KR101994097B1 - Energy storage power generating system and method by liquefaction, regasification and expansion process of air - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy storage and generation system using air liquefaction, regasification, and expansion and a method thereof. According to the present invention, the system comprises: a hot thermal storage tank (hereinafter, referred to as an HTS tank) storing thermal energy generated from an air liquefaction process of compressing and cooling inducted air by multiple times to liquefy the inducted air; a cold thermal storage tank (hereinafter, referred to as a CTS tank) storing cold generated from a regasification and generation process of regasifying the air liquefied in the air liquefaction process to heat and expand the regasified air multiple times; an auxiliary HTS tank arranged separately from the HTS tank and collecting a part of the thermal energy generated from the air liquefaction process; and an auxiliary CTS tank arranged separately from the CTS tank and collecting a part of the cold generated from the regasification and generation process. Accordingly, a plan for efficiently using an available heat source of each process can be devised.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an energy storage and power generation system and method by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system and method for energy storage and generation by air liquefaction, regeneration and expansion processes.

The most valuable form of energy in utility and utility is electricity, while the least valuable form is heat.

The reason is that electricity can be converted to all energy forms, but heat can not be converted to other energy in a pure way, and losses are heavy when mobilizing means.

Therefore, the energy supply of a country is supplied in the form of electric energy, the demand is fluid, and the change in demand of night and day is serious, which causes an imbalance of supply and demand.

However, even though electrical energy can be converted to all forms of energy, the most valuable electrical energy itself can not store energy.

Therefore, it is necessary to save energy by converting electricity into another energy type at a time when demand is low, and to increase the energy supply by converting stored energy into electric energy even if efficiency is low, Thereby making the energy pool of the system more flexible and efficient.

On the other hand, natural gas, which is a mixed gas of air and hydrogen, is liquefied at a very low temperature and consumes a lot of electric energy in a compression process for liquefaction.

However, some of the energy consumed in the liquefaction process can be recovered by regenerating the liquefied gas and producing power through the process of expanding the energy of the generated gas.

Considering the capacity of the energy storage system using surplus electricity, when it is large enough to be used in a power supply grid (Grid) of a country, And storage in the form of air.

As a concrete example, a liquefied air energy storage system (LAES) is exemplified.

LAES uses air at room temperature during nighttime with surplus electricity, stores energy in the form of liquefied air through compression and condensation processes, and evaporates and expands the liquefied air stored in daytime with high power demand. .

The energy storage and power generation system by general air liquefaction, regeneration and expansion process is shown in Fig.

3, " FCV "represents a flow control valve and" CV "represents a check valve. In FIG. 3, FCV " and "CV" together with "Recirculating Compressor "," Low Pressure Turbine ", "Row-Thomson Valve "," Liquefied Air Storage Tank & .

In general, the air liquefaction process and the regeneration and power generation processes operate separately. However, in order to operate each process, it is necessary to store a high-temperature heat source obtained from another process and to store cold heat, It can be said to be a connected coupling state.

Therefore, although the liquefaction, regeneration and power generation processes should be operated as designed, the theoretically calculated efficiency (the ratio of the power generation to the power input to the air liquefaction process) can be obtained. However, unlike other plants, Lt; / RTI >

In general gas plants, especially cryogenic liquefaction plants, it takes a lot of time to reach the steady state after operation.

Therefore, even if there is a large amount of energy loss in an abnormal state, since the period is very short compared to the normal operation time, the problem in the abnormal state does not appear much.

Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the system shown in FIG. 3, the intercooler 201 and the cooler 202 in the compression process of FIG. 3, the heater 301 and the reheater 302 in the power generation process Instead, it is necessary to find a way to utilize the heat source that can be obtained from the process.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an energy storage and power generation system and method by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air, .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hot thermal storage tank (HTS tank) for storing thermal energy generated from an air liquefaction process for compressing and cooling a sucked air a plurality of times and liquefying the sucked air. A cold thermal storage tank (hereinafter referred to as a CTS tank) for storing cold heat generated from a regeneration and power generation process for regenerating the air liquefied in the air liquefaction process and heating and expanding the air a plurality of times; An AHTS tank (AHTS tank) provided separately from the HTS tank for recovering part of the thermal energy generated in the air liquefaction process; And an auxiliary cold thermal storage tank (ACTS tank) provided separately from the CTS tank and collecting part of the cold heat generated from the regeneration and power generation process. It is possible to provide an energy storage and power generation system by regeneration and expansion processes.

The air cooling apparatus may further include an intermediate cooling heat exchanger and a cooling heat exchanger capable of heat-exchanging heat generated during the air liquefaction process, and a heating heat exchanger and a reheat heat exchanger capable of exchanging heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process, Wherein the AHTS tank comprises a first main cryogenic heat exchanger connected to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger and a second main cryogenic heat exchanger connected to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger and a vaporizer connected to the second main cryogenic heat exchanger, The ACTS tank is connected to the ACTS tank via a heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger and the ACTS tank is connected to the cooling heat exchanger and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger in comparison to the CTS tank directly connected to the vaporizer and the first main cryogenic heat exchanger Connected to the AHTS tank through It characterized.

In this case, an energy recovery pipe for recovering the heat energy generated in the compression process in the order of the cooling heat exchanger and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger, and an outlet side of the AHTS tank mounted on the outlet side energy recovery pipe A first three-way flow control valve disposed on the energy recovery pipe and connected to the pipeline connected to the first three-way flow control valve and branched from the energy recovery pipe to connect the HTS tank and the vaporizer And a first check valve mounted on the first energy branch pipe to prevent reverse flow of the heat fluid supplied from the AHTS tank to the vaporizer side.

A first stage turbine mounted on an outlet side of the heating heat exchanger and an inlet side piping of the reheat heat exchanger; a second stage turbine mounted on an outlet side piping of the reheat heat exchanger; A first circulation pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe and directed toward the ACTS tank through the heating heat exchanger, and a second circulation pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe and directed toward the ACTS tank, A second circulation pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe, joined to the first circulation pipe through the reheat heat exchanger, and then directed toward the CTS tank; and a second circulation pipe mounted on the first circulation pipe to regulate the flow rate into the heating heat exchanger A first flow control valve mounted on the second circulation pipe, Characterized by further comprising a second flow control valve to control the flow into the side of the heating heat exchanger.

The AHTS tank supplies a heat source to the heating heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger through the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve to increase the inlet temperature of each of the first stage turbine and the second stage turbine .

An energy recovery pipe that recovers cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process through the heating heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger; and an evaporator that is mounted on an outlet side of the ACTS tank mounted on the energy recovery pipe at the outlet side of the reheat heat exchanger A second three-way flow control valve disposed on the energy recovery pipe; a pipe connected to the second three-way flow control valve and branched from the energy recovery pipe to connect the CTS tank to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger; And a second check valve mounted on the second energy branch pipe to prevent reverse flow of the heat fluid supplied from the ACTS tank to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger side .

A first bypass pipe branched from a pipe connecting the HTS tank and the vaporizer and connected to the energy recovery pipe connecting the first three-way flow control valve and the ACTS tank; and a second bypass pipe branched from the HTS tank and the vaporizer A third flow rate control valve mounted on an outlet side of the HTS tank of the piping to control the flow rate of the heat fluid and a flow rate controller for controlling the flow rate of the heat fluid supplied from the HTS tank to the ACTS tank, And a fourth flow control valve for controlling the first flow control valve.

A second bypass pipe branched from a pipe connecting the CTS tank and the first main cryogenic temperature exchanger and connected to the energy recovery pipe connecting the second three-way flow control valve and the AHTS tank; A fifth flow control valve mounted on the CTS tank outlet side of the piping connecting the first main cryogenic heat exchanger to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger to control the flow rate of the heat fluid, And a sixth flow control valve for controlling the flow rate of the heat fluid supplied to the tank side.

A first on-off valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the intermediate cooling heat exchanger and the inlet side of the AHTS tank, for controlling ON / OFF of the flow of the heat fluid to the AHTS tank side; A second on-off valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the AHTS tank and the first three-way flow control valve for on / off control of the flow of the heat fluid from the AHTS tank, A third bypass pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the first cryogenic temperature heat exchanger and the inlet side of the AHTS tank and connected to a pipe connecting the first main cryogenic temperature heat exchanger and the inlet side of the HTS tank, And a fifth on-off valve mounted on the third bypass pipe for on / off-controlling the flow of the heat fluid to the inlet side of the HTS tank.

A third on-off valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the reheat heat exchanger and the inlet side of the ACTS tank, the third on / off valve for on / off controlling the flow of the heat fluid to the ACTS tank side; A fourth on-off valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the tank and the second three-way flow rate control valve for on / off-controlling the flow of the heat fluid from the ACTS tank, A fourth bypass pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe connecting the inlet of the CTS tank and the inlet of the ACTS tank and connected to a pipe connecting the vaporizer and the inlet of the CTS tank; And a sixth on-off valve for on / off-controlling the flow of the heat fluid to the inlet side of the CTS tank.

Meanwhile, the present invention stores heat energy generated from an air liquefaction process for liquefying the sucked air by compressing and cooling the sucked air a plurality of times in a hot thermal storage tank (HTS tank) The present invention relates to an energy storage and power generation method for use in an air liquefaction process by storing cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process in a cold thermal storage tank (CTS tank) Is separately provided from the HTS tank when the heat energy and the cold heat accumulated in the HTS tank and the CTS tank from the first main cryogenic temperature heat exchanger and the vaporizer, respectively, are lower than a set value in an abnormal operating condition in which the state is not maintained, An auxiliary HTS tank (Auxiliary Hot Thermal Storage Tan) that recovers some of the thermal energy generated in the air liquefaction process (hereinafter referred to as "Auxiliary Cold Thermal Storage Tank") which collects a part of the thermal energy in the CTS tank and collects a part of the cold heat generated from the CTS tank, , Hereinafter referred to as an ACTS tank), the AHTS tank complements the function of the HTS tank, and the ACTS tank compensates for the function of the CTS tank to provide the liquefaction, regeneration and power generation processes of the air And then returning the operation to the normal state. The method of liquefying, regenerating and expanding the air may also provide a method of storing and developing energy.

Here, the AHTS tank and the ACTS tank are each characterized in that they are in the form of a fuel or a fuel cell, which is a liquid or a gas or a solidified material having thermal energy and cold heat respectively, or is stored by energy conversion.

The sucked air may be pure air, hydrogen, nitrogen, or liquefied gas.

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the following effects can be achieved.

First, considering that the operating characteristics of the system according to the present invention is short within 20 hours and the operation time of the abnormal state is relatively long, the first main, which is greatly affected by heat and material equilibrium in the liquefaction, regeneration, The AHTS tank and the ACTS tank that are not directly connected to the circulation loop of the cryogenic heat exchanger and the second main cryogenic heat exchanger and the vaporizer are not significantly affected by the operating conditions of each process, It can be restored.

In particular, the fact that each process can be quickly restored to a normal state means that the AHTS tank and the ACTS tank are subjected to high temperature heat generated during the compression process even in the unsteady state of the plant in the liquefaction, regeneration and power generation processes, The heat supplied from the AHTS tank to the vaporizer side by the first three-way flow control valve and the first check valve ultimately assists the HTS tank, and the second This is because the cold heat supplied from the ACTS tank to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger by the three-way flow control valve and the second check valve ultimately serves to assist the CTS tank.

In addition, the AHTS tank contributes more heat energy to the heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger through the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve when the accumulated heat energy is large, thereby contributing to the increase of the inlet temperature of the first stage turbine and the second stage turbine And increase the amount of power generation.

According to the present invention, when the amount of heat obtained from the first main cryogenic heat exchanger is insufficient, the high-temperature heat generated during the compression process in the air liquefaction process is recovered through the intermediate cooling heat exchanger and the cooling heat exchanger to be stored in the AHTS tank, .

According to the present invention, when the cold heat obtained through the vaporizer in the regeneration and power generation process is insufficient, the cold heat obtained before and after the expansion of the turbine is recovered through the heat heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger, You will be able to plan.

Therefore, according to the system and method according to the present invention, from the viewpoint of operation control of the entire plant, it is possible to control the flow rate of the air sucked into the system and the operation temperature by using two control variables, i.e., the inlet temperature of each of the first- Flexibility, efficiency and versatility.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the overall configuration of an energy storage and power generation system by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an energy storage and power generation system by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the overall configuration of an energy storage and power generation system by general air liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion processes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and how to accomplish them, will become apparent by reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but may be embodied in various other forms.

The present embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the present invention is thoroughly disclosed and that those skilled in the art will fully understand the scope of the present invention.

And the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

Thus, in some embodiments, well known components, well known operations, and well-known techniques are not specifically described to avoid an undesirable interpretation of the present invention.

In addition, throughout the specification, like reference numerals refer to like elements, and the terms (mentioned) used herein are intended to illustrate the embodiments and not to limit the invention.

In this specification, the singular forms include plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and the constituents and acts referred to as " comprising (or comprising) " do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other constituents and actions .

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein may be used in a sense commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Also, commonly used predefined terms are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless they are defined.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a conceptual view illustrating an overall configuration of an energy storage and power generation system by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross- Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the overall configuration of an energy storage and power generation system by liquefaction, regeneration and expansion processes.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention mainly comprises a hot thermal storage tank 101, a cold thermal storage tank 102, a secondary HTS tank 102, 103, an Auxiliary Hot Thermal Storage Tank (hereinafter referred to as an AHTS tank), and an Auxiliary Cold Thermal Storage Tank (hereinafter referred to as an ACTS tank).

First, the HTS tank 101 stores heat energy generated from an air liquefaction process for liquefying the sucked air by compressing and cooling the sucked air a plurality of times.

The CTS tank 102 stores cold heat generated from the regeneration and power generation process for regenerating the air liquefied in the air liquefaction process and heating and expanding the gas a plurality of times.

The AHTS tank 103 is provided separately from the HTS tank 101 and collects part of the heat energy generated in the air liquefaction process.

In addition, the ACTS tank 104 is provided separately from the CTS tank 102 and recovers a part of the cold heat generated from the regeneration and power generation processes.

In other words, the present invention uses the surplus electrical energy in the air liquefaction process at a time when the available electrical energy is high, and stores the heat energy by making the liquid in a high pressure state. In the time when the available electrical energy is insufficient, The electric energy can be replenished by regenerating the liquefied gas and generating it.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a system and a method that can increase the electric energy that can be produced in the regeneration and power generation process, compared with the heat energy consumed in the air liquefaction process.

It is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

1, the present invention may further include an intermediate cooling heat exchanger 401 and a cooling heat exchanger 402 capable of heat-exchanging heat generated during the compression process during the air liquefaction process.

Further, the present invention may further include a heat exchanger 403 and a reheat heat exchanger 404 capable of heat-exchanging cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process.

Here, a first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 connected to the cooling heat exchanger 402, a second main cryogenic heat exchanger 407 connected to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406, and a second main cryogenic heat exchanger The AHTS tank 103 is connected to the ACTS tank 104 through the heating heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger 404 as compared to the vaporizer 405 connected to the ACTS tank 405 and the HTS tank 101 connected directly to the evaporator 405 .

Compared to the CTS tank 102 directly connected to the vaporizer 405 and the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406, the ACTS tank 104 is connected to the cooling heat exchanger 402 and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger 401, And the AHTS tank 103 is connected to the AHTS tank 103 through the AHTS tank 103.

That is, the AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 104 are connected to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 and the second main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 in the liquefaction, regeneration and power generation processes unlike the HTS tank 101 and the CTS tank 102, Is not directly connected to the vaporizer 407 and the vaporizer 405, so that it is not significantly affected by operating conditions according to each process.

In the meantime, according to the present invention, an energy recovery pipe 900 for recovering heat energy generated in a compression process in the order of a cooling heat exchanger 402 and an intermediate cooling heat exchanger 401, And a first three-way flow control valve 501 mounted on the energy return pipe 900 mounted on the outlet side of the AHTS tank 103 mounted on the pipe 900.

The first energy branch pipe 911 connected to the first three-way flow control valve 501 and branched from the energy recovery pipe 900 and connected to the pipe connecting the HTS tank 101 and the carburetor 405, And a first check valve 601 mounted on the first energy branch pipe 911 to prevent reverse flow of the heat fluid supplied from the AHTS tank 103 to the vaporizer 405 side Of course.

Here, the AHTS tank 103 recovers the high-temperature heat generated during the compression process in the order of the cooling heat exchanger 402 and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger 401, and the first three-way flow control valve 501 and the first check valve 601 to the side of the carburetor 405 to perform the auxiliary function of the HTS tank 101. [

That is, in the method of utilizing the recovered heat, the heat fluid supply relationship described above is such that energy is firstly supplied to the HTS tank 101 side by the first three-way flow control valve 501 and the first check valve 601 So that each process can be quickly restored to the normal state.

On the other hand, the present invention is characterized in that the first stage turbine 403t mounted on the outlet side of the heating heat exchanger 403 and the inlet side piping of the reheat heat exchanger 404 and the first stage turbine 403t mounted on the outlet side piping of the reheat heat exchanger 404 And a second-stage turbine 404t.

Here, the energy recovery pipe 900 recovers heat energy generated in the compression process in the order of the cooling heat exchanger 402 and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger 401, and transfers it to the ACTS tank 104 side.

At this time, the present invention includes a first circulation pipe 921 branched from the energy recovery pipe 900 and directed to the ACTS tank 104 side through the heating heat exchanger 403, and a second circulation pipe 921 branched from the energy recovery pipe 900, And a second circulation pipe 922 joined to the first swirl pipe 921 through the first circulation pipe 404 and then toward the CTS tank 102 side.

The present invention further includes a first flow rate control valve 801 mounted on the first circulation pipe 921 for regulating the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger 403 side and a second flow rate control valve 801 mounted on the second circulation pipe 922, And a second flow control valve 802 for controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant to the heat exchanger 404 side.

Here, the AHTS tank 103 supplies the heat source to the heating heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger 404 via the first flow control valve 801 and the second flow control valve 802, respectively, Stage turbine 403t and the second-stage turbine 404t, respectively.

That is, the above-described heat fluid supply relationship is obtained by firstly controlling the flow rate of the heat from the AHTS tank 103 to the first three-way flow control valve 501, the heating heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger Stage turbine 403t and the second-stage turbine 404t by regulating the amount of heat fluid supplied through the first flow control valve 801 and the second flow control valve 802 at the inlet side .

Thus, the two separate AHTS tank 103 and ACTS tank 104 can control the production volume of the liquefied gas and the inlet temperature control of each of the first stage turbine 403t and the second stage turbine 404t, I.e., the flow rate of the inhaled air, and the inlet temperature of each of the first stage turbine 403t and the second stage turbine 404t, thereby improving flexibility and efficiency in operation of the plant.

In addition, the present invention can provide a method for increasing the energy efficiency of the system according to the present invention, which has a high ratio of operation time of the abnormal state to the steady state operation time, since the operation time is not one day. The following description will be given.

On the other hand, the energy recovery pipe 900 forms a path through which the cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process is recovered through the heating heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger 404.

The present invention is characterized in that it is mounted on the outlet side of the ACTS tank 104 mounted on the outlet-side energy recovery pipe 900 of the reheat heat exchanger 404, A valve 502 may be further provided.

The second cryogenic heat exchanger 406 is connected to the second three-way flow control valve 502. The second cryogenic heat exchanger 406 is branched from the energy recovery pipe 900, And may further include an energy branch pipe 912.

The present invention also includes a second check valve 602 mounted on the second energy branch 912 to prevent reverse flow of the heat fluid supplied from the ACTS tank 104 to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 side, ) May be further provided.

Here, the ACTS tank 104 recovers the cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process in the order of the heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger 404 in order of the second three-way flow control valve 502 and the second check valve 602 to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 side to perform the auxiliary function of the CTS tank 102. [

That is, the above-described heat fluid supply relationship is such that the energy is primarily supplied to the CTS tank 102 side by the second three-way flow control valve 502 and the second check valve 602 in the method utilizing the recovered heat So that each process can be quickly restored to the normal state.

When the operation rate of the AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 104 is less than the set value after the operation of the plant according to the present invention reaches the normal state, The system may be operated by the system of FIG. 2 having a bypass function so that the CTS tank 102 replaces the CTS tank 102 and the role of the ACTS tank 104 is replaced by the CTS tank 102.

2, an energy recovery pipe 900 branched from a pipe connecting the HTS tank 101 and the vaporizer 405 and connecting the first three-way flow control valve 501 and the ACTS tank 104 is connected The first bypass pipe 931 may be provided.

A third flow control valve 803 is mounted on the outlet side of the HTS tank 101 of the piping connecting the HTS tank 101 and the vaporizer 405 to control the flow rate of the heat fluid. And a fourth flow control valve 804 mounted on the path piping 931 to control the flow rate of the heat fluid supplied from the HTS tank 101 to the ACTS tank 104 side.

The present invention is also applicable to an energy recovery pipe 900 that branches from a pipe connecting the CTS tank 102 and the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 and connects the second three-way flow control valve 502 and the AHTS tank 103 And a second bypass pipe 932 connected to the second bypass pipe 932.

The fifth flow control valve 805 is installed on the outlet side of the CTS tank 102 of the pipe connecting the CTS tank 102 and the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 to control the flow rate of the heat fluid. And a sixth flow control valve 806 mounted on the second bypass pipe 932 for controlling the flow rate of the heat fluid supplied from the CTS tank 102 to the AHTS tank 103 side .

The present invention is mounted on an energy recovery pipe 900 that connects the outlet side of the intermediate cooling heat exchanger 401 and the inlet side of the AHTS tank 103 and controls the flow of heat fluid to the AHTS tank 103 side Closing control valve 701 for controlling the opening / closing of the valve.

The present invention is mounted on an energy recovery pipe 900 connecting the outlet side of the AHTS tank 103 and the first three-way flow control valve 501 and controls the flow of heat fluid from the AHTS tank 103 to the on / Closing control valve 702 for controlling the opening and closing of the valve.

The present invention is branched from the energy recovery pipe 900 connecting the outlet side of the intermediate cooling heat exchanger 401 and the inlet side of the AHTS tank 103 and is connected to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 and the HTS tank And a third bypass pipe 933 connected to a pipe connecting the inlet side of the first bypass pipe 101.

The present invention may further comprise a fifth opening / closing valve 705 mounted on the third bypass pipe 933 for on / off-controlling the flow of the heat fluid to the inlet side of the HTS tank 101.

The present invention is mounted on an energy recovery pipe 900 that connects the outlet side of the reheat heat exchanger 404 and the inlet side of the ACTS tank 104 and controls the flow of heat fluid to the ACTS tank 104 side on / Off control valve 703 for controlling the opening and closing of the valve.

The present invention is mounted on an energy recovery pipe 900 that connects the outlet side of the ACTS tank 104 and the second three-way flow control valve 502 and controls the flow of heat fluid from the ACTS tank 104 to the on / Closing control valve 704 for controlling the opening and closing of the valve.

The present invention is also applicable to the case where the inlet of the vaporizer 405 and the inlet of the CTS tank 102 is branched from the energy recovery pipe 900 connecting the outlet side of the reheat heat exchanger 404 and the inlet side of the ACTS tank 104 And a fourth bypass pipe 934 connected to the pipe to be connected.

In addition, the present invention may further include a sixth opening / closing valve 706 mounted on the fourth bypass pipe 934 to turn on / off the flow of the heat fluid to the inlet side of the CTS tank 102.

Therefore, a driving method based on the bypass structure will be briefly described as follows.

Specifically, first, the fifth on-off valve 705 and the sixth on-off valve 706 are opened (ON) to open the flow paths of the third bypass pipe 933 and the fourth bypass pipe 934 The AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 703 are closed by turning off the first on-off valve 701, the second on-off valve 702, the third on-off valve 703 and the fourth on- 104).

Here, the HTS tank 101 may perform the role of the AHTS tank 103 by appropriately adjusting the opening degrees of the third flow control valve 803 and the fourth flow control valve 804.

At this time, by suitably adjusting the opening degrees of the fifth flow control valve 805 and the sixth flow control valve 806, the CTS tank 102 can perform the role of the ACTS tank 104.

1 and 2, a brief description will now be made of the energy storage and power generation method using the energy storage and power generation system by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The heat energy and the cold heat accumulated in the HTS tank 101 and the CTS tank 102 from the first main cryogenic temperature heat exchanger 406 and the vaporizer 405, respectively, under the operating conditions of an abnormal condition in which the equilibrium state of heat and the substance are not maintained The AHTS tank 103 is provided separately from the HTS tank 101 and accumulates a part of the thermal energy in the AHTS tank 103 that recovers a part of the thermal energy generated in the air liquefaction process.

At the same time, the ACTS tank 104 is provided separately from the CTS tank 102, and collects and accumulates a part of the cold heat generated from the regeneration and power generation processes.

As a result, the AHTS tank 103 complements the function of the HTS tank 101, and the ACTS tank 104 compensates for the function of the CTS tank 102, so that operation leading to liquefaction, regeneration, State.

That is, the AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 104 supplement and supplement the functions of the HTS tank 101 and the CTS tank 102, respectively, so that the energy by the liquefaction, regeneration, It can help the plant's operation, including storage and power generation, to reach its normal state quickly.

In other words, the energy storage and power generation method according to the present invention uses the heat energy generated in the compression process beyond the limit of the existing system including the prior art that depends only on the flow rate of the air to be vaporized from the viewpoint of the generation amount into the AHTS tank 103 And this heat energy may be transferred to the heating heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger 404 through the first three-way flow control valve 501 as a heat source.

Therefore, it is possible to control the inlet temperature of the first stage turbine 403t and the second stage turbine 404t as well as the vaporization amount of the liquefied air, so that two control variables, namely, the flow rate of the AHTS tank 103, The power generation amount can also be controlled by controlling the flow rate of the steam.

On the other hand, what is stored in the AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 104 may be a liquid or a gas or a solidified material each having thermal energy and cold heat, or a fuel or a fuel cell stored by energy conversion have.

That is, the material having thermal energy and cold stored in the AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 104 may be in the form of a liquid or a gas, may be stored in a solidified material, But may be of various forms, including those stored by energy conversion methods, i. E. No limitations on energy storage means.

Meanwhile, the air sucked into the system of the present invention may be pure air, hydrogen, nitrogen, or a gas capable of liquefying and storing energy.

That is, the air used in the energy storage and power generation system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention may be pure air, or may include hydrogen, nitrogen, or a mixed gas of various materials, It will contain all the gases.

Hereinafter, the functions and effects of the energy storage and power generation system by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described as follows.

First, considering that the operating characteristics of the system according to the present invention is short within 20 hours and the operation time of the abnormal state is relatively long, the first main, which is greatly affected by heat and material equilibrium in the liquefaction, regeneration, The AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 104, which are not directly connected to the circulation loop of the cryogenic heat exchanger 406 and the second main cryogenic heat exchanger 407 and the vaporizer 405, Since they are not greatly affected by the conditions, each process can be quickly restored to a normal state.

In particular, the fact that each process can be restored to a steady state quickly can be attributed to the fact that the AHTS tank 103 and the ACTS tank 104 are generated in the liquefaction, regeneration, and power generation processes, It is possible to completely recover the heat generated by the high temperature heat and the heat before and after the expansion of the first and second turbines 403t and 404t and to remove the AHTS by the first three-way flow control valve 501 and the first check valve 601. [ The heat supplied from the tank 103 to the evaporator 405 ultimately assists the HTS tank 101 and the second three-way flow control valve 502 and the second check valve 602 serve to assist the HTS tank 101 104 to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger 406 side ultimately assists the CTS tank 102.

The AHTS tank 103 is connected to the heating heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger 404 through the first flow control valve 801 and the second flow control valve 802 when the stored heat energy is large, Thereby contributing to the temperature rise at the inlet of the first stage turbine 403t and the second stage turbine 404t, thereby increasing the power generation amount.

According to the present invention, when the amount of heat obtained by the first main cryogenic temperature heat exchanger (406) is insufficient, the high temperature heat generated in the compression process during the air liquefaction process is passed through the intermediate cooling heat exchanger (402) ) To be stored in the AHTS tank 103 so as to efficiently manage the thermal energy.

According to the present invention, when the cold heat obtained through the carburetor 405 is insufficient in the regeneration and power generation process, the cold heat obtained in the process before and after the expansion of the turbine is recovered through the heat exchanger 403 and the reheat heat exchanger 404 So that it can be stored in the ACTS tank 104 for efficient management of cold and heat.

Therefore, according to the system and method according to the present invention, the flow rate of the air sucked into the system and the inlet temperature of each of the first-stage turbine 403t and the second-stage turbine 404t, It will be possible to increase operational flexibility, efficiency and versatility with control variables.

As described above, the present invention provides a system and method for storing and generating energy by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air, which can take an effective use of a heat source obtained for each process. .

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other modifications and applications are possible within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention.

101 ... High temperature heat source storage tank (HTS tank)
102 ... Cold storage tank (CTS tank)
103 ... Auxiliary HTS tank (AHTS tank)
104 ... Secondary CTS tank (ACTS tank)
201 ... Intermediate cooler
202 ... cooler
301 ... heater
302 ... reheating
401 ... Intermediate cooling heat exchanger
402 ... cooling heat exchanger
403 ... heating heat exchanger
403t ... 1st stage turbine
404 ... reheat heat exchanger
404t ... Two-stage turbine
405 ... carburetor
406 ... first main cryogenic heat exchanger
407 ... 2nd main cryogenic heat exchanger
501 ... First three-way flow control valve
502 ... second three-way flow control valve
601 ... first check valve
602 ... second check valve
701 ... first opening / closing valve
702 ... second opening / closing valve
703 ... third opening / closing valve
704 ... fourth opening / closing valve
705 ... fifth opening / closing valve
706 ... sixth opening / closing valve
801 ... first flow control valve
802 ... second flow control valve
803 ... third flow control valve
804 ... fourth flow control valve
805 ... fifth flow control valve
806 ... sixth flow control valve
900 ... Energy recovery piping
911 ... 1st energy branch
912 ... 2nd energy branch
921 ... first turning piping
922 ... 2nd turn piping
931 ... first bypass piping
932 ... second bypass piping
933 ... third bypass piping
934 ... fourth bypass piping

Claims (15)

A hot thermal storage tank (HTS tank) for storing thermal energy generated from an air liquefaction process for compressing and cooling the sucked air a plurality of times and liquefying the same;
A cold thermal storage tank (hereinafter referred to as a CTS tank) for storing cold heat generated from a regeneration and power generation process for regenerating the air liquefied in the air liquefaction process and heating and expanding the air a plurality of times;
An AHTS tank (AHTS tank) provided separately from the HTS tank for recovering part of the thermal energy generated in the air liquefaction process; And
And an auxiliary cold thermal storage tank (hereinafter referred to as an ACTS tank) provided separately from the CTS tank for recovering a part of the cold generated from the regeneration and power generation process,
An intermediate cooling heat exchanger capable of heat-exchanging heat generated during compression during the air liquefaction process; And a cooling heat exchanger;
A heating heat exchanger capable of heat-exchanging cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process; And a reheat heat exchanger,
The HTS tank may include a first main cryogenic heat exchanger connected to the cooling heat exchanger, a second main cryogenic heat exchanger connected to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger, and a second main cryogenic heat exchanger connected directly to the carburetor connected to the second main cryogenic heat exchanger. And,
The AHTS tank is connected to the ACTS tank through the heating heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger,
The CTS tank is directly connected to the vaporizer and the first main cryogenic heat exchanger,
Wherein the ACTS tank is connected to the AHTS tank through the cooling heat exchanger and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger, the energy storage and generation system by liquefaction, regeneration and expansion of air.
delete The method according to claim 1,
An energy recovery pipe for recovering thermal energy generated in the compression process in the order of the cooling heat exchanger and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger;
A first three-way flow control valve mounted on an exit side of the AHTS tank mounted on the energy recovery pipe at the outlet of the intermediate cooling heat exchanger and disposed on the energy recovery pipe;
A first energy distribution pipe connected to the first three-way flow control valve and branched from the energy recovery pipe and connected to a pipe connecting the HTS tank and the vaporizer; And
And a first check valve mounted on the first energy splitter to prevent reverse flow of the heat fluid supplied from the AHTS tank to the vaporizer side, Storage and power generation systems.
The method according to claim 1,
A first stage turbine mounted on an outlet side of the heating heat exchanger and an inlet side piping of the reheat heat exchanger;
A two-stage turbine mounted on an outlet side piping of the reheat heat exchanger;
An energy recovery pipe for recovering thermal energy generated in the compression process in the order of the cooling heat exchanger and the intermediate cooling heat exchanger and transferring the heat energy to the ACTS tank side;
A first circulation pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe and directed to the ACTS tank side through the heating heat exchanger;
A second circulation pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe, merged with the first circulation pipe through the reheat heat exchanger, and then directed toward the CTS tank;
A first flow control valve mounted on the first circulation pipe for regulating a flow rate entering the heating heat exchanger; And
And a second flow control valve mounted on the second circulation pipe for regulating a flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the reheat heat exchanger.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein the AHTS tank supplies a heat source to the heating heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger through the first flow control valve and the second flow control valve to increase the inlet temperature of each of the first stage turbine and the second stage turbine , Energy storage and generation system by air liquefaction, regeneration and expansion processes.
The method according to claim 1,
An energy recovery pipe for recovering cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process through the heating heat exchanger and the reheat heat exchanger;
A second three-way flow control valve mounted on an outlet side of the ACTS tank mounted on the energy return pipe at an outlet side of the reheat heat exchanger and disposed on the energy return pipe;
A second energy distribution pipe connected to the second three-way flow control valve and branched from the energy recovery pipe and connected to a pipe connecting the CTS tank and the first main cryogenic heat exchanger; And
And a second check valve mounted on the second energy splitter to prevent reverse flow of the heat fluid supplied from the ACTS tank to the first main cryogenic heat exchanger side, Energy storage and power generation system by expansion process.
The method of claim 3,
A first bypass pipe branched from a pipe connecting the HTS tank and the vaporizer and connected to the energy recovery pipe connecting the first three-way flow control valve and the ACTS tank;
A third flow control valve mounted on an outlet side of the HTS tank of the piping connecting the HTS tank and the vaporizer to control the flow rate of the heat fluid; And
And a fourth flow control valve mounted on the first bypass piping and controlling a flow rate of a heat fluid supplied from the HTS tank to the ACTS tank side, wherein the fourth flow control valve controls the flow rate of the energy by the liquefaction, regeneration, Storage and power generation systems.
The method of claim 6,
A second bypass pipe branched from a pipe connecting the CTS tank and the first main cryogenic heat exchanger and connected to the energy recovery pipe connecting the second three-way flow control valve and the AHTS tank;
A fifth flow control valve mounted on an outlet side of the CTS tank of the piping connecting the CTS tank and the first main cryogenic temperature exchanger to control the flow rate of the heat fluid;
A sixth flow control valve mounted on the second bypass pipe for controlling a flow rate of the heat fluid supplied from the CTS tank to the AHTS tank side; Further comprising an energy storage and generation system by liquefaction, regeneration and expansion processes of the air.
The method of claim 3,
A first opening / closing valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the intermediate cooling heat exchanger and the inlet side of the AHTS tank, the ON / OFF valve controlling on / off flow of the heat fluid to the AHTS tank side;
A second on-off valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet of the AHTS tank and the first three-way flow control valve, for on / off-controlling the flow of heat fluid from the AHTS tank;
A third bypass which branches from the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the intermediate cooling heat exchanger and the inlet side of the AHTS tank and is connected to a pipe connecting the first main cryogenic heat exchanger and the inlet side of the HTS tank, pipe; And
And a fifth on-off valve mounted on the third bypass pipe for on / off-controlling the flow of the heat fluid to the inlet side of the HTS tank. Power generation system.
The method of claim 6,
A third on-off valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the reheat heat exchanger and the inlet side of the ACTS tank, the third on-off valve controlling on / off flow of the heat fluid to the ACTS tank side;
A fourth on-off valve mounted on the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet of the ACTS tank and the second three-way flow control valve, for controlling on / off flow of the heat fluid from the ACTS tank;
A fourth bypass pipe branched from the energy recovery pipe connecting the outlet side of the reheat heat exchanger and the inlet side of the ACTS tank and connected to a pipe connecting the vaporizer and the inlet side of the CTS tank; And
And a sixth on-off valve mounted on the fourth bypass pipe for on / off-controlling the flow of the heat fluid to the inlet side of the CTS tank, wherein the sixth on-off valve controls the energy storage by the liquefaction, regeneration, Power generation system.
The method according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 10,
Stored in the AHTS tank and the ACTS tank are liquids, gases and solidified materials each having thermal energy and cold heat, or liquids, regasification and re-circulation of air, including forms of fuel or fuel cells stored by energy conversion, Energy storage and power generation system by expansion process.
The method according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 10,
Wherein the inhaled air is a gas capable of storing energy by pure air, hydrogen, nitrogen, or liquefying, the energy storage and generation system by liquefaction, regeneration, and expansion of air.
Heat energy generated from an air liquefaction process for liquefying and liquefying the sucked air a plurality of times is stored in a hot thermal storage tank (HTS tank), the thermal energy is used in the regeneration and power generation process, The energy storage and power generation method for storing cold heat generated in the regeneration and power generation process in a cold thermal storage tank (CTS tank) for use in the air liquefaction process,
When the heat energy and the cold heat accumulated in the HTS tank and the CTS tank from the first main cryogenic temperature heat exchanger and the vaporizer respectively are equal to or lower than the set values in an abnormal operating condition in which the equilibrium state of heat and matter is not maintained,
A part of the thermal energy is accumulated in an auxiliary hot storage tank (AHTS tank) separately provided from the HTS tank and recovering part of the heat energy generated in the air liquefaction process,
A portion of the cold heat is accumulated in an auxiliary cold thermal storage tank (ACTS tank) separately provided from the CTS tank and collecting part of the cold heat generated from the regeneration and power generation process,
The HTS tank and the CTS tank are directly connected to the first main heat exchanger and the vaporizer,
The AHTS tank and the ACTS tank are indirectly connected through a heat exchanger using thermal energy accumulated in the HTS tank and the CTS tank in the air liquefaction process and the regeneration and power generation process,
Wherein the ATS tank replenishes the function of the HTS tank and the ACTS tank compensates for the function of the CTS tank so as to return the operation to the liquefaction, Energy storage and generation method by regeneration and expansion process.
14. The method of claim 13,
Stored in the AHTS tank and the ACTS tank are liquids, gases and solidified materials each having thermal energy and cold heat, or liquids, regasification and re-circulation of air, including forms of fuel or fuel cells stored by energy conversion, Energy storage and generation by expansion process.
14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the inhaled air is a gas capable of storing energy by pure air, hydrogen, nitrogen, or liquefying, and liquefying, regenerating and expanding the air.

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