KR101761317B1 - Energy Harvesting Device Using Piezoelectric Composite And Method for Manufacturing the Same - Google Patents

Energy Harvesting Device Using Piezoelectric Composite And Method for Manufacturing the Same Download PDF

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KR101761317B1
KR101761317B1 KR1020160004233A KR20160004233A KR101761317B1 KR 101761317 B1 KR101761317 B1 KR 101761317B1 KR 1020160004233 A KR1020160004233 A KR 1020160004233A KR 20160004233 A KR20160004233 A KR 20160004233A KR 101761317 B1 KR101761317 B1 KR 101761317B1
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piezoelectric
piezoelectric composite
energy conversion
conversion device
composite body
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KR1020160004233A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20170084861A (en
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이행기
남일우
하미드 수리
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한국과학기술원
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    • H01L41/047—
    • H01L41/113—
    • H01L41/187—
    • H01L41/193—
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Abstract

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an energy conversion device using a piezoelectric composite capable of uniformly dispersing a piezoelectric material in a polymer resin and improving a time constant of a piezoelectric effect to obtain a high energy conversion performance and a manufacturing method thereof , The energy conversion device according to the present invention comprises: a piezoelectric composite in which a polymer resin, a piezoelectric material powder, a diluent, a carbon nano material, and a conductive metal powder are mixed; An insulating layer laminated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body; And an electrode provided between the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body and the respective insulating layers and electrically connected to an external electric device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an energy conversion device using a piezoelectric composite,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an energy conversion device using a piezoelectric composite, and more particularly, to a piezoelectric conversion device using a piezoelectric material, which is made by mixing a piezoelectric material with a polymeric material and converts mechanical energy such as pressure, The present invention relates to an energy conversion apparatus using a composite and a manufacturing method thereof.

With the development of science and technology and the advancement of industry, the demand for energy is increasing day by day. In order to meet such an increase in energy demand, thermal power and nuclear power generation have been used in the past. However, due to problems such as depletion of fossil fuels and radioactive waste disposal, technologies for harvesting and utilizing energy lost in the natural state have been actively developed have.

Piezoelectric energy harvesting technology is a technology that converts mechanical energy such as microvibration, pressure, and impact into electrical energy. Piezoelectric energy harvesting technology has higher energy harvesting efficiency than energy harvesting technology using sunlight, electromagnetic, and heat, and has the advantage of shortest installation period. Thus, the world is actively investing in related technologies Have

For example, Israel's Inowate Technology Inc. has developed a technology that can produce 200kWh of electricity on roads with 600 vehicles per hour by harvesting road piezoelectric energy. In the United States and Japan, And is actively investing in technology development to utilize it.

However, domestic R & D investment for related technologies is very limited. In addition, since the world market related to energy harvesting is expected to grow rapidly to reach 6 trillion won by 2022, aggressive investment is urgent for domestic energy demand management and to enhance international competitiveness of the technology.

On the other hand, as a conventional piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus, Japanese Patent Registration No. 10-1402988 discloses a flexible piezoelectric energy harvesting device in which a piezoelectric composite layer prepared by mixing a piezoelectric powder and a polymer is introduced and a manufacturing method thereof.

However, the piezoelectric energy harvesting devices using the conventional piezoelectric composite including the above-mentioned registered patent are merely formed by mixing a piezoelectric material with a polymer resin. However, since the piezoelectric material is not uniformly dispersed in the polymer resin, .

Registration No. 10-1402988 (Registered on May 27, 2014) Registration No. 10-0405154 (registered on October 30, 2003) Registration No. 10-1478683 (registered on December 26, 2014)

An object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric device capable of uniformly dispersing a piezoelectric material in a polymer resin and improving a time constant of a piezoelectric effect to obtain a high energy conversion performance And a method of manufacturing the same.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy conversion device comprising: a piezoelectric composite in which a polymer resin, a piezoelectric material powder, a diluent, a carbon nanomaterial, and a conductive metal powder are mixed; An insulating layer laminated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body; And an electrode provided between the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body and the respective insulating layers and electrically connected to an external electric device.

Preferably, the piezoelectric composite comprises 30 to 60% by weight of a piezoelectric material powder, 4 to 10% by weight of a diluent, 0.1 to 1% by weight of a carbon nano material, 1 to 3% by weight of a conductive metal powder, do.

The polymer resin of the piezoelectric composite is characterized by being a polyurethane mixed with a main component containing polyol and a curing agent containing isocyanate in a weight ratio of 1: 1.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy conversion apparatus of the present invention, comprising: a plurality of elastic members provided on a side surface of the piezoelectric composite body and supporting the piezoelectric composite body while elastically biasing the bottom structure in which the energy conversion device is embedded, .

And a spring support groove into which the elastic members are inserted is formed on a side surface of the piezoelectric composite.

The elastic member includes a compression spring having one end supported on the inner surface of the groove of the floor structure in which the energy conversion device is embedded, and an insulating resin And may include a spring cap of material.

A method of manufacturing an energy conversion device according to the present invention as described above,

(a) mixing a polymer resin, a piezoelectric material powder, a diluent, a carbon nano material, and a conductive metal powder at a set weight ratio;

(b) introducing the mixture mixed in the step (a) into a milling machine in which a plurality of rotary rolls are continuously arranged, thereby repeatedly passing the mixture between the rotary rolls a plurality of times in succession;

(c) charging the mixture into a molding mold and curing the mixture to complete the piezoelectric composite;

(d) attaching an electrode to the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric composite;

(e) forming an insulating layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric composite;

And a control unit.

In the step (a), 30 to 60% by weight of the piezoelectric material powder, 4 to 10% by weight of the diluent, 0.1 to 1% by weight of the carbon nano material, 1 to 3% by weight of the conductive metal powder, .

According to the present invention, the piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric composite is uniformly dispersed by the carbon nanomaterial, so that the time constant of the piezoelectric effect can be improved and the energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

Further, when the piezoelectric composite is embedded in the bottom structure, an elastic member is provided on the side of the piezoelectric composite to elastically support the piezoelectric composite, so that the piezoelectric composite maintains a stable position without being separated from the groove of the bottom structure. It is possible to quickly return to the original state after the elastic deformation, so that the piezoelectric effect can be further increased.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an energy conversion device using a piezoelectric composite according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a plan view of an energy conversion device using the piezoelectric composite shown in Fig.
3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing the energy conversion device according to the present invention.
4 is a schematic view illustrating a milling process using a milling machine in the process of manufacturing the energy conversion device according to the present invention.
5 is a graph showing the electrical energy conversion performance for various embodiments of the energy conversion device according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an energy conversion device using a piezoelectric composite according to the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2, an energy conversion device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a piezoelectric composite 10, an insulating layer 10 which is laminated on the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric composite 10, And an electrode 20 disposed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body 10 and each of the insulating layers 30 and electrically connected to an external electrical device.

The piezoelectric composite 10 is elastically deformed by external pressure (for example, pressure applied from the tire of the vehicle) to generate electric energy. The piezoelectric composite 10 is made by mixing a polymer resin, a piezoelectric material powder, a diluent, a carbon nano material, and a conductive metal powder at a predetermined weight ratio.

Preferably, the piezoelectric composite 10 comprises 30 to 60% by weight of a piezoelectric material powder, 4 to 10% by weight of a diluent, 0.1 to 1% by weight of a carbon nano material, 1 to 3% by weight of a conductive metal powder, .

The polymer resin may be selected from the group consisting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate, polycyclic olefin, polyimide and polyurethane In consideration of the dispersibility and the mechanical properties of the piezoelectric material, a polyol-containing base and a curing agent containing isocyanate are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1, Urethane is preferably used.

For example, zinc oxide (ZnO), barium titanate (BaTiO 3), lead zirconate (PZT), or the like can be used as the piezoelectric material powder. If the piezoelectric material powder is added in an amount of less than 30% by weight, the piezoelectric effect is markedly deteriorated. When the piezoelectric material powder is added in an amount of more than 60% by weight, mechanical properties of the piezoelectric composite material 10 are deteriorated And the viscosity of the mixture and the like are not easy to produce the piezoelectric composite 10.

The diluent is added to control the viscosity of the polymer resin. When a polyurethane resin is used as the polymer resin, toluene can be used. It is preferable that the diluent is added in an amount of 4 to 10% by weight. If the diluent is added in an amount of less than 4% by weight, the viscosity of the polymer resin-based mixture is high and the milling process using the milling machine (3-roll milling process) not. If the diluent is more than 10% by weight, the viscosity of the polymer-based mixture is excessively low, which makes it difficult to proceed with the milling process using a milling machine in the piezoelectric composite manufacturing process and it takes a long time to harden the piezoelectric composite There is a drawback that it takes time.

The carbon nano materials may include carbon nanotubes, graphene, and plate-like nano graphite. The carbon nanomaterial serves to increase the dispersibility of the piezoelectric material powder in the polymer resin-based mixture and to accelerate generation and extinction of the generated voltage, that is, to provide an effect of increasing the time constant.

When the carbon nanomaterial is added in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight, the piezoelectric material powder is hardly dispersed. If the carbon nanomaterial is mixed in an amount of 1% by weight or more, There is a possibility that the piezoelectric effect is deteriorated due to the reduction of the dielectric property of the dielectric layer (see the graph of FIG. 5).

The conductive metal powder improves the dielectric property of the piezoelectric composite 10 and improves the piezoelectric performance. The conductive metal powder may be copper powder. The conductive metal powder is preferably added in an amount of 1 to 3% by weight. If the conductive metal powder is mixed with more than 3% by weight, the dielectric property of the piezoelectric composite 10 may deteriorate and the piezoelectric effect may deteriorate.

An anode electrode 20 or a cathode electrode 20 is attached to each of the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric composite 10, which is made of a mixture of such materials, and is connected to an external electric device, for example, a rechargeable battery for charging electricity . The electrode 20 can be attached to the piezoelectric composite 10 using a conductive adhesive.

An insulating layer 30 is applied to the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite 10 so as to cover the electrode 20. The insulating layer 30 may be formed of an insulating sheet, tape, flat plate, or the like.

The energy conversion device 1 of the present invention including the piezoelectric composite 10 is formed in a package of a road or a floor structure of a facility (for example, an asphalt package of a road, a concrete package, a floor slab of a facility, etc.) Is embedded in the groove R, and is repeatedly pressed by a vehicle, a person, or other object passing over the groove R, thereby generating electric energy by the piezoelectric effect.

The piezoelectric composite body 10 is elastically deformed when the pressing force is applied from the upper side, and is contracted to the lower side and expanded laterally. When the pressing force is removed after the elastic deformation, the piezoelectric composite body 10 must be quickly restored to its original state to exhibit repetitive piezoelectric performance Do.

To this end, a plurality of elastic members 40 are provided on the side surface of the piezoelectric composite body 10 to support the piezoelectric composite body 10 while applying elastic force laterally to the inner surface of the groove R formed in the bottom structure.

A spring support groove 11 into which one end of the elastic member 40 is inserted is concavely formed on the side surface of the piezoelectric composite 10 so as to apply an elastic force to the elastic member 40 at a predetermined position without detaching the elastic members 40 have.

The elastic member 40 includes a compression spring 41 whose one end is supported on the inner side of the groove R of the floor structure in which the energy conversion device 1 is embedded and the compression spring 41 coupled to one end of the compression spring 41 And a spring cap 42 made of an insulating resin material, which is inserted into and supported by the inside of the spring support groove 11 of the piezoelectric composite 10.

Therefore, when the energy conversion device 1 of the present invention is buried in the groove R of the bottom structure and a load is applied from the upper side to the lower side by a vehicle, a person, or other object, the piezoelectric composite 10 is pressed After being elastically deformed, is quickly restored to its original state by the elastic force of the elastic member 40, a piezoelectric effect is generated, and electric energy is generated.

Next, a method of manufacturing the energy conversion device of the present invention will be described.

First, a polymer resin, a piezoelectric material powder, a diluent, a carbon nano material, and a conductive metal powder are mixed at a set weight ratio (step S1). In this case, 30 to 60 wt% of the piezoelectric material powder, 4 to 10 wt% of the diluent, 0.1 to 1 wt% of the carbon nanomaterial, 1 to 3 wt% of the conductive metal powder, and the remaining polymer resin were put into the mixing vessel, The mixture is stirred at about 300 rpm for about 5 to 10 minutes using a stirring device such as a homogenizer or a shear mixer.

In the step S1, the mixture is mixed with a plurality of (three in this embodiment) rotary rolls 51, 52 and 53 by a 3-roll milling machine 50 ), And the mixture is passed between the rotary rolls (51, 52, 53) so that the piezoelectric material powder is uniformly dispersed in the mixture. The work of passing the mixture between the rotary rolls 51, 52, 53 of the milling machine 50 is repeated five times or so (step S2).

Subsequently, the mixture is introduced into a molding mold (not shown) and cured to complete the piezoelectric composite 10 (step S3).

The electrode 20 is attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body 10 in step S4 and then the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body 10 are bonded to each other. The insulating layer 30 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1 to manufacture the energy conversion device 1 (step S5).

The energy conversion device 1 manufactured as described above is inserted into the groove formed in the floor structure, and then the elastic member 40 is installed on the side surface of the piezoelectric composite 10, thereby being applied to the floor structure.

Next, an embodiment of a piezoelectric composite of an energy conversion device according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The piezoelectric composite shown in the following Table 1 was prepared by using polyurethane obtained by mixing a polyol base material and an isocyanate curing agent at a ratio of 1: 1 as a polymer resin and using zinc oxide (ZnO) as a piezoelectric material powder, toluene as a diluent, (MWNT) and copper (Cu) powder as the conductive metal powders were used, and piezoelectric composite samples were prepared by varying the blending amounts of the multiwall carbon nanotubes and the copper powder.

Polyurethane
(weight%) Zinc oxide
(weight%) Copper powder
(weight%) MWNT
(weight%) toluene
(weight%) Comparative Example 1 50 46 0 0 4 Example 1 50.5 45 0 0.5 4 Example 2 47.5 45 3 0.5 4 Example 3 47 45 3 1.0 4 Example 4 47 44.5 3 1.5 4

The graphs of FIG. 5 show the electric energy generated by embedding the piezoelectric composites of the formulations shown in Table 1 in the bottom package and applying loads to the wheels of the vehicle.

Referring to the graph of FIG. 5, it was confirmed that the piezoelectric composites (Examples 1 to 4) of the present invention in which copper powder and carbon nanotubes were mixed had a higher output voltage than the piezoelectric composite of Comparative Example 1. However, when the compounding ratio of the carbon nanotubes exceeds 1.0 wt% (Example 4), the output voltage is somewhat reduced. It is preferable that the carbon nanotubes, which are carbon nanomaterials, are added in an amount of 1 wt% ≪ / RTI > is most preferred.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1: Energy conversion device 10: Piezoelectric composite
11: spring mounting groove 20: electrode
30: insulating layer 40: elastic member
41: compression spring 42: spring cap
50: milling machine 51, 52, 53: rotary roll
R: Home

Claims (8)

Wherein the piezoelectric resin material comprises 30 to 60 wt% of a piezoelectric material powder, 4 to 10 wt% of a diluent, 0.1 to 1 wt% of a carbon nano material, 1 to 3 wt% of a conductive metal powder, A piezoelectric composite for generating electrical energy as it is deformed;
An insulating layer laminated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body;
An electrode provided between the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric composite body and the respective insulating layers and electrically connected to an external electric device; And
A plurality of elastic members provided on a side surface of the piezoelectric composite body and elastically biasing the piezoelectric composite body laterally to a floor structure in which the energy conversion device is embedded to elastically deform the piezoelectric composite body and return to the original state;
Lt; / RTI >
And a spring support groove into which the elastic members are inserted is formed on a side surface of the piezoelectric composite body,
The elastic member includes a compression spring having one end supported on the inner surface of the groove of the floor structure in which the energy conversion device is embedded, and an insulating resin And a spring cap made of a piezoelectric material. delete The energy conversion device using the piezoelectric composite according to claim 1, wherein the polymer resin of the piezoelectric composite is polyurethane mixed with a polyol and a curing agent containing isocyanate in a weight ratio of 1: 1. delete delete delete 6. A manufacturing method of an energy conversion device according to claim 1 or 3,
(a) mixing 30 to 60 wt% of a piezoelectric material powder, 4 to 10 wt% of a diluent, 0.1 to 1 wt% of a carbon nano material, 1 to 3 wt% of a conductive metal powder, and the balance polymer resin;
(b) introducing the mixture mixed in the step (a) into a milling machine in which a plurality of rotary rolls are continuously arranged, thereby repeatedly passing the mixture between the rotary rolls a plurality of times in succession;
(c) charging the mixture into a molding mold and curing the mixture to complete the piezoelectric composite;
(d) attaching an electrode to the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric composite;
(e) forming an insulating layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric composite;
Wherein the piezoelectric composite material is a piezoelectric material.
delete
KR1020160004233A 2016-01-13 2016-01-13 Energy Harvesting Device Using Piezoelectric Composite And Method for Manufacturing the Same KR101761317B1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002057378A (en) * 2000-08-11 2002-02-22 Nagano Japan Radio Co Piezoelectric transformer
KR101182723B1 (en) * 2012-01-27 2012-09-13 한국신발피혁연구소 Method for manufacturing conductive polyurethane resin composite in which carbon nano tube is uniformly dispersed
KR101213190B1 (en) * 2011-07-19 2012-12-18 서울대학교산학협력단 Fabricating method of piezoelectric nanogenerator
KR101442632B1 (en) * 2013-04-03 2014-09-22 한국세라믹기술원 piezoelectric composite film and piezoelectric apparatus using the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002057378A (en) * 2000-08-11 2002-02-22 Nagano Japan Radio Co Piezoelectric transformer
KR101213190B1 (en) * 2011-07-19 2012-12-18 서울대학교산학협력단 Fabricating method of piezoelectric nanogenerator
KR101182723B1 (en) * 2012-01-27 2012-09-13 한국신발피혁연구소 Method for manufacturing conductive polyurethane resin composite in which carbon nano tube is uniformly dispersed
KR101442632B1 (en) * 2013-04-03 2014-09-22 한국세라믹기술원 piezoelectric composite film and piezoelectric apparatus using the same

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