KR101740594B1 - Artificial floating island for incrassating marine harmful algal and system including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an artificial floating island for incrassating marine harmful algae, which comprises: a floating body; and a sea water retention structure formed under a water surface, and having at least one permeable film fixated to a lower portion of the floating body and at least one impermeable film. A permeable rate of the permeable film is higher than a permeable rate of the impermeable film to retain sea water harmful algae inside the sea water retention structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an artificial flooding system for concentrating marine harmful birds and an artificial flooding system including the same,

The present invention relates to an artificial default system for concentrating marine harmful tidal currents and an artificial default system coupled with a filter press for removing marine harmful tidal currents.

As resource management for the coastal waters of each country is strengthened and the use of foreigners is regulated, the production of deep-sea fishery in Korea is decreasing. In order to solve this problem and to develop the fisheries industry, it is necessary to switch from catching fisheries to fisheries. The coastal coasts of Korea should be constructed for coastal fisheries. Coastal pollution and harmful algae are frequent in the coastal areas. The harmful birds have caused more than 10 billion won damage, and in 2012, it has been reported that it has caused more than 300 billion damage (non-patent document 1). The damage caused by the harmful birds in the offshore fisheries that dominate the fishery industry occurs every year. Recently, the harmful birds have been broadened, prolonged, and densified. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop effective marine harmful bird removal system.

Marine harmful algae are easily destroyed when they come into contact with foreign matter in the water. Therefore, chemical agents (CuSO ₄ , organic compounds, etc.) are sprayed, physical methods such as ultrasonic waves are stimulated, ozone treatment, sea surface recovery and sedimentation are used as methods for removing harmful algae. In Korea, harmful algae are removed by applying yellow clay to seawater and adsorbing and sedimenting harmful algae (Non-Patent Document 2).

However, there are many living organisms in the oceans, and due to the currents, there is a great possibility that the materials that are sprayed on the ocean will spread to the waters. In this case, the work for the control of marine harmful birds may result in contamination of wider sea areas. Experts in some parts of the country and abroad argue that ecosystems are threatened by the recurrence of contaminated or heavy metals containing loess. In fact, Japan has been using clay for a limited period of time since the 1980s, and the United States and Australia are using only a limited amount of phosphorus because of the high phosphorus content in the soil. In Jeollanam-do, in 2002, when 46,000 tons of loess was sprayed, the amount of damage including fish deaths was about 3 billion won, but in 2003, when the spraying of 63,000 tons was accelerated, the eutrophication of seawater was further accelerated to 17.6 billion won (Non-Patent Document 3-4).

In order to prevent coastal environmental pollution, coastal pollution load on the land and production activities of related industries should be restrained, but it is impossible in reality, and environmental infrastructure for pollution prevention should be invested every year, but there are many difficulties in the national economy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly harmful algae control technology to minimize the damage of fisheries caused by harmful algae phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to purify and remove the harmful algae to minimize damage of marine aquaculture farms.

[Non-Patent Document]

1. Present status of the red tide study in Korea and future research direction (2007)

2. G. H. Na, W. J. Choi and Y. Y. Chun, J. Aquaculture 9 (3) 239-245 (1996)

3. Kim Min-jin, reporter, red ocher effect for red tide is not available. Controversy weighted, Hansan Newspaper (2013)

4. Daegu-Gyeongbuk Environmental Preservation Association Eco-Journal

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for removing harmful algae from marine harmful birds, And an artificial bankruptcy system including the artificial bankruptcy system.

The present invention provides a seawater retention structure comprising a float and a water permeable membrane formed below the water float and fixed to a lower portion of the float and at least one water receiving membrane, And the permeability of the permeable membrane is higher than the permeability of the permeable membrane so that the harmful algae of the seawater are retention inside the seawater retention structure.

According to one embodiment, the seawater retention structure further includes at least one concrete membrane for shielding the flow of seawater, wherein the seawater retention structure has a polygonal columnar shape by the permeable membrane, the aquarium membrane, and the concrete membrane, The membrane is disposed on the entire surface in the moving direction of the artificial diaper so that harmful algae flow through the permeable membrane, and the catchment membrane may be arranged to face the permeable membrane.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a plurality of H-shaped beams vertically fixed to at least one side surface of the float, wherein at least one of the permeable membrane, the aeration film and the concrete membrane is supported by flanges of a pair of H- And can be guided and slidingly coupled.

According to one embodiment, the awne membrane and the permeable membrane may include a ceramic porous body having a specific gravity of 0.1 to 1.5.

According to one embodiment, the thickness of the water permeable membrane may be thinner than the thickness of the water receiving membrane.

The present invention also provides a method for removing marine harmful algae including a synthetic filter for concentrating marine harmful algae and a filter press for drawing seawater inside the marine retention structure to the upper part of the floe and filtering the marine algae, To provide an artificial default system.

According to the present invention, Cochlodinium, which is a microorganism generating red tide in marine harmful algae, can be concentrated in an artificial suspension and removed by about 83% or more through a filter press system. That is, it can have a higher removal efficiency than the existing harmful algal system.

In addition, there is little damage to the marine environment in the process of removing harmful algae.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of artificial handout according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A is a schematic view of a permeable membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2B is a photograph of a permeable membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3A is a schematic diagram of a catchment film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3B is a photograph of the aquarium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a result of measurement of flow velocity around a man-made bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a red algae licking process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a sub-fluid unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a conceptual diagram of an artificial default system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a schematic diagram of a filter press system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a view for explaining the principle of operation of a filter press according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a photograph of a membrane membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a photograph of a membrane membrane after a filter press according to an embodiment of the present invention is used.
FIG. 12 is a graph comparing harmful algae cell concentrations of purified seawater using artificial default systems according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate identical or similar elements, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. The suffix "module" and " part "for the components used in the following description are given or mixed in consideration of ease of specification, and do not have their own meaning or role. In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, a detailed description of related arts will be omitted when it is determined that the gist of the embodiments disclosed herein may be blurred. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. , ≪ / RTI > equivalents, and alternatives.

Terms including ordinals, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited to these terms.

The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In this specification, the terms "comprises" or "having ", and the like, are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations thereof, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

Artificial default

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of artificial handout according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, an artificial barrier 100 for collecting and concentrating marine harmful algae according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a float 110 and a sea water retention structure 120 .

However, it is needless to say that the components shown in Fig. 1 are not essential, so that artificial defaults having components having fewer or fewer components can be implemented.

Hereinafter, each component will be described.

The float 110 is for forming a floating force so that the artificial banknote 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention floats on the water surface. The material of the float 110 is not particularly limited, it is preferable that the concrete is a large amount of lightweight concrete substituted with cementitious materials such as fly-ash or ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS). In order to secure the floating property, expanded polystyrene (EPS) Is preferably used. Here, for example, the ratio of the binder may be OPC (ordinary port cement), FA: GGBS may be 3: 2: 5, and the compressive strength of the concrete should be more than 45 MPa in consideration of the fatigue load due to waves and tidal current .

At this time, as described later, the float 110 is preferably annular or tubular with the middle portion penetrating to raise the harmful alga staying by the seawater retention structure 120.

For example, the float 110 may be in the form of a square column having an inner diameter of 6 × 6 m and an outer diameter of 10 × 10 m in consideration of harmful algae trapping and control efficiency, as shown in FIG.

The float 110 may be integrally formed, but may be formed by coupling the float unit units 111a and 111b as shown in FIG. For example, each of the sub-fluid unit units 111a and 111b may have a long rectangular parallelepiped shape or a rectangular column shape, and between the plurality of sub fluid unit units 111a and 111b, a shear force key 112a and / or a twisted strand 112b of a plurality of strands.

The seawater retention structure 120 is formed under the float 110, that is, below the water surface, and is a means for lowering the flow rate of seawater so that the seawater can stay inside the seawater retention structure 120.

The seawater retention structure 120 may include at least one water permeable membrane 121 and at least one water receiving membrane 122 fixed to the bottom of the float 110. At this time, The permeability may be higher than the permeability of the sieve membrane (122).

At this time, the water permeable membrane 121 and the water receiving membrane 122 may include a ceramic porous body having a specific gravity of 0.1 to 1.5, preferably a specific gravity of 1.2 to 1.4, more preferably a specific gravity of 1.3.

As an example, a spherical ceramic porous body having a specific gravity of 1.3 and a water absorption of 10% and having a diameter of 10 to 13.5 mm can be inserted into a cage having a thin rectangular parallelepiped shape as shown in Figs. 2A to 3B. Here, the cage for containing the ceramic porous body may be made of galvanized steel having a density of 7.14.

At this time, the thickness of the permeable membrane 121 may be made thinner than the thickness of the permeable membrane 122 so that the permeability of the permeable membrane 121 and the permeable membrane 122 is different. For example, the thickness of the water permeable membrane 121 including the ceramic porous body may be 4.5 cm, and the thickness of the water receiving membrane 122 may be 8 cm. As another example, as shown in FIG. 5, the size of the ceramic porous body included in the permeable membrane 121 can be made larger than the size of the ceramic porous body included in the aqueduct membrane 122.

The difference in permeability between the permeable membrane 121 and the aqueduct membrane 122 causes a retention time of the harmful alga contained in the seawater flowing into the seawater retention structure 120 so that the concentration of the harmful algae in the artificial barrier 100 .

Of course, harmful algae can be filtered and removed even with the water permeable membrane 121 containing the ceramic porous body or the water receiving membrane 122 itself.

The permeable membrane 121 and the aquifer membrane 122 may be fixed to the lower portion of the float 110 so that the seawater flowing into the permeable membrane 121 may be arranged to face each other to be discharged into the aquarium membrane 122, At least one surface of the tension structure 120 excluding the water permeable membrane 121 and the water shield 122 may include a concrete membrane (not shown) for shielding the flow of seawater. For example, the concrete membrane may be made of lightweight foamed concrete having a water permeability of 0%.

Thus, by the permeable membrane 121, the aquifer membrane 122 and the concrete membrane, the seawater retention structure 120 can have a three-dimensional polygonal columnar shape and, according to one embodiment, It may be in the form of a column.

However, the artificial pad 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is moved by the external force of the ship. The front portion of the artificial pad 100, which is the direction in which the artificial pad 100 moves, The relatively thick water receiving membrane 122 is provided on the rear surface of the artificial diaper 100 in the opposite direction so that the relatively light permeable membrane 121 is positioned on the front surface in the moving direction set in the artificial diverting member 100, As shown in Fig. At this time, the moving direction of the artificial buffer 100 may be set to a specific direction.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a result of measurement of flow velocity around a man-made bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the flow velocities in and out of the artificial collapse 100 show that the change in flow velocity inside and outside the artificial collapse 100 can be concentrated in the artificial collapse. As a result of measuring several times at the position of 1.7m from the bottom of the artificial default, the flow rate inside the artificial bank was lower than that of the external flow. The inside flow rate was 0 ~ 4cm / At a speed of ~ 12 cm / s. As a result, the seawater velocity in the artificial bankruptcy was 44% lower than the external velocity, so that the seawater retention in the artificial bankruptcy, and consequently, the harmful algae contained in the seawater could be concentrated in the artificial bankruptcy.

A conceptual diagram thereof is shown in Fig.

At least one of the permeable membrane 121, the aquifer membrane 122 and the concrete membrane may be fixed to the float 110 in a variety of known ways or at various locations, but according to one embodiment, the float 110 The H-shaped steel can be fixed in the vertical direction and the permeable membrane 121, the aeration membrane 122, or the concrete membrane can be interposed between the flanges of the pair of H-shaped steel.

That is, the permeable membrane 121, the awneer membrane 122, or the concrete membrane is guided and slidingly coupled by the flanges of the pair of H-shaped steel members, whereby the installation and replacement of the permeable membrane 121, the awnership membrane 122, .

If the surface of the permeable membrane 121 or the permeable membrane 122 is exposed to seawater for a certain period of time, bio-fouling may occur due to attachment of the microorganisms, and the permeable membrane 121 and the permeable membrane 5, at least one surface of at least one of the water permeable membrane 121 and the water retaining membrane 122, preferably the outer surface of the water permeable membrane 121, An anti-fouling coating 121a may be applied.

Artificial default system

7 is a conceptual diagram of an artificial default system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, an artificial default system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include the artificial default 100 and the filter press system 200 described above.

The filter press system 200 is supported on the upper side of the float 110 and specifically on the upper side of the float 110 so that a bottom plate (not shown) . The bottom surface of the bottom plate is connected to the bottom plate and the filter press system 200 by the seawater introduced into the seawater retention structure 120 through the permeable membrane 121, It is preferable to further include a membrane made of a tarpaulin material.

However, it goes without saying that the components shown in Fig. 7 are not essential, so that an artificial banking system having components having more or fewer components can be implemented.

Hereinafter, the filter press system 200 will be described in detail.

The filter press system 200 may further include a pump 220 and a generator 230, as shown in FIG. 7, in addition to the filter press 210.

The generator 230 is a device that converts the mechanical power into electric power or electric energy. The electric power generated by the generator 230 drives the filter press 210 and / or the pump 220.

The pump 220 is a device for transporting a fluid by using a pressure action and the pump 220 is connected to the inside of the seawater retention structure 120 (space formed between the permeable membrane 121 and the aft membrane 122) It can be lifted up to the upper part of float 110. The pump 220 may be, for example, an air diaphragm pump, to draw seawater up to the membrane membrane to separate the harmful algae and the filtered seawater.

The seawater drawn by the pump 220 is supplied to the filter press 210 through the pipe 221 (see FIG. 8), and the filter press 210 filters the introduced seawater, It can be discharged to the outside.

9 is a view for explaining the principle of operation of a filter press according to an embodiment of the present invention. 9 (a) shows a state in which the filter plate 214 is a closed plate, and FIG. 9 (b) shows a state in which the filter plate 214 is opened.

The filter press 210 includes a front frame 211 and a rear frame 212 located on the front and rear sides respectively and fixed to the front frame 211 and the rear frame 212 at opposite ends thereof, And a plurality of filter plates 214 can be supported on the side rails 213 so as to be opened and closed. A movable head 215 may be installed between the rear frame 212 and the filter plate 214 and a locking cylinder 216 may be provided on the rear frame 212 to be connected to the movable head 215. Accordingly, the movable head 215 and the respective filter plates 214 can be opened and closed at the same time by a connection link (not shown).

Therefore, by tightening the clamping cylinder 216 to press the movable head 215 toward the front frame 211, the filter plate 214 is closed, and the pump 220 is moved so that harmful birds pass between the filter plates 214, The filtrate can be discharged to the outside through the membrane membrane (not shown) attached to the filter plate 214.

At this time, the solid matter captured in the filter cloth is dehydrated while forming a cake layer, and after completion of dewatering, the tightening cylinder 216 is contracted to move the movable head 215 to the rear frame 212 side.

For example, the membrane plate 214 with a membrane membrane may be plastic, and the membrane membrane may be effectively removed due to the size of the cochlodinium, which is a typical marine harmful algae organism causing red tide, It may have a pore diameter of 1 to 20 mu m, preferably 5 to 15 mu m, more preferably 10 mu m.

As an example, the membrane membrane may have the specifications shown in Table 1 below.

Item Contents Ventilation 0.5cc / cm ² / sec Permeability coefficient 3.0E-3mm / sec material Polypropylene Weaving method twill weave (multi filament yarn)

10 is a photograph of a membrane membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 (b) is a photograph of the membrane membrane taken at an magnification of 300 times under an optical microscope. It shows twill weave of polypropylene multi filament yarn, which is thin and flexible filament, To form a dense membrane membrane structure.

11 is a photograph of a membrane membrane after a filter press according to an embodiment of the present invention is used. 11 (a) is a photograph of a membrane membrane after purification of the seawater in which the redox harmful algae are generated by the filter press system 200 according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 (b) is a photograph of the red brown foreign substance attached to the membrane membrane by an optical microscope This is a photograph I observed.

After purifying the filter press on the existing white membrane membrane, reddish brown foreign matter adheres. The reddish brown foreign matter adhered to the membrane membrane was observed with an optical microscope. As a result, the foreign matter was observed as a cochlearnidium belonging to the parasitoid algae which produces red tides in the ocean. Cochlearnidium generally forms a colony of about 4 to 16, as in photographs, rather than a single individual. It usually floats on the surface of the sea in the morning and forms a colony. It precipitates after 4:00 pm and disperses when it is abundant in sunshine. The parasitoids are interspersed among the gill tissues of the fish and stimulate a large amount of mucous secretion. If this phenomenon continues, secretion of mucus is exhausted, causing gill tissue to break down, ultimately making oxygen exchange impossible and causing fish mortality. In the present invention, it was confirmed that the harmful marine algae to be removed were purified through a membrane membrane with caoclodinium and filtered.

FIG. 12 is a graph comparing harmful algae cell concentrations of purified seawater using artificial default systems according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the components of the artificial default system according to the present invention, the permeability of the permeable membrane 121 and the permeable membrane 122, the inside of the seawater retention structure 120, the vicinity of the operating position of the filter press 210, The seawater was sampled at five locations to count the harmful algae before and after the operation of the filter press 210, and the removal efficiency was measured with an optical microscope. The harmful birds measured the red tide occurrence algae, Cochlodinium. The seawater containing the harmful algae was sampled and the movement of all living creatures in the seawater was fixed by mixing 1 ~ 2 microtube with 2 ~ 4% formaldehyde compared to seawater containing harmful algae and sea water. The prepared sample was packed in a SR microscope chamber with a chamber wall and observed at x100 magnification. The number of cells per ml was calculated by counting harmful algae in the scale of the SR chamber under microscope observation. The calculation formula is shown in Equation (1).

[Equation 1]

As a result of optical microscope observation, the amount of cochlodinium in seawater contaminated with harmful algae was 4,000 ~ 5,000 cells / ml, but it was 200 ~ 600cell / ml after filtration with a filter press. As a result of averaging the values at all times, the removal rate was 83%.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning, range, and equivalence of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention Should be interpreted.

100: artificial default 110: float
111a, 111b: float unit unit 120: seawater retention structure
121: Water permeable membrane 122:
200: filter press system 210: filter press
220: pump 230: generator

Claims (6)

Float; And
A seawater retention structure comprising at least one water permeable membrane and at least one water receiving membrane formed below the water surface and fixed to the lower portion of the float;
, ≪ / RTI &
Wherein the permeability of the permeable membrane is higher than the permeability of the permeable membrane so that the harmful algae of the seawater are retention inside the seawater retention structure,
The awn < RTI ID = 0.0 &
And a ceramic porous body having a specific gravity of 0.1 to 1.5. The method according to claim 1,
The seawater retention structure comprises:
And at least one concrete membrane for blocking the flow of seawater, wherein the permeable membrane, the aeration membrane and the concrete membrane have a polygonal columnar shape,
Wherein the permeable membrane is disposed on the entire surface in the moving direction of the artificial diaphragm so that harmful algae flow through the permeable membrane and the aquarium membrane is arranged to face the permeable membrane. 3. The method of claim 2,
A plurality of H-shaped bars vertically fixed to at least one side surface of the float;
Further comprising:
Wherein at least one of the permeable membrane, the aeration membrane, and the concrete membrane is guided and slidingly coupled by a pair of flanges of the H-shaped steel. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the thickness of the permeable membrane is thinner than the thickness of the aquarium membrane. Artificial bank for enriching marine harmful algae according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5; And
A filter press for drawing the seawater inside the seawater retention structure to the upper part of the float and filtering the seawater, and discharging the filtered seawater;
For the removal of marine harmful algae.

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