KR101816346B1 - Flux control apparatus of fuel cell vehicle cooling system and Control method thereof - Google Patents
Flux control apparatus of fuel cell vehicle cooling system and Control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- KR101816346B1 KR101816346B1 KR1020150098704A KR20150098704A KR101816346B1 KR 101816346 B1 KR101816346 B1 KR 101816346B1 KR 1020150098704 A KR1020150098704 A KR 1020150098704A KR 20150098704 A KR20150098704 A KR 20150098704A KR 101816346 B1 KR101816346 B1 KR 101816346B1
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- heater
- cooling water
- flow rate
- inlet
- valve
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- B60L11/1892—
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- B60L11/1894—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate regulating mechanism.
A fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stack for producing electrical energy by reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; A heater for warming up the cooling water and the stack by using the electric energy of the simultaneous cold stack; A housing having a heater inlet and a heater outlet through which the heater is received and the cooling water is introduced and discharged; And a valve disposed inside the housing to open and close the heater outlet.
Description
The present invention relates to a fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate adjusting mechanism and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate adjusting mechanism and a control method thereof, And also to a structure for controlling the flow rate of the branch loop.
Fuel cells are a kind of power generation system that converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy by reacting electrochemically in the fuel cell stack without converting it into heat by combustion. It is not only supplying power for industrial, household and vehicle driving, It can also be applied to the electric power supply of electric / electronic products, especially portable devices.
In the fuel cell system described above, heat is generated as a reaction by-product, so that a cooling device that cools the stack is required to prevent the temperature of the stack from rising, and a thermal management system is required to secure the cold.
Conventionally, in a conventional fuel cell vehicle cooling system, a stack and a heater are connected in series or in parallel. In both cases, the flow rate of each loop was controlled by valve angle control at fixed position or pump rpm variation. Also, the flow rate of the heating air conditioning heater and ion filter branch loop was controlled by the rpm control of the stack cooling pump. When a heater is attached to a cooling system loop of a fuel cell vehicle, an outlet valve is added to prevent overheating due to a decrease in the level of the cooling water.
Problems to be solved by the present invention are as follows.
First, it is possible to control the flow rate in the heater direction and the stack direction by making linear motion in the direction of flow, and also to control the flow rate of the air conditioning heater for heating and the ion filter branch loop.
Another object of the present invention is to solve the pressure of the cooling water line inside the stack when the internal pressure is increased due to rapid rise of the cooling water temperature or sudden increase of the flow rate.
The problems of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate adjusting mechanism, comprising: a stack for producing electrical energy by reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; A heater for warming up the cooling water and the stack by using the electric energy of the simultaneous cold stack; A housing having a heater inlet and a heater outlet through which the heater is received and the cooling water is introduced and discharged; And a valve disposed inside the housing to open and close the heater outlet.
The control method of the fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stack for producing electric energy by the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen A housing having a heater inlet and a heater outlet accommodating the heater and discharging cooling water, and a valve disposed inside the housing to open and close the heater outlet, and a control method of the fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate adjusting mechanism Flowing cooling water toward the stack; And adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing and the cooling water flowing into the stack by changing the position of the valve.
The details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.
The present invention has the following effects.
First, it is possible to control the flow rate in the heater direction and the stack direction, and also the flow rate of the air conditioning heater and the ion filter branch loop by enabling linear movement in the direction of the flow.
Another object of the present invention is to solve the pressure of the cooling water line inside the stack when the internal pressure is increased due to a sudden rise of the cooling water temperature or a sudden rise of the flow rate.
The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.
FIG. 1 shows a valve structure of a cooling system flow rate control function, in which a valve end is located at a second position B. FIG.
2 shows a case where the valve end is located at the first position (A).
Fig. 3 shows a case where the valve end is located between the first position A and the second position B. Fig.
4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a flow rate control mechanism of a fuel cell vehicle cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of embodiments of the step of regulating the flow rate of the cooling water of Fig. 4; Fig.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and the manner of achieving them, will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings for explaining a fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate adjusting mechanism according to embodiments of the present invention.
As a fuel cell, a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which has been most studied as a power source for driving a vehicle, has a structure in which hydrogen ions move on both sides of an electrolyte membrane A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) having a catalytic electrode layer on which an electrochemical reaction takes place, a gas diffusion layer (GDL) acting to distribute the generated electric energy evenly to the reaction gases, A gasket and a fastening mechanism for maintaining airtightness and proper tightening pressure of the gases and the cooling water, and a bipolar plate for moving the reaction gases and the cooling water.
In the fuel cell, hydrogen as a fuel and oxygen as an oxidant (air) are supplied to an anode and a cathode of a membrane electrode assembly through a flow path of a separator plate, respectively. The hydrogen is supplied to the anode Oxygen (air) "or" oxygen electrode "or" reduction electrode "), and oxygen (air) is supplied to the cathode.
The hydrogen supplied to the anode is decomposed into hydrogen ions (proton, H +) and electrons (electron and e-) by the catalyst of the electrode layer formed on both sides of the electrolyte membrane. Only hydrogen ions selectively pass through the electrolyte membrane And at the same time, the electrons are transferred to the cathode through the gas diffusion layer which is a conductor and the separator plate.
In the cathode, hydrogen ions supplied through the electrolyte membrane and electrons transferred through the separator meet with oxygen in the air supplied to the cathode by the air supplying device to generate water. At this time, the flow of electrons through the external conductor occurs due to the movement of hydrogen ions, and a current is generated by the flow of electrons.
BACKGROUND ART [0002] A fuel cell system mounted on a vehicle mainly includes a fuel cell stack for generating electrical energy, a fuel supply device for supplying fuel (hydrogen) to the fuel cell stack, a fuel cell stack for supplying oxygen in the air, And a thermal management system (TMS) that removes reaction heat from the air supply device and the fuel cell stack to the outside of the system and controls the operation temperature of the fuel cell stack.
In such a configuration, in the fuel cell system, electricity is generated by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen as fuel and oxygen in the air, and heat and water are discharged as reaction byproducts.
As is well known, the cooling water of the TMS line serves as a coolant (coolant) for cooling the stack, and at the same time as the coolant is rapidly heated by the heater, it is supplied to the stack, thereby serving as a heat medium to rapidly thaw the stack.
A conventional solution for securing cold freezing in a fuel cell vehicle was the rapid thawing of pure water using a heater inside a Rapid Thaw Accumulator (RTA). However, if pure water is used, pure water will freeze below the freezing point, and the cooling water loop will become complicated and additional drain valves will be required.
In order to solve these problems, there is a method of using cooling antifreeze as a cooling fluid for the stack and rapid cooling of the cooling water to smooth the power generation of the stack at a temperature below the freezing point. To do this, the heater must be attached to the stack cooling water line.
In addition, in the fuel cell vehicle, COD (Cathode Oxygen Depletion) is connected to both terminals of the stack to prevent degradation of stack durability due to corrosion of the catalyst-carrying carbon when the fuel cell starts up / shutdown, The power generation by the reaction of the heat energy is consumed by the heat energy.
These heaters and CODs are all resistance heaters, which can be integrated into a single heater, essentially only when and when they are used. Such a COD integrated heater uses all of the heat generated in the stack cooling water circuit to raise the temperature of the stack cooling water. In addition, the COD integrated heater is used to prevent the carbon burning of the electrode and the anode flooding of the electrode when the fuel cell is started and shut down, and the load of the coaxial stack is rapidly increased to the self-heating temperature of the cryogenic cold simultaneous stack. Are separately attached to the TMS line.
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 shows a structure of a
1 to 3, a fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow control device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a
A fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a
The fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a
The
The
The valve (41) forms a gap (25) between the housing (23) and the housing (23) so as to provide a buffer function when the level of the cooling water flowing to the heater outlet (29) drops.
The filter / air
The filter / air
The fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate regulating mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an
The
This patent relates to a valve in the form of a movable baffle that acts as a cooling water buffer to the upper end of the
The valve (41) is disposed away from the heater outlet (29) as the closing amount of the filter / air conditioning line inlet (50) is increased to simultaneously perform the flow rate control function of the cooling water.
The
The
The
The
When the pressure of the cooling water at the inlet of the
The
And the end of the
When the
When the
When the
The
When the
When the
The fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an
4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a flow rate control mechanism of a fuel cell vehicle cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a flow chart of embodiments of the step of regulating the flow rate of the cooling water of Fig. 4; Fig.
4 and 5, a method of controlling a fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a
The step S3 of regulating the flow rate of the cooling water moves the
In the step S3 of regulating the flow rate of the cooling water, when the output of the
The step S3 of regulating the flow rate of the cooling water moves the
The
In the step of controlling the flow rate of the cooling water, the
Also, the step of controlling the flow rate of the cooling water moves the
According to the fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate control mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the valve can perform linear motion in the flow direction, and serves as a buffer for cooling water, thereby preventing overheating of the
In the case where the
On the contrary, when the amount of heat generated by the
The flow rate of each flow path can be controlled based on the temperature / pressure value of each loop, and the means of flow rate control can be the primary means such as the pump rpm, the position of the
10: Stack
20: Heater
30: Coolant pump
41: Valve
43: inlet flow baffle
50: Filter / air conditioning line entrance
Claims (21)
A heater for warming up the cooling water and the stack by using the electric energy of the simultaneous cold stack;
A housing accommodating the heater and having a heater inlet communicating with a flow path through which the cooling water flows toward the stack and a heater outlet through which the cooling water introduced through the heater inlet is discharged; And
And a valve disposed inside the housing to open and close the heater outlet to adjust the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing through the heater inlet;
The housing has a filter / air conditioning line inlet communicating with the filter / air conditioning duct,
Wherein the valve comprises:
And a fuel cell cooling system flow rate regulating mechanism disposed slidably in the housing to open and close the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line.
Further comprising a heater and a coolant pump for supplying coolant to the stack,
The heater inlet
And the cooling water pump is communicated with a flow path of cooling water discharged from the cooling water pump toward the stack.
The inlet of the filter / air conditioning line is located on the movement path of the valve and is formed on the lower side of the heater outlet,
The heater outlet is formed at a side upper end of the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line,
Wherein the valve closes the heater outlet and the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line so as to close at the same time to the housing.
Wherein the valve comprises:
And a flow rate control function of cooling water at the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line.
Wherein the valve comprises:
And closes the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line and the outlet of the heater at the same time when the output of the stack is equal to or higher than the reference value, thereby reducing the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing.
Wherein the valve comprises:
Wherein when the heater is not used and cooling of the heater is unnecessary, the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line and the outlet of the heater are simultaneously closed to reduce the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing.
Wherein the valve comprises:
And closes the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line and the outlet of the heater at the same time when the inlet cooling water pressure of the stack is lower than a predetermined reference pressure, thereby reducing the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing.
Wherein the valve comprises:
And the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing is increased by simultaneously opening the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line and the outlet of the heater when the output of the heater is equal to or higher than a reference value.
Wherein the valve comprises:
And the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing is increased by simultaneously opening the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line and the outlet of the heater when the inlet cooling water pressure of the stack is higher than a predetermined reference pressure.
A fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow rate regulating mechanism for increasing the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing by simultaneously opening the filter / air conditioning line inlet and the heater outlet when increasing the flow rate of the cooling water flowing to the inlet of the filter / .
Wherein the valve comprises:
Wherein the inlet of the heater outlet is higher than the inlet of the heater outlet to maintain a predetermined level of the cooling water level.
Closing the heater outlet through the valve to flow cooling water toward the stack; And
Adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the housing and the cooling water flowing into the stack by changing the position of the valve;
Wherein adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water comprises:
And the valve is moved in a direction to close the heater outlet when the output of the stack is equal to or higher than a reference value.
Wherein adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water comprises:
When the output of the heater is equal to or higher than the reference value, the valve is moved in a direction to open the heater outlet
Control method of fuel cell vehicle cooling system flow control device.
Wherein adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water comprises:
And the valve is moved in a direction to open the heater outlet when the flow rate of the cooling water accommodated in the housing is less than a reference value.
The housing has a filter / air conditioning line inlet communicating with the filter / air conditioning duct,
Wherein the valve is arranged to be capable of opening and closing the inlet of the filter / air conditioning line,
Wherein adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water comprises:
And when the flow rate of the cooling water flowing into the filter / air conditioning line is increased, the valve is moved in a direction of opening the heater outlet.
Wherein adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water comprises:
And when the heater is not used, moves the valve in a direction to close the heater outlet.
Wherein adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water comprises:
And the valve is moved in a direction to open the heater outlet when the pressure of the stack inlet cooling water is higher than a predetermined reference, thereby controlling the flow rate of the fuel.
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KR1020150098704A KR101816346B1 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2015-07-10 | Flux control apparatus of fuel cell vehicle cooling system and Control method thereof |
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KR1020150098704A KR101816346B1 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2015-07-10 | Flux control apparatus of fuel cell vehicle cooling system and Control method thereof |
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US11572961B2 (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2023-02-07 | Hanon Systems | Stackable pump and valve coolant modules |
Citations (1)
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JP2007294305A (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-11-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Cooling system of fuel cell |
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JP2007294305A (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-11-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Cooling system of fuel cell |
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