KR101888613B1 - Method for promoting germination of panicum miliaceum seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a step of mixing the granitic seed with the diatomaceous earth and water until the seeds have a water potential of -1.3 MPa to -0.5 MPa for a predetermined time at a temperature below the germination temperature, The number of germination days of the seed can be greatly shortened and the germination speed can be remarkably improved.

Description

METHOD FOR PROMOTING GERMINATION OF PANICUM MILIACEUM SEEDS [0002]

The present invention relates to a germination promoting method for millet seeds.

(Panicum miliaceum L.) is a perennial herbaceous herbaceous plant which grows in a semi-arid desert area and has a short growth period and is well adapted to soil conditions of various climates, reclaimed land and barnyard. It has more than 50% carbohydrate inhibitory activity, (77.7%), and anti-inflammatory activity (97.3%).

The captain is expected to replace rice as an income crop because the rice demand is reduced and the grain imports are increasing. It is difficult to expand the cultivation area based on small scale farming and the yield per unit area is 1,400kg / ha, which is 60% of the world average. to be.

It is known that the millet, which is a cereal millet, is a non-uniform seedlings, which causes a decrease in germination rate, a decrease in growth and development, and a decrease in the rate of packaging.

Improvement of germination and embryo yield is an essential requirement for crop productivity and direct seeding.

Seed processing method can be used as a scientific and practical method to solve the problem of low germination rate and uneven seeding rate due to various environment of seeding machine and small seed size. Seed pretreatment methods to improve the germination of crop seeds include osmopriming, which is immersed in osmotic solution with low water potential, and solid matrix priming (SMP), which uses solid materials with high matric potential.

The first stage of seed germination is the stage where DNA and mitochondria are prepared and mRNA is used to synthesize proteins, which absorbs moisture to a limited extent to germinate. In the second step, newly synthesized mRNA is called lag phase or activation phase because synthesis of mitochondrial protein and major metabolism for germination of the embryo are carried out. Seed pretreatment is maintained for as long as possible before the transition to the third stage of germination, and the seeds can be re-dried and stored without germination with sufficient metabolic processes for germination. It is possible to seed at all times, .

Regarding the pretreatment of these seeds, seed priming treatment techniques for small seeds such as vegetables and flowers have been developed, but no seed treatment technology has been developed for improving the seeding rate of seedlings. The effect of inorganic salts or PEG priming varies depending on the species. This is due to the difference in the structure of the selective semipermeable layer surrounding the embryo, and therefore it is necessary to establish a seed pretreatment method suitable for the species.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2000-0072140

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of promoting germination of millet seeds, which is specialized for millet seeds and is excellent in germination promoting degree.

1. A method for accelerating germination of millet seeds comprising mixing millet seeds with diatomaceous earth and water until the seeds have a water potential of -1.3 MPa to -0.5 MPa at a temperature below the germination temperature for a predetermined time.

2. The method of promoting germination of millet according to 1 above, wherein the temperature is 15 to 25 占 폚.

3. The method for promoting germination of millet according to 1 above, wherein said time is from 12 to 36 hours.

4. The method of promoting germination of millet according to 1 above, wherein the water is mixed so that the amount of absorption of diatomaceous earth is 60 to 80% by weight.

5. The method of promoting germination of millet according to 1 above, wherein the diatomaceous earth is mixed with the seed at a volume ratio of 1: 0.7 to 1.3.

6. The method of promoting germination of millet according to claim 1, further comprising the step of selecting the millet seed having a grain size of 1.4 mm or more.

7. A method for promoting germination of millet seeds, further comprising the step of selecting a millet seed having a specific gravity of 1.02 or more in the above item 1.

8. The method of promoting germination of millet according to 7 above, wherein said selection is carried out by immersing millet seeds in an aqueous potassium nitrate solution at a concentration of 3% by weight to select seeds that sink.

The germination promoting method for millet seeds of the present invention is a germination promoting method specialized for millet seeds, whereby the number of germination days of millet seeds can be greatly shortened and the germination speed can be remarkably improved.

Fig. 1 is a photograph of each carrier in which water is absorbed, treated with millet seeds.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The method for promoting germination of millet seeds of the present invention comprises mixing millet seeds with diatomaceous earth and water until the seeds have a water potential of -1.3 MPa to -0.5 MPa at a temperature below the germination temperature for a predetermined time.

The inventors of the present invention have found that seeds of the present invention have a remarkably superior degree of germination when the seeds are rehydrated after being subjected to a priming treatment in which the water potential of seeds is mixed with diatomaceous earth and water and then sown and then sown.

Matric potential is a measure of the tendency to adsorb water molecules under atmospheric pressure, such as the tension between mattresses (soil particles, solids, cell walls, etc.) in contact with water molecules, the force , Which has little effect on common plant cells, but plays a very important role in determining water potential in dry seeds. Water potential refers to the potential energy of a unit amount of water, and when the water potential of the plant is low, the ability to absorb water increases. The water potential of the dried seed has a value of -350 MPa to -50 MPa.

The mixing of the seed with diatomaceous earth and water is carried out until the seed has a water potential of -1.3 MPa to -0.5 MPa. By mixing millet seeds with diatomaceous earth and water, the millet seeds absorb moisture from the water-absorbed diatomite and promote internal metabolism of the seeds, thereby increasing the water potential. When the water potential of the seed is less than -1.3 MPa, the effect of promoting germination is insignificant. When the seed weight exceeds -0.5 MPa, the metabolism is excessively promoted, so that the seed may germinate after 24 hours. More specifically, 0.7 MPa.

The mixing is not particularly limited as long as the diatomaceous earth can be brought into contact with the surface of the granitic seed. For example, the seed can be mixed with diatomaceous earth and water. Specifically, the diatomite absorbing water can be mixed with the seed , But is not limited thereto.

The water potential of seeds in diatomaceous earth treatment can be controlled by varying the mixing temperature with the seeds, the mixing time, the particle size of the diatomaceous earth, the mixing ratio with diatomaceous earth, and the amount of water added.

The method for promoting germination of millet seeds of the present invention mixes millet seeds with diatomaceous earth and water at a temperature below the germination temperature. The above method is a method for promoting germination of millet seeds. Since the seeds are not germinated but their metabolism is promoted before sowing, millet seeds are mixed with diatomaceous earth at a germination temperature or lower.

Since the germination temperature of the millet seed is 30 ° C to 31 ° C, the mixing can be performed at, for example, 15 to 25 ° C, and specifically, 18 to 22 ° C, but is not limited thereto. When the temperature is within the above range, the metabolism of the seed is excessively promoted, so that germination during treatment or shortening of the shelf life after drying is prevented, and the germination promoting effect after sowing can be maximized.

The mixing can be processed for a predetermined time so that the seed absorbs the appropriate moisture. For example, 12 to 36 hours, and specifically, 18 to 30 hours, but the present invention is not limited thereto. When the mixing time is within the above range, the metabolism of the seed is excessively promoted, so that germination during processing or shortening of the storage life after drying is prevented, and the germination promoting effect after sowing can be maximized.

The diatomaceous earth may be, for example, an average particle diameter of 10 to 30 占 퐉, and specifically 12 to 28 占 퐉. When the average particle diameter is within the above range, the water can be homogeneously conducted

The mixing ratio of the diatomaceous earth can be mixed with the seeds, for example, in a volume ratio of 1: 0.7 to 1.3, and specifically in a volume ratio of 1: 0.8 to 1.2. When the mixing ratio is within the above range, the water adsorption rate is excellent and germination can be promoted.

The water can be mixed so that the amount of absorption of diatomaceous earth is 60 to 80%. If the absorption amount is less than 60%, the germination inducing period can not be reached and the germination promoting effect is not exhibited. If the absorption amount is more than 70%, germination may occur during treatment or the storage life after drying may be shortened.

In this specification, the absorption amount of diatomite refers to how much of the absorbed moisture corresponds to 100% of the 100% when the absorbed amount of moisture at the maximum absorption weight of diatomite is taken as 100%.

The water may be mixed to have the absorption amount according to the absorption ratio of the following formula (1) of diatomaceous earth.

[Equation 1]

Absorption rate (%) = (maximum absorption weight-dry weight) / dry weight 100

If necessary, the present invention may further comprise the step of selecting the millet seed having a grain size of 1.4 mm or more.

Since the degree of germination is superior to that of 1.4 mm or more in grain size, the germination promoting effect can be further improved by selectively using millet seeds having a grain size of 1.4 mm or more.

As a method of selecting seeds having a grain size of 1.4 mm or more, for example, seeds sifted with a sieve having a diameter of 1.4 mm can be sieved to select seeds, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The order of the step of selecting the seeds having a particle diameter of 1.4 mm or more is not particularly limited and may be performed before or after the mixing with the diatomaceous earth and water as described above.

If necessary, the present invention may further include the step of selecting the millet seed having a specific gravity of 1.02 or more.

Since the degree of germination is superior to that of 1.02 or more in specific gravity, the germination promoting effect can be further improved by selectively using millet seeds having a specific gravity of 1.02 or more.

The method of selecting seeds having a specific gravity of 1.02 or more can be selected, for example, by calculating the specific gravity by measuring the volume and weight of the seeds, or by seeding the seeds in a liquid having a specific gravity of 1.02.

The liquid if a specific gravity of 1.02 is not particularly limited, preferably potassium nitrate (KNO _3), potassium phosphate _{(K 3 PO 4, KH 2} PO 4), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄₎ weapons, such as in terms of germination promoting Salt solution.

The order of the step of selecting the millet seed having a specific gravity of 1.02 or more is not particularly limited and may be carried out before or after the mixing with the diatomaceous earth and water as described above. It may also be performed before or after seed selection with a grain size of 1.4 mm or more.

The method of promoting germination of millet seeds of the present invention can remove diatomaceous earth from the millet seeds and dry the millet seeds to have a mixed moisture content with diatomaceous earth and water.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

Example

1. Mix seed, diatomaceous earth and water

The seeds of golden millet were used as seeds.

Diatomaceous earth (trade names: MW25 (10 mu m), MW27 (13 mu m), Speed plus (28 mu m) and FW60 (48 mu m)) having different particle sizes of kaolin, vermiculite and four kinds of matrix carriers were used. Distilled water was added to each carrier so that the amount of absorption was 30%, 50%, and 70%, and the density of each carrier was measured and mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 with the seed volume.

division density carrier
Absorption rate carrier
Absorption Weight ratio carrier  (g / ml) (%) (%) strain carrier water kaoline 0.526 120 30 One 0.85 0.30 50 One 0.85 0.51 70 One 0.85 0.71 Vermiculite 0.160 500 30 One 0.26 0.39 50 One 0.26 0.64 70 One 0.26 0.90 Diatomaceous earth
(10 m) 0.330 172 30 One 0.53 0.27 50 One 0.53 0.46 70 One 0.53 0.64 Diatomaceous earth
(13 m) 0.243 227 30 One 0.39 0.27 50 One 0.39 0.44 70 One 0.39 0.62 Diatomaceous earth
(28 m) 0.324 208 30 One 0.52 0.33 50 One 0.52 0.54 70 One 0.52 0.76 Diatomaceous earth
(48 m) 0.452 192 30 One 0.73 0.42 50 One 0.73 0.70 70 One 0.73 0.98 Millet seed 0.621 - - - - -

All carriers were treated for 24 hours in an incubator at 20 占 폚 in a dark condition so that seeds were sufficiently embedded in the carriers moistened to the sealing bags. Carrier treated seeds were harvested from the seeds immediately after they were taken out of the incubator and the moisture potential of the seeds was measured at room temperature (WP4C, potentiometer) and the moisture content was measured with a balance. After treatment, the seeds were washed with tertiary distillation and dried in a low temperature blower at 20 DEG C for 24 hours to the original moisture content.

2. Evaluation of seed quality

(1) Evaluation method

The germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), germination rate (GR) and germination The germination uniformity (GU) was calculated.

Germination rate and germination rate are the number of seeds that can be germinated per day and germination rate. The higher the value of these three indices, the higher the germinability do. The average number of days of germination (MGT) and germination uniformity (GU) is a measure of the number of days required to reach the germination rate and the uniformity of germination at the same time. GU is the best value when germinated in one day and 1.0, which means that the uniformity is lowered as the value becomes larger. As seeds with lower germination rate become 1.0 even if germinated in a day, they are evaluated comprehensively compared with other indexes do.

&Quot; (2) "

&Quot; (3) "

&Quot; (4) "

&Quot; (5) "

&Quot; (6) "

D = Number of days after planting

n = Number of germinated seeds on day D

N = Number of final germinated seeds

(2) Evaluation results

1) Germination characteristics according to seed grain size

The seeds having been subjected to the diatomite treatment with the above 70% absorption amount were sieved and sieved by dividing seeds into seeds.

division GP (%) MGT (Sun) GI GR (% ¹ ) GU No treatment 90 ab 1.3 18.8 75.3 -0.86 1.4 mm < 95 a 1.3 20.8 83.0 -0.83 Particle diameter <1.4 mm 85 b 1.4 16.8 67.3 -0.79

(1% level), GP: Germination percentage, MGT: mean germination time, GI: germination index, GU: germinatin uniformity );

Referring to the above results, since the seeds having a size of less than 1.4 mm show a germination rate of 85%, it can be confirmed that removing seeds having a size of 1.4 mm or less is effective in improving germination quality.

2) Germination characteristics according to specific gravity (specific gravity = 1.0190)

Seeds subjected to the diatomite treatment with the above 70% absorption amount were immersed in KNO ₃ at a concentration of ₃ % by weight to evaluate the germination characteristics of the seeds and the floating seeds.

division GP (%) MGT (Sun) GI GR (% ¹ ) GU KNO ₃ no treatment 90 b 1.3 b 18.8 a 75 a -0.86 ab Sink 99 a 1.8 a 15.5 a b 62 ab -0.74 a floating 85 b 1.9 a 11.7 b 47 b -0.93 c

As a result, it was confirmed that the germination characteristics of sunk seeds were improved as compared with the non-treated and floating groups.

3) carrier  Germination characteristics by treatment

carrier Carrier absorption capacity
(%) GP
(%) MGT
(Work) GI GR
(% ¹ ) GU Seed moisture potential
(MPa) Seed moisture content
(%) Diatomaceous earth
(10 탆) 30 94 2.0 a 12.0 fg 50.6 f -0.9 -4.38 26.8 50 96 1.8 a-c 15.1 c-e 57.3 c-e -0.8 -2.31 29.4 70 95 1.7 b-d 14.9 c-e 57.7 c-e -0.8 -2.28 29.4 Diatomaceous earth
(13 탆) 30 99 1.8 b-d 14.7 c-e 55.2 d-f -0.8 -4.42 26.9 50 96 1.8 b-d 14.9 c-e 56.4 d-f -0.7 -2.06 30.0 70 93 1.3 f 19.0 a 74.2 a -0.8 -1.11 31.1 Diatomaceous earth
(28 탆) 30 94 1.7 b-d 15.4 b-e 59.9 b-e -0.8 -4.67 27.5 50 95 1.5 d-f 17.5 a-d 66.4 a-c -0.7 -1.33 30.4 70 93 1.4 f 18.1 ab 72.7 a -0.8 -0.72 31.9 Diatomaceous earth
(48 탆) 30 94 1.5 d-f 17.8 a-c 69.1 ag -0.8 -2.13 29.0 50 95 1.6 c-f 17.0 a-e 64.6 a-d -0.7 -0.40 32.8 70 85 1.7 c-e 14.1 e-g 58.9 c-e -0.1 -0.05 34.8 No treatment - 95 2.1 a 11.6 g 47.6 f -0.7 -60.70 11.2

carrier Carrier absorption capacity
(%) GP
(%) MGT
(Work) GI GR
(% ¹ ) GU Seed moisture potential
(MPa) Seed moisture content
(%) kaoline 30 96 a 2.1 a 11.5 d 48.0 d -0.9 -6.97 25.2 50 96 a 1.7 b 15.3 c 57.8 c -0.8 -5.38 28.6 70 97 a 1.7 b 15.7 bc 58.5 c -0.7 -0.18 33.4 Vermiculite 30 97 a 1.8 b 15.1 b 56.8 c -0.7 -1.88 29.5 50 94 a 1.5 cd 17.7 b 65.7 b -0.6 -0.13 34.1 70 94 a 1.5 cd 17.5 b 67.3 b -0.7 -0.02 37.3 No treatment - 95 a 2.1 a 11.6 d 47.6 d -0.7 -60.70 11.2

The germination rate was improved by the carrier treatment as compared with the control and the germination day was shortened.

Specifically, when the water potential of the seed at -1.11 MPa was -0.72 MPa during diatomaceous earth treatment, the number of days of germination was greatly shortened and the germination speed was accelerated. However, when the water potential is higher or lower than the above range in other carrier treatment, such excellent germination promoting effect is not exhibited.

Claims (8)

By mixing the seeds with diatomaceous earth having a particle size of 13 to 28 mu m in a volume ratio of 1: 0.8 to 1.2, absorbing water at 60 to 80 wt% relative to the amount of water absorption at 18 to 22 DEG C for 18 to 30 hours, To 1.2 MPa to -0.7 MPa.
delete delete delete delete The method of promoting germination of millet according to claim 1, further comprising the step of selecting a millet seed having a grain size of 1.4 mm or more.
The method for promoting germination of millet according to claim 1, further comprising the step of selecting a millet seed having a specific gravity of 1.02 or more.
[Claim 7] The method according to claim 7, wherein the selection is performed by immersing the millet seed in an aqueous solution of potassium nitrate at a concentration of 3% by weight to select the seed to sink.

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