KR101972325B1 - Apparatus and method for diagnosing breakdown of switchgear - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for diagnosing a breakdown of a breaker, and a fault diagnosis apparatus for a breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a sensor unit for detecting a partial discharge and a leakage current of the breaker; A partial discharge measuring unit for measuring a magnitude of the sensed partial discharge; A leakage current measuring unit for measuring a magnitude of the sensed leakage current; And a failure determination unit for determining a failure level of the switch using the measured magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING BREAKDOWN OF SWITCHGEAR [0002]

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for diagnosing faults of switches, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for fault diagnosis of switches using a partial discharge magnitude and a leakage current magnitude of a switch, The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for diagnosing a breakdown of a switch for predicting a breakdown and notifying the breakdown center.

The switchgear is installed in the processing power distribution line, and it is used for opening and closing the power distribution line when the power failure recovery, the cease work, and the load switching are necessary.

The use of such switches has been rapidly increasing due to the increase in electric power demand. In addition, the safety performance and quality of the aged equipment are required to be secured.

If a metal breaks into the inside of the machine or an insulation fault occurs due to a defect in the insulation, partial discharge occurs at the abnormal part, and mechanical deterioration is caused, resulting in dielectric breakdown.

In the case where the switch is installed in the residential area, there is a fear that an explosion accident may occur due to the breakdown of the switch, and it may cause inconvenience according to the power failure state due to the breakdown of the switch. These switches cause a power failure due to internal faults such as external bushing cracks, body burnout, malfunction of mold connec- tion, etc.

For this reason, it is necessary to grasp the fault condition accurately and repair it promptly.

However, in the case of assuming that one switch is installed per pole, it is not efficient in diagnosing an unspecified switch indiscriminately, and there is a limit in managing all switches.

Therefore, in order to efficiently manage failures caused by failures and facility diagnoses, it is necessary to develop a technology capable of predicting an abnormal state of a device and predicting a failure.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0885847 (Registered on February 20, 2009)

It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for estimating a breakdown of a switchgear by determining the degree of failure of the switchgear A fault diagnosis apparatus and a method thereof.

A fault diagnosis apparatus for a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a sensor unit for detecting a partial discharge signal and a leakage current signal of the switch; A partial discharge measuring unit for measuring a magnitude of the sensed partial discharge signal; A leakage current measuring unit for measuring a magnitude of the sensed leakage current signal; And a failure determination unit for determining a failure level of the switch using the measured magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current, wherein the failure determination unit determines Wherein the frequency of the partial discharge signal is a high frequency band and the frequency of the leakage current signal is a frequency of the leakage current signal, The band may be a commercial frequency band.

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The matrix may be set through data processing and judgment techniques for a large amount of experimental data collected from a switch in a steady state, a switch disconnected from a defect, or an artificially generated switch.

The failure determination unit may distinguish between an internal discharge and an external discharge in consideration of the directionality of the partial discharge signal.

The sensor unit may include an HFCT sensor for detecting a partial discharge of the switch and a leakage current sensor for sensing a leakage current of the switch.

Wherein the partial discharge measuring unit comprises: a first filter unit for filtering a signal of an ambient noise source in a frequency band of the partial discharge signal; A first amplifying unit for amplifying the filtered partial discharge magnitude through the first filter unit; A peak detector for detecting a maximum value of the amplified partial discharge; And an A / D converter for converting the maximum value of the detected partial discharge from an analog signal to a digital signal.

Wherein the leakage current measuring unit comprises: a second filter unit for filtering a signal of an ambient noise source in a frequency band of the leakage current signal; A second amplifying unit for amplifying the filtered leakage current magnitude through the second filter unit; And a current measuring unit for measuring an effective value of the amplified leakage current.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the communication unit may further include a communication unit for transmitting a determination result of the degree of failure of the switch to a control center.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of diagnosing faults in a switch, the method comprising: detecting a partial discharge signal and a leakage current signal of the switch; Measuring a magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current of the switch according to the detection result; And determining the degree of failure of the switch using the measured magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current, wherein the step of determining includes the step of determining, based on a correlation between the partial discharge and the leakage current, Wherein the frequency of the partial discharge signal is a high frequency band and the frequency band of the leakage current signal is a commercial frequency Frequency band.

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The determining step may include discriminating an internal discharge and an external discharge in consideration of the directionality of the partial discharge signal.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include transmitting a determination result of the degree of failure of the switch to the control center.

According to the present invention, by determining the degree of failure (failure status grade, estimated replacement period) of the switch by using the magnitude of the partial discharge of the switch and the magnitude of the leakage current, the breaker can be predicted in advance and informed to the control center.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fault diagnosis apparatus for a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration of the fault diagnosis apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG.
3 is a diagram for explaining a failure degree determination matrix,
4 is a view for explaining a type of partial discharge generation,
5 is a diagram illustrating a method for diagnosing a failure of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description and the accompanying drawings, detailed description of well-known functions or constructions that may obscure the subject matter of the present invention will be omitted. It should be noted that the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals as possible throughout the drawings.

The terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed in an ordinary or dictionary sense, and the inventor shall properly define the terms of his invention in the best way possible It should be construed as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the technical ideas of the present invention are described. Therefore, It is to be understood that equivalents and modifications are possible.

In the accompanying drawings, some of the elements are exaggerated, omitted or schematically shown, and the size of each element does not entirely reflect the actual size. The invention is not limited by the relative size or spacing depicted in the accompanying drawings.

When an element is referred to as " including " an element throughout the specification, it is to be understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Also, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another part in between.

The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It will be understood that terms such as " comprise " or " comprise ", when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, , But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, components, or combinations thereof.

Also, as used herein, the term " part " refers to a hardware component such as software, FPGA or ASIC, and " part " However, " part " is not meant to be limited to software or hardware. &Quot; Part " may be configured to reside on an addressable storage medium and may be configured to play back one or more processors. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, " part (s) " refers to components such as software components, object oriented software components, class components and task components, and processes, Subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuitry, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays and variables. The functions provided in the components and " parts " may be combined into a smaller number of components and " parts " or further separated into additional components and " parts ".

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fault diagnosis apparatus for a switch according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

1, a fault diagnosis apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as a "fault diagnosis apparatus") 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fault diagnosis apparatus 100 for detecting a fault of a switch 10 installed on a processing distribution line Diagnose and notify the manager remotely.

Here, the switchgear 10 may be a load switch used for opening and closing by a distribution line installed in the 22.9 kV-y processed distribution line.

When the electric field of the main circuit part (conductor part) and the ground part is locally concentrated due to internal or external factors, the switch 10 generates a partial discharge. Here, typical discharge power is void, interfacial discharge (side surface), and air discharge (corona). As described above, when the partial discharge occurs in the switch 10, the insulator is carbonized at the site where the partial discharge occurs. Thereafter, when the area of the carbonized portion increases and the amount of partial discharge increases, the switch 10 leads to dielectric breakdown (failure).

The switchgear 10 can check the insulation state through the shockwave voltage withstand voltage test, the commercial frequency withstand voltage test, the partial discharge test, and the insulation resistance measurement test. However, when it is desired to check the insulation state of the switch 10 in the operating state, only the partial discharge test is possible.

Accordingly, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 measures the partial discharge size of the switch 10 and confirms the insulation state of the switch 10. That is, the failure diagnosis apparatus 100 can predict the possibility of dielectric breakdown by measuring the change in the amount of partial discharge charge.

However, when the size of the partial discharge increases, the switch 10 is carbonized. At this time, the greater the degree of carbonization in the discharge portion of the switch 10, the greater the magnitude of the leakage current. In other words, the deterioration of the insulation state of the switch 10 is caused by a decrease in the insulation state between the conductor portion and the ground portion of the switch 10, accompanied by an increase in leakage current at the same ground voltage (13.2 kV).

Accordingly, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 also measures the magnitude of the leakage current associated with the degree of carbonization shown in the discharge portion of the switch 10 as well as the magnitude of the partial discharge, thereby diagnosing the degree of failure of the switch 10. In this case, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 does not check whether a breakdown occurs in the breaker 10, but distinguishes the breakdown state of the breaker 10 by grade such as normal, Expected replacement time can be expected.

In addition, the frequency band of the partial discharge is a high frequency band, and the frequency band of the leakage current is a commercial frequency (60 Hz) band.

When the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 detects that the magnitudes of the partial discharge and the leakage current are simultaneously increased through the parallel measurement of the high frequency and the low frequency band, the external diagnostic apparatus 100 may detect the external noise and the partial discharge generated from the peripheral equipment 20 of the switch 10 The failure of the switch 10 can be predicted. Here, the peripheral equipment 20 may be an insulator, a wire, an LA, a COS, or the like.

In order to diagnose the degree of failure of the switch 10, the failure diagnostic apparatus 100 may be provided with reference information related to the correlation between the magnitude of the partial discharge and the magnitude of the leakage current from the control center (not shown in the drawing).

The control center can conduct a big data analysis using collected data on the partial discharge and leakage current magnitudes measured by the switch 10 installed in various regions. Accordingly, the control center can derive reference information for diagnosing the degree of failure of the switch 10 through the magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current measured by the switch 10.

On the other hand, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 can confirm whether a partial discharge is generated in the switch 10 or whether a partial discharge is generated on the outside of the switch 10, that is, the peripheral equipment 20. A detailed description thereof will be made with reference to FIG. 3 to be described later.

Hereinafter, the detailed configuration of the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the fault diagnosis apparatus of FIG. 1. Referring to FIG.

2, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 includes a sensor unit 110, a partial discharge measurement unit 120, a leakage current measurement unit 130, a failure determination unit 140, and a communication unit 150.

The sensor unit 110 includes an HFCT sensor 111 for detecting a partial discharge and a leakage current sensor 112 for detecting a leakage current. That is, the HFCT sensor 111 is a high frequency current transformer sensor, and detects a high frequency current by an electromagnetic induction method. The leakage current sensor 112 senses a leakage current in the enclosure 10 of the switch 10 by a grounding current diagnosis technique.

The partial discharge measuring unit 120 measures the magnitude of the partial discharge sensed by the HFCT sensor 111 of the sensor unit 110. The partial discharge measuring unit 120 includes a first filter unit 121, a first amplifying unit 122, a peak detecting unit 123, and an A / D converting unit 124.

The first filter unit 121 filters signals of a surrounding noise source such as a public wave or a mobile phone in a frequency band (high frequency band) of the partial discharge. The first filter unit 121 filters the frequency band of 1 to 50 MHz.

The first amplifying unit 122 amplifies the partial discharge magnitude that has passed through the first filter unit 121 in a measurable state.

The peak detector 124 detects a peak value of a partial discharge which is amplified by the first amplifier 122 and appears instantaneously.

Here, the method of measuring the area of the switch 10 when measuring the partial discharge is accurate, but the maximum value of the partial discharge is detected using the peak detector 123 considering the fact that the area measuring method is expensive.

The A / D converting unit 124 converts the maximum value of the partial discharge detected by the peak detecting unit 123 from an analog signal to a digital signal, and transmits the digital signal to the failure determining unit 140.

Meanwhile, the leakage current measuring unit 130 measures the magnitude of the leakage current sensed by the leakage current sensor 112 of the sensor unit 110 (i.e., the effective value of the leakage current).

The leakage current measuring unit 130 includes a second filter unit 131, a second amplifying unit 132, and a current measuring unit 133.

The second filter unit 131 filters the signal of the ambient noise source in the frequency band (low frequency band) of the leakage current. The second filter unit 131 filters a frequency band of 1 kHz or less.

The second amplifying unit 132 amplifies the leakage current magnitude that has passed through the second filter unit 131 in a measurable state.

The current measuring unit 133 measures the root mean square (RMS) of the leakage current amplified by the second amplifying unit 132. At this time, the current measuring unit 133 transmits the effective value of the leakage current to the failure determining unit 140.

The failure determination unit 140 determines the failure level of the switch 10 based on the partial discharge size transmitted from the partial discharge measurement unit 120 and the leakage current size transmitted from the leakage current measurement unit 130 , Estimated replacement time).

In this case, the failure determination unit 140 sets a matrix for determining the degree of failure in consideration of the correlation between the partial discharge and the leakage current magnitude, as shown in FIG. This matrix can be used for data processing and judgment techniques for large amounts of experimental data (measured values) collected from a steady state switch 10, a disconnected switch 10, an artificially generated switch 10, For example, an analysis method using artificial intelligence). Fig. 3 is a diagram for explaining a failure degree determination matrix. Fig.

Referring to FIG. 3, the matrix may be classified into a class (that is, normal, attention risk) of the failure state of the switch 10 according to the correlation between the partial discharge and the leakage current magnitude. That is, in the first quadrant, the breakdown status grade of the breaker 10 is' dangerous'. In the second and fourth quadrants, the breakdown condition rating of the breaker 10 is' This is 'normal'. Also, the matrix can confirm the estimated replacement time of the switch 10.

The failure determining unit 140 determines the intersection of the magnitude of the partial discharge transmitted from the partial discharge measuring unit 120 and the leakage current transmitted from the leakage current measuring unit 130 using the matrix, It is possible to determine the failure status grade and the expected replacement time.

That is, the failure determination unit 140 can check the position of the corresponding intersection on the matrix to check the class of the failure state of the switch 10. In FIG. 3, since the corresponding intersection exists on the first quadrant, it indicates that the breakdown state of the breaker 10 is 'dangerous'.

Also, the failure determination unit 140 can confirm the estimated replacement time of the switch 10 in the area of the intersection. In FIG. 3, the predicted replacement time of the switch 10 in the region of the intersection point is '20XX year 00 month forecast'.

In addition, the failure determining unit 140 may set a reference value for determining the failure state of the switch 10, compare the partial discharge magnitude and the leakage current magnitude with respective reference values, May be judged to be dangerous.

In addition, the failure determination unit 140 may determine the type of partial discharge generation for the internal discharge or the external discharge as shown in FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a type of partial discharge generation.

In this case, the failure determination unit 140 uses the HFCT sensor 111 to distinguish the internal discharge from the external discharge in consideration of the directionality of the partial discharge signal. Here, the internal discharge is a partial discharge generated by an internal factor of the switch 10, and the external discharge is a partial discharge generated by the peripheral equipment 20 of the switchgear 10.

First, since the partial discharge signal is transmitted to the outside through the ground line GL of the switch 10 in the case of the internal discharge of the switchgear 10, the left side portion 111a and the right side portion 111b of the HFCT sensor 111 And indicates the direction of moving to the outside. That is, the left portion 111a and the right portion 111b of the HFCT sensor 111 move outward almost at the same time and appear as signals in opposite directions to each other.

In the case of the external discharge of the switch 10, the partial discharge signal moves from the left side portion 111a of the HFCT sensor 111 to the right side portion 111b of the HFCT sensor 111 because the partial discharge signal moves along the neutral line through the ground line GL of the peripheral equipment 20. [ ) And a direction from the right side portion 111b to the left side portion 111a in one direction. That is, the left portion 111a and the right portion 111b of the HFCT sensor 111 appear as a one-directional signal with a predetermined time difference.

The case where the breakdown determination unit 140 determines the breakdown level of the breaker 10 or the type of partial discharge generation of the breaker 10 has been described in this embodiment, It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the functions of the above-described embodiments can be integrated in the control server.

The communication unit 150 performs wireless communication with the control server remotely. That is, the communication unit 150 transmits the failure diagnosis result of the switch 10 determined by the failure determination unit 140 to the control server. Here, the control server notifies the terminal of the manager (e.g., a mobile phone, a smart phone, a notebook computer, a computer, etc.) of the determination result of the degree of failure of the switch 10.

In addition, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 may include an LED for power supply and an LCD screen for indicating the status of the switch 10, though it is not shown in the figure.

5 is a diagram illustrating a method for diagnosing a failure of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The fault diagnosis apparatus 100 senses (senses) a partial discharge and leakage current of the switch 10 (S201).

Thereafter, when the partial discharge and leakage current magnitudes of the switch 10 are measured (S202 and S203), the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 determines a fault state class and a predicted replacement point of time of the switch 10 using a matrix prepared in advance (S204). At this time, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 checks the point of the corresponding intersection on the matrix, confirms the class of the fault state of the switch 10, and confirms the estimated replacement point of the switch 10 in the area of the intersection.

When the partial discharge of the switch 10 is measured (S202), the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 determines whether the partial discharge is an internal discharge or an external discharge (S206).

Thereafter, the fault diagnosis apparatus 100 transmits the fault diagnosis result of the switch 10 to the control server (S205).

The method according to some embodiments may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded on a computer readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and constructed for the present invention or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape, optical media such as CDROMs, DVDs, magneto-optical media such as floptical disks, Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and perform program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like.

Although the foregoing is directed to novel features of the present invention that are applicable to various embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and method described above, without departing from the scope of the present invention, It will be understood that various deletions, substitutions, and alterations can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. All variations within the scope of the appended claims are embraced within the scope of the present invention.

10: switchgear 20: peripheral equipment
100: fault diagnosis apparatus 110:
111: HFCT sensor 111a:
111b: right side portion 112: leakage current sensor
120 partial discharge measuring unit 121: first filter unit
122: first amplification unit 123: peak detection unit
124: A / D converting section 130: Leakage current measuring section
131: second filter unit 132: second amplifier unit
133: current measuring unit 140:
150:

Claims (13)

A sensor unit for detecting a partial discharge signal and a leakage current signal of the switch;
A partial discharge measuring unit for measuring a magnitude of the sensed partial discharge signal;
A leakage current measuring unit for measuring a magnitude of the sensed leakage current signal; And
And a failure determination unit for determining a failure level of the switch using the measured magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current,
Wherein the failure determination unit determines a failure state class of the switch and a predicted replacement time by checking an intersection of the measured magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current in a preset matrix in consideration of the correlation between the partial discharge and the leakage current,
Wherein the frequency band of the partial discharge signal is a high frequency band and the frequency band of the leakage current signal is a commercial frequency band.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the matrix comprises:
A fault diagnosis device of a switch set by a data processing and judgment technique for a large amount of experimental data collected from a steady state switch, a defective switch, and an artificially generated switch.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the failure determination unit
And a distinction between an internal discharge and an external discharge in consideration of the directionality of the partial discharge signal.
The method according to claim 1,
The sensor unit includes:
An HFCT sensor for detecting a partial discharge of the switch, and a leakage current sensor for detecting a leakage current of the switch.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the partial discharge measuring unit comprises:
A first filter unit for filtering a signal of an ambient noise source in a frequency band of the partial discharge signal;
A first amplifying unit for amplifying the filtered partial discharge magnitude through the first filter unit;
A peak detector for detecting a maximum value of the amplified partial discharge;
An A / D converter for converting the maximum value of the detected partial discharge from an analog signal to a digital signal;
The fault diagnosis apparatus comprising:
The method according to claim 1,
The leakage current measuring unit includes:
A second filter unit for filtering a signal of an ambient noise source in a frequency band of the leakage current signal;
A second amplifying unit for amplifying the filtered leakage current magnitude through the second filter unit;
A current measuring unit for measuring an effective value of the amplified leakage current;
The fault diagnosis apparatus comprising:
The method according to claim 1,
A communication unit for transmitting a determination result of the degree of failure of the switch to a control center;
The fault diagnosis apparatus further comprising:
Sensing a partial discharge signal and a leakage current signal of the switch;
Measuring a magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current of the switch according to the detection result; And
And determining a degree of failure of the switch using the measured magnitude of the partial discharge and the leakage current,
The determining step may include determining an intersection between a measured magnitude of the partial discharge and a magnitude of the leakage current in a predetermined matrix in consideration of a correlation between the partial discharge and the leakage current to determine a failure state class of the switch,
Wherein a frequency band of the partial discharge signal is a high frequency band and a frequency band of the leakage current signal is a commercial frequency band.
delete 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the matrix comprises:
A fault diagnosis method of a switch set by a data processing and judgment technique for a large amount of experimental data collected from a steady-state switch, a defective switch, and an artificially generated switch.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein,
Distinguishing between an internal discharge and an external discharge in consideration of the directionality of the partial discharge signal;
The fault diagnosis method comprising the steps of:
10. The method of claim 9,
Transmitting a determination result of the degree of failure of the switch to a control center;
Further comprising the steps of:

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