KR101930536B1 - method of manufacturing square lumber type artificiality dunnage and square lumber type artificiality dunnage - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a method for producing a rectangular timber-type artificial dunnage, and a rectangular timber-type artificial dunnage. According to the present invention, the method for producing the rectangular timber-type artificial dunnage comprises the following steps: crushing wood byproducts to a size of 7 mm or less; drying the crushed wood byproduct; mixing the dried wood byproduct with an adhesive, a waterproofing agent, and a preservative; compressing the mixed wood byproduct at a temperature of at least 120 degrees Celsius for at least 40 minutes; and molding the compressed wood byproduct into a form of rectangular timber.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing artificial dunnage and a method of manufacturing artificial dunnage and a method of manufacturing artificial dunnage,

[0001] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing each artificial dunnage and a method of manufacturing each artificial dunnage, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing each artificial dunnage which can be replaced by each dunnage using waste wood or by- And a method of manufacturing the artificial dunnage.

Dunnage is a plate, timber and mat used for the purpose of preventing damage to cargoes and hulls when loading cargo on a ship. The width of the timber produced by the sanitizing process is three times the thickness .

Conventionally, each dunnage is manufactured by cutting a raw wood. However, once used, dunnage can not be reused, resulting in wasted wood, and is pointed out as an element of natural environment destruction due to excessive logging. In addition, difficulties are encountered in the production and supply of each dunnage due to the rise in prices of raw wood and the supply and demand. Especially in countries importing wood, the supply and demand of each dunnage is not smooth, There is a problem that the cargo loading operation is delayed.

Korean Patent No. 10-1452380 (eco-friendly wood block and its preparation method), Korean Patent No. 10-0912953 (wood block using wood powder and its manufacturing method), Korean Patent No. 10-0886838 (wood flour and wood shavings Wood block and molded article using prepreg such as wood block, and Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2008-0103839 (wood block using wood powder and its manufacturing method) and wood block There was a technology to manufacture. However, the wood block is not manufactured for use as a dunnage, and the bending strength of the wood block manufactured by the above techniques is lower than the bending strength level required for dunnage. Korean Patent No. 10-1452380 (eco-friendly wood block and its manufacturing method) shows that the maximum bending strength of the examples is merely 10.0 MPa as in the following Table 1 <measured values for Examples and Comparative Examples> .

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Flexural strength (MPa) 9.5 10.0 9.7 5.6 6.4 Bending strength after immersion (MPa) 4.3 4.8 4.6 2.8 3.1 Permeability (mm / sec) 0.079 0.072 0.075 0.065 0.059

It is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial dunnage manufacturing method and a replant artificial dunnage which can manufacture each replant artificial dunnage that can be replaced by each dunnage.

Another object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing artificial dunnji which can be mass-produced, stable in quality, and maintained in a smooth supply without requiring plant quarantine at the time of import, reducing production cost, And a method for manufacturing each artificial dunnage.

Another object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a reclaimed artificial dunnage which is capable of satisfying a dunnage bending strength of at least 30 N / mm ² required for use between steel products in a ship, And a method of manufacturing the artificial dunnage.

In accordance with the present invention, each reclaimed artificial dunnage is manufactured by crushing wood byproducts to a size of 7 mm or less, drying the crushed wood byproducts, mixing the dried wood byproduct with an adhesive, a waterproofing agent and a preservative, Compressing the mixed wood byproduct at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius or more for 40 minutes or more, and molding the compressed wood byproduct into each re-form.

In the mixing step, 10 to 20 parts by weight of the adhesive, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent, and 1 to 7 parts by weight of the preservative may be mixed with 100 parts by weight of the wood byproduct.

In the mixing step, a curing agent may be further mixed.

In the mixing step, 10 to 20 parts by weight of the adhesive, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the preservative, and 5 to 15 parts by weight of the curing agent may be mixed in 100 parts by weight of the wood byproduct.

Wherein the mixing step comprises mixing the wood byproduct with the adhesive in a primary mixer for at least 5 minutes and mixing the wood byproduct, the water repellent, the preservative and the curing agent with the mixer apparatus for at least 5 minutes Second mixing step.

In the primary mixing step, they can be mixed for at least 10 minutes.

The mixing may comprise mixing the wood byproduct, the adhesive, the water repellent, the preservative, and the curing agent for at least 5 minutes with a mixer apparatus.

In the pressing step, it can be pressed for at least 50 minutes.

The method of claim 1, wherein the compressing step comprises: first compressing the wood byproduct at a primary temperature of 150 tonnes hot press at a temperature of 120 degrees to less than 150 degrees centigrade; and compressing the compressed wood byproduct to a 150 ton hot press And raising the temperature at the primary temperature and secondary pressing.

According to the method for manufacturing artificial dunnage according to the present invention and the artificial dunnji according to the present invention, each reclaimed artificial dunnice having superior bending strength, capable of keeping moisture content constant by suppressing moisture penetration, So that it is possible to replace the existing dunnage made of the wood, thereby reducing the amount of logging and maintaining the natural environment,

Each reclaimed artificial dunnition according to the present invention is a reusable wood material, which does not require plant quarantine at the time of importing, can be mass-produced with a reduced production cost, has stable quality, can maintain smooth supply,

In particular, the dunnage bending strength required to be used between steel products in a ship can meet 30 N / mm ² or more.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the process of manufacturing each reclaimed artificial dunnage according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the overall shape of each reclaimed artificial dunnice manufactured by each reclaimed artificial dunnage manufacturing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of cut surfaces of each artificial Dunneige manufactured by the method of manufacturing each artificial artificial Dunnea according to the present invention.
4 is a test report and inspection report for each reclaimed artificial sand according to the embodiment.

The terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms and the inventor may appropriately define the concept of the term in order to best describe its invention It should be construed as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, various equivalents It should be understood that water and variations may be present.

Hereinafter, the method of manufacturing each reclaimed artificial dunnition and each reclaimed artificial dunnage according to the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the process of manufacturing each reclaimed artificial dunnage according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, each method of manufacturing artificial dunnji according to the present invention comprises the steps of crushing by-products of wood (S10), drying the crushed wood byproducts (S20), adding the additives to the dried wood by- (S30) pressing the mixed wood byproduct (S40), and molding the squeezed wood byproduct (S50). Preferably the wood by-product can be a by-product of poplar or pine species. Wood by-products may also include wood chips of waste wood, by-products generated after disposal, or sawdust.

In step S10 of shredding the wood by-product, the wood by-product can be crushed to a size of 7 mm or less. In step S10, wood byproducts may be pulverized using a crusher with granules having a particle size within the range of 3 mm to 7 mm. By grinding wood byproducts to a particle size of 7 mm or less, it has a density higher than a certain level, so that a bending strength higher than a certain level can be maintained. When wood byproducts are crushed to a size larger than 7 mm, the pores between the pellets become large, and the unit density becomes small, so that the bending strength of the wood chip block may be weakened.

Drying of the shredded wood byproduct may be performed in step S20 so that moisture remaining in the shredded wood byproduct is removed until the water content of the shredded wood byproduct falls within the range of 10% to 12%. If the moisture content is more than 12%, the weight of the steel product may be compressed by each reclaimed artificial dunnage, causing damage to the cargo and weakening the bending strength of each reclaimed artificial dunnage.

In the step (S30) of mixing the additive with the dried wood by-product, the additive, the adhesive, the waterproofing agent and the preservative may be mixed.

Adhesive provides a bond between the grains of the wood byproduct.

The waterproofing agent improves the bending strength of each reclaimed artificial dunnage by filling the pores between the pellets of the wood byproduct and can maintain the water content constant by suppressing the penetration of moisture even when storing each produced artificial dunnage for a long time.

Preservatives can function to prevent corruption of each reconstructed artificial dunnage. Each reclaimed artificial dunnage can be used for sailing for over a month and should be resistant to corruption by the action of microorganisms. To this end, the preservative is mixed as an additive in the present invention.

The conventional wood chip block maintained a bending strength of 10 MPa, but a wood chip block having a strength of 20 MPa or more and 20 N / mm ² or more can be manufactured due to addition of a waterproofing agent and an antiseptic agent.

Preferably, 10 to 20 parts by weight of the adhesive, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent, and 1 to 7 parts by weight of the preservative may be mixed with 100 parts by weight of the wood byproduct.

If less than 10 parts by weight of the adhesive is added, the bonding strength between the wood byproducts may be lowered and the strength may be weakened.

When less than 1 part by weight of the waterproofing agent is added, the waterproof ability is lowered and the bending strength is weakened. When the waterproofing agent is added in an amount exceeding 7 parts by weight, the moisture absorbing ability is lost and the bending strength is weakened. Since steel products are heavy, it can cause damage to the product due to moisture generated by the pressing of existing wood and sailing for over a month. This can cause cargo damage problems. For this reason, not only should the waterproofing capability be improved, but also some moisture must be absorbed.

When less than 1 part by weight of the preservative is added, the antifouling tends to be spoiled and the bending strength becomes weak. When the antiseptic is added in an amount exceeding 7 parts by weight, the bending strength is weakened.

In step S30 of mixing the additives with the dried wood byproduct, the hardener may be further mixed as an additive. The hardener rapidly hardens the adhesive and loses the grain fluidity of the wood by-product, thereby increasing the bending strength.

Preferably, 10 to 20 parts by weight of the adhesive, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the preservative and 5 to 15 parts by weight of the curing agent may be mixed in 100 parts by weight of the wood byproduct. If less than 5 parts by weight of the curing agent is added, the fixation may be delayed and the flexural strength may be weakened. Preferably, the curing agent is added in an amount of 10 parts by weight or more, and thus the flexural strength is increased.

More preferably, 16 to 17 parts by weight of the adhesive, 2 to 2.5 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent, 2 to 2.5 parts by weight of the preservative and 13 to 15 parts by weight of the curing agent may be mixed in 100 parts by weight of the wood byproduct. Correlation of adhesives, waterproofing agents, preservatives and hardeners according to these mixing ratios can meet the demand for dunnage flexural strengths of 30 N / mm ² or more required for use between steel products in the ship.

The step of mixing the dried wood byproduct with the additive (S30) comprises mixing the wood byproduct with the mixer apparatus for 5 minutes or longer, and mixing the mixed wood byproduct, the waterproofing agent, the preservative and the hardener To the mixer device for at least 5 minutes. The primary mixing step is to mix the adhesive with the wood by-product granules to improve the bending strength of each reclaimed artificial dunnage.

Preferably, in the primary mixing step, mixing can be performed for 10 minutes or more. The primary mixing step is to mix the adhesive more evenly with the wood by-product granules, thereby further improving the bending strength of each reclaimed artificial dunnage.

In step S40, the mixed wood byproduct may be squeezed at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius or more for 40 minutes or more. In the case of pressing at less than 120 degrees centigrade, the bending strength of each reshaped artificial dunnage is weakened, which can not replace the existing wood dunnage.

In the case of pressing for less than 40 minutes, the relative density of the wood by-product granules becomes smaller, and the bending strength of each reshaped artificial dunnage becomes weak, so that the existing wood dunnage can not be replaced.

Preferably, the mixed wood byproduct can be squeezed at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius or more for at least 50 minutes in the step (S40) of pressing the mixed wood byproduct. By squeezing for more than 50 minutes, the relative density of the wood byproducts grains becomes greater and the bending strength of each reclaimed artificial dunnage becomes stronger.

Preferably, the step (S40) of squeezing the mixed wood byproduct comprises: first pressing the wood byproduct at a temperature of less than 120 degrees Celsius to less than 150 degrees Celsius with a 150 ton Hot Press; The wood byproduct may be subjected to a secondary press with a 150 ton hot press increasing the temperature to 150 degrees Celsius. Due to the secondary pressing step, the grains of the wood byproduct are squeezed more densely and the bending strength is further improved.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of the overall shape of each reclaimed artificial dunnice produced by each reclaimed artificial dunnage manufacturing method according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a photograph of each reshaped artificial dunnage manufactured by each reclaimed artificial dunnage manufacturing method This is a photograph of the cut surface of each reshaped artificial dunnji.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in the step of forming the squeezed wood byproduct (S50), rectangular artificial dunnage can be manufactured by extruding through a square jig. The manufactured artificial dunnji can be cut and used for the purpose of use. It can be formed and cut like each recreational artificial dunnage 100 in step S50. The cut surface 110 of each reshaped artificial dunnage 100 shows that the outer layer (the portion close to the outer surface) is more densely pressed (the higher the density) than the inner layer (the center portion) Able to know.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, these examples are for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following Examples 1 to 5, sawdust was generally broken down to a size of 7 mm or less in Step S10, and the crushed sawdust was dried to a moisture content of 12% in Step S20. In Examples 1 to 5, the dried sawdust was commonly used in Step S30.

&Lt; Example 1 >

To 100 parts by weight of sawdust, 18.75 parts by weight of adhesive, 3.125 parts by weight of waterproofing agent and 3.125 parts by weight of preservative were mixed by mixer equipment for 5 minutes, and the mixed sawdust was pressed on a 150 ton hot press at 120 DEG C for 40 minutes. The squeezed sawdust was molded into each re-form to prepare each reclaimed artificial Dunneige.

&Lt; Example 2 >

15 parts by weight of an adhesive, 1,875 parts by weight of a waterproofing agent, 1,875 parts by weight of a preservative, and 6.25 parts by weight of a curing agent were mixed in 100 parts by weight of sawdust for 5 minutes using a mixer, and the mixed sawdust was placed in a 150- Lt; / RTI &gt; The squeezed sawdust was molded into each re-form to prepare each reclaimed artificial Dunneige.

&Lt; Example 3 >

15 parts by weight of an adhesive were first mixed for 5 minutes with a mixer for 5 minutes, followed by 1.875 parts by weight of a waterproofing agent, 1.875 parts by weight of a preservative and 6.25 parts by weight of a curing agent. And the blended sawdust was squeezed in a 150 ton hot press at 120 degrees Celsius for 50 minutes. The squeezed sawdust was molded into each re-form to prepare each reclaimed artificial Dunneige.

<Example 4>

16 parts by weight of an adhesive was first mixed for 5 minutes with a mixer equipment for 5 minutes, then 2 parts by weight of a waterproofing agent, 2 parts by weight of a preservative and 13.333 parts by weight of a curing agent were added to 100 parts by weight of sawdust, , And the blended sawdust was secondarily pressed in a 150 ton hot press at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius for 25 minutes followed by a secondary compression for 25 minutes at a temperature of 150 Celsius degrees. The squeezed sawdust was molded into each re-form to prepare each reclaimed artificial Dunneige.

&Lt; Example 5 >

16 parts by weight of an adhesive was first mixed for 5 minutes with a mixer for 10 minutes, then 2 parts by weight of a waterproofing agent, 2 parts by weight of an antiseptic and 13.333 parts by weight of a curing agent were added to 100 parts by weight of sawdust, , And the blended sawdust was secondarily pressed in a 150 ton hot press at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius for 25 minutes followed by a secondary compression for 25 minutes at a temperature of 150 Celsius degrees. The squeezed sawdust was molded into each re-form to prepare each reclaimed artificial Dunneige.

Test pieces of 30 mm in width, 30 mm in length and 400 mm in length were prepared from each of the reclaimed artificial dunnies prepared by the methods of Examples 1 to 5 as described above. Three test specimens prepared by the same method were randomly extracted, Were tested by the method of KS F 2208: 2004. The average values of the measured values obtained from the test specimens extracted from the same embossed artificial dunnage are the same as those in Table 2 (measured value of bending strength of the embodiment).

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 흼 Strength (N / mm ² ) 20 23 26 28 30

Table 2 shows that each reclaimed artificial Dunnege according to the present invention has a bending strength of 20 N / mm ² or more, which is superior to the prior art (see Table 1 in Prior Art 1).

By adding a curing agent to the embodiment example 1, as in the example 2, lowering the weight ratio of the waterproofing agent and a preservative, it can be seen that the bending strength is increased from 20N / mm ² to 23N / mm ^2.

As in Example 3, it was found that the bending strength increased from ²³ N / mm ² to 26 N / mm ² by adding the adhesive to the sawdust first in Example 2, and then mixing the hardener, preservative and preservative have.

Further, in Example 4 as in Example 3 for more than 10 minutes slow compression time, such as, the bending strength is found to increase from 26N / mm ² to 28N / mm ^2.

As in Example 5, the weight ratio was changed in Example 4, and after the primary pressing at 120 degrees Celsius in Step S40, when the temperature was increased to 150 degrees, the flexural strength was found to be 30 N / mm ² have.

The reshaped artificial dunnage 100 shown in Figs. 2 and 3 is manufactured according to the fifth embodiment. When the cut surface 110 of each reshaped artificial dunnage 100 is seen, It can be confirmed that it is compacted (dense).

4 is a test report and inspection report for each reclaimed artificial sand according to the embodiment.

Referring to Fig. 4, Example 5 has a bending strength of 30 N / mm &lt; ² &gt; and can be used as a heavyweight dunnage such as a steel product. In particular, the dunnage bending strength required for use between steel products Has a critical significance in that it meets the requirements of more than 30 N / mm ² . This was officially recognized in the test and inspection report shown in FIG.

100 Reinforced Artificial Dunnage

Claims (10)

Crushing the wood byproduct to a size of 7 mm or less;
Drying the shredded wood byproduct;
Mixing the dried wood byproduct with an adhesive, a waterproofing agent and a preservative;
Pressing said mixed wood byproduct at a temperature of at least 120 degrees Celsius for at least 40 minutes; And
And molding the compressed wood byproducts into respective reshapes. &Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; 15. &lt; / RTI &gt; The method according to claim 1,
In the mixing step,
Wherein 10 to 20 parts by weight of the adhesive, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent, and 1 to 7 parts by weight of the preservative are mixed in 100 parts by weight of the wood by-product. The method according to claim 1,
In the mixing step,
And a hardening agent is further mixed. The method of claim 3,
In the mixing step,
10 to 20 parts by weight of the adhesive, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent, 1 to 7 parts by weight of the preservative and 5 to 15 parts by weight of the curing agent are mixed with 100 parts by weight of the wood by- Gt; 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the mixing comprises:
Mixing the wood byproduct with the adhesive in a mixer apparatus for at least 5 minutes; And
And mixing the mixed wood byproduct, the waterproofing agent, the preservative, and the hardener with a mixer for at least 5 minutes. &Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; 8. &lt; / RTI &gt; 6. The method of claim 5,
In the primary mixing step,
Wherein the mixture is mixed for at least 10 minutes. The method according to claim 3 or 4,
Wherein the mixing comprises:
And mixing the wood byproduct, the adhesive, the water repellent, the preservative, and the curing agent with a mixer for at least 5 minutes. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
In the pressing step,
Gt; 50 &lt; / RTI &gt; min. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Wherein the pressing step comprises:
First pressing the wood byproduct with a 150 ton Hot Press at a first temperature less than 120 degrees Celsius and less than 150 degrees Celsius; And
And pressing the squeezed wood byproduct with a 150 ton hot press to elevate the temperature at the first temperature and secondarily pressurize the squeezed wood byproduct. A reclaimed artificial dunnice manufactured by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

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