KR101695971B1 - Monitoring method and monitoring system for botrytis cinerea of strawberry - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and a method for monitoring strawberry gray mold rot. The system monitors and controls a cultivation environment of a strawberry in real time, and comprises: a sensing device for collecting information with respect to environmental factors of a strawberry cultivated in a greenhouse; a control device for adjusting the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse through the information collected by the sensing device; and a monitoring device capable of monitoring the growing state of the strawberry. The method comprises the following steps: collecting information with respect to external micrometeorology of the greenhouse for growing the strawberry, to internal micrometeorology thereof, and to micro-local of soil; adjusting internal temperature and humidity of the greenhouse by controlling a heating dehumidifier using a control device according to the collected indoor and outdoor micrometeorology information of the greenhouse and micro-local information with respect to soil; and monitoring the growing state of the strawberry through the monitoring device, and transferring information thereof to a cultivation farm.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a strawberry gray mold disease monitoring system and a monitoring method for monitoring the occurrence of botrytis cinerea of strawberry,

The present invention relates to a system and method for predicting a gray mold of a strawberry gray mold, and more particularly, to monitoring and monitoring the growth state of a strawberry cultivated in a real time and the onset condition of a gray mold disease that may occur in a strawberry The present invention relates to a strawberry gray mold disease prediction system and a prediction method.

Since the damages of crops caused by plant diseases cause an enormous economic loss to the extent of about 200 trillion won worldwide, excessive use of chemical pesticides to control them causes environmental pollution and lethal toxicity problems, To the overall crisis.

In recent years, the cultivation area of vegetables, fruits, and flowers has increased, but in Korea, most of them are small-scale small farms and they focus on production aiming at high prices in the short term. Therefore, , Due to the bad weather condition in the facility and abnormal temperature condition due to the bad ventilation, the lack of sunshine due to the lack of sunshine causes the crops to grow poorly and causes many diseases, resulting in the deterioration of yield and quality.

Especially, the gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea, which causes the greatest damage, is reported to be 10-15% on annual basis in the strawberry cultivation area according to the data of the RDA announced in 2007, The total amount of damage is 814 ~ 110 billion won.

These gray mold fungi of the strawberry usually occur under relatively low and highly humid environments, and begin to develop from dead plants and senescent sites, and when the lesions begin to appear, the spores are already prevalent in the cultivation or cultivation house, It is difficult to reduce the damage even if it is carried out in a conventional manner, so that a protective microbicide and various microbicides are routinely sprayed indiscriminately from a preventive point of view.

The pesticide sprayed in this way not only pollutes the environment, but also disturbs the product to the consumers.

Particularly, such pesticide problem has a problem that it may contaminate the natural environment by causing the consumer's anxiety about the product sprayed with the pesticide, the problem caused by the accumulation of the pesticide sprayed on the soil, and the water pollution problem.

In view of this, in the conventional Korean Patent No. 10-1232936 (hereinafter referred to as "Prior Art Document 1"), 16 to 24% by weight of a concentrate (solid content: 10 mg / ml) , A natural soap of 12.5% by weight, and a natural organic sulfur of 15% by weight was added with 45% by weight of alginic acid as an electrodepositive agent and the remaining amount of water to liquefy the mixture, and the simultaneous control agent for plant diseases including powdery mildew disease .

In this prior art document 1, the simultaneous controlling agent is sprayed on the leaf of the crop to inhibit the disease occurrence of the crop growing season, thereby not only increasing the yield of the crop but also effectively suppressing gray mold disease and powdery mildew In particular, to produce environmentally friendly fungal diseases that cause serious damage to strawberries that are intensively grown in the facility, thereby producing high value-added organic agricultural products.

However, the simultaneous controlling agent disclosed in the prior art document 1 as described above prevents the occurrence of lesions by spraying the simultaneous controlling agent on the crops in advance. This means that until the crops are harvested, the simultaneous controlling agent It is necessary to distribute it uniformly on the cultivated area, so that the economic burden is increased for the farmers due to the continuous use and the heavy usage, and the problem of the root cause of the gray mold can not be solved fundamentally.

The gray mold disease of strawberry as described above and its detailed description are described in detail in the following prior art documents, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Korean Patent No. 10-1232936

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a strawberry ash- The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring the growth environment and growth status of strawberries and the onset condition of gray mold that may occur in strawberries in real time to inform a farmer or a manager of the current state of strawberry gray mold A bottleneck prediction system, and a forecasting method.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for monitoring a strawberry gray mold disease that can be monitored and controlled in real time on the growth environment and growth state of strawberry and the onset condition of gray mold disease that can occur in strawberry .

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for detecting a gray mold of a strawberry gray mold, comprising: a sensing device for collecting information on environmental factors of a strawberry cultivated in a facility; A control device for controlling temperature and humidity inside the facility house through information collected by the sensing device; And a monitoring device capable of monitoring the growth state of the strawberry, so that the cultivation environment of the strawberry can be monitored and controlled in real time.

If the temperature inside the facility house is 15 to 25 ° C and the humidity is more than 70% for 24 hours, it is preferable to treat the medicine with strawberry to prevent it.

In addition, the sensing device may include an external gas sensor installed outside the facility house and collecting micro-weather information; An internal meteorological sensor installed inside the facility house to collect micro-weather information; And a soil sensor installed in the facility house to collect micro area information.

Also, the facility house may be equipped with a heating and dehumidifying device for heating or dehumidifying the cultivation environment inside the facility house controlled by a control device. The heating and dehumidifying device includes a main body in which air inside the facility house is introduced and discharged. A refrigeration cycle provided in the main body as an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve for mutual heat exchange with air introduced into the main body, and heat exchange with air discharged from the main body; A heat exchanger provided between the compressor of the refrigeration cycle and the condenser, for exchanging heat between the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the working fluid; A heat storage tank in which the working fluid heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger is stored; And a blower installed in the main body to circulate air inside the facility house.

In addition, the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle is provided at the inlet side of the main body through which the air inside the facility house flows, and the condenser can be provided at the outlet side of the air exhausted from the main body. And a heat radiator for heating and mutually exchanging heat with each other.

Further, between the compressor of the refrigeration cycle and the condenser, a flow path switching valve may be further provided for switching the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the condenser or the heat exchanger.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for predicting a strawberry gray mold, comprising the steps of: collecting information on an external micro-structure, an internal micro-structure, and a micro-area of a soil; Controlling the temperature and humidity of the inside of the facility by controlling the heating and dehumidifying device according to the indoor and outdoor micro-weather information of the collected facility house and micro area information about the soil; And monitoring the growth state of the strawberry through a monitoring device and transmitting the information to the grower.

According to the strawberry gray mold infectious disease prediction system and method of the present invention, on the basis of various sensors, the growth environment and growth state of strawberry and the onset condition of gray mold that may occur in strawberry are monitored in real time, It is possible to produce strawberries having high quality.

According to the present invention, it is possible to monitor in real time the growth environment of the strawberry, the growth state of the strawberry, and the onset condition of the gray mold that may occur in the strawberry, and notify the manager of the current state, So that the damage to the strawberry cultivator can be minimized.

1 is a block diagram of a strawberry gray mold infusion system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a heating and dehumidifying device constructed in the strawberry gray mold infecting system according to the present invention.
3 is a daytime running state view of a heatable dehumidifier according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a night view of the dehumidifier according to the present invention. Fig.
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are graphs showing the incidence of gray mold disease in the non-installed packaging and the installed package of the heat dehumidifier according to the present invention.
FIGS. 7 and 8 are graphs showing the gray spore density of the gray mold in the uninstalled packaging and the installed package of the dehumidifier according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the spore density of pathogens in a screening and packaging workshop according to the present invention. FIG.
10 is a graph showing the incidence of disease according to the storage temperature of packaged berries according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a multiple regression analysis graph of the amount of gray mold spores generated in the uninstalled package of a heat-driven dehumidifier according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing a multiple regression analysis of the occurrence of gray mold in a non-installed package of a heating dehumidifier according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a graph showing a multiple regression analysis of the amount of gray mold spore generated in the installation package of the heat-desiccator according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a graph showing a multiple regression analysis of the occurrence of gray mold in the installation package of the heat dehumidifier according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 15 is a multiple regression analysis graph of the gray mold fungal disease incidence in a sorter according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are graphs of pattern analysis in the uninstalled packaging and the installed package of the heat dehumidifier according to the present invention.
18 is a pattern analysis graph in a sorter according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 to FIG. 18 are views showing respective graphs of a strawberry gray mold infusion system according to the present invention and embodiments thereof.

As shown in FIG. 1, the system for detecting a gray mold of a strawberry gray mold according to the present invention comprises a sensing device 100 for collecting information on environmental elements of a strawberry cultivated in a facility, A control device 200 for controlling the temperature and humidity by ventilating the inside of the facility house 600 through a monitoring device 500 and a monitoring device 500 for monitoring the growth state of the strawberry, .

In particular, when the inside temperature of the facility house 600 is in the range of 15 to 25 DEG C and the humidity is more than 70% for 24 hours, the medicine is treated on the strawberry to control the strawberry gray mold.

The onset condition of such a strawberry gray mold disease occurs in a highly humid environment of around 20 ° C, and when the spring rain or cloudy day continues, the onset of the disease in the facility house becomes worse, and when the ventilation is poor, There are characteristics.

In the case of such a strawberry gray mold, once the lesion has started to appear and the lesion starts to appear, the spore is already prevalent in the cultivation house. Therefore, the prevention is important and the temperature inside the facility house 600 is 15 to 25 ° C , And when the humidity is 70% or more for 24 hours, it is preferable to control.

On the other hand, the main control method of the strawberry gray mold disease as above is a physical control method in which ventilation is good, attention is paid to irrigation, dampness is avoided, and dead leaf, aged leaf, diseased leaf, As a chemical control method, avoid spraying with chemicals and apply spraying in compliance with safe use standards.

In addition, strawberry gray mold may occur in the process of storing the harvested strawberry. Since the occurrence rate of the gray mold is higher in the strawberry stored at 8 ° C than in the strawberry stored at 4 ° C, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 4 C. < / RTI >

The sensing device 100 collects information about environmental elements of the facility house 600. The sensing device 100 includes an external weather sensor 110 installed outside the facility house 600 for collecting micro-weather information, An indoor gas sensor 120 installed in the house 600 to collect micro-weather information, and a soil sensor 130 installed in the facility house 600 and collecting micro area information.

The external weather sensor 110 includes sensors for detecting wind direction, wind speed and irradiation amount outside the facility house 600. The internal weather sensor 120 detects temperature, humidity, And CO2 concentration, and the soil sensor 130 includes sensors for detecting the soil temperature, the soil humidity, the soil electrical conductivity, and the like.

The controller 200 controls temperature and humidity in the facility house 600 through the information collected by the sensing device 100 and controls the temperature and humidity in the facility house 600, Growth and development can be controlled.

The temperature and humidity can be controlled by the control device 200 opening the ceiling surface and the side surface of the facility house 600 and ventilating the greenhouse inside the facility house 600. In addition, And a dehumidifier 300 to control the cultivation environment inside the facility house 600 through the heating and dehumidifier 300.

2, the heating and dehumidifying device 300 provided in the facility house 600 includes a main body 310 through which air is introduced into and discharged from the inside of the facility house 600, The main body 310 is provided with a compressor 320, a compressor 330, a condenser 370 and an expansion valve 380. The refrigerant is heat-exchanged with air introduced into the main body 310, And a heat exchanger 350 disposed between the compressor 330 and the condenser 370 in the refrigeration cycle for exchanging heat between the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 330 and the working fluid A heat storage tank 360 in which hot water heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 350 is stored and a blower 420 installed in the main body 310 to circulate the inside air of the facility house 600.

The main body 310 may be provided in the form of a heat pump and has an inlet 311 through which the internal air of the facility house 600 is introduced and a discharge port 312 through which the internal air is introduced. .

The refrigeration cycle provided in the main body 310 includes an evaporator 320 that exchanges heat with air introduced into the main body 310 and a compressor 320 that receives refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 320 and compresses the refrigerant at a high temperature and a high pressure A condenser 370 for condensing the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 330 and a low temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the condenser 370 to the low temperature and low pressure and supplying the refrigerant to the evaporator 320 And an expansion valve 380 which is connected to the expansion valve 380.

The evaporator 320 of the refrigeration cycle is provided on the inlet 311 side of the main body 310 through which the air inside the main body 310 flows, It is preferable that the discharge port 312 is provided on the discharge port 312 side. The evaporator 320 provided in this way dehumidifies the inside air of the house 600 flowing into the main body 310 and the condenser 370 heats the cooling air through the evaporator 320.

Further, a radiator 390 is further provided between the condenser 370 and the outlet 312 of the main body 310 so that the primary heated air in the condenser 370 is secondarily heated by the radiator 390, 600 so that the internal temperature and humidity of the facility house 600 can be controlled to constant temperature and humidity.

A flow path switching valve 340 may be further provided between the compressor 330 and the condenser 370 to supply the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 330 to the condenser 370 or the heat exchanger 350 , And this flow path switching valve 340 is controlled and operated by the control device 200 in accordance with the temperature and humidity inside the house.

The branch line 341 is connected to the line connecting the condenser 370 and the expansion valve 380 through the heat exchanger 350 .

Therefore, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 330 can be supplied to the heat exchanger 350 without being supplied to the condenser 370, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger 350 can be supplied to the heat Exchanged with the hot water flowing through the recovery line 361, and then supplied to the expansion valve 380. [

The heat exchanger 350 is provided with a branch line 341 through which the refrigerant flows and a heat recovery line 361 through which the hot water flows so that the hot water and the hot water are exchanged with each other, The hot water is heated.

The hot water heated in this way is stored in the heat storage tank 360 as hot water at about 50 ° C. and the heat storage tank 360 is provided with a heat supply line 362 for supplying hot water stored at a high temperature to the radiator 390.

Therefore, the radiator 390 receives the hot water stored in the heat storage tank 360 and heats the primary heated air passing through the radiator 390. In this case, in the radiator 390, So that the energy consumption can be minimized. The hot water supplied to the radiator 390 through the heat supply line 362 as described above flows into the heat storage tank 360 again after heat exchange and is stored.

Particularly, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat storage system using the above-described refrigeration cycle is operated in such a manner that the heat discharged from the refrigeration cycle during the daytime, that is, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 330, The heat is stored in the heat storage tank 360 through heat exchange with hot water in the heat exchanger 350 and hot water at a high temperature stored in the heat storage tank 360 at night is supplied to the heat storage tank 360 through the heat supply line 362 It is possible to reduce the economic burden of the farm household by reusing the energy of waste heat by supplying it to the radiator 390 and using it as a heat source.

At least one supply pipe 400 communicating with the main body 310 may be provided at the discharge port 312 of the main body 310. The supply pipe 400 may protrude from the main body 310, And may be installed in various places inside the facility house 600.

The blower 420 is preferably installed in the supply pipe 400, and the branch pipe 410 is formed at the end of the supply pipe 400.

The operation of the heating and dehumidifying device 300 will be described in more detail. In the daytime when the amount of sunshine is high and the humidity is high, the dehumidifier 300 operates to heat radiant heat while dehumidifying the inside of the facility house 600.

3, when the blower 420 inside the supply pipe 400 is operated, the air inside the facility house 600 flows into the inlet 311 of the main body 310 while flowing.

Meanwhile, when the heating dehumidifier 300 is operated, the refrigerating cycle is operated. As the air introduced into the inlet 311 of the main body 310 is cooled by the heat exchange during the passage through the evaporator 320, The dehumidified and cooled internal air passes through the condenser 370 and the radiator 390 and is discharged into the facility house 600 again via the distributor 410 of the supply pipe 400.

The low temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 320 of the refrigeration cycle flows into the compressor 330 and is compressed to a high temperature and a high pressure and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 330 flows through the flow path switching valve 340 The refrigerant flows into the heat exchanger 350 through the branch line 341 without flowing into the condenser 370.

The refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger 350 is heat-exchanged with the hot water flowing through the heat collecting line 361 so that the refrigerant is converted into a middle temperature and a high pressure and flows through the branch line 341 without passing through the condenser 370, Valve 380, and the hot water is heated to be stored in the heat storage tank 360.

The cooling air that has been cooled by the evaporator 320 and is dehumidified flows into each of the supply pipes 400 through the blower 420 and is supplied to the inside of the facility house 600 through the branch device 410, ) The inside temperature and humidity can be maintained at constant temperature and humidity.

4, when the air inside the facility house 600 flows into the inlet 311 of the main body 310, the air passes through the evaporator 320 of the operating refrigeration cycle and is heat-exchanged The air in the air is further cooled down to a temperature below the dew point and the moisture in the air is dehumidified and the dehumidified internal air is heated again through the condenser 370 and the radiator 390, 410 to the inside of the facility house 600 again.

The low temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 320 of the refrigeration cycle flows into the compressor 330 and is compressed to a high temperature and a high pressure and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 330 flows through the flow path switching valve 340 Flows into the condenser 370 without passing through the heat exchanger 350 and is heat-exchanged with the condenser 370, and then flows into the expansion valve 380 and the evaporator 320 in order.

Meanwhile, the refrigerant flowing into the condenser 370 is heat-exchanged with the dehumidified air passing through the condenser 370 to primarily heat the dehumidified air, and the first heated air is again heated through the radiator 390, The hot water of 50 ° C stored in the heat storage tank 360 is supplied to the radiator 390 through the heat supply line 362 and flows into the radiator 390. The dehumidified air passing through the radiator 390 is secondarily heated, And then flows into the heat storage tank 360 and is stored.

Therefore, in order to maintain the constant temperature and humidity inside the facility house 600 by storing the heat discarded in the refrigeration cycle in the daytime as hot water in the heat storage tank 360 and using it as a heat source of the radiator 390 at night, It is economical to recycle waste heat energy without using heating means.

The monitoring device 500 can monitor the growth state of the strawberry growing in the facility house 600 and can monitor the environment of the facility house 600 and the growth state of the crop or strawberry.

Here, the environmental monitoring of the facility house 600 automatically and periodically collects and displays information about the environmental factors required for the growth of cultivated crops, such as external weather, internal weather, soil information, etc. through the sensing device 100 .

Monitoring of the growth of the crop is controlled by the control device 200 in the facility house 600 according to the growth stage, growth condition, degree of occurrence of pests, and the like, so that the growth information of the crop inside the greenhouse is controlled by the controller 200, It is necessary to continuously monitor the inside of the facility house 600 through the display.

In addition, the above-described strawberry gray mold infection monitoring system includes a step of collecting information on the outer micro-scale of the facility house 600 where the strawberry is grown, the micro-scale of the inner micro-scale and the soil, Controlling the temperature and humidity inside the facility house 600 by controlling the heating and dehumidifying device 300 according to the indoor and outdoor micro-weather information and the micro area information about the soil, Monitoring the growth state of the strawberry gray mold through the monitoring device 500 and transmitting the information to the cultivating farmer.

Therefore, strawberry growers can quickly deal with the follow-up measures through the information that is transmitted according to the growth conditions of strawberry, so that the damage to the strawberry growers can be prevented as much as possible.

Example

1. Strawberry gray mold spores Scattered amount  Investigation, Investigation and Investigation Protection  Development

A) Test package selection

Experiments were carried out in a strawberry cultivation area in Suok - kok, a farmhouse not equipped with a heating dehumidifier, a farmhouse equipped with a heating dehumidifier, and a sorting hall.

The farmhouse without a heating dehumidifier was named Greenhouse A and the farmhouse with a heating dehumidifier was named Greenhouse B.

Experiments were conducted from December 2014 to May 2015 for a total of 11 occasions at 2-week intervals. This is a typical disease that occurs during the period when the indoor humidity of a winter facility house becomes high. The gray mold, , And fruits.

In addition, it has been reported that when fog occurs inside a facility house on a normal winter morning, temperature and humidity increase during the day, and gray mold fungi are likely to occur in stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. Therefore, Lt; / RTI >

B) Disease incidence survey by gray mold disease

Disease incidence studies were conducted in Greenhouse A and Greenhouse B, and 100 out of 100 strawberry strains were selected in each package for 11 collection days, and the incidence was repeated 3 times.

C) Gray mold spores density survey

Spore density was measured at Greenhouse A, Greenhouse B, and Sorento using a spore sampler.

(2 g of glucose, 0.1 g of NaNo ₃, 0.1 g of K2HPO ₄, 0.2 g of MgSO ₄ H 2 O, 0.2 g of chloramphenicol, 0.02 g of Pentachloronotrobenzene, 0.02 g of Maneb, 0.05 g of Rose bengal, 5 g of Tannic acid and 20 g of per liter of Agar) After incubation for 2 minutes in the experimental field, the cells were cultured in a 27 ° C incubator for 5 days and the colony forming unit was measured.

D) Statistical analysis of gray mold spore scattering, disease severity, microclimate correlation

- Independent variables: atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, surface temperature, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, accumulated light intensity

- Dependent variable: spore fraction, disease severity

- Method: Calculate the mean and standard deviation in each independent and dependent variable and calculate after using standardization. - For multiple regression. In case of component analysis, the standardization calculation is made by matrix (eigen factor (value) X eigen vector).

- Multiple regression (with forward / stepwise selection)

Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the regression of dependent variables with multiple independent variables. Independent variables, which have the greatest effect on dependent variables, stepwise, maximum r ² and minimum r ² methods were used. As a result of all methods, forward and stepwise methods were the most effective methods.

- Principle analysis (for grouping of independent factors)

To find out which of the 35 independent variables are in the same direction and to derive a small number of principal components based on this, we make each value a standard matrix (eigen factor (X) eigenvector) Respectively.

2. Strawberry gray mold spores Scattered amount  Survey, outbreak investigation Major findings

A) Investigation of gray mold infection rate for strawberry cultivation area for export

The greenhouse A (greenhouse A) and the greenhouse B (greenhouse B), both of which had no heating dehumidifier, were selected as experimental farmland for the investigation of the occurrence rate of gray molds for export strawberry cultivation.

The survey method was to investigate the incidence of gray mold by selecting 100 strawberries in each package for 11 collection days. All experiments were repeated 3 times.

As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 5, the incidence of gray mold disease in the unpacked packaging of the dehumidifier was examined. From December 3, 2014 to January 28, 2015, the disease incidence was 6 to 7% And on February 11, 2015, the incidence of disease increased to 25% and then decreased again until late March.

Since then, the incidence of illness has increased sharply from March 25, 2015 to 86%.

As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 6, the incidence of the disease was less than 10% from December 03, 2014 to March 11, 2015 in the case of the package including the heat dehumidifier, Up to 70% as the disease incidence increased.

According to the results of the last survey, whether the heating dehumidifier was installed or not, the incidence of illness in the heating dehumidifier was 16% lower than that of the heating dehumidifier.

Therefore, it was found that gray mold disease was low in the strawberry cultivation area B where the humidity was controlled by the heating dehumidifier.

The incidence of gray mold disease incidence increased from the end of March 2015 in both strawberry cultivation areas A and B due to chemical control during the period from November 2014 to the end of January 2015 to control for gray mold disease However, since February 2015, the chemical control to reduce the incidence of the disease has been somewhat neglected and the disease seems to have increased.

Therefore, it is necessary to monitor in real time the surrounding environment of the crop and the growth condition of the crop, and to deal with the follow-up measures such as the chemical control through the information transmitted thereon to prevent the damage of the cultivator by the gray- .

B) Plant density Gray mold spore density

For the investigation of the spore density of the strawberry cultivation area for export, two farms were selected as the experimental farms for strawberry cultivation area A (greenhouse A) without heating dehumidifier and strawberry cultivation area B (greenhouse B) equipped with heating dehumidifier.

The test method was as follows. BSTM medium was used as a gray mold selection medium by using spore sampler in each package for 11 collection days. Injection was carried out for 2 minutes in the experimental field, followed by incubation in a 27 degree incubator for 5 days. forming unit. All experiments were repeated three times.

As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 7, the spore density of the gray mold was found to be in the range of 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁶ from December 03, 2014 to January 15, 2014 in the uninstalled packaging of the heating dehumidifier, In the case of date, it was examined between 10 ^{4 and} 10 ⁵ .

As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 8, the spore density of the gray mold was found to be in the range of 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁶ from December 03, 2014 to January 15, 2014 in the installation package of the heating dehumidifier. And from 10 ⁴ to 10 ^{5 in the} collection date.

Here, the alphabets shown in the bar graphs of FIGS. 7 and 8 indicate statistically significant differences (Tukey HSD ( p = 0.05)).

In conclusion, the increase of spore stock in both packages was from December to January, but the increase in the gray mold incidence was confirmed in late February, and the difference in time was common in the case of general fungal plant disease And it is believed that the result is consistent with the fact that a certain period of time is required until the disease develops in the host.

However, it is considered that the time difference between the increase in the amount of arsenic spores in the atmosphere and the occurrence of the disease is long, because the chemical agent is sprayed in the package on January 31, 2015 for the control of gray mold.

C) Screening and packing workplace fungal density survey

Experiments were carried out at the strawberry picking plants located in Suok - kok to investigate the spore density of the pathogens in screening and packaging workshops.

The test was carried out using BSTM medium as a gray mold selection medium using a spore sampler at a collection site every 11 collection days. After 2 min of aspiration, the cells were incubated in a 27 ° incubator for 5 days and the colony forming unit was cultured for 3 times Repeatedly.

As can be seen from the graph in FIG. 9, the spore density of the gray mold spores in the screening and packing workshop was found to be between 10 ^{5 and} 10 ⁶ from December 03, 2014 to January 15, 2014, From January 28 to February 24, 2015, it was surveyed between 10 ^{4 and} 10 ⁵ .

After that, the spore density was dropped to the 11th March 2015 10 ³ was investigated between 10 ⁴ to 10 ⁵ from March 25, 2015 to May 6, 2015.

Here, the alphabets shown in the bar graph of FIG. 9 indicate statistically significant differences (Tukey HSD ( p = 0.05)).

In addition, monthly strawberry yields and monthly strawberry yields of the experimental farms in the septicem were investigated. As shown in Table 1 below, it was confirmed that the monthly strawberry yield increased to 2.94% according to the increase of the spore stock in the sorter.

This was due to the occurrence of gray mold between the stages of packaging of the strawberry, which was already the first strawberry fruit to be selected from the packaging. The gray mold spores scattered in the gut, It was judged that it could affect.

D) Investigation of disease incidence according to storage temperature of strawberries packed in packing

Eight boxes of strawberries selected and packed in a packing box were stored for 4 days at room temperature and 4 boxes at low temperature (4 ℃) for one week, respectively.

The experiment was conducted from January 2015. As a result, the incidence rate was at least 69% to 100% in fruits stored at room temperature as shown in FIG. 10, and at least 0 to max The incidence was 17%.

Therefore, it was confirmed that the incidence rate in cold storage was significantly lower than that in room temperature storage.

3. Statistical analysis of spore scattering, onset degree, microenvironmental correlation of gray mold of export strawberry

A) Microbial correlation analysis of gray mold fungus development and spore production in packaging

Five independent variables were selected as micro-meteorological conditions in 2015 (1. Atmospheric temperature, 2. Relative humidity, 3. Surface temperature, 4. Atmospheric CO2 concentration, 5. Cumulative light intensity), 2 dependent variables (gray matter spore scatter, Fungal disease incidence) were used for correlation analysis.

Variables for different environmental variables (independent variables) were set differently. In the present experiment, the five independent variables (ie, the number of days before the experiment, the number of days before the experiment, and the number of days before the experiment) Were identified as 35 independent variables.

Multiple regression (forward and stepwise) among multiple regression techniques were used to find the regression of dependent variables with multiple independent variables. The mean and standard deviation within each independent and dependent variable were determined and standardized using this Respectively.

As a result of multiple regression analysis, the most influential independent variables were selected by substituting the independent variables which had the most effect on the two dependent variables. The results showed that the heating dehumidifier had the largest effect on the gray mold spore scattering (Figure 11), and the independent variables that have the greatest effect on the occurrence of gray mold in the package are from the date of collection AT3 which was the measured atmospheric temperature 3 days ago (see Fig. 12).

As a result of multiple regression analysis on the installation of the dehumidifier in the same manner as in the previous multi-session analysis, the amount of gray mold spores was calculated by the accumulated light amount LT0 (see FIG. 13) measured on the day of collection, It was found that GT6, which is the measured temperature of 6 days ago, has the greatest influence (see FIG. 14).

As a result, the independent variables that have a significant influence on the amount of gray mold spores in the heating dehumidifier unpacked and installed packages were identified as cumulative light. The degree of disease occurrence was found to be the atmospheric temperature in the case of unpackaged packages, The temperature of the ground surface was confirmed.

The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the significance value was less than 0.05.

B) Microscopic correlation analysis on the amount of gray mold spore production in the sorter

The five independent variables used in the packaging were used in the same way. Multiple regression analysis was performed using only spore scattering as a dependent variable.

As a result of multiple regression analysis, the relative humidity of RH1, which was measured 1 day before spore collection, was the most influential factor for spore scattering within the sorbent, . Therefore, it is judged that the result is not significant (see Fig. 15)

C) The correlation between the occurrence of gray mold fungus in the packaging and the micro-weather according to the amount of spores

For the analysis of the correlation between the independent variables according to the dependent variables (spore size, disease occurrence) using the 35 independent variables shown in the previous multiple regression analysis, Principle Analysis (for grouping of independent factors) technique was used .

Principle analysis is to find the relationship (distance) between each independent variable by making each independent variable a standard matrix (eigen factor (value) X eigen vector).

As a result of the correlation analysis, the difference between the independent variables in the whole of the dehumidified packaging shows that the independent variables of temperature (atmospheric, surface), relative humidity, CO2 amount, and accumulated light amount are grouped into four parts (See Fig. 17)

In the case of the spore without heating dehumidifier, there was a difference between the four independent variables, but it was confirmed that the amount of CO2 was the same as the direction in which cumulative light amount existed (see FIG. 16).

Therefore, as can be seen from the above analysis results, temperature and relative humidity of the two packages with different dehumidifier installation conditions show a similar correlation with spore scattering and sickness occurrence, but in the case of not dehumidifying, CO2 is inversely correlated, but when it is not dehumidified, it is found that it is not in perfect correlation with this relationship.

As a result of the investigation through the principle analysis, the results as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 were obtained. In the case of the package which can be influenced after the microfabrication by the installation of the dehumidifier, the environmental factors have a certain pattern However, in the case of a package without a dehumidifier, it was found that the amount of light and the amount of CO2 did not change due to the fact that the relative humidity was not controlled as compared with the preceding package.

In the case of a well-controlled package with a micro-weather environment controlled by a dehumidifier (dehumidifier), the four independent variables did not interfere with each other, affecting the spore size and disease incidence. And that the independent variables have opposite effects.

This is because when the cumulative light amount is increased, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is decreased due to the increase of the photosynthesis amount of the plant, so that the relationship between the cumulative light amount and the carbon dioxide is established, and the relative humidity is lowered as the temperature of the surface and the atmosphere is increased Were statistically analyzed.

On the other hand, interference between independent variables occurred in the case of microcontrolled packagings. This was due to the interference of temperature, which affects cumulative light intensity and sickness affecting spore dispersion, as previously confirmed by multiple regression And the balance in the microenvironment was collapsed due to the interference between the two independent variables. As a result, it was found that the degree of disease occurrence in the dehumidifier - free packaging was increased compared to the dehumidifier installation packaging.

(D) Correlation between the occurrence of gray mold in the screening area and the micro-weather according to the amount of spores

In the case of the sorter, the temperature and the humidity were partially divided and partially overlapped, but the characteristics were opposite to the amount of CO ₂ .

For the analysis of the correlation between independent variables according to the dependent variable (spore dispersion) using the atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, and CO ₂ used in the previous multiple regression analysis, .

As a result, the amount of CO ₂ was independently present in the other direction, and it was confirmed that some relative humidity independent variables coexisted in the direction of the atmospheric temperature (see FIG. 18)

In addition, since the amount of CO ₂ in the sorbent exists in a direction different from the relative humidity and the atmospheric temperature, it is judged that the relative humidity is opposite to the atmospheric temperature.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It is obvious that the modification or improvement is possible.

It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

100: sensing device 110: external gas sensor
120: internal gas sensor 130: soil sensor
200: Control device 300: Heating dehumidifier
310: main body 311: inlet
320: Evaporator 330: Compressor
340: flow path switching valve 341: branch line
350: Heat exchanger 360: Heat storage tank
361: heat recovery line 362: heat supply line
370: condenser 380: expansion valve
390: Radiator 400: Supply pipe
410: minute device 500: monitoring device
600: Facilities House

Claims (9)

A facility for collecting information on environmental elements of the strawberry being grown;
A control device for controlling temperature and humidity inside the facility house through information collected by the sensing device; And
And a monitoring device capable of monitoring the growth state of the strawberry,
The sensing device includes an external gas sensor installed outside the facility house and collecting micro-weather information; An internal meteorological sensor installed inside the facility house to collect micro-weather information; And a soil sensor installed in the facility house to collect micro area information,
The facility house is provided with a heating and dehumidifying device for heating or dehumidifying the cultivation environment inside the facility house controlled by the control device,
The heating and dehumidifying device includes a main body in which air inside the facility house is introduced and discharged; A refrigeration cycle provided in the main body as an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve for mutual heat exchange with air introduced into the main body, and heat exchange with air discharged from the main body; A heat exchanger provided between the compressor of the refrigeration cycle and the condenser, for exchanging heat between the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the working fluid; A heat storage tank in which the working fluid heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger is stored; And a blower installed in the main body to circulate air inside the facility house,
The evaporator of the refrigeration cycle is provided on the inlet side of the main body into which the internal air of the facility house flows and the condenser is provided on the side of the outlet side through which the air inside the main body is discharged,
And a radiator disposed between the condenser and the discharge port for heat-exchanging heat with air discharged from the main body,
A flow path switching valve is provided between the compressor of the refrigeration cycle and the condenser for switching the flow path of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the condenser or the heat exchanger side,
A system for monitoring the control of strawberry cultivation environment in real time by controlling medicines in strawberry when the temperature inside the facility house is 15 ~ 25 ℃ and the humidity is over 70% for 24 hours. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

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