KR100905944B1 - Seawater desalination equipment using solar complex modules - Google Patents

Abstract

A seawater desalination apparatus using a solar heat complex module is provided to improve efficiency of seawater desalination by distillation and to reduce use of power to the utmost by using sunlight efficiently. A seawater desalination apparatus using a solar heat complex module includes a water intake unit(S100), a filtering unit(S200), a reverse osmosis membrane unit(S300), a sunlight heat composite module(S400), a distillation unit(S500), and a storage of electricity unit(S600). The reverse osmosis membrane unit removes salinity of seawater. The sunlight heat composite module heat the seawater using sunlight of a long wavelength band and a short wavelength band. The distillation unit heats purified water of high temperature, and the storage of electricity unit stores electricity. The sunlight heat composite module comprises a condensing plate(S410), a heating unit(S440), and a cell unit(S430). The heating unit includes a wavelength separation lens(S444).

Description

Seawater desalination apparatus using solar complex module {Seawater desalination equipment using solar complex modules}

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus using a solar thermal composite module, and more particularly, to desalination of seawater using light of a predetermined wavelength band, and to produce electricity for desalination of light in a wavelength band other than seawater heating. The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus using an optical thermal composite module.

The method of evaporating seawater to take fresh water has been tried for a long time, and the use of solar energy as a means to evaporate seawater has also received much attention in recent years.

A schematic diagram of the traditional desalination method, Multistage Flush (MSF), is shown in FIG. 1. As shown in the figure, after the seawater is introduced into the heat transfer tube of the heat dissipation unit and heated up, part of it is used as replenishment seawater, and chemicals are added thereto as a pretreatment.

The treated seawater thus treated is mixed with the concentrated seawater circulated to enter the heat transfer tube 10 of the heat recovery unit. The heat transfer tube condenses steam on the outer surface to separate the steamed water from the seawater, and the mixed water in the heat transfer tube enters the heating device 20 in a preheated state.

In the heating device 20 is heated to the maximum concentrated seawater temperature by the external heating steam, and decompressed by the orifice flows into the flash chamber 30 of high pressure. Here, the flash evaporation, which is adiabatic magnetic evaporation, is used to preheat the heat transfer pipe after the steam is separated, and at the same time, the condensed water is recovered by the fresh water recovery device 40 as fresh water.

In addition, the concentrated seawater enters the next flash chamber 30 'and evaporates sequentially, condensed on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube and recovered as fresh water. Progressed sequentially and the concentrated seawater is discharged to the outside by the concentrated water discharge device (50).

The gas generated during condensation is quickly discharged to the outside by the vent device 60, so that the interior of the flash chambers 30 and 30 ′ maintains a constant reduced pressure. However, the conventional multi-stage flash evaporation method has a disadvantage in that the consumption of fuel due to heating is required because the seawater introduced into the tube needs to be heated up to the tube by being indirectly heated in the tube.

In particular, it was technically difficult to heat up to the highest concentrated seawater temperature (about 80 degrees Celsius) using solar energy with an energy density of about 1 kilowatt (1 Kw / m2) per square meter.

In addition, solar energy varies considerably with time, season, and weather, making it difficult to apply to conventional evaporation methods that require stable high-density energy. There was a disadvantage that the amount is not economical.

In order to solve this drawback, Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2002-66502 has been published and the seawater desalination method and apparatus using the solar heat of the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2002-66502 described above using solar energy as shown in FIG. In the desalination apparatus for desalination of seawater, the water intake apparatus 100 for taking in seawater containing salt and the like and the filtration device 200 for removing particulate matter such as suspended matter in the collected seawater and the inner upper space part There is a sand-shaped cooling tube 310 is located and the collecting plate 320 having a predetermined slope to the bottom of the cooling tube is located and the inlet 330 formed as a lower portion is heated seawater is introduced to induce the generation of steam Passing the steam generator 300 and the steam generator 300 made of the enclosure to increase the temperature of the seawater flowing into the pipe by using the heat of retention of the concentrated seawater The heat exchanger 400 and the inlet formed at one side of the heat exchanger 400 are extended to the outlet of the heat recovery pipe 410 located in the internal space of the heat exchanger 400 so that the heated seawater is introduced and heated using solar energy collected in the heat collecting plate. It is a structure consisting of a solar collector 500.

The seawater desalination method and apparatus of the related art of the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2002-66502 described above are not economical because the amount of fresh water obtained is small compared to the cost input to production by simply heating the seawater to a constant temperature using solar heat. Has its drawbacks.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and after condensing the sunlight, the wavelength is separated and the sunlight of a predetermined wavelength band increases the temperature of seawater or purified water introduced into the distillation means to increase the efficiency of seawater desalination by distillation. At the same time, the wavelength band of sunlight other than seawater heating provides a seawater desalination apparatus using a solar thermal composite module capable of desalination of seawater by efficiently using sunlight to produce electricity for operating RO membrane means or distillation means. have.

The object of the present invention is RO membrane means (S300) for removing the salt of sea water; Photovoltaic heat to heat the seawater using the purified water purified by the RO membrane means (S300) using the short wavelength band and the long wavelength band of sunlight, and the solar light of the wavelength band other than seawater heating to generate electricity to operate the desalination apparatus. A composite module (S400); Distillation means (S500) for heating purified water having high temperature heat by the solar thermal composite module (S400); Power storage means (S600) for storing the electricity generated by the solar thermal composite module (S400); It is achieved by a desalination apparatus using a solar thermal composite module characterized in that it comprises a.

Meanwhile, the solar thermal composite module S400 includes a light collecting plate S410 mirror-processed to collect sunlight; Heating means is provided in the wavelength separation lens (S444) for heating the sea water using the short wavelength band and long wavelength long wavelength of the sunlight collected by the light collecting plate (S410) and reflects the sunlight in the visible light band (S444) S440); Sunlight reflected by the wavelength separation lens (S444) is installed through the through hole (S411) of the light collecting plate (S410) characterized in that it comprises a cell means (S430) for producing electricity from the collected solar light It is a seawater desalination device using sunlight.

A parallel light adjusting lens S420 may be further installed at the front portion of the cell means S430. The parallel light adjusting lens S420 is not particularly limited, but a biconvex lens may be used, for example.

In addition, the seawater desalination apparatus using the solar light may be installed to use the water intake means (S100) for taking in the seawater including salt.

The light collecting plate S410 is preferably in the form of a plate having a curvature and made of stainless steel, and it is preferable to use a plurality of grooves S412 formed at regular intervals in the light collecting plate S410.

The heating means (S440) forms a space (S441) in the interior of the enclosure (S442) and a heating pipe (S443) is installed in the space (S441) so that seawater passes through the interior of the enclosure (S442), In one direction of the enclosure (S442) is achieved by the seawater desalination apparatus using sunlight, characterized in that the wavelength separation lens (S444) is provided.

The wavelength separating lens S444 is a seawater desalination apparatus using sunlight, characterized in that one of a flat convex lens or a meniscus convex lens, and the heating pipe S442 is either of a spiral shape or a zigzag shape. Seawater desalination apparatus using solar light, characterized in that installed as.

The seawater desalination apparatus using the solar thermal composite module according to the present invention condenses the wavelengths of the solar light and then separates the wavelengths so that the sunlight of a predetermined wavelength band increases the temperature of the seawater or purified water introduced into the distillation means, and thus the seawater desalination efficiency by distillation. At the same time, the wavelength band of sunlight other than seawater heating has the effect of efficiently using the sunlight and reducing the use of power by producing electricity to operate the RO membrane means or distillation means.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 3 is an exemplary view showing a structure of a seawater desalination apparatus using solar light to which the technology of the present invention is applied, and according to this, the seawater desalination apparatus using solar light according to the present invention is a water intake means for collecting seawater including salt and the like. The water is collected by S100 and the water intake means S100 is connected to the filtering means S200 to remove particulate matter such as suspended matter in the seawater. The filtering means (S200) is not particularly limited as long as it can treat various foreign matters contained in seawater such as activated carbon filter, precision filter, ozone processor, magnetic treatment device, and one or more of the same or different filtering means (S200). It may be installed.

Therefore, the seawater passing through the filtration means (S200) is filtered in a clean state having only salt, and the filtered seawater is filtered through the RO membrane means (S300) for removing the salt and is ionic such as salt. Substances, organic matter and remaining bacteria can be removed.

The salt concentration of seawater before the RO membrane is varied depending on the region, but is generally 3.5 to 3.9% by weight, and the salt concentration should be 0.05% by weight, preferably 0.01% by weight or less, for use as drinking water. In the present invention, since the seawater passes through the RO membrane means (S300), desalination is again performed through the distillation means (S500), even if the purified water passed through the RO membrane means (S300) is higher than the salt concentration of the drinking water does not matter. . In the present invention, the salt concentration of the purified water passing through the RO membrane means (S300) is 1 to 0.01% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 0.02% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 0.03% by weight. In the present invention, since the salt of the seawater does not need to be completely removed from the RO membrane means, the amount of electricity required for driving the RO membrane means is significantly reduced.

The seawater composite module, which is purified while passing through the RO membrane means (S300), uses solar light having a predetermined wavelength band, and solar light having a wavelength band other than seawater heating produces electricity to operate a desalination apparatus. The purified water is heated to high temperature via the (S400). The temperature of the heated purified water is not particularly limited but is 50 ° C or higher, preferably 60 ° C or higher, more preferably 70 ° C or higher, and most preferably 80 ° C or higher. Thus, since the purified water heated to a high temperature enters the distillation means (S500), the distillation means can produce fresh water by distilling the purified water using a much less energy source. In the present invention, rather than collecting solar heat in contact with a light collecting plate or a solar cell having a large area, the solar energy collected through the light collecting plate is used as a heat source, so the utilization efficiency of solar heat is superior to that of the conventional art.

More specifically, the solar light irradiated from the sun as shown in the accompanying drawings as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 is reflected in one direction by the mirror-processed light collecting plate S410, but the light collecting plate S410 has a curvature shape. Consisting of the light is collected in the center of curvature of the light collecting plate (S410).

The light collecting surface of the light collecting plate S410 is made of stainless steel, aluminum, or a general total reflection mirror to show excellent corrosion resistance and the like, thereby extending the service life and ensuring convenience of maintenance. In addition, in order to withstand the wind pressure which is a weak point of the disk-shaped structure, it is preferable to install the grooves (S412) at regular intervals so as to smoothly flow the wind and thus receive less wind resistance. In addition, preferably, the solar tracking device (S800) formed with a driving control unit for controlling the altitude driving unit and the azimuth driving unit respectively driven according to the altitude and orientation of the sun to synchronize the position of the light collecting plate (S410) with the position of the sun. Can be.

Sunlight generally forms light in a long wavelength band (780 nm or more), a short wavelength band (380 nm or less), and a visible light band (380 nm-780 nm). The heating means (S440) is positioned at the position of the solar light collected by the light collecting plate (S410). The wavelength separation lens (S444) constituting the structure is located so that the sunlight reflected by the wavelength separation lens (S444) is installed at the rear end through the barrel (S411) of the light collecting plate (S410) to produce electricity from the collected sunlight The electricity is generated by the cell means (S430). Since the concentrated solar light is used, the efficiency of electricity production can be improved even if the cell means is installed in a small area.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, when a parallel light adjusting lens S420, for example, a biconvex lens is further installed at the front of the cell means S430, the same amount is applied to all surfaces of the cell means S430. Since it allows to focus, the efficiency of the cell means (S430) can be maximized.

A coating layer is formed on the surface of the wavelength separation lens S444 to allow light of a predetermined wavelength band to pass through and reflect other wavelength bands. The light source absorbed and passed by the wavelength separation lens S444 is a short wavelength band and a long wavelength band, and the light source reflected by the wavelength separation lens S444 reflects a visible light band.

The light of the short wavelength band and the long wavelength band passed by the wavelength separation lens S444 heats the seawater passing through the heating means S440. The structure of the heating means S440 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As shown, a space S441 is formed inside the enclosure, and a heating pipe S442 is installed in the space S441 to allow seawater to pass through the interior of the enclosure S443, and in one direction of the enclosure S443. The wavelength separation lens S444 is provided, and the wavelength separation lens S444 is preferably a flat convex lens or a meniscus convex lens.

On the other hand, the structure of the heating pipe (S442) is preferably installed in any one form of a spiral form, a zigzag form that is a structure that can receive a lot of sunlight as shown in the accompanying drawings, the sun as described above Seawater heated to high temperature by light is further heated by the distillation means (S500) to be vaporized in a gaseous state to obtain fresh water.

On the other hand, when the operation of the RO membrane means (S300) to remove the salt of the sea water is consumed a lot of power is used at this time part or all of the electricity generated by the cell means (S430) stored in the power storage means (S600) Can be used.

Therefore, after condensing the sunlight, the wavelength is separated and the sunlight of a certain wavelength band increases the temperature of seawater or purified water introduced into the distillation means to increase the efficiency of seawater desalination by distillation, and the wavelength of sunlight other than seawater heating is RO. By producing electricity to operate the membrane means or distillation means there is an advantage to desalination of sea water by using sunlight efficiently.

1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage fresh flash evaporation method that is representative of seawater desalination according to a conventional evaporation method.

Figure 2 is an opening of the seawater desalination apparatus using the conventional solar heat.

Figure 3 is an exemplary view showing the structure of the seawater desalination apparatus using solar light applied technology of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the heating means which is the technical gist of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a plan view showing the installation structure of the heating pipe which is the technical gist of the present invention.

6A is a schematic view showing the structure of a light collecting member which is a technical subject matter of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a plan view.

Figure 7 is an exemplary view showing the structure of another embodiment of the seawater desalination apparatus using the present invention solar.

※ Explanation of protection for main parts of drawing ※

S100: water intake means S200: filtration means

S300: RO membrane means S400: composite module

      S410: light collecting plate S411: barrel

      S412: Groove S420: Parallel light control lens

      S430: cell means S440: heating means

      S441: Space part S442: Heating five

      S443: enclosure S444: wavelength separation lens

      S500: distillation means S600: power storage means

Claims (9)

RO membrane means (S300) for removing salt from sea water; The purified water purified by the RO membrane means (S300) heats seawater using sunlight in a short wavelength band and a long wavelength band, and sunlight in the visible light band other than seawater heating generates electricity for operating the RO membrane means (S300). Solar composite module (S400) to produce; Distillation means (S500) for heating purified water having high temperature heat by the solar thermal composite module (S400); In the seawater desalination apparatus using solar power comprising: a power storage means (S600) for storing the electricity fished by the solar thermal composite module (S400), The solar thermal composite module (S400), A light collecting plate (S410) mirror-processed to collect sunlight; Heating means (S440) is provided in the wavelength separation lens (S444) for heating the sea water by using the light of the short wavelength band and the long wavelength band in the sunlight collected by the light collecting plate (S410) and reflects the sunlight of the visible light band (S444) )and; The solar light of the visible light band reflected by the wavelength separation lens (S444) penetrates the barrel (S411) of the light collecting plate (S410) and is installed at the rear end of the cell means (S430) for producing electricity from the collected sunlight; Seawater desalination apparatus using solar light, characterized in that made. According to claim 1, wherein the seawater desalination apparatus using the solar light intake means (S100) for taking in seawater containing salt and the like and filtering means (S200) for removing particulate matter such as suspended solids in the seawater withdrawn Seawater desalination device using a solar thermal composite module, characterized in that made more installed. delete According to claim 1, Seawater desalination apparatus using sunlight, characterized in that the parallel light control lens (S420) is installed in the front of the cell means (S430). The seawater desalination apparatus using solar light according to claim 1, wherein the light collecting plate (S410) has a curvature shape and the light collecting surface is made of stainless steel. The seawater desalination apparatus using solar light according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of grooves (S412) are formed at a predetermined interval on the light collecting surface of the light collecting plate (S410). The method of claim 1, wherein the heating means (S440) is formed inside the enclosure (S442) and the space (S441) and the space (S441) heating pipe (S443) is installed in the sea water inside the enclosure (S442) The seawater desalination apparatus using sunlight, characterized in that the wavelength separation lens (S444) is installed in one direction of the housing (S442). 8. The seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the wavelength separation lens (S444) is one of a flat convex lens and a meniscus convex lens. The seawater desalination apparatus using solar light according to claim 7, wherein the heating pipe (S442) is installed in any one of a spiral shape and a zigzag shape.

Images