure, or half-break occurs, and the controller 220 and the central control system (CCMS) are detected. The 280 is connected to the N2 terminal and the N1 terminal to immediately recover or perform a function of transmitting an electric signal to operate a circuit breaker or an alarm or a communication module. If it is defective, it is detected without leakage current of R and N lines, and if the resistance is increased, the failure supplement current is small, and in case of disconnection, 220V is supplied at 110V, so the failure supplement current flows twice as much as the normal current flowing to the load. In case of fault or half-break, fault supplementary current flows irregularly, so you can know what kind of fault is caused by programming the set value.)

This time, with reference to Figs. 5 to 6, the disconnection and phase recovery in the case of a three-phase four-wire power supply will be described. 5 and 6, the power supply side detector / recovery device 240-a may include a first winding P1 wound around the first leg 120 and a third winding P3 wound around the third leg 140. The voltage ratio is wound at 1: 1, and the second winding P2 includes three coil windings having a voltage ratio of 1/2 of the ratio of the first winding voltage to the third winding voltage. It is wound around three legs and has windings P1, P2, and P3, which are coils, and legs 120, 130, and 140, which are iron cores, and connected in parallel to power lines R, S, and T that supply three-phase power to the load. The neutral point outputting the first neutral point N1 and the load side detector / recovery device 230-a connected to the neutral point can be seen.

7 illustrates various embodiments of the power side and load side detector / recoverers 230, 240. 240-a shows the power supply side detector / repairer used in the three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire system of FIGS. 5 and 6, and 240-b is another embodiment of the power-side detection / repairer 240 of FIG. , Which is structured for use in single phase (2-wire, 3-wire), represents another embodiment of the power-side detection / recovery device 240, where 230-a is load side detection used in three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire systems. A restorer, 230-b is another embodiment of the load side detector / recovery unit 230 of FIG. 3, designed for use in single phase (2-wire, 3-wire), 230-c in a primary coil The load side detection recovery device 230 transforms to a low voltage (for example, 3 to 60 V) to supply a commercial power to detect a failure, and to supply an electronic circuit (for example, DDC) from a secondary coil. Is harmonics and noises generated from the nonlinear load facility of three-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire system and flow into the neutral point. Offset by passing a three-phase phase and shows a load detection recovery exchanger 230 to be used when it is necessary to be corrected for the unbalanced to balanced direction.

In Fig. 9, the vector diagram 241-a in the steady state of the power supply side detector / repairer 240-a, and the recovery vector diagrams 242, 243 and 244 at the time of disconnection and open phase are described. Looking at Figure 9 will be described for the recovery. The vector diagram 243-a is a vector diagram of the state where the input S-phase is extinguished. When the input S phase is extinguished, the power supply of the coil windings P2 (P2-1, P2-2, P2-3) disappears, and only the input R phase, the input T phase, and the neutral wire (N) which maintain the phase angle of 120 degrees from each other are supplied. The input is such that the other end of the winding (coil) P1 connected to the neutral wire (N) is input to the voltage on the input R, the same leg 120 as the first leg 120 is the iron core wound around the winding P1 In the winding P2-1 wound in the opposite direction of the winding P1, a phase voltage in a 180 degree opposite direction to the voltage induced in the winding P1 and the phase is generated in the winding P2-1 based on the neutral point N. This results in a phase vector in the 243-a state. On the other hand, if the phase difference between the input R phase and 120 degrees and the input voltage is three phase 380V, the input T phase having the potential difference of 380V and the neutral line N and the 220V potential difference and position is connected to one end of the winding P3 connected to the neutral wire at the other end thereof. The winding P2-2, which is wound in the opposite direction of the winding P3 to the same leg 140 as the third leg 140 in which the winding P3 is wound, is based on one end of P2-1 having the other end connected to the neutral point N. A phase voltage of 180 degrees opposite to the phase induced by the winding P3 is generated as an electromagnetic induction in the winding P2-2 so that a phase vector of a 243-b state appears. On the other hand, the winding P2-3 wound on the second leg has the magnetic fluxes of the phases R and T induced electromagnetically from the first leg 120 and the third leg 140, so that the magnetic flux of the S phase is added to the second leg. The voltage of the S phase of the 243-c state is induced in the winding P2-3. Here, the other end of the winding P2-1 is connected to the neutral point, one end of the winding P2-1 and the other end of the winding P2-2 are connected in reverse V connection, and the other end of P2-3 is connected to one end of P2-2 in the form of Y connection, At one end of -3, the extinguished power input S phase is generated and the input S phase is restored as in 243-c.

In addition, in the vector of FIG. 9, when the T phase is disconnected and disappears as in the case of 244-a, only the input R phase, the input S phase, and the neutral (N) power are input to the coil windings P1 and P2, and thus the opposite to the leg 120 such as the coil winding P1. The winding P2-1, the other end of which is wound and connected to the neutral point or the neutral line N, is formed by forming a phase voltage opposite to P1. In addition, the S phase input to the coil winding P2-3 maintains a phase angle of 120 degrees with the R phase and a potential of 380V, and a voltage of S phase at one end of the coil winding P2-3 at a position where a neutral line has a potential of 220V. The phase of S phase is formed in this coil winding P2-3 when this is thrown in. At this time, the phase voltage of the T phase is induced in the coil winding P2-2 connected between the other end of the coil winding P2-3 and one end of the wound coil winding P2-1 and wound around the third leg as shown in 244-b. The wound coil winding P3 is electromagnetically induced, and the coil winding P3 is obtained by recovering the phase voltage of T phase as in 244-c. Similarly, when the input R phase is disconnected and extinguished as in the case of the vector 242-a, the voltage of the same phase as the coil P3 is induced in the coil P2-2 wound on the third leg 140 such as the coil P3 by the coil P3 of the input T phase. When the S phase voltage is applied to one end of the coil winding P2-3 at a position where the S phase maintains a phase angle of 120 degrees with the T phase and a potential of 380 V, and the neutral line maintains a potential of 220 V, the phase of the S phase is changed to the coil winding. It is formed in P2-3. At this time, as shown in Fig. 242-b, the coil winding P2-1 having the other end connected to the neutral wire and one end connected to the coil winding P2-2 induces a voltage of R phase, resulting in a first leg equal to the coil winding P2-1 in the first leg. In the coil winding P1 wound in the opposite direction to 120, the opposite voltage of the voltage of the R phase induced in the coil winding P2-1 is formed in the coil winding P1, as shown in Fig. 242-c, and the input R phase is restored to its original state.

In this case, the power is three-phase four-wire and the load is configured as shown in Figure 10 when the electrical failure such as resistance increase, arc, disconnection, phase loss, connection failure in the R, S, T, N power line of the three-phase four-wire system S, N single-phase load side, which is detected and restored by the power-side detection / recovery unit 240-a, may be configured so that any electrical failure does not interfere with power supply, and is parallel to the power lines of S and N. Detection / recovery of the electrical failure is also possible in the connected load-side detection / recovery device 230-b, and the second winding P2 (P2-1, P2-2, P2) of the power-side detection / recovery device 240-a is possible. The second winding to which the S and N lines are connected is divided into three three-phase legs 120, 130, and 140 so that the three-phase current is used together when the single-phase electric is used in the S and N lines. Prevents unbalanced current on the power supply side, reducing transformer loss and There is also an increasing feature.

In addition, as mentioned earlier, by installing the fault detector 210 at the neutral point (N2) of the load-side detection / repair unit 230 to detect and detect the occurrence of electrical failure, such as increased resistance, disconnection, short circuit, poor contact, half disconnection Alarm or cut off the electrical failure to deliver to the controller 220 or CCMS (280) to recover, or to remotely block the failure electricity, or to notify the wired or wireless to the outside. Alternatively, the failure detector 210 may be used to block or alarm without the controller 220 or the CCMS 280.

To describe in detail the blocking or alarm without the controller 220 or the CCMS 280, when an electrical failure such as an increase in resistance, disconnection, poor contact, or disconnection occurs, the load side detector / recovery unit 230 is provided. Voltage and current are generated at the neutral point N2 and the neutral line N or the first neutral point. At this time, the current leakage circuit breaker is immediately used to cut off the power supply, or the generated voltage is cut off by operating the trip coil implemented by the fault detector 210, or the contactless relay (SSR) is detected and operated. The solid state relay (SSR) may operate the trip coil using a self-contained switch to cut off the breaker 270 or to operate the alarm generator 250, and to detect the load side detection / repair unit to recover faulty electricity. The neutral point (N2) terminal and the neutral wire (N) terminal provided in the 230 or the terminal of the first neutral point can be connected immediately to recover. In addition, when the fault detector 210 detects the voltage or current flowing after connecting the neutral point N2 and the neutral line N or the first neutral point, the external device may inform the outside whether it is recovered or not. You can also block.

0로 검출되면 탐지/복구배전계통(150)에 이상이 발생한 것으로 판단, 마찬가지로 누전발생의 경우에도 1) 중성선(N) 또는 제1 중성점(N1)과 제2 중성점(N2)의 전압 또는 전류를 탐지할 수 있고, 2) 단상 2선식 전선로의 전류검출 값이 어떤 값인지를 검출하여 R+N=0 일 때 정상으로 판단하고 R+N

0로 검출되면 탐지/복구배전계통(150)에 이상이 발생한 것으로 판단할 수 있다.(삼상의 경우도 상기한 내용과 다를 바 없으므로 자세한 설명은 생략한다.) 고장발생으로 판단되면 누전차단기를 통해 즉시(0.03초 이내) 차단하거나, 고장검출기를 통해서 경보 발령 또는 차단기(270) 차단 또는 복구를 수행하거나 검출 값을 제어기(220) CCMS(280)에 전달하여 제어기(220) 또는 CCMS(280)에서 원격으로 차단기 차단신호를 보내거나 경보 또는 복구하거나, 통신모듈을 통하여 유무선으로 고장발생을 관리자에게 통보하도록 할 수 있다.Here, the failure detector 210 detects power supply disconnection, contact failure, and disconnection of the power supply according to the following methods: 1) Neutral wire (N) or zero that is generated when recovering resistance increase, disconnection, contact failure, half disconnection, open phase, and unbalance. 1 Detects the voltage or current of neutral point (N1) and second neutral point (N2) 2) Detects what value the current is detected in the line of single-phase 2-wire power line (R, N, etc.) When judged to be normal R + N

If 0 is detected, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the detection / recovery distribution system 150. Similarly, in case of a short circuit, 1) the voltage or current of the neutral wire (N) or the first neutral point (N1) and the second neutral point (N2) is determined. 2) Detects what the current detection value of single-phase two-wire is and judges it to be normal when R + N = 0 and then R + N

If it is detected as 0, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the detection / recovery distribution system 150. (In the case of three phases, the detailed description is omitted since it is not the same as the above.) In the controller 220 or the CCMS 280, shut down immediately (within 0.03 seconds), perform an alarm or break or recover the breaker 270 through the fault detector, or transfer the detected value to the controller 220 CCMS 280. It can send breaker cutoff signal remotely, alarm or recover, or notify administrator of failure through wired / wireless communication module.

Here, the controller 220 or the CCMS 280 may use a relay, an earth leakage alarm, or the like, which is equipped with a conventional microcomputer function, or may use a communication facility provided in an existing facility. However, in the present invention, the controller 220 or the CCMS 280 stores a controllable program, and can control the overall operation of the automatic control system 200 according to the program. It is preferable to implement with a controller or the like.

On the other hand, the controller 220 or the CCMS 280, as is known, the abnormal voltage occurs at the neutral point (N, N1, N2) due to an increase in the resistance of the power line or an electrical failure such as disconnection or contact failure or half-break or short circuit, When it is determined that the abnormal current flows, the breaker 270 is immediately operated or the alarm generator 250 is driven. The alarm generator 250 alarms an electric failure such as an increase in resistance or a disconnection or a poor contact or a short circuit or a short circuit. In the present invention, an alarm is generated using a visual alarm and / or an audio alarm method. If the administrator recognizes this in the presence of a visual and / or audible alarm, he / she will follow up promptly, thereby causing various electrical accidents that may be caused by deterioration or resistance increase of the power line or disconnection or contact failure or short circuit or short circuit. Will prevent,

Administrators can clear alarms as needed. For example, when the alarm release switch provided in the alarm release input unit 260 is operated, an alarm release signal is generated by the alarm release input unit 260 and transmitted to the controller 220 or the CCMS 280. When the alarm release signal is transmitted, the controller 220 or the CCMS 280 may stop the operation of the alarm generator 250 to release the alarm.

In addition, the present invention is a high signal if the failure detector 210 detects an electrical failure such as increased resistance or disconnection or contact failure or half-break or short-circuit to increase the resistance, disconnection, poor contact, half-break, leakage When the signal is normal, the low signal is transmitted to the controller 220 or the CCMS 280, and the controller 220 or the CCMS 280 determines a failure by comparing with a preset set value, and immediately recovers, alerts, or shuts down as predetermined. Or wired or wirelessly notified to the administrator to prevent electric accidents such as power failure, electric shock, control interruption, device damage, fire, etc., which may occur due to electric failure such as deterioration, resistance increase, disconnection, contact failure, half-break, and short circuit. .

In addition, the present invention, as is well known, increased resistance or disconnection or poor contact or half-break even in a state in which the electrical failure due to increased resistance or disconnection or contact failure or half-break, etc. is restored by operating the load side detection / recovery unit 230. Alternatively, the occurrence of an electric failure such as a short circuit is continuously detected through the fault detector 210. At this time, a short circuit is detected even though the load-side detection / recovery unit 230 is operated due to an abnormal voltage or a current at a power line or a neutral point, In case of contact failure or half-break, the controller 220 or CCMS 280 automatically operates the circuit breaker (MCCB, ELB, etc.) by using the control signal, alarms or wired and wireless notifications, such as power failure, electric shock, load loss, fire It will prevent the occurrence.

For example, according to the present invention, by automatically performing a fault power recovery in the case of disconnection at the power supply side of the distribution system, to prevent the occurrence of power failure caused by disconnection, and to increase the resistance, contact failure, recovery in half-break, tracking, spark It prevents short circuits due to deterioration, burnout of electrical equipment, overheating and electric fires, and it can prevent electric shocks and electric fires caused by short circuits when a short circuit occurs.

In addition, when failure recovery fails, the breaker operation control signal is generated to operate the breaker, thereby preventing damage to the downstream device due to overcurrent or abnormal voltage.

The automatic control system 200 of the present invention can be implemented in one module and commercialized. This checks for electrical failures (increased resistance of the power line, short circuit, disconnection, poor contact, half-break, etc.), installs alarms at distribution boards or switchboards, or cuts off power at all times in conjunction with breakers, It can be easily applied to the equipment for supplying to gain the benefit of alarming or interrupting abnormal power or real-time electrical failure recovery.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.

100-Distribution System (Electrical Equipment)
120-1st leg, 130-2nd leg, 140-3rd leg
150-Detection / Recovery Distribution System
200-automatic control system for detecting and restoring fault power according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
210-Fault Detector (SSR, ZCT, CT, Voltage, Current Detector, Relay, Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker, etc.)
220-controller
230-Load side detector / repair
240-Power Side Detection / Repairer
250-Alarm Generator
260-alarm off input
270-Circuit breaker (earth leakage breaker, circuit breaker, MG / SW, electronic switch, ACB, VCB, AISS, LBS, etc.)
280-CCMS (Central Control System)
290-Control panel (DDC panel, PLC panel, load facility, etc.)
300-main transformer (secondary coil of transformer)
400-switchboard
500-Motor Control Board (Distribution Board)
600-UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)
700-emergency generator
R, S, T-three-phase power lines
R, S, T, N-Three Phase Four Wire Power Line
R, NS, NT, N-single phase power line
N-neutral, N1-first neutral, N2-second neutral
E or ET-Earth (ground)
L1, L2-The first winding that is a coil of the single phase detector / repairer (L1, L2 is one connected coil, but L1 may be the first winding and L2 may be the second winding.)
P1-the first winding, which is the R-phase coil of the three-phase detector / repairer
P2-Second winding, the S-phase coil of a three-phase detector / repairer
(P2-1 = second winding wound on the first leg, P2-2 = second winding wound on the third leg, P2-3 = second winding wound on the second leg)
P3-Third winding, T phase coil of three phase detector / repairer

Claims (10)

One or more power side detector / repair units connected in parallel to the power side of the power line to which single-phase or three-phase power is supplied have a first neutral point, and a load side detector / repair unit connected to the load side of the power line in plurality has a second neutral point, The first neutral point is divided into a plurality according to the number of load-side detection / repair units provided and connected to the second neutral point, and circuits of a control panel, a PC, a DDC, a PLC, and an RTU are respectively connected to a plurality of the load-side detection / repair units. Types of circuit breakdowns in the event of an electrical failure caused by at least one of an increase in resistance, disconnection, missing phase, unbalanced power, poor connection, incorrect wiring, short circuit, and short circuit in the power line between the power supply side detection / repairer and the load side detection / repairer Automatic detection and recovery of faulty power, characterized in that the detection and recovery, blocking, alarm, notification, control to perform at least one or more system. In the automatic control system that detects when an electrical failure occurs due to increased resistance, disconnection, open phase, unbalanced power, poor connection, incorrect wiring, short circuit, short circuit in three phase distribution system,
A first leg, a second leg, and a third leg are provided with an iron core and a coil, a first winding, a second winding, and a third winding, wherein the first leg has the first winding in the forward direction and the second winding in the reverse direction. Wound, the second winding is wound in the forward direction to the second leg, the third winding is wound in the forward direction, and the second winding is wound in the reverse direction, so that the first winding, the second winding, the One end of the third winding is connected in parallel to a power line corresponding to R, S, and T, and the other ends of the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding are connected in a common line to form a neutral point. Is connected to any one or more of the ground, the neutral wire, the first neutral point of the power supply side detection / repairer, and the second neutral point of the load side detection / repairer, and is divided into three parts of the first leg, the second leg, and the third leg. The coil voltage ratio of each of the second windings wound by The single-phase power supply is supplied by connecting and winding the wire at 1/2 of the third winding voltage ratio, and the resistance increase, disconnection, phase loss, unbalanced power, connection failure, incorrect wiring, short circuit, short circuit in the power line or the neutral line or single phase power supply line. Automatic detection and recovery of fault power, characterized in that it comprises a coil which is the winding to output the voltage or current for the electrical failure in the power-side detection / repair or load-side detection / recovery in case of an electrical failure due to at least one of the Control system. The power supply side and load side detection / recovery device according to claim 1 or 2,
A first neutral point is configured at the power supply side detection / recovery device and a second neutral point is configured at the load side detection / recovery device to detect a potential difference between any two of the neutral line, the first neutral point, and the second neutral point of the distribution system; A neutral wire, the first neutral point, and the second neutral point are connected to any two of them to detect a current, or the power line or the first neutral point and the second neutral point connected between the power supply side detector / recovery unit and the load side detector / repair unit. And detecting a current flowing between the fault detector so that the fault detector can detect, cut off, or notify the circuit of the fault spot at the time of the fault. The method of claim 3, wherein the load side detection / recovery unit,
It is provided in at least one DDC control panel unit or PLC control panel unit, respectively, or at the end of the unit, provided in the power side detection / repair device or the power distribution system to which the power line is connected based on the point and place where the load side detection / recovery device is provided. Automatic control system for fault power detection and recovery, characterized in that for detecting or recovering the line failure to the power line and neutral line of the transformer. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the load-side detection / recovery unit,
In the switchboard, UPS, emergency power supply device, transformer, and detection / repair device on the power side, lightning, short-circuit, ground fault, equipment burnout, fuse disconnection, the power flowing into the system from the power supply line is R phase or S phase or T phase or neutral wire ( Automatic control system for failure power detection and recovery, characterized in that to recover the real-time electrical failure and supply the normal power to the system even if N) is disconnected or missing. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power supply side and load side detection / recovery unit,
The power supply side and load side detection / repair unit connected in parallel to the power line and the neutral line connecting between single-phase or three-phase power supply and the load are inductors or electronic elements regardless of the capacity of the load. And a second neutral point, and generates a voltage or a current at the first neutral point and the second neutral point at the time of the electrical failure, or generates a voltage or a current at a neutral line connected to the first neutral point or the second neutral point. And the inductor or electronic device for immediately shutting off the electrical failure or detecting the failure through a failure detector. The method of claim 6, wherein the electronic device,
Resistance or capacitors or varistors or silicon or germanium or carbon or coils or integrated circuits or relays or solid state relays ) Or tripping coil, faulty power detection and recovery automatic control system. The method of claim 3, wherein the fault detector,
Detects the voltage of any one of the first neutral point, the second neutral point, the neutral wire, and the earth to detect an electrical signal generated during the electrical failure, and when detected as the occurrence of the electrical failure, alarm through an alarm generator or cut off through a breaker Or control via a controller or a CCMS, or to recover in real time through the power side detection / repairer or the load side detection / repairer. The method of claim 3, wherein the fault detector,
At least one of an electronic relay, an SSR, an image transformer, a voltage detector, a current detector, a relay, a trip coil, and an earth leakage circuit breaker for detecting an electrical failure generated electrical signal output from the first neutral point, the second neutral point, and the power line. Fault power detection and recovery automatic control system The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the automatic control system,
The power supply side detector / repair unit, which is connected when the power distribution line of the distribution system, such as a distribution panel, an MCC panel, a UPS, a generator, and a transformer, has no neutral point, has a first neutral point, and the first neutral point is the second neutral point of the load side detection / repair unit. A power side detection / recovery device coupled to the power supply;
A load side detection / recovery device having the second neutral point and connecting the second neutral point to a first neutral point of the power side detection / recovery device or to a neutral wire configured in the distribution system to block or detect or recover power failure;
The load-side detection / recovery device is provided in association with the number of control panels, PCs, DDCs, PLCs, and RTUs, or at least one floor is provided for each floor or each control panel, so that when a failure occurs, a power line or neutral point A fault detector which detects an input / output current or detects a voltage or a current in at least one of the first neutral point, the second neutral point, the power line, and the neutral line to alert or block or deliver the detected fault detection value to a controller or a CCMS. ;
A controller or CCMS for alarming, blocking, restoring, notifying, controlling the detected value provided by the fault detector by comparing with a set value;
An alarm generator for generating an alarm according to the alarm signal provided from the fault detector or controller or CCMS;
An alarm cancel input unit for releasing an alarm command of the alarm generator;
And a breaker for disconnecting the faulty power according to the fault detector or the controller or the interrupt signal of the CCMS.

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