KR101915150B1 - Hybrid electric vehicle with charging function using exhaust heat - Google Patents

Hybrid electric vehicle with charging function using exhaust heat Download PDF

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KR101915150B1
KR101915150B1 KR1020170070674A KR20170070674A KR101915150B1 KR 101915150 B1 KR101915150 B1 KR 101915150B1 KR 1020170070674 A KR1020170070674 A KR 1020170070674A KR 20170070674 A KR20170070674 A KR 20170070674A KR 101915150 B1 KR101915150 B1 KR 101915150B1
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South Korea
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cooling
heating
exhaust gas
battery
engine
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KR1020170070674A
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Korean (ko)
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이현섭
임석연
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동명대학교산학협력단
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
    • H01L35/00—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

According to the present invention, a hybrid electric vehicle comprises: a driving unit to drive a driving wheel; a motor supplying a driving force to the driving unit in case of low speed driving; an engine supplying the driving force to the driving unit in case of high speed driving; a battery supplying a current to the motor; a generator charging the battery with power generated in the engine; a control unit controlling operation of the motor, the engine, and the generator; an exhaust pipe discharging exhaust gas generated in the engine to the outside; and a thermoelement having a heating unit receiving heat of the exhaust gas flowing at an internal side of the exhaust pipe and a cooling unit cooled by external air, and charging the battery by generating electricity when the exhaust gas flows at an internal side of the exhaust pipe. According to the present invention, hybrid electric vehicle can improve a charging rate of the battery by charging the battery through a regenerative braking mode in case of low speed driving and charging the battery with exhaust heat in case of high speed driving, prevent back pressure from being generated by interrupting the flow of the exhaust gas, and constantly maintain a generation rate to provide excellent stability even though a flow rate and a temperature of the exhaust gas are changed.

Description

배기열을 이용한 충전기능을 구비하는 하이브리드 전기자동차 {Hybrid electric vehicle with charging function using exhaust heat}BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a hybrid electric vehicle having a charging function using exhaust heat,

본 발명은 저속 주행 시 모터의 동력을 이용하고 고속 주행 시 엔진의 동력을 이용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 고속 주행 시 배기열을 이용하여 배터리를 충전시킬 수 있도록 구성되는 하이브리드 전기자동차에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a hybrid electric vehicle that utilizes the power of a motor during low-speed traveling and uses the power of an engine during high-speed traveling, and more particularly to a hybrid electric vehicle that is configured to charge a battery using exhaust heat .

일반적으로, 하이브리드 전기자동차(Hybrid Electric Vehicle)는 서로 다른 두 종류 이상의 동력원을 효율적으로 조합하여 차량을 구동시키는 것을 의미하나, 대부분의 경우, 연료를 사용하여 구동력을 얻는 엔진과 배터리 전력으로 구동되는 전기모터에 의해 구동력을 얻는 차량을 일컫는다.Generally, a hybrid electric vehicle means to drive a vehicle by efficiently combining two or more kinds of power sources. In most cases, an engine that obtains a driving force by using fuel and an electric And refers to a vehicle that obtains a driving force by a motor.

이러한 하이브리드 전기자동차는 주행속도에 따라 전기모터와 엔진이 적절히 구동되는 환경친화적인 자동차로서, 고속 주행 시에는 엔진 동력으로 주행하면서 배터리를 충전하고, 저속주행시나 가속시에 모터로 보조 구동함으로써 연비 등을 개선하는 자동차이다.This hybrid electric vehicle is an environmentally friendly automobile in which the electric motor and the engine are driven appropriately according to the traveling speed. The hybrid electric vehicle charges the battery while driving by the engine power at high speed traveling, and auxiliary drive by the motor at low speed traveling or acceleration. To improve the car.

최근 연비를 개선하고, 보다 친환경적인 제품을 개발해야 한다는 시대적 요청에 부응하여 하이브리드 전기자동차에 대한 연구가 더욱 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 하이브리드 전기자동차는 엔진과 전기모터를 동력원으로 하여 다양한 구조를 형성할 수 있다. 현재까지 연구되고 있는 하이브리드 전기자동차는 모터로 구동력을 발생시키고 엔진으로는 배터리 충전만을 하는 직렬형과, 주행조건에 따라 모터와 엔진 중 어느 하나로 구동력을 발생시키는 병렬형이 있는데, 근래 들어서는 저속 주행시에는 모터로 구동력을 발생시키고 고속 주행시에는 엔진으로 구동력을 발생시키는 병렬형 하이브리드 전기자동차의 개발이 증가되고 있는 추세에 있다.Recently, researches on hybrid electric vehicles are actively pursued in response to the demand for improving fuel efficiency and developing more environmentally friendly products. Hybrid electric vehicles can be variously constructed by using engines and electric motors as power sources. have. Hybrid electric vehicles, which have been studied to date, have a series type in which a motor generates driving force, an engine in a series type in which only a battery is charged, and a parallel type in which a driving force is generated in one of a motor and an engine depending on driving conditions. In recent years, The development of a parallel type hybrid electric vehicle that generates a driving force by a motor and generates driving force by an engine at a high speed driving is increasingly being developed.

이하 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 종래의 하이브리드 전기자동차에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, a conventional hybrid electric vehicle will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 종래의 하이브리드 전기자동차의 개략도이다.1 is a schematic view of a conventional hybrid electric vehicle.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 종래의 하이브리드 전기자동차는, 구동휠(10)을 구동시키기 위한 주행부(20)와, 상기 주행부(20)에 구동력을 공급하기 위한 모터(30) 및 엔진(40)과, 상기 엔진(40)에서 발생된 동력으로 전기를 발생시켜 배터리(60)를 충전시키는 발전기(50)와, 상기 각 부의 동작을 제어하는 제어부(70)를 포함하여 구성된다.1, a conventional hybrid electric vehicle includes a traveling section 20 for driving a driving wheel 10, a motor 30 for supplying a driving force to the traveling section 20, A generator 50 for generating electricity by the power generated by the engine 40 to charge the battery 60 and a controller 70 for controlling the operations of the respective units.

이와 같이 구성되는 종래의 하이브리드 전기자동차는, 주행조건에 따라 모터(30)만으로 주행부(20)를 구동시키거나, 엔진(40)의 동력을 이용하여 주행부(20)를 구동시킬 수 있다. 즉, 저속 주행 중에는 모터(30)의 동력으로 주행부(20)를 구동시키고, 고속 주행이나 정속 주행 시에는 엔진(40)의 동력을 이용하여 주행부(20)를 구동시킨다.The conventional hybrid electric vehicle thus configured can drive the traveling unit 20 only by the motor 30 or drive the traveling unit 20 by using the power of the engine 40 in accordance with the traveling conditions. That is, during the low-speed traveling, the driving portion 20 is driven by the power of the motor 30, and the driving portion 20 is driven by the power of the engine 40 during high-speed traveling or constant speed traveling.

이와 같이 구성되는 하이브리드 전기자동차의 주요 주행 모드는 주지된 바와 같이, 모터 동력만을 이용하는 순수 전기자동차 모드인 EV(electric vehicle)모드, 엔진의 회전력을 주동력으로 하면서 모터의 회전력을 보조 동력으로 이용하는 보조 모드인 HEV(hybrid electric vehicle)모드, 전기자동차의 제동 혹은 관성에 의한 주행시 차량의 제동 및 관성 에너지를 상기 모터에서 발전을 통하여 회수하여 배터리에 충전하는 회생제동(RB: Regenerative Braking) 모드를 포함한다.As is well known, the main driving mode of the hybrid electric vehicle thus configured is an electric vehicle (EV) mode, which is a pure electric vehicle mode using only motor power, an auxiliary electric motor Mode, a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mode, and a regenerative braking (RB) mode in which the braking and inertial energy of the vehicle during braking or inertia of the electric vehicle is recovered through power generation to charge the battery .

이때, 종래의 하이브리드 전기자동차는 회생제동 모드에서만 배터리를 충전하도록 구성되는바, EV모드나 HEV모드가 장시간 지속되는 경우 배터리가 방전될 수 있다는 단점이 있다.In this case, the conventional hybrid electric vehicle is configured to charge the battery only in the regenerative braking mode, and the battery may be discharged if the EV mode or the HEV mode is continued for a long time.

한편, 엔진에서 발생되는 배기가스의 열을 이용하여 전기를 발생시키는 '배기열을 이용한 열전발전시스템'이 본원발명의 출원인에 의해 출원되어 등록된바 있으나, 이는 배기열을 간접적으로 이용하는 방식으로서 구성이 매우 복잡하고, 하이브리드 전기자동차에 최적화 되어 있지 아니하다는 단점이 있다.On the other hand, a "thermoelectric power generation system using exhaust heat", which generates electricity using heat of the exhaust gas generated by an engine, is filed and registered by the applicant of the present invention. However, this system is a system that uses exhaust heat indirectly It is complicated, and it is not optimized for a hybrid electric vehicle.

KR 10-0869322 B1KR 10-0869322 B1

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 제안된 것으로, 저속 주행시에는 회생제동 모드를 통해 배터리를 충전시키고 고속 주행시에는 배기열을 이용하여 배터리를 충전시킬 수 있으며, 배기가스의 열을 전달받는 동안에도 배기가스의 유동을 원활히 유지시킬 수 있고, 발전효율이 우수한 하이브리드 전기자동차를 제공하는데 목적이 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a hybrid vehicle in which a battery is charged through a regenerative braking mode at low speed traveling, and a battery is charged using exhaust heat at high speed traveling, It is an object of the present invention to provide a hybrid electric vehicle capable of smoothly maintaining the flow of exhaust gas and having excellent power generation efficiency.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는, 구동휠을 구동시키기 위한 주행부; 저속 주행 시 상기 주행부에 구동력을 공급하는 모터; 고속 주행 시 상기 주행부에 구동력을 공급하는 엔진; 상기 모터에 전류를 공급하는 배터리; 상기 엔진에서 발생된 동력을 이용하여 상기 배터리를 충전시키는 발전기; 상기 모터와 엔진과 발전기의 동작을 제어하는 제어부; 상기 엔진에서 발생된 배기가스를 외부로 배출시키는 배기관; 및 상기 배기관 내측을 흐르는 배기가스의 열을 전달받는 가열부와, 외기에 의해 냉각되는 냉각부를 구비하여, 상기 배기관 내측으로 배기가스가 흐를 때 전기를 발생시켜 상기 배터리를 충전시키는 열전소자;를 포함하여 구성된다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hybrid electric vehicle including: a drive unit for driving a drive wheel; A motor for supplying a driving force to the traveling portion when traveling at a low speed; An engine for supplying a driving force to the traveling portion at a high speed traveling; A battery for supplying current to the motor; A generator for charging the battery using power generated by the engine; A controller for controlling operations of the motor, the engine, and the generator; An exhaust pipe for discharging the exhaust gas generated in the engine to the outside; And a thermoelectric element having a heating part for receiving heat of the exhaust gas flowing through the inside of the exhaust pipe and a cooling part for cooling by the outside air to generate electricity when the exhaust gas flows into the exhaust pipe to charge the battery .

상기 열전소자는 상기 가열부와 냉각부가 적층된 구조로 이루어지되, 상기 가열부의 외측면이 상기 배기관의 내부에 노출되고 상기 냉각부의 외측면이 상기 배기관의 외부에 노출되도록 상기 배기관의 벽면에 장착된다.The thermoelectric element is mounted on a wall surface of the exhaust pipe so that the outer surface of the heating portion is exposed to the inside of the exhaust pipe and the outer surface of the cooling portion is exposed to the outside of the exhaust pipe, .

상기 열전소자 중 상기 배기관의 외부로 노출된 부위를 덮도록 결합되며, 측벽에 다수 개의 통기공이 형성된 보호캡을 더 포함한다.And a protective cap coupled to cover a portion of the thermoelectric element exposed to the outside of the exhaust pipe and having a plurality of air vent holes formed in the side wall thereof.

상기 배기관은, 배기가스가 분기되어 흐르는 분기관과, 상기 분기관으로 유동하는 배기가스 유량을 제어하는 개폐밸브를 더 포함하고,The exhaust pipe further includes a branch pipe through which the exhaust gas flows and an on-off valve for controlling the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing to the branch pipe,

상기 열전소자는, 상기 분기관 중 상기 개폐밸브가 설치된 지점의 후방에 장착된다.The thermoelectric element is mounted at the rear of a branch of the branch pipe where the opening / closing valve is installed.

상기 개폐밸브는, 상기 열전소자의 가열부에 인가되는 배기열이 일정하게 유지되도록, 상기 엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스의 온도 및 유량에 따라 상기 분기관의 유로단면적을 증감시킨다.The opening / closing valve increases / decreases the flow cross sectional area of the branch pipe in accordance with the temperature and the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine so that the heat of exhaust applied to the heating unit of the thermoelectric device is kept constant.

상기 열전소자는, 상기 가열부의 외측면에 구비되는 다수 개의 가열핀과, 상기 냉각부의 외측면에 구비되는 다수 개의 냉각핀을 더 포함한다.The thermoelectric element further includes a plurality of heating fins provided on an outer surface of the heating unit and a plurality of cooling fins provided on an outer surface of the cooling unit.

상기 가열핀은 상기 가열부의 외측면에 수직으로 세워지는 금속판 형상으로 형성되되, 상기 배기관 내부에 흐르는 배기가스의 유동압에 의해 휘어질 수 있도록 폭방향이 상기 배기가스 유동방향과 직각을 이루도록 배열되고, The heating pin is formed in a metal plate perpendicular to the outer surface of the heating unit and is arranged so that the width direction thereof is perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction so as to be bent by the flow pressure of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe ,

상기 냉각핀은 상기 냉각부의 외측면에 수직으로 세워지는 금속판 형상으로 형성되되, 차량 주행 시 발생되는 외부공기 압력에 의해 휘어질 수 있도록 폭방향이 차량 주행방향과 직각을 이루도록 배열된다.The cooling fin is formed in the shape of a metal plate vertically erected on the outer surface of the cooling unit and is arranged so that the width direction is perpendicular to the running direction of the vehicle so as to be bent by the external air pressure generated when the vehicle is running.

상기 가열핀은, 상기 가열부의 외측면과 수직을 이루는 방향으로 길게 연장된 가열관통슬롯이 형성된 가열헤드부와, 상기 가열헤드부를 상기 가열부에 연결하는 가열네크부로 구분되고,Wherein the heating pin is divided into a heating head portion having a heating through slot elongated in a direction perpendicular to an outer surface of the heating portion and a heating neck portion connecting the heating head portion to the heating portion,

상기 냉각핀은, 상기 냉각부의 외측면과 수직을 이루는 방향으로 길게 연장된 냉각관통슬롯이 형성된 냉각헤드부와, 상기 냉각헤드부를 상기 냉각부에 연결하는 냉각네크부로 구분된다.The cooling fin is divided into a cooling head portion formed with a cooling through slot extending in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the cooling portion and a cooling neck portion connecting the cooling head portion to the cooling portion.

본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는, 저속 주행시에는 회생제동 모드를 통해 배터리를 충전시키고 고속 주행시에는 배기열을 이용하여 배터리를 충전시킴으로써 배터리 충전율을 높일 수 있고, 배기가스의 유동에 저해를 주지 아니하여 배압 발생이 방지되며, 배기가스 유량 및 온도가 변경되더라도 발전율을 일정하게 유지시킬 수 있어 안정성이 우수하다는 장점이 있다.The hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention can charge the battery through the regenerative braking mode at low speed traveling and charge the battery using exhaust heat at high speed traveling to increase the charging rate of the battery, And the power generation rate can be maintained constant even if the exhaust gas flow rate and the temperature are changed, which is advantageous in that the stability is excellent.

도 1은 종래의 하이브리드 전기자동차의 개략도이다.
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차의 개략도이다.
도 3은 열전소자의 장착구조를 도시하는 단면도이다.
도 4는 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차 제2 실시예의 열전소자 장착구조를 도시한다.
도 5는 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차 제3 실시예의 열전소자 장착구조를 도시한다.
도 6은 가열핀 및 냉각핀의 다른 실시예를 도시한다.1 is a schematic view of a conventional hybrid electric vehicle.
2 is a schematic view of a hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting structure of a thermoelectric element.
4 shows a thermoelectric element mounting structure of a hybrid electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a thermoelectric element mounting structure of a hybrid electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
6 shows another embodiment of a heating pin and a cooling fin.

이하 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 의한 배기열을 이용한 충전기능을 구비하는 하이브리드 전기자동차의 실시예를 상세히 설명한다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a hybrid electric vehicle having a charging function using exhaust heat according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차의 개략도이고, 도 3은 열전소자의 장착구조를 도시하는 단면도이다.Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a mounting structure of a thermoelectric element.

본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는 주행 조건에 따라 엔진(400)과 모터(300)를 병용함으로써 연비를 극대화시키기 위한 것으로서, 구동휠(100)을 구동시키기 위한 주행부(200)와, 저속 주행 시 상기 주행부(200)에 구동력을 공급하는 모터(300)와, 고속 주행 시 상기 주행부(200)에 구동력을 공급하는 엔진(400)과, 상기 모터(300)에 전류를 공급하는 배터리(600)와, 상기 엔진(400)에서 발생된 동력을 이용하여 상기 배터리(600)를 충전시키는 발전기(500)와, 상기 모터(300)와 엔진(400)과 발전기(500)의 동작을 제어하는 제어부(700)와, 상기 엔진(400)에서 발생된 배기가스를 외부로 배출시키는 배기관(800)을 기본 구성요소로 구비한다.The hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention maximizes the fuel consumption by using the engine 400 and the motor 300 together according to driving conditions. The hybrid electric vehicle includes a traveling part 200 for driving the driving wheel 100, An engine 400 for supplying a driving force to the traveling unit 200 during a high speed traveling and a battery 600 for supplying a current to the motor 300. [ A generator 500 for charging the battery 600 using the power generated by the engine 400 and a controller 500 for controlling operations of the motor 300 and the engine 400 and the generator 500. [ (700), and an exhaust pipe (800) for discharging the exhaust gas generated in the engine (400) to the outside.

이와 같이 구성되는 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는 종래의 전기자동차와 마찬가지로 EV모드나 HEV모드, 회생제동 모드를 구현하되, 차량의 제동 및 관성 에너지를 이용하여 배터리(600)를 충전함은 물론, 엔진(400) 구동 시 발생되는 배기가스의 열에너지를 이용하여 배터리(600)를 충전할 수 있도록 구성된다는 점에 구성상의 가장 큰 특징이 있다.The hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention configured as described above is configured to implement the EV mode, the HEV mode, and the regenerative braking mode in the same manner as the conventional electric vehicle. In addition to charging the battery 600 using the braking and inertial energy of the vehicle, And the battery 600 can be charged using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas generated when the engine 400 is driven.

즉, 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는, 배기가스의 온도와 외기의 온도차를 이용하여 배터리(600)를 충전시키는 열전소자(900)를 추가로 구비한다는 점에 구성상의 가장 큰 특징이 있다. 상기 열전소자(900)는, 배기관(800) 내측을 흐르는 배기가스의 열을 전달받는 가열부(910)와, 외기에 의해 냉각되는 냉각부(920)를 구비하도록 구성되어, 엔진(400)이 구동할 때 즉, 상기 배기관(800) 내측으로 배기가스가 흐를 때 배기가스의 열에너지를 이용하여 전기를 발생시킨 후 배터리(600)를 충전시키는 기능을 수행하게 된다. 이때, 가열부(910)와 냉각부(920)의 온도차를 이용하여 전기를 발생시키는 열전소자(900)는 여러 분야에서 상용화되어 있으므로, 상기 열전소자(900)의 내부구조 및 작동원리에 대한 상세한 설명은 생략한다.That is, the hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention is characterized in that it further includes a thermoelectric element 900 for charging the battery 600 using the temperature of the exhaust gas and the temperature difference of the outside air. The thermoelectric element 900 is configured to include a heating portion 910 for receiving the heat of the exhaust gas flowing inside the exhaust pipe 800 and a cooling portion 920 for cooling by the outside air, When the exhaust gas flows into the exhaust pipe 800 at the time of driving, it generates electricity using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas, and then charges the battery 600. Since the thermoelectric element 900 generating electricity using the temperature difference between the heating part 910 and the cooling part 920 is commercialized in various fields, detailed description of the internal structure and operating principle of the thermoelectric element 900 The description is omitted.

상기 언급한 바와 같이 배기가스의 열에너지를 이용하여 배터리(600)를 충전시키는 열전소자(900)가 추가로 구비되면, 회생제동 모드에서는 차량의 제동 및 관성 에너지를 이용하여 배터리(600)를 충전시킬 수 있고, HEV모드에서는 배기가스의 열에너지를 이용하여 배터리(600)를 충전시킬 수 있으므로, 배터리(600) 충전율을 항상 높게 유지할 수 있다는 장점이 있다.If the thermoelectric element 900 for charging the battery 600 using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas is additionally provided as described above, in the regenerative braking mode, the battery 600 is charged using the braking and inertial energy of the vehicle In the HEV mode, the battery 600 can be charged using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas, so that the charging rate of the battery 600 can be maintained at a high level at all times.

즉, 종래의 하이브리드 자동차의 경우에는 회생제동 모드에서만 배터리(600)를 충전시키므로 고속 정속 주행이 장시간 지속되는 경우 배터리(600) 충전율이 떨어져 모터(300)를 동력원으로 사용할 수 없지만, 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 자동차의 경우에는 고속 정속 주행이 이루어지는 동안에도 배터리(600)를 충전시킬 수 있으므로 고속 정속 주행이 장시간 지속되더라도 배터리(600) 충전율을 높게 유지할 수 있어 모터(300)를 동력원으로 사용할 수 있다는 장점이 있다.That is, in the conventional hybrid vehicle, since the battery 600 is charged only in the regenerative braking mode, if the high-speed cruise control is continued for a long time, the charging rate of the battery 600 is decreased and the motor 300 can not be used as a power source. In the hybrid vehicle, the battery 600 can be charged even during the high-speed constant-speed cruise, so that the charging rate of the battery 600 can be maintained high even if the high-speed constant-speed cruise continues for a long period of time and the motor 300 can be used as a power source. have.

또한, 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 자동차는 엔진(400)의 구동력으로 발전기(500)를 기동시켜 배터리(600)를 충전하는 것이 아니라 대기 중으로 버려지는 배기가스 열에너지로 배터리(600)를 충전시키므로, 엔진(400)의 출력을 저감시키지 아니할 뿐만 아니라 에너지 절감 및 대기 오염의 문제도 개선시킬 수 있다는 장점이 있다.In addition, the hybrid vehicle according to the present invention charges the battery 600 with exhaust gas thermal energy discharged into the atmosphere, instead of charging the battery 600 by starting the generator 500 with the driving force of the engine 400, 400 is not reduced and the problem of energy saving and air pollution can be improved.

한편, 상기 열전소자(900)는 배기가스의 열이 가열부(910)로 전달될 수 있고, 상기 냉각부(920)가 외기에 의해 냉각될 수만 있다면 어떠한 구조로도 장착될 수 있다. 그러나 상기 가열부(910)로의 열전달량이 최대화되고 상기 냉각부(920)의 냉각률이 최대화되도록, 상기 열전소자(900)는 상기 가열부(910)와 냉각부(920)가 적층된 구조로 이루어지되, 상기 가열부(910)의 외측면이 상기 배기관(800)의 내부에 노출되고 상기 냉각부(920)의 외측면이 상기 배기관(800)의 외부에 노출되도록 상기 배기관(800)의 벽면에 장착됨이 바람직하다.Meanwhile, the thermoelectric element 900 can be installed in any structure as long as the heat of the exhaust gas can be transferred to the heating portion 910 and the cooling portion 920 can be cooled by the outside air. However, the thermoelectric element 900 has a structure in which the heating part 910 and the cooling part 920 are laminated so that the heat transfer amount to the heating part 910 is maximized and the cooling rate of the cooling part 920 is maximized The outer surface of the heating part 910 is exposed to the inside of the exhaust pipe 800 and the outer surface of the cooling part 920 is exposed to the outside of the exhaust pipe 800, Is preferably mounted.

이와 같이 상기 가열부(910)가 배기관(800) 내측으로 노출되고 상기 냉각부(920)가 배기관(800) 외측으로 노출되도록 구성되면, 배기가스의 열이 가열부(910)로 직접 전달되고 외기가 직접 냉각부(920)에 접촉되는바, 가열부(910)와 냉각부(920)의 온도차를 극대화시킬 수 있고, 이에 따라 발전효율을 높일 수 있다는 장점이 있다.When the heating unit 910 is exposed to the inside of the exhaust pipe 800 and the cooling unit 920 is exposed to the outside of the exhaust pipe 800, the heat of the exhaust gas is directly transmitted to the heating unit 910, The temperature difference between the heating unit 910 and the cooling unit 920 can be maximized and the power generation efficiency can be increased.

물론, 가열부(910)와 냉각부(920) 간의 온도차를 더욱 높일 수 있도록, 상기 냉각부(920)가 별도의 냉각유체에 의해 냉각되도록 구성될 수도 있으나, 이와 같이 별도의 냉각유체로 냉각부(920)를 냉각시키기 위해서는 상기 냉각유체를 순환시키기 위한 유로 및 펌프가 별도로 요구된다는 단점이 있다. 따라서 상기 냉각부(920)는 본 실시예에 도시된 바와 같이 배기관(800) 외부로 노출되어 차량 주행 시 외기에 의해 냉각되도록 구성됨이 바람직하다.Of course, the cooling unit 920 may be configured to be cooled by a separate cooling fluid so as to further increase the temperature difference between the heating unit 910 and the cooling unit 920. However, There is a disadvantage that a flow path and a pump for circulating the cooling fluid are separately required for cooling the cooling fluid 920. Therefore, it is preferable that the cooling unit 920 is configured to be exposed to the outside of the exhaust pipe 800 as shown in the present embodiment, and cooled by the outside air when the vehicle is traveling.

또한, 본 발명에 포함되는 열전소자(900)는 가열부(910)로의 열전달률과 냉각부(920)의 냉각률을 더욱 높일 수 있도록, 상기 가열부(910)의 외측면에 구비되는 다수 개의 가열핀(930)과, 상기 냉각부(920)의 외측면에 구비되는 다수 개의 냉각핀(940)을 추가로 구비할 수 있다. 이때, 상기 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)은 열전달량을 높일 수 있다면 어떠한 재료 및 어떠한 형상으로도 형성될 수 있는데, 상기 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)에 대해서는 이하 도 6을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.The thermoelectric element 900 included in the present invention may further include a plurality of thermoelectric elements 900 provided on the outer surface of the heating portion 910 so as to further increase the heat transfer rate to the heating portion 910 and the cooling rate of the cooling portion 920. [ A heating pin 930 and a plurality of cooling fins 940 provided on the outer surface of the cooling unit 920. [ The heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 may be formed of any material and any shape as long as the heat transfer amount can be increased. Will be described in detail.

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차 제2 실시예의 열전소자(900) 장착구조를 도시한다.Fig. 4 shows a mounting structure of the thermoelectric element 900 of the second embodiment of the hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention.

배기가스의 열에너지로 전기를 발생시키는 열전소자(900)는 구조적 강도 및 내구성이 높지 아니하므로, 냉각부(920) 측이 배기관(800) 외부로 직접 노출되는 경우 주행 과정에서 도로상의 구조물에 부딪히거나 튀어 오르는 돌에 의해 쉽게 손상될 수 있다. 특히, 냉각부(920) 외측면에 다수 개의 냉각핀(940)이 구비되는 경우에는 약간의 충격만으로도 냉각핀(940)이 파손될 우려가 있다.Since the thermoelectric element 900 generating electricity by the thermal energy of the exhaust gas is not high in structural strength and durability, when the cooling portion 920 side is directly exposed to the outside of the exhaust pipe 800, Or can be easily damaged by bouncing stones. Particularly, when a plurality of cooling fins 940 are provided on the outer surface of the cooling part 920, the cooling fins 940 may be damaged even with a slight impact.

따라서 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는, 상기 열전소자(900) 중 상기 배기관(800)의 외부로 노출된 부위를 덮는 보호캡(830)을 추가로 구비할 수 있다. 이때, 상기 보호캡(830)이 열전소자(900) 중 배기관(800)의 외부로 노출된 부위를 완전히 가리도록 구성되면, 외기에 의해 냉각부(920)가 냉각되는 효과가 떨어지므로, 상기 보호캡(830)에는 다수 개의 통기공(832)이 형성된다.Accordingly, the hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention may further include a protective cap 830 covering a portion of the thermoelectric element 900 exposed to the outside of the exhaust pipe 800. In this case, if the protection cap 830 is configured to completely cover the exposed portion of the thermoelectric element 900 from the outside of the exhaust pipe 800, the cooling effect of the cooling portion 920 is deteriorated by the outside air, A plurality of vent holes 832 are formed in the cap 830.

한편, 상기 통기공(832)의 보호캡(830)의 하측(더 명확하게는 지면을 향하는 측)에도 다수 개 형성되면, 노면으로부터 튀어 오르는 돌이나 흙탕물 등에 의해 냉각부(920) 및 냉각핀(940)의 손상이 유발될 수 있으므로, 상기 통기공(832)은 보호캡(830)의 측벽에만 형성됨이 바람직하다.If a large number of air holes 832 are formed on the lower side (more specifically, on the side facing the ground) of the protective cap 830 of the vent hole 832, the cooling part 920 and the cooling pin The vent hole 832 may be formed only on the side wall of the protective cap 830. In this case,

상기 보호캡(830)에 형성되는 통기공(832)의 형상 및 개수는, 보호캡(830)의 규격이나 열전소자(900)의 구조적 특성 등 여러가지 조건에 따라 다양하게 변경될 수 있다.The shape and the number of the vent holes 832 formed in the protective cap 830 can be variously changed according to various conditions such as the size of the protective cap 830 and the structural characteristics of the thermoelectric element 900.

도 5는 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차 제3 실시예의 열전소자(900) 장착구조를 도시한다.5 shows a mounting structure of a thermoelectric element 900 according to a third embodiment of the hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention.

본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는 엔진(400)이 구동하여 배기가스가 발생될 때 배기가스가 열전소자(900)의 가열부(910)에 접촉되어, 상기 열전소자(900)가 배터리(600)를 충전하도록 구성된다는 점에 가장 큰 특징이 있는데, 상기 가열부(910)로 공급되는 배기가스의 유량이 너무 많거나 배기가스의 온도가 과도하게 높은 경우 가열부(910)로 공급되는 배기가스의 유량을 조절할 필요가 있을 수 있다. 또한, 가열부(910) 측으로 전달되는 열의 온도가 급격하게 변경되면 열전소자(900)의 발전량이 급격하게 증감되므로, 열전소자(900) 및 배터리(600)의 수명을 단축시키는 문제가 야기될 수 있다.The hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention is a hybrid electric vehicle in which the exhaust gas is contacted with the heating portion 910 of the thermoelectric device 900 when the engine 400 is driven to generate the exhaust gas, When the flow rate of the exhaust gas supplied to the heating unit 910 is excessively high or when the temperature of the exhaust gas is excessively high, the amount of the exhaust gas supplied to the heating unit 910 It may be necessary to adjust the flow rate. In addition, if the temperature of the heat transmitted to the heating unit 910 is suddenly changed, the power generation amount of the thermoelectric device 900 is rapidly increased or decreased. Therefore, the life of the thermoelectric device 900 and the battery 600 may be shortened have.

따라서 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차는 배기가스의 유량 및 온도가 급변하더라도 열전소자(900)의 발전량이 일정하게 유지될 수 있도록 즉, 열전소자(900)의 가열부(910)로 전달되는 배기가스의 유량이 조절 가능하도록 구성될 수 있다. 예를 들어 본 발명에 의한 하이브리드 전기자동차에 포함되는 배기관(800)은, 배기가스가 분기되어 흐르는 분기관(810)과, 상기 분기관(810)으로 유동하는 배기가스 유량을 제어하는 개폐밸브(820)를 더 포함할 수 있다. 이때, 개폐밸브(820)가 열전소자(900)의 후방에 위치하면, 개폐밸브(820)에 부딪혀 역류하는 배기가스가 열전소자(900) 부근에서 와류를 발생시킬 우려가 있으므로, 상기 열전소자(900)는 본 실시예에 도시된 바와 같이 분기관(810) 중 상기 개폐밸브(820)가 설치된 지점의 후방에 장착됨이 바람직하다.Therefore, in the hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention, even if the flow rate and the temperature of the exhaust gas change suddenly, the amount of exhaust gas to be delivered to the heating portion 910 of the thermoelectric element 900, Can be configured to be adjustable. For example, the exhaust pipe 800 included in the hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a branch pipe 810 through which the exhaust gas is branched and an on-off valve (not shown) for controlling the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing to the branch pipe 810 820). At this time, if the opening / closing valve 820 is located behind the thermoelectric element 900, there is a possibility that the exhaust gas flowing backward against the opening / closing valve 820 generates a vortex near the thermoelectric element 900, 900 may be mounted behind the branch pipe 810 where the opening / closing valve 820 is installed as shown in this embodiment.

이와 같이 분기관(810)과 개폐밸브(820)가 추가로 구비되면, 배기가스의 유량이나 온도에 따라 분기관(810)의 유로단면적을 증감하여 가열부(910)로 흐르는 배기가스의 유량을 조절할 수 있으므로, 가열부(910)에 인가되는 열량을 일정하게 함으로써 열전소자(900)의 발전량을 일정하게 유지시킬 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 또한, 배터리(600)가 충분히 충전되어 더이상 발전할 필요가 없는 경우, 분기관(810) 유로를 완전히 폐쇄시킴으로써 열전소자(900)가 전기를 발생시키지 아니하도록 할 수도 있다.If the branch pipe 810 and the on-off valve 820 are additionally provided, the flow cross-sectional area of the branch pipe 810 is increased or decreased according to the flow rate or the temperature of the exhaust gas to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing into the heating portion 910 It is advantageous that the amount of heat generated by the thermoelectric element 900 can be kept constant by keeping the amount of heat applied to the heating part 910 constant. In addition, when the battery 600 is sufficiently charged and it is not necessary to further generate electricity, the flow path of the branch pipe 810 may be completely closed so that the thermoelectric element 900 does not generate electricity.

도 6은 가열핀(930) 및 냉각핀(940)의 다른 실시예를 도시한다.6 shows another embodiment of the heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940. As shown in Fig.

본 발명에 포함되는 열전소자(900)는 배기가스의 열을 보다 효과적으로 전달받을 수 있고 외기에 의한 냉각효율을 높일 수 있도록, 상기 가열부(910)와 냉각부(920)에 각각 다수 개의 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 구비된다.The thermoelectric element 900 included in the present invention is provided with a plurality of heating pins 910 and 920 in the heating part 910 and the cooling part 920 so as to be able to receive the heat of the exhaust gas more effectively and to increase the cooling efficiency by the outside air, (930) and a cooling fin (940).

이때, 상기 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 항상 수직으로 세워진 상태를 유지하도록 즉, 외력에 의해 쉽게 휘어지지 아니하는 구조로 제작되면, 배기가스 유동압이 크거나 차량의 주행속도가 높은 경우 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 변형되거나 파단되는 현상이 발생될 수 있다. 따라서 상기 가열핀(930)은 가열부(910)의 외측면에 수직으로 세워지는 금속판 형상으로 형성되되, 상기 배기관(800) 내부에 흐르는 배기가스의 유동압에 의해 휘어질 수 있도록 폭방향이 상기 배기가스 유동방향과 직각을 이루도록 배열됨이 바람직하다. 마찬가지로 상기 냉각핀(940) 역시, 냉각부(920)의 외측면에 수직으로 세워지는 금속판 형상으로 형성되되, 차량 주행 시 발생되는 외부공기 압력에 의해 휘어질 수 있도록 폭방향이 차량 주행방향과 직각을 이루도록 배열됨이 바람직하다.At this time, if the heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 are constructed so as to be always vertically erected, that is, they are not easily bent by an external force, if the exhaust gas flow pressure is large or the traveling speed of the vehicle is The heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 may be deformed or broken. Accordingly, the heating pin 930 is formed in a metal plate shape vertically installed on the outer surface of the heating unit 910, and the width of the heating pin 930 is set to be smaller than the width of the heating plate 930 in order to be bent by the flow pressure of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe 800. And is arranged to be perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction. Likewise, the cooling fins 940 are also formed in a metal plate shape vertically installed on the outer surface of the cooling portion 920. The cooling fins 940 also have a width direction perpendicular to the vehicle running direction so as to be bent by external air pressure generated when the vehicle is running. Respectively.

이와 같이 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 휘어질 수 있는 구조로 구성되면, 배기가스의 유속이나 차량의 주행속도가 높더라도 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 파손될 우려가 없으므로, 열전소자(900)의 내구성이 향상된다는 효과를 얻을 수 있다.If the heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 are configured to be bent as described above, there is a fear that the heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 are damaged even if the flow velocity of the exhaust gas or the running speed of the vehicle is high It is possible to obtain an effect that the durability of the thermoelectric element 900 is improved.

또한, 배기가스의 유속 및 차량의 주행속도가 높으면, 가열부(910)로 전달되는 열량이 과도하게 높아지고 냉각부(920)의 냉각율이 과도하게 높아질 우려가 있는데, 상기 언급한 바와 같이 배기가스의 유속 및 차량의 주행속도가 증가하였을 때 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 휘어져 기울어지면 가열핀(930)에 접촉되는 배기가스 유량과 냉각핀(940)에 접촉되는 외기의 유량이 감소하므로, 가열부(910)로 전달되는 열량이 과도하게 높아지는 현상이나 냉각부(920)의 냉각율이 과도하게 높아지는 현상을 방지할 수 있다는 장점이 있다.In addition, if the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the running speed of the vehicle are high, the amount of heat transferred to the heating portion 910 becomes excessively high and the cooling rate of the cooling portion 920 may become excessively high. The flow rate of the exhaust gas contacting the heating pin 930 and the flow rate of the outside air in contact with the cooling fin 940 are set to be smaller than the flow rate of the outside air contacting the cooling fin 940 when the heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 are inclined There is an advantage that the phenomenon that the amount of heat transferred to the heating unit 910 becomes excessively high or the phenomenon that the cooling rate of the cooling unit 920 becomes excessively high can be prevented.

한편, 상기 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)은 배기가스 및 외기와의 접촉면적을 증대시킬 수만 있다면 어떠한 형상으로도 선택될 수 있지만, 상기 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 바늘과 같이 지름이 매우 작은 원통형상으로 형성되면 접촉면적 증대효과가 미미해진다는 단점이 있다. 따라서 상기 가열핀(930)은, 가열부(910)의 외측면과 수직을 이루는 방향으로 길게 연장된 가열관통슬롯(934)이 형성된 가열헤드부(932)와, 상기 가열헤드부(932)를 가열부(910)에 연결하는 가열네크부(936)로 구성될 수 있다. 마찬가지로 상기 냉각핀(940)은, 냉각부(920)의 외측면과 수직을 이루는 방향으로 길게 연장된 냉각관통슬롯(944)이 형성된 냉각헤드부(942)와, 상기 냉각헤드부(942)를 냉각부(920)에 연결하는 냉각네크부(946)로 구성될 수 있다.The heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 may be formed in any shape as long as they can increase the contact area between the exhaust gas and the outside air. It is disadvantageous in that the contact area increasing effect becomes insignificant when formed into a cylindrical shape having a very small diameter like a needle. The heating pin 930 includes a heating head portion 932 having a heating through slot 934 elongated in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the heating portion 910, And a heating neck portion 936 connected to the heating portion 910. Similarly, the cooling fin 940 includes a cooling head portion 942 having a cooling through slot 944 extending in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the cooling portion 920, And a cooling neck portion 946 connected to the cooling portion 920.

가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)이 도 6에 도시된 형상으로 형성되면, 배기가스와 가열핀(930) 간의 열전달률을 높일 수 있고, 외기와 냉각핀(940) 간의 열전달률을 높일 수 있으므로, 배기가스의 유량이 적고 차량의 주행속도가 낮더라도 많은 양의 전기를 발생시켜 배터리(600)를 충분히 충전시킬 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 물론, 상기 가열핀(930)과 냉각핀(940)은, 배기가스 및 외기와의 접촉면적을 증대시킬 수 있다면, 본 실시예에 도시된 형상 이외에 어떠한 형상으로도 대체될 수 있다.6, the heat transfer rate between the exhaust gas and the heating pin 930 can be increased and the heat transfer rate between the outside air and the cooling fin 940 can be increased Therefore, even if the flow rate of the exhaust gas is small and the running speed of the vehicle is low, it is possible to sufficiently charge the battery 600 by generating a large amount of electricity. Of course, the heating pin 930 and the cooling fin 940 can be replaced with any shape other than the shape shown in this embodiment, as long as the contact area between the exhaust gas and the outside air can be increased.

이상, 본 발명을 바람직한 실시예를 사용하여 상세히 설명하였으나, 본 발명의 범위는 특정 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 첨부된 특허청구범위에 의하여 해석되어야 할 것이다. 또한, 이 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 습득한 자라면, 본 발명의 범위에서 벗어나지 않으면서도 많은 수정과 변형이 가능함을 이해하여야 할 것이다.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It will also be appreciated that many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

100 : 구동휠 200 : 주행부
300 : 모터 400 : 엔진
500 : 발전기 600 : 배터리
700 : 제어부 800 : 배기관
810 : 분기관 820 : 개폐밸브
830 : 보호캡 832 : 통기공
900 : 열전소자 910 : 가열부
920 : 냉각부 930 : 가열핀
932 : 가열헤드부 934 : 가열관통슬롯
936 : 가열네크부 940 : 냉각핀
942 : 냉각헤드부 944 : 냉각관통슬롯
946 : 냉각네크부 100: drive wheel 200:
300: motor 400: engine
500: Generator 600: Battery
700: control unit 800: exhaust pipe
810: branch pipe 820: opening / closing valve
830: Protective cap 832: Vent hole
900: thermoelectric element 910: heating part
920: cooling section 930: heating pin
932: heating head portion 934: heating through slot
936: heating neck portion 940: cooling pin
942: cooling head portion 944: cooling through slot
946: Cooling neck portion

Claims (8)

구동휠을 구동시키기 위한 주행부;
저속 주행 시 상기 주행부에 구동력을 공급하는 모터;
고속 주행 시 상기 주행부에 구동력을 공급하는 엔진;
상기 모터에 전류를 공급하는 배터리;
상기 엔진에서 발생된 동력을 이용하여 상기 배터리를 충전시키는 발전기;
상기 모터와 엔진과 발전기의 동작을 제어하는 제어부;
상기 엔진에서 발생된 배기가스를 외부로 배출시키는 배기관; 및
상기 배기관 내측을 흐르는 배기가스의 열을 전달받는 가열부와, 외기에 의해 냉각되는 냉각부를 구비하여, 상기 배기관 내측으로 배기가스가 흐를 때 전기를 발생시켜 상기 배터리를 충전시키는 열전소자;를 포함하고,
상기 열전소자는, 상기 가열부의 외측면에 구비되는 다수 개의 가열핀과, 상기 냉각부의 외측면에 구비되는 다수 개의 냉각핀을 포함하고,
상기 가열핀은 상기 가열부의 외측면에 수직으로 세워지는 금속판 형상으로 형성되되, 상기 배기관 내부에 흐르는 배기가스의 유동압에 의해 휘어질 수 있도록 폭방향이 상기 배기가스 유동방향과 직각을 이루도록 배열되고,
상기 냉각핀은 상기 냉각부의 외측면에 수직으로 세워지는 금속판 형상으로 형성되되, 차량 주행 시 발생되는 외부공기 압력에 의해 휘어질 수 있도록 폭방향이 차량 주행방향과 직각을 이루도록 배열되고,
상기 가열핀은, 상기 가열부의 외측면과 수직을 이루는 방향으로 길게 연장된 가열관통슬롯이 형성된 가열헤드부와, 상기 가열헤드부를 상기 가열부에 연결하는 가열네크부로 구분되고,
상기 냉각핀은, 상기 냉각부의 외측면과 수직을 이루는 방향으로 길게 연장된 냉각관통슬롯이 형성된 냉각헤드부와, 상기 냉각헤드부를 상기 냉각부에 연결하는 냉각네크부로 구분되는 것을 특징으로 하는 하이브리드 전기자동차.A driving unit for driving the driving wheels;
A motor for supplying a driving force to the traveling portion when traveling at a low speed;
An engine for supplying a driving force to the traveling portion at a high speed traveling;
A battery for supplying current to the motor;
A generator for charging the battery using power generated by the engine;
A controller for controlling operations of the motor, the engine, and the generator;
An exhaust pipe for discharging the exhaust gas generated in the engine to the outside; And
And a thermoelectric element having a heating part for receiving the heat of the exhaust gas flowing through the inside of the exhaust pipe and a cooling part for cooling by the outside air to generate electricity when the exhaust gas flows into the exhaust pipe, ,
Wherein the thermoelectric element includes a plurality of heating fins provided on an outer surface of the heating unit and a plurality of cooling fins provided on an outer surface of the cooling unit,
The heating pin is formed in a metal plate perpendicular to the outer surface of the heating unit and is arranged so that the width direction thereof is perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction so as to be bent by the flow pressure of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe ,
The cooling fin is formed in a metal plate shape perpendicular to the outer surface of the cooling unit. The cooling fin is arranged so that the width direction is perpendicular to the running direction of the vehicle so as to be bent by the external air pressure generated when the vehicle is running.
Wherein the heating pin is divided into a heating head portion having a heating through slot elongated in a direction perpendicular to an outer surface of the heating portion and a heating neck portion connecting the heating head portion to the heating portion,
Wherein the cooling fin is divided into a cooling head portion formed with a cooling through slot extending in a direction perpendicular to an outer surface of the cooling portion and a cooling neck portion connecting the cooling head portion to the cooling portion. car. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109904915A (en) * 2019-03-08 2019-06-18 庞黎禹 A kind of pure high speed electric vehicle wheel regenerative electric power charging system
KR102577565B1 (en) * 2022-11-11 2023-09-12 한화시스템 주식회사 Power supply for mobile antenna equipment

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004360681A (en) * 2003-05-09 2004-12-24 Denso Corp Thermoelectric power generation apparatus
KR100869322B1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2008-11-18 임석연 Thermoelectric generation system for waste heat

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004360681A (en) * 2003-05-09 2004-12-24 Denso Corp Thermoelectric power generation apparatus
KR100869322B1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2008-11-18 임석연 Thermoelectric generation system for waste heat

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109904915A (en) * 2019-03-08 2019-06-18 庞黎禹 A kind of pure high speed electric vehicle wheel regenerative electric power charging system
KR102577565B1 (en) * 2022-11-11 2023-09-12 한화시스템 주식회사 Power supply for mobile antenna equipment

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