KR101848683B1 - Sea to fresh water using solar energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination device using solar heat comprising a large convex lens, a lens cover, an evaporation unit, a heating medium oil heating plate, a heating plate temperature sensing sensor, a heat exchanging device, a seawater spraying module, and an upper pipe. The large convex lens collects the solar heat. The lens cover is combined with the large convex lens to prevent heat damage and diffused reflection of the large convex lens. The evaporation unit is connected to the lens cover. The heating medium oil heating plate is provided on one side of the evaporation unit; and is heated at 600-800°Cincreased by focusing on a focus part of the large convex lens. The heating plate temperature sensing sensor senses the temperature of the heating medium oil heating plate. The heat exchanging device is connected to the evaporation unit and forms a space which receives seawater and cools vapor. The seawater spraying module is arranged between the evaporation unit and the heat exchanging device and sprays the seawater of the heat exchanging device to a rear surface of the heating medium oil heating plate through a transfer pump connected to a pipe. The upper pipe moves the vapor, which is formed by touching the seawater to the rear surface of the heating medium oil heating plate, through a vapor discharging pipe with self-pressure. An end unit of the upper pipe is connected to the heat exchanging device. The vapor moved to the heat exchanging device through the upper pipe is cooled and condensed by the seawater of the heat exchanging device. Therefore, the seawater can be changed to pure fresh water.

Description

[0001] SEA TO FRESH WATER USING SOLAR ENERGY [0002]

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus using solar heat, and more particularly, to a seawater desalination apparatus using a solar heat that is capable of desalination of seawater as a compact and efficient structure unlike the past, .

It refers to a series of water treatment processes in which high-purity drinking water, domestic water, and industrial water are obtained by removing dissolved substances including salts from living waters and industrial waters, which are difficult to use directly. It is also called seawater desalination, and facilities used to produce seawater as freshwater are called seawater desalination plants or desalination plants.

The desalination plant is a facility that removes salt to make fresh water by economical method so that 98% of the earth's water or sea water can be used for human life. When the rain falls on the ground, it flows into the sea through various paths. As the water flows over the ground and into the ground, minerals and other substances dissolve and salinity increases gradually. Water arriving in the sea or lowlands is evaporated by solar energy, leaving a salt in this evaporation process, and only pure water forms clouds and circulates. This is evident in the process of evaporation where physical separation takes place and the condensation process in which water vapor meets cold air and turns into rainwater. This process is a typical desalination in natural phenomena.

The method of seawater desalination is largely classified according to the basic principle. Reverse osmosis (reverse osmosis), which produces fresh water by passing seawater through semi-permeable membranes by reversing the evaporation method and the osmosis phenomenon by heating seawater using a heat source and condensing the generated steam to obtain fresh water, It is a representative method of seawater desalination. The evaporation method using a heat source is divided into a multi-stage flash (MSF) and a multi-effect distillation (MED) according to the flow pattern of the fluid. In addition, crystallization method, ion exchange membrane method, solvent extraction method and pressure adsorption method are applied to seawater desalination. However, currently widely used seawater desalination methods are MSF, MED and RO technologies. Hybrid method, which produces high-quality products, may be applied.

On the other hand, water shortage has been caused by the global idealized temperature phenomenon recently. In order to solve the water shortage problem, various methods such as dam construction and groundwater development have been researched and developed, but it is not a fundamental solution for securing water resources. Therefore, to solve the water shortage problem, we have to use seawater.

So far, most seawater desalination methods can be separated by evaporation and reverse osmosis.

The evaporation method requires a large amount of energy. On the other hand, the reverse osmosis method forms a polymer membrane to purify the seawater and consumes less energy.

However, the reverse osmosis method removes beneficial components contained in seawater, and seawater is separated into concentrated water containing treated water and a large amount of salt, thereby requiring separate treatment of concentrated water

Since 97% of the earth's water is seawater and 71% of the earth's surface is composed of sea, there is a need to desalinate the seawater in a more effective way to solve the water shortage.

Korea Patent Office Application No. 10-2009-0117349 Korea Patent Office Application No. 10-2009-0119950 Korea Patent Office Application No. 10-2009-0119952 Korea Patent Office Application No. 10-2016-0012446

An object of the present invention is to provide a seawater desalination apparatus using solar heat that is capable of desalination of seawater with a compact and efficient structure unlike the past, and which can solve the water shortage phenomenon.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a seawater desalination apparatus using solar heat, which can provide fresh water free from salt by maximizing the use of solar heat and vaporizing seawater without any additional power.

In particular, it is another object of the present invention to provide a desalination apparatus using solar heat that can utilize only resources obtained from pure nature without external power to desalinate seawater, thereby contributing to the natural environment.

The above object is achieved by an apparatus for desalinating seawater using solar heat, comprising: a large convex lens for collecting the solar heat; A lens cover coupled to the large convex lens to prevent heat loss and diffused reflection of the large convex lens; An evaporation unit connected to the lens cover; A heating medium heat exchange plate provided at one side of the evaporation unit and heated to a temperature of about 600 to 800 DEG C collected at a focal point of the large convex lens and collected; A heating plate temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the heating medium heat plate; A heat exchanger connected to the evaporation unit and serving as a place where seawater is supplied and water vapor is cooled; A seawater spraying module disposed between the evaporating unit and the heat exchanger and spraying the seawater contained in the heat exchanger toward the back surface of the heat medium heat plate through a transfer pump connected to the pipeline; And an upper pipe connected to the heat exchanger such that water vapor formed as the seawater contacts the back surface of the heat medium heat plate is moved to its own pressure through the steam discharge pipe and is moved to the heat exchanger through the upper pipe, And the water vapor is cooled and condensed by the seawater contained in the heat exchanger, thereby changing into pure fresh water.

A control unit for automatically controlling the operation of all the components used to desalinate the seawater; A small power generation turbine provided in the upper piping and supplying self-produced electricity; And a bypass line provided in the upper piping, to which an automatic valve controlled by the control unit is attached.

The control unit controls the temperature of the heat medium heat plate sensed by the heat plate temperature sensor to be monitored in real time only when the temperature of the heat medium heat plate is 300 ° C or more, And when the temperature of the heat medium heat plate is lower than 300 ° C, the operation of spraying the seawater can be controlled to be stopped.

The heating medium heat-exchanging plate includes an iron plate casing having an outer appearance; And a heating medium oil filled in the iron plate casing, wherein a vapor discharge pressure is additionally provided on the heat medium heat plate, and the vapor discharge pressure plate may be attached to the vapor discharge pipe.

A large convex lens to which the lens cover is coupled, various evaporation units, a transfer pump, and various piping including a small power generation turbine are integrally formed as one body, and integrally rotatable base plates for supporting them integrally; A rotating shaft connected to the center of the integral rotating base plate; A small gear coupled to the rotating shaft; A large gear engaged with the small gear; A first motor for driving the large gear; A tilting unit connected to the rotating shaft; And a second motor for driving the tilting unit.

Solar panels for additional power supply; A storage battery for storing electricity produced by the solar panel, the storage battery being connected to the control unit; And a solar sensor for tracking the position of the sun.

According to the present invention, the seawater can be desalinated with a compact and efficient structure unlike the past, and the water shortage phenomenon can be solved thereby.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide fresh water free from salt by making use of solar heat as much as possible and vaporizing seawater without any additional power.

In particular, according to the present invention, it is possible to desalinate seawater by utilizing only resources obtained from pure nature without external power, thereby contributing to the natural environment.

1 is a configuration diagram of a seawater desalination apparatus using solar heat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a side view of the evaporation unit.
Fig. 3 is a rear view of Fig. 2. Fig.
4 is a plan view of the heat medium oil heat plate.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of a seawater desalination apparatus using the solar heat of FIG. 1;
7 is a configuration diagram of a seawater desalination apparatus using solar heat according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

However, the description of the present invention is merely an example for structural or functional explanation, and thus the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the embodiments described in the text.

For example, since the embodiments are susceptible to various modifications and various forms, the scope of the present invention should be construed as including equivalents capable of realizing technical ideas.

It is to be understood that the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto since the object or effect of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.

In the present specification, the present embodiment is provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to fully disclose the scope of the invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. And the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

Thus, in some embodiments, well known components, well known operations, and well-known techniques are not specifically described to avoid an undesirable interpretation of the present invention.

It is to be understood that the meaning of the terms used in the present invention is not limited to a dictionary meaning, but should be understood as follows.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, but there may be other elements in between. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. On the other hand, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

It should be understood that the singular " include "or" have "are to be construed as including a stated feature, number, step, operation, component, It is to be understood that the combination is intended to specify that it does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

All terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined.

Commonly used predefined terms should be interpreted to be consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and can not be interpreted as having ideal or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description of the embodiments, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and explanations of the same reference numerals will be omitted in some cases.

(One embodiment)

2 is a side view of the evaporation unit, FIG. 3 is a rear view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a heat medium oil heat plate, and FIG. 5 is a cross- 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of a seawater desalination apparatus using the solar heat of FIG.

Referring to these drawings, the seawater desalination apparatus using the solar heat according to the present embodiment is capable of desalination of seawater by using solar heat but having a compact and efficient structure unlike the past, thereby solving the water shortage phenomenon.

To this end, the solar water desalination apparatus using solar heat according to the present embodiment includes a large convex lens 110, an evaporation unit 120, and a heat exchanger 130.

The solar heat is collected through the large convex lens 110 at the focal point of the large convex lens 110 and collected. So that the temperature is about 600 to 800 ° C.

A sun reflector may be used instead of the large convex lens 110, all of which are within the scope of the present invention.

The lens cover 111 is coupled to the large convex lens 110 to prevent heat loss and diffused reflection. Although the lens cover 111 and the evaporation unit 120 are separated from each other in the figure, they may be connected to form a single body.

By using the heat thus collected, the heating medium heat plate 121 installed in the evaporation unit 120 is heated. In this case, the heating medium 121 is heated so that the average temperature of the entire heat medium heat-dissipating plate 121 becomes 300 ° C or higher.

As shown in FIG. 5, the heat medium heat heat plate 121 includes an iron plate casing 121a forming an outer appearance and a heat medium oil filled in the heat plate casing 121a.

Although the heating medium heat exchange plate 121 is schematically illustrated in the drawing, the heat medium heat exchange plate 121 has a structure in which heat medium oil can be supplemented or vapor can be discharged.

A heat plate temperature sensor 122 is attached to the heat medium heat plate 121 for sensing the temperature of the heat medium heat plate 121. [ The temperature value of the heating medium heat plate 121 sensed by the heating plate temperature sensor 122 is monitored in real time and the information is transmitted to the control unit 180. [

In this embodiment, the evaporation unit 120 is exposed to outdoor sunlight, and due to such a condition, the internal temperature of the evaporation unit 120 becomes about 40 to 60 degrees Celsius or more. In this way, since the internal temperature of the evaporation unit 120 is raised by sunlight, i.e., solar heat, it is possible to reduce the energy required to vaporize and desalinate seawater, that is, seawater.

The evaporation unit (120) is connected to the heat exchanger (130). A removable door (127) is provided on the back surface of the evaporation unit (120). Therefore, it is possible to take out and clean the inner salt crystals, and it is advantageous to install or maintain various devices.

A seawater spraying module 123 installed in the evaporator unit 120 through a transfer pump 141 connected to the seawater contained in the heat exchanger 130 is connected to the heat medium heat exchanger 121 of the evaporator unit 120 As shown in Fig. In other words, the seawater on the heat exchanger 130 side is sprayed toward the back surface of the heat medium heat plate 121 of the evaporation unit 120.

It is preferred that the seawater is sprayed in the seawater spraying module 123 in the form of numerous very small grains. At this time, the sea water in the heat exchanger 130 must be continuously supplied from the outside, that is, the sea, by the sea water supply pipe 131.

The conditions for spraying the seawater to the back surface of the heat medium oil heat plate 121 according to the temperature condition of the heat medium heat heat plate 121 are as follows. That is, since the temperature value of the heat medium heat exchange plate 121 is continuously monitored by the heat plate temperature detection sensor 122, the sea water is sprayed only when the temperature of the heat medium heat exchange plate 121 is 300 ° C. or higher, If the temperature of the heat medium heat heat plate 121 is lower than 300 ° C, the operation of the spray of seawater is stopped. This control can be performed by the control unit 180 receiving the signal of the hot plate temperature detection sensor 122.

When the seawater is sprayed to the back surface of the heat medium heat sink plate 121 by the sea water spraying module 123 connected to the transfer pump 141, the seawater instantly changes to steam as soon as the seawater contacts the back surface of the heat medium heat sink plate 121.

At this time, the salt contained in the seawater is formed into a crystal and drops to the lower part of the evaporation unit 120. For reference, the salinity concentration of seawater is about 3, 1 ~ 3, 8%, and when the seawater is collected in the salt trough and evaporated in the sun, it has the same principle as the phenomenon that only the salt remains.

The heat medium discharge heat plate 121 is provided with a vapor discharge pressure castle 124. The vapor discharge pressure castle 124 is attached to the vapor discharge pipe 125. A vapor discharge pipe 126 for discharging steam, that is, water vapor, is provided around the vapor discharge pipe 125. The steam discharge pipe 126 is connected to the upper pipe 142.

If the seawater is sprayed to the back surface of the heat medium heat dissipating plate 121 by the sea water spraying module 123 as described above, the seawater instantly changes into steam as soon as the seawater contacts the back surface of the heat medium heat dissipating plate 121. At this time, The water vapor is the dehydrated vapor.

The desalinated steam thus formed is moved along the upper piping 142 via the steam discharge pipe 126 through its own pressure.

A small power generation turbine 143 is provided in the upper piping 142. Thus, the steam, which is removed along the upper piping 142 and removed from the saline, may be used to operate the small power generation turbine 143 to produce electricity. The electricity thus produced can supply power to its own components such as the transfer pump 141. Remaining surplus electricity is sold.

A bypass line 146 to which an automatic valve 145 is attached is connected to the upper piping 142. If the output or pressure of the steam is weak, the operation of the automatic valve 145 causes the steam to flow from the upper piping 142 to the miniature power generation turbine 143 without passing through the bypass line 146 to the heat exchanger 130 ).

The steam passing through the small power generation turbine 143 is transferred to the heat exchanger 130 and cooled and condensed by the seawater contained in the heat exchanger 130 to be converted into pure fresh water, i.e., fresh water.

At this time, the waste heat recovered in the heat exchanger 130 is transferred to the evaporation unit 110 by previously heating the incoming seawater, thereby improving the efficiency of the vaporization energy.

On the other hand, the structures of various piping including the evaporation unit 120, the feed pump 141, and the small power generation turbine 143 to which the large convex lens 110 to which the lens cover 111 is connected are integrated As shown in FIG.

One such set of structures has a structure that moves according to the position or focus of the sun. Therefore, the solar heat collecting effect can be greatly improved. In the case of the present invention, solar heat can be used as much as possible.

A configuration in which the evaporation unit 120 to which the large convex lens 110 to which the lens cover 111 is connected and the various pumps including the feed pump 141 and the small power generation turbine 143 are integrated So that they can be constructed as a structure.

A rotary shaft 172 is provided at the center of the integral type rotary base plate 171 and a small gear 173 is integrally connected to the rotary shaft 172. A large gear 174 is circumscribed by the small gear 173, and the large gear 174 is operated by the first motor 175.

When the first motor 175 is operated to rotate the large gear 174, the small gear 173 is rotated by the action of the large gear 174, and the small gear 173 is rotated by the rotation of the rotary shaft 172 and the integral rotary base plate The transfer pump 141 and the small power generation turbine 143 to which the large convex lens 110 to which the lens cover 111 is coupled is connected by the rotation of the rotary shaft 171 The configurations, particularly the position of the large convex lens 110, can be automatically changed to a position where it can best collect solar heat.

At this time, a tilting unit 176 is connected to the rotating shaft 172. The second motor 177 is connected to the tilting unit 176. Accordingly, when the second motor 177 is operated, the tilting unit 176 can be tilted. By operating with the first motor 175, the large convex lens 110 can accurately track the sun.

In order to perform such operation, electricity must be supplied to the first motor 175 and the second motor 177. Electricity produced by the small-sized power generation turbine 143 may be used for electricity at this time.

However, when the electricity is insufficient, electricity supplied by the solar panel 161, the battery 163, the solar sensor 165, and the control unit 180 may be used.

The solar panel 161 is a device for producing electricity using solar light or solar heat, and the storage battery 163 is a device for storing electricity produced by the solar panel 161. The solar light sensor 165 provides a signal for correcting the position of the large convex lens 110 including the solar panel 161 as a sensor for tracking the position of the sun.

Of course, surplus electricity produced by the small-sized power generation turbine 143 and the solar panel 161 may be sold to KEPCO.

1, the solar panel 161, the storage battery 163, the solar sensor 165, and the control unit 180 are separately shown, but they are also mounted on one side of the integral type rotating base plate 171 It may be desirable to operate in conjunction with the integral rotating base plate 171.

On the other hand, the control unit 180 applied to the present invention automatically controls the operation of all the structures used to desalinate seawater. The control unit 180 performing such a role may include a central processing unit 181 (CPU), a memory 182 (MEMORY), and a support circuit 183 (SUPPORT CIRCUIT).

The central processing unit 181 may be one of a variety of computer processors that may be industrially applicable to automatically control the operation of all configurations used to desalinate seawater in this embodiment.

The memory 182 (MEMORY) is connected to the central processing unit 181. The memory 182 may be a computer readable recording medium and may be located locally or remotely and may be any of various types of storage devices, including, for example, random access memory (RAM), ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, May be at least one or more memories.

The support circuit 183 (SUPPORT CIRCUIT) is coupled with the central processing unit 181 to support the typical operation of the processor. The support circuit 183 may include a cache, a power supply, a clock circuit, an input / output circuit, a subsystem, and the like.

In this embodiment, the control unit 180 automatically controls the operation of all the constructions used to desalinate the seawater, such a series of processes and the like may be stored in the memory 182. Typically, a software routine may be stored in the memory 182. The software routines may also be stored or executed by other central processing units (not shown).

Although processes according to the present invention are described as being performed by software routines, it is also possible that at least some of the processes of the present invention may be performed by hardware. As such, the processes of the present invention may be implemented in software executed on a computer system, or in hardware such as an integrated circuit, or in combination of software and hardware.

According to the present invention having the structure and function as described above, the seawater can be desalinated with a compact and efficient structure unlike the past, thereby making it possible to solve the water shortage phenomenon.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide fresh water free from salt by maximizing solar heat and vaporizing seawater without any additional power.

In particular, according to the present invention, seawater can be desalinated using only resources obtained from pure nature without external power, thereby contributing to the natural environment.

(Another embodiment)

7 is a configuration diagram of a seawater desalination apparatus using solar heat according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to this figure, in the case of this embodiment, several large convex lenses 110 and evaporation units 120 are connected by a common heat exchanger 230 to be systemized. In this case, expandability can be increased, There is an advantage that it can be designed according to the installation area.

Even if this embodiment is applied, the seawater can be desalinated with a compact and efficient structure unlike the past, and the water shortage phenomenon can be solved thereby.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide fresh water free from salt by maximizing solar heat and vaporizing seawater without any additional power.

In particular, according to the present invention, seawater can be desalinated using only resources obtained from pure nature without external power, thereby contributing to the natural environment.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that such modifications or alterations be within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

110: large convex lens 111: lens cover
120: evaporation unit 121: heating medium oil heating plate
122: Hot plate temperature sensor 123: Seawater spray module
124: Vapor discharge pressure valve 130: Heat exchanger
131: Seawater supply pipe 141: Transfer pump
142: Upper piping 143: Small power generation turbine
145: Automatic valve 146: Bypass line
161: Solar panel 163: Storage battery
165: solar light sensor 171: integral type rotating base plate
172: rotating shaft 173 small gear
174: large gear 175: first motor
176: tilting unit 177: second motor
180: Control unit

Claims (6)

As an apparatus for desalinating seawater using solar heat,
A large convex lens to which the cover for the lens is coupled so as to prevent heat loss and diffused reflection of the solar heat collected in the focus region;
A heating medium temperature heating plate installed at one side of the heating convex lens and connected to the lens cover and heated to a temperature of 600 to 800 ° C collected at a focal point of the large convex lens, An evaporation unit having a water-spraying module therein for spraying seawater to the back surface of the heat medium heat plate by a transfer pump to generate water vapor while evaporating seawater;
The water vapor discharged through the steam discharge pipe is moved to its own pressure through the upper pipe, so that the introduced water vapor is cooled and condensed by the sea water supplied through the sea water supply pipe to be transformed into pure fresh water, To the sea water spraying module of the evaporating unit through the heat exchanger;
An integral rotary base plate integrally supporting the large convex lens, the evaporation unit, and the heat exchanger;
A rotating shaft connected to the center of the integral rotating base plate;
A small gear coupled to the rotating shaft;
A large gear engaged with the small gear;
A first motor for driving the large gear;
A tilting unit connected to the rotating shaft; And
And a second motor for driving the tilting unit.
The method according to claim 1,
A control unit for automatically controlling the operation of all the components used to desalinate the seawater;
A small power generation turbine provided in the upper piping and supplying self-produced electricity; And
Further comprising a bypass line attached to the upper piping and including an automatic valve controlled by the control unit.
3. The method of claim 2,
The control unit controls the spraying operation of the seawater to be stopped when the temperature of the heat medium heat plate is lower than 300 ° C. In the case where the temperature of the heat medium heat plate is lower than 300 ° C., A seawater desalination apparatus using solar heat.
3. The method of claim 2,
The heating medium heat-
An iron plate casing forming an appearance; And
And a heating medium oil filled in the iron plate casing,
Wherein a vapor discharge pressure is additionally provided on the heating medium heat plate, and the vapor discharge pressure plate is attached to a vapor discharge pipe.
delete 3. The method of claim 2,
Solar panels for additional power supply;
A storage battery for storing electricity produced by the solar panel, the storage battery being connected to the control unit; And
Further comprising a solar light sensor for tracking the position of the sun.

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