KR101843556B1 - The reformer of SOFC - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a fuel reformer of a solid oxide fuel cell, which comprises: a bypass unit including a bypass air injection pipe and an igniter, and supplying bypass air; a burner unit having the bypass unit inserted thereinto by passing therethrough, combusting fuel gas through ignition of the igniter, and controlling a combustion temperature through the bypass air; a reforming reaction unit including a heat source supply pipe into which the burner unit is inserted, and a channel pipe positioned on the outside thereof at a predetermined interval from the heat source supply pipe, and having a reforming reaction performed therein; and a raw material injection unit including a cylindrical case surrounding the reforming reaction unit, a raw material injection pipe positioned on one side surface of the case to provide a reforming reaction material, and a raw material gas generation module connected to the raw material injection pipe. The burner unit includes a plurality of through-holes on a side surface thereof, such that fuel gas and combustion air move from the inside to an outer surface of the burner unit through the through-holes, and the ignition causes combustion in the entire area of the outer surface of the burner unit, to provide heat.

Description

The reformer of SOFC < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The present invention relates to a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell capable of easily adjusting the total heat capacity and capable of replacing and sealing a burner portion and a catalyst.

Fuel cells are one of the energy technologies that produce electricity directly by oxidizing hydrogen with air as air and discharging water. Fuel cells require a fuel reformer that converts them to a high concentration of available hydrogen fuel or hydrogen and CO mixed gas.

Hydrocarbon steam reforming in fuel reforming is the cheapest method of producing hydrogen, and hydrocarbon steam reforming is a method of obtaining hydrogen by reacting hydrocarbons containing methane as a main component together with steam in the presence of a catalyst. At this time, there are two kinds of reactions which are the main reaction, the reforming reaction, and the water gas shift reaction, which is a side reaction.

[Equation 1]

CH ₄ + H ₂ O? CO + 3H ₂ ? H = + 497 kcal / mol

CO + H ₂ O? CO ₂ + H ₂ ? H = -10 kcal / mol

As shown in Equation (1), hydrogen is produced separately from both methane and water, so that a high yield of hydrogen production is possible. However, since the reforming reaction is a strong endothermic reaction and the high-temperature and low-pressure conditions are favorable for the progress of the reaction, most of the steam and methane are reacted by catalytic reaction at 700 to 1100 ° C to obtain hydrogen.

Since the hydrocarbon steam reforming reaction as described above is an endothermic reaction, a burner that supplies high heat to the interior of the fuel reformer is required. The high heat required for the reforming reaction can shorten the life of the burner and the igniter, and in the case of the integrated reforming device, the burner or the igniter can shorten the life of the reforming device.

In order to increase the reaction activity per unit catalyst, the reaction heat must be efficiently supplied to the catalyst. Therefore, the thermal distribution of the burner must be uniform. The temperature difference between the region near the ignition region and the ignition region is ineffective Can be imported.

Further, the adjustment of the total heat capacity of the fuel reforming apparatus for supplying an effective reaction heat is an important factor in the reforming reaction together with the burner thermal distribution problem.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1015506 (Registered on Feb. 10, 2011)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell capable of regulating the total heat capacity of a combustion gas by providing a bypass section capable of injecting bypass air into the burner section .

It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel reforming method of a solid oxide fuel cell capable of increasing the lifetime of the apparatus and capable of replacing the catalyst by providing a burner portion, a reforming reaction portion, And to provide a device.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell capable of improving the uniformity of the heat source distribution of the burner portion and improving the heat source supply efficiency in the reforming reaction.

It is to be understood that the objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air purifier comprising: a bypass unit having a bypass air inlet tube and an igniter, the bypass unit supplying bypass air; A burner part inserted through the bypass part and burning the fuel gas through ignition of the igniter and controlling the combustion temperature through the bypass air; A reforming reaction unit including a heat source supply pipe into which the burner unit is inserted and a flow pipe located outside the heat source supply pipe at a predetermined interval, A raw material injecting unit including a raw material gas generating module connected to the raw material injecting pipe, a raw material injecting unit disposed on one side of the case to supply a reforming reaction raw material, And the burner part has a plurality of through holes on its side so that the fuel gas and the combustion air move from the inside of the burner part to the outside surface and burn in the entire area of the outer surface of the burner part to provide heat The present invention provides a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell.

The bypass unit may include a puncture distribution plate on the outer side of the region where the igniter is located to control the flow distribution of the bypass air.

The bypass unit may include a plurality of bypass holes in an area where the igniter is mounted, thereby forming the bypass air flow path.

The burner unit includes a fuel injection pipe inserted into the center of the bypass portion, a combustion air injection pipe through which the fuel injection pipe is inserted, and a flange-shaped upper cover surrounding one side of the combustion air injection pipe can do.

Wherein the plurality of through holes include a plurality of first through holes and a plurality of second through holes, wherein the first through holes are provided on a side surface of the fuel injection tube, and the second through- And the fuel gas and the combustion air may be mixed and provided along the outer surface of the burner portion.

The reforming reaction unit may include a lower cover at a position corresponding to the upper cover.

The material gas generating module may include a zigzag-shaped flow path with concentric partition walls arranged concentrically therein.

In the reforming reaction unit, a catalyst is provided inside the flow pipe, and steam and reactants moving through the flow path of the raw material gas generating module can pass through the flow pipe.

The reforming reaction unit may include a first flange, and the raw material injection unit may include a second flange at an end where the reforming reaction unit is inserted, and the first flange and the second flange may be combined to seal the reforming reaction unit.

The heat source supply pipe may include a heating pipe in which the burner unit is located and a heat transfer pipe through which the heated air moves. The diameter of the heat transfer pipe may be smaller than the diameter of the heating pipe.

The heat transfer tubes may be disposed adjacent to each other through the inner wall of the material gas generating module.

 The burner unit, the reforming reaction unit, and the raw material injecting unit may be coupled to each other, and the burner unit may be coupled to the reforming reaction unit so that the burner unit can be separated or replaced.

The fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention has an advantage in that the total heat capacity of the combustion gas can be controlled by providing a bypass unit capable of injecting bypass air into the burner unit.

Further, since the burner unit, the reforming reaction unit, or the fuel air injecting unit, which can be separated and replaced, is provided, the lifetime of the apparatus can be increased and the catalyst can be easily replaced.

Furthermore, by providing the burner portion with improved uniformity of the heat source distribution, it is possible to improve the heat source supply efficiency in the reforming reaction.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention,
2 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a flow path of a raw material gas and a generation gas in a fuel reforming apparatus of a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention,
4A is a perspective view showing a conventional burner portion and a fuel gas direction,
FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing the direction of the combustion gas and the combustion heat of the burner unit and the flow of the bypass air according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are provided by way of example so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, but may be embodied in other forms. In the drawings, the length and thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated for convenience. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing a conventional burner portion and a direction of a fuel gas, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. And the flow of the bypass air and the direction of the combustion gas heat.

1 to 3, a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bypass unit 100, a burner unit 200, a reforming reaction unit 300, ).

The bypass unit 100 includes a bypass air injection pipe 120 and an igniter 130 to supply bypass air. The bypass unit 100 includes a tubular body 110. The bypass air injection tube 120 is located at one end of the body 110 and the igniter 130 is installed at the other side of the body 110. [ can do.

The bypass unit 100 may include a puncture distribution plate 140 disposed outside the region where the igniter 130 is located to control the distribution of the bypass air. The bypass unit 100 may include a plurality of bypass holes 110a in an area where the igniter 130 of the body 110 is mounted.

The bypass air introduced from the bypass air injection pipe 120 moves inside the bypass unit 100 to provide bypass air to the area at the end of the burner unit 200.

1 to 3 and 4B, the air heated in the burner unit 200 is heated to about 1100 ° C., and the heated primary combustion air 2 supplies heat to the reforming reaction unit 300. Due to the bypass air 7 supplied from the bypass unit 100, the high-temperature air can be easily reduced to a temperature of about 750 ° C in the region of the end of the burner unit 200, It can be controlled at an appropriate temperature of the battery system.

That is, the temperature of the burner unit 200 raised by the primary heated combustion air is provided throughout the catalyst X to efficiently promote the reforming reaction, and the temperature of the end of the burner unit 200, for example, In the heat transfer pipe 314, the temperature can be reduced by the bypass air 7. Reduced heat travels from the fuel reformer to the heat exchanger and the stack according to the next steps of the solid oxide fuel cell system, since the proper temperature of the heat exchanger or stack is about 750 ° C, so the proper temperature of the entire solid oxide fuel cell system Can be provided.

In addition, the increase of the fluid amount due to the supply of the bypass air may lead to an increase of the heat flow rate for heat supply of the whole solid oxide fuel cell system, which has an effect of inducing an increase in the total heat capacity.

The bypass unit 100 may further include a plurality of bypass holes 110a or a through-hole distribution plate 140 to facilitate the distribution of the bypass air. When the reforming reaction is completed, the burner unit 200 ) And to lower the temperature of the fuel reformer normally.

The burner unit 200 may be inserted through the bypass unit 100 and burn the fuel gas through ignition of the igniter 130. The burner unit 200 is provided with a plurality of through holes 250 on the side thereof so that the fuel gas and the combustion air move from the inside of the burner unit 200 to the outer surface thereof, So as to provide heat.

The burner unit 200 may include a coupling fixture 210 which is hermetically sealed with the bypass unit 100. The burner unit 200 includes a fuel injection pipe 220 through which the bypass unit 100 is inserted and inserted, a combustion air injection pipe 230 through which the fuel injection pipe 220 is inserted, And a top cover 240 in the form of a flange surrounding one side of the combustion air injection pipe 230. The fuel injection pipe 220, the combustion air injection pipe 230 and the upper cover 240 are integrally formed . The bypass unit 100 and the combustion air injection pipe 220 can be coupled through the coupling fixture 210. [

The reforming reaction proper temperature of the fuel reforming apparatus is 600 to 900 ° C, and the burner unit 200 generates a high temperature of 700 to 1100 ° C to provide a corresponding temperature. Accordingly, the burner unit 200 for generating and maintaining a high temperature may have a shorter lifetime than other components of the reforming apparatus, and in the case of an integrated reforming apparatus, the lifetime of the apparatus may be determined according to the lifetime of the burner unit 200.

However, since the burner unit 200 according to the present invention can be separated or replaced unlike the prior art, the life span of the reforming apparatus can be prolonged.

The burner unit 220 is provided with a plurality of through holes 250 on the side surface thereof and includes a plurality of first through holes 250a on the side of the fuel injection pipe 220, The fuel gas and the combustion air can be mixed along the outer surface of the burner part 200 to uniformly and uniformly provide the mixed gas in the entire area.

The fuel gas is discharged from the fuel injection pipe 220 to the outer surface of the burner 200 through the first through hole 250a of the fuel injection pipe 220, Air can be moved together with the fuel gas to the outer surface of the burner unit 200, that is, the outer surface of the combustion air injection pipe 230 through the through hole 250b. At the same time, the ignition of the igniter 130 may cause the combustion of the fuel gas. Therefore, the combustion of the fuel gas around the outer surface of the burner 200 is performed at the same time, whereby the distribution of the heat source can be uniform .

A fuel injection port 222 is disposed at one side of the fuel injection pipe 220 and a combustion air injection port 232 is disposed at one side of the combustion air injection pipe 230 to supply fuel gas or combustion air to the burner unit 200 ). ≪ / RTI >

The conventional burner unit 3 as shown in FIG. 4A is supplied with the fuel gas 1 from the fuel gas supply unit located at a position spaced apart from the igniter and moves to the igniter 5, and when ignited by the igniter 5, The heat is transferred from the igniter 5 to the body of the burner portion 3. Therefore, as the distance from the heat source near the igniter 5 increases, the temperature difference of each portion of the body of the burner portion 3 may be large.

However, in the burner unit 200 of the present invention as shown in FIG. 4B, fuel gas and air are supplied to the entire interior of the burner unit 200 due to the fuel injection pipe 220 or the combustion air injection pipe 230, Fuel gas and air are supplied (2) along the entire outer surface of the burner part 200 through the first through hole 250a and the second through hole 250b so that the entire burner part 200 is heated, 200) can be evenly distributed.

1 section (℃) 2 sections (℃) 3 sections (℃) 4 sections (℃) 5 sections (℃) The conventional burner unit 75.5 207.9 346.4 415.6 829.7 The burner unit 358.5 409.3 464.9 486.7 642.2

(Table 1) shows the temperature measurement results for each section of the burner after 1 minute of ignition. The 5th section is the igniter region, and the distance from the igniter to the 1th section. As shown in Table 1, unlike the conventional burner unit, the burner unit 200 of the present invention can uniformly distribute heat throughout the body. That is, a deviation of 1 minute after the ignition is observed in the temperature distribution of approximately 75.5 to 829.7 DEG C in the conventional burner portion, but the deviation is relatively decreased in the temperature distribution of approximately 358.5 to 642.2 DEG C in the burner portion 200 of the present invention Able to know.

The reforming reaction part 300 performs a reforming reaction by moving the raw material air supplied from the raw material injecting part 400. The reforming reaction part 300 supplies the heat required for the reforming reaction and includes a heat source supply pipe 310 into which the burner part 200 is inserted And a flow pipe 320 positioned outside the heat source supply pipe 310 and performing a reforming reaction. The reforming reaction unit 300 may include a reaction gas discharge pipe 330 connected to the flow pipe 320.

The reforming reaction unit 300 is coupled to the burner unit 200 so that the reformer 300 can be separated from or replaced with the burner unit 200. For example, the reforming reaction unit 300 may include a lower cover 340 at a position corresponding to the upper cover 240 of the burner unit 200. Therefore, by assembling the upper cover 240 and the lower cover 340, it is possible to assemble and seal the burner unit 200 and the reforming reaction unit 300, so that even if a problem occurs in each component It is possible to increase the lifetime of the apparatus and reduce the process cost.

The upper cover 240 and the lower cover 340 may be provided with sealing members 245 and 345, respectively, at positions corresponding to each other.

The heat source supply pipe 310 includes a heating pipe 312 in which the burner unit 200 is located and a heat transfer pipe 314 through which heated air moves. 314 may have a smaller diameter. Therefore, even if the heated air moves to the heat transfer pipe 314, the diameter is narrowed so that the heat loss is minimized, and the heat supply required for forming the steam and the hydrocarbon gas for the reforming reaction can be more efficiently performed.

At the end of the heat transfer pipe 314 protruded to the outside, a coupling means 360 is provided to further strengthen the coupling between the raw material injection portion 400 and the reforming reaction portion 300.

The reforming reaction part 300 is provided with a catalyst X on the inside of the flow pipe 320 and the water vapor and the reactive gases moving through the flow path of the raw material gas generating module 430 of the raw material injecting part 400, And can pass through the flow pipe 320.

The catalyst X can be easily replaced by the catalyst X located inside the reforming reaction part 300 where the catalyst can be separated and replaced, thereby increasing the lifetime of the catalyst and reducing the process cost.

The steam and the reactive gases moving through the flow path (a) of the raw material gas generating module 430 may pass through the flow pipe 320 provided in the reforming reaction part 300. The reaction gas, that is, the water vapor and the hydrocarbon passes through the flow path a of the raw material gas generating module 430 and passes through the catalyst X located in the flow pipe 320 connected to the flow path a, . Since the catalyst X is located along the heating tube 312, the reaction temperature can be kept constant in any region of the catalyst X, thereby further improving the catalytic reaction efficiency.

The catalyst (X) may be a metal monolith catalyst, and may further be a Ni / MgAl ₂ O ₄ metal monolith catalyst.

The catalyst (X) may be prepared by impregnating the heat resistant carrier with 5-12 wt% of an active metal selected from nickel, cobalt, platinum group elements or a mixture thereof. For example, the heat-resistant support may be selected from? -Alumina calcium-aluminate, and the supported metal may be contained in an amount of 5 to 12% by weight and may have a diameter of about 2 to 10 mm. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is possible to vary the content and diameter of the carrier and the active metal as necessary.

The catalyst X may be in the form of a pellet, and pellet fixing means for fixing the pellet may be located at upper and lower portions of a region where the catalyst X is located in the flow pipe 320. The pellet fastening means may be formed of a metal having heat resistance and oxidation resistance, and may include a gas flow passage so that the product including the introduced hydrocarbon, water vapor, and hydrogen can move.

The raw material injecting unit 400 forms a raw material gas and water vapor necessary for the reforming reaction and provides the raw material gas and steam to the reforming reaction unit 300. The raw material injecting unit 400 includes a cylindrical case 410 surrounding the reforming reaction unit 300, And a raw material gas generating module 430 connected to the raw material injecting pipe 420. The raw material gas generating module 430 includes a raw material supplying pipe 510 for supplying a reforming reaction raw material.

The raw material gas generating module 430 may have a zigzag-shaped flow path formed concentrically with partition walls 433 at regular intervals. Water and hydrocarbon-based raw materials may be introduced into the raw material injection pipe 420 connected to the raw material gas generating module 430. The raw material can be adjusted to be mixed and introduced at a rate of 2 to 5 moles of water vapor per mole of hydrocarbon.

The heat transfer pipe 314 of the heat source supply pipe 310 may be adjacent to the inner wall of the material gas generation module 430. [ Therefore, the water and the hydrocarbon-based raw material moved along the zigzag-shaped flow path (a) are heated together with the mixture to be converted into steam and hydrocarbon gas, and the raw material gas for the reforming reaction can be produced. In addition, the heat transfer tube 314 is provided so as to be in contact with the inner wall of the material gas generating module 430 as a whole, so that the thermal efficiency required to generate the material gas can be improved.

The raw material injecting unit 400 and the reforming reaction unit 300 may be sealed to each other. That is, the burner unit 200, the reforming reaction unit 300, and the raw material injecting unit 400 are combined and closed, and the burner unit 200 is coupled to the reforming reaction unit 300 . For example, the reforming reaction unit 300 includes a first flange 350, and the raw material injection unit 400 includes a second flange 450 at an end of the reforming reaction unit 300 where the reforming reaction unit 300 is inserted So that the first flange 350 and the second flange 450 can be coupled to each other. Further, the first flange 350 and the second flange 450 may have a plurality of coupling holes in the corresponding regions, and may be fastened by using coupling holes, (400) can be coupled or sealed.

Therefore, since the reforming reaction unit 300 and the raw material injecting unit 400 can be assembled together with the burner unit 200, even if a problem occurs in each component, The cost can be reduced.

The fuel reforming process of the fuel reforming apparatus of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention described above is as follows.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when water and hydrocarbons are introduced into the raw material gas generating module 430 from the raw material injection pipe 420, the raw material gas is discharged from the heat transfer pipe 314 of the heat source supply pipe 310 The raw materials are vaporized into steam and hydrocarbon gas. That is, the water and the hydrocarbons are converted into steam and hydrocarbon gas due to the heat supplied from the heat transfer pipe 314 while moving along the staggered flow path formed by the partition wall 433 of the raw material gas generating module 430 do.

The steam and the hydrocarbon gas generated in the raw material gas generating module 430 move into the flow pipe 320 and pass through the catalyst X located in the flow pipe 320, The reforming reaction is promoted. Since the catalyst X is located along the heating tube 312 of the heat source supply pipe 310, the reaction temperature is maintained constant at 600 to 900 ° C in any region of the catalyst X1, .

After passing through the flow pipe 320, the gas having undergone the reforming reaction moves to the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell through the reaction gas discharge pipe 330.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims It can be understood that

100; A bypass unit 120; Bypass air inlet tube,
130; Igniter, 200; Burner portion,
210; A coupling fixture, 300; A reforming reaction unit,
310; A heat source supply pipe, 320; Euro tube,
330; Reaction gas outlet pipe, 400; Raw material injection portion,
410; Case, 420; Raw material injection pipe,
430; The raw gas generating module

Claims (12)

A bypass unit having a bypass air inlet tube and an igniter, the bypass unit supplying bypass air;
A burner part inserted through the bypass part and burning the fuel gas through ignition of the igniter and controlling the combustion temperature through the bypass air;
A reforming reaction unit including a heat source supply pipe into which the burner unit is inserted and a flow pipe located outside the heat source supply pipe at a predetermined interval, And
A raw material injecting unit including a raw material gas generating module connected to the raw material injecting pipe, a raw material injecting unit disposed on one side of the case to supply a reforming reaction raw material, / RTI >
The burner portion has a plurality of through holes on its side so that the fuel gas and the combustion air move from the inside of the burner portion to the outer surface thereof and are burned in the entire region of the outer surface of the burner portion by the ignition to provide heat Wherein the solid oxide fuel cell is a fuel reforming apparatus for a solid oxide fuel cell. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the bypass unit includes a puncture distribution plate at an outer side of a region where the igniter is located to control distribution of a path of the bypass air. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the bypass unit includes a plurality of bypass holes in an area where the igniter is mounted, thereby forming a flow path of the bypass air. The method according to claim 1,
The burner unit includes a fuel injection pipe inserted into the center of the bypass portion, a combustion air injection pipe through which the fuel injection pipe is inserted, and a flange-shaped upper cover surrounding one side of the combustion air injection pipe The fuel reforming apparatus of the solid oxide fuel cell. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the plurality of through holes include a plurality of first through holes and a plurality of second through holes, wherein the first through holes are provided on a side surface of the fuel injection tube, and the second through- And the fuel gas and the combustion air are mixed and provided along the outer surface of the burner portion. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the reforming reaction unit includes a lower cover at a position corresponding to the upper cover. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the raw material gas generating module has a staggered flow path formed concentrically with partition walls at regular intervals inside thereof. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the reforming reaction unit is provided with a catalyst inside the flow pipe, and steam and reactive gases, which have passed through the flow path of the raw material gas generating module, pass through the flow pipe. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the reforming reaction unit comprises a first flange and the raw material injection unit has a second flange at an end where the reforming reaction unit is inserted so that the first flange and the second flange are sealed to each other. A fuel reforming apparatus for an oxide fuel cell. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the heat source supply pipe is provided with a heating pipe in which the burner unit is located and a heat transfer pipe through which heated air moves and the diameter of the heat transfer pipe is smaller than that of the heating pipe. Fuel reformer. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the heat transfer tubes are disposed adjacent to each other through an inner wall of the material gas generating module. 12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Wherein the burner unit, the reforming reaction unit, and the raw material injecting unit are coupled and closed, and the burner unit is coupled to the reforming reaction unit so that the burner unit can be separated or replaced.

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