KR101687671B1

KR101687671B1 - Manufacturing method of urethane foam for insulator of refrigerated container

Info

Publication number: KR101687671B1
Application number: KR1020160024821A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 정용안; 진영민; 구선회; 이준혁; 조노제
Original assignee: 재단법인 한국기계전기전자시험연구원
Priority date: 2016-03-02
Filing date: 2016-03-02
Publication date: 2016-12-20

Abstract

In order to solve the above problems, an apparatus for manufacturing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container according to the present invention comprises: an A liquid storage tank (1) storing a liquid A liquid containing a polyol and water; A liquid B storage tank 20 storing a liquid B liquid containing isocyanate; The liquid A and the liquid B are piped and connected respectively to the A liquid storage tank 1 and the B liquid storage tank 20 so that the A liquid and the B liquid are respectively flowed in and stored therein and a cooling water circulating flow passage 2a circulating the cooling water is formed on the wall surface Two solution baths 2; An agitation device (3) configured to agitate liquids A and B respectively stored in the two solution baths (2); A vacuum pump 4 connected to the two solution tanks 2 to reduce the pressure in the two solution tanks 2; Two gas storage tanks (5) in which a foamed filling gas is stored; A gas injector 6 installed on the bottom surface of the solution tank 2 and piped to the two gas storage tanks to inject and disperse the gas supplied from the gas storage tank 5; A mixing pump (7a) is provided on the pipeline and connected to the two solution tanks (2), and the mixing liquids A and B stored in the two solution tanks (2) (7); And a mold 8 for receiving a mixed reaction liquid of the liquid A and the liquid B from the mixing head 7 to produce a sandwich panel.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing urethane foam for refrigerated container insulation,

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a urethane foam for a freezing container insulator, which comprises quantitatively taking into account the reaction rate, viscosity, internal generated carbon dioxide, injected amount of externally injected carbon dioxide, bubble size, diffusion rate, The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container insulator, which can improve the thermal conductivity and strength of the final product while containing more foaming gas, i.e., heat insulating gas, in the closed cell of uniform shape by precisely controlling the shape and porosity .

A description will be given of a technique related to a manufacturing process of a urethane foam for insulation in a field similar to that of a container for a refrigerator container. See, for example, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-1999-0039000 (Patent Document 1) Discloses a method for producing a rigid polyurethane foam having an open cell structure by mixing a polyol, a volatile foaming agent, water, an isocyanate trimerization catalyst, a cell opening agent, a cell opening foaming agent, and the like.

Patent Document 1 discloses that foaming takes place through a classical chemical reaction. However, this technique has a problem in that it is not environmentally friendly because a large amount of harmful substances are generated in the process in the process.

In order to solve the environmentally friendly problem and prevent the deterioration of the insulation performance, Patent Document 1 requires a gas adsorbent composed of an inorganic material and a metal alloy, thereby raising the manufacturing cost.

In the chemical foaming process in which water is used as a foaming agent in a process having environment friendliness in the production of soft or hard polyurethane foam, which is a raw material of the freezing container insulation, the water in the polyol A liquid which is the subject and the isocyanate in the liquid B, Together with carbon dioxide, which is a foaming gas.

The thermal conductivity of carbon dioxide, which is a foaming gas, is 0.0145 W / m · K, which is equal to or less than that of HCFC-141b 0.00880 W / m · K and pentane 0.014 W / m · K, which are physical blowing foaming agents.

Foam products foamed with carbon dioxide formed from the inside by the environmentally friendly chemical water foaming process are difficult to massively form micro-uniform cells and to contain a large amount of foaming gas inside the cells, and it is difficult to improve the heat insulation remarkably. The strength of the foam product is low due to the low strength of the skeleton.

This is because it is difficult to predict the amount of carbon dioxide production, speed and bubble coalescence depending on the reaction conditions in the chemical water blowing process, and even when physical foaming is carried out by injecting carbon dioxide from the outside, viscosity changes depending on the composition of the subject and hardener, , It is difficult to quantitatively predict the dispersibility considering the optimal injection amount of carbon dioxide, the bubble size change according to the pressure, the coalescence between bubbles and the separability so as to control the shape and area of the final product cell. Is difficult to maintain.

KR 10-1999-0039000 (June 6, 1999)

The apparatus for manufacturing a urethane foam for a refrigerant container insulating material of the present invention is for solving the problem caused by the conventional art as described above. It is an apparatus for producing carbon dioxide which is used as a foaming gas in a chemical reaction by mixing liquid A and liquid B In addition to this, in addition to the foaming gas generated by the physically chemical reaction in the state of microbubbles under the condition of constant pressure, it acts as a foaming gas and acts as a filling gas of the independent bubble cell formed by the reaction, So that the product strength can be maintained while containing more adiabatic gas inside.

In addition, the shape and porosity of the cell can be precisely controlled by quantitatively considering the amount of carbon dioxide injected, the size of the bubbles, the diffusion rate, and the uniform distribution.

It is also intended to enhance the strength of the independent bubble cell walls by mixing the amine-based crosslinked polyol with the polyester-based polyol during the production of the liquid A

Also, by including the metal hydroxide and the kaolin as inorganic additives, it is possible to induce the pozzolanic reaction with the water contained in the solution A, thereby reinforcing the strength of the closed cell wall and improving the flame retardancy.

In this case, kaolin and metal hydroxide are mixed in a state of being finely pulverized, or kaolin is dissociated in hot water and mixed and dried with metal hydroxide, so that mixing and dispersibility in A solution having high viscosity can be improved I would like to.

Also, the inorganic additive is supplied before the injection of carbon dioxide so that the reaction with the stagnant phase can be controlled.

In this configuration, a pressure reservoir 9 equipped with a safety valve 9a is provided on a pipe between the gas storage tank 5 and the gas injection device 6, and is supplied to the gas injection device 6 The pressure of the gas can be made constant.

In addition, the gas injector 6 is characterized by being composed of a porous diffuser provided on the lower and side surfaces of the solution tank 2.

In addition, the stirring device 3 includes a stirring motor 3a provided outside the solution tank; A stirring shaft 3b provided in the solution tank 2 while being connected to the stirring motor 3a; And a stirring blade (3c) connected to the stirring shaft (3b) and having a spiral shape in such a manner that the lower width is widened.

According to the present invention, since carbon dioxide used as a foaming gas is generated in a chemical reaction by mixing liquid A and liquid B, the foaming gas generated by a physical chemical reaction in a state of microbial saturation under a condition of a certain pressure And acts as a foaming gas and acts as a filling gas for the closed cell formed by the reaction, so that the product strength can be maintained while containing more adiabatic gas in the closed cell of the uniform shape.

In addition, the amine-based crosslinked polyol is mixed with the polyester-based polyol during the production of the liquid A, whereby the strength of the closed cell wall can be reinforced.

In addition, by including metal hydroxide and kaolin as an inorganic additive, it is possible to induce a pozzolanic reaction with water contained in the solution A, thereby reinforcing the strength of the closed cell wall and improving the flame retardancy.

In this case, kaolin and metal hydroxide are mixed in a state of being finely pulverized, or kaolin is dissociated in hot water and mixed and dried with metal hydroxide, so that mixing and dispersibility in A solution having high viscosity can be improved .

Also, the inorganic additive is supplied before the injection of carbon dioxide, so that the reaction with the stagnant gas can be controlled.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a structural view showing a constitution of an apparatus for producing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container insulating material according to the present invention. FIG.
2 to 6 are electron micrographs showing the cell structure of the foams produced using the production apparatus of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an apparatus for producing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container insulating material of the present invention will be described in detail.

The apparatus for manufacturing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container according to the present invention comprises a liquid storage tank 1, a liquid B storage tank 20, two solution reservoirs 2, a stirring device 3, a vacuum pump 4, A storage tank 5, a gas injector 6, a mixing head 7 and a mold 8. [

The A liquid storage tank 1 stores the above-mentioned liquid A liquid containing polyol and water.

The B liquid storage tank 20 stores the above-mentioned liquid B liquid containing isocyanate.

The solution tank 2 is piped to the A liquid storage tank 1 and the B liquid storage tank 20 so that the A liquid and the B liquid respectively flow in and are stored therein. (2a) is formed.

The cooling water circulating flow path 2a has a discharge port and a supply port for discharging and supplying the cooling water to one side and the other side, and is connected to a cooling device (not shown) and circulated.

The stirring apparatus 3 is configured to stir the liquid A and liquid B stored in the two solution tanks 2, respectively.

Specifically, a stirring motor 3a provided outside the solution tank,

A stirring shaft 3b provided in the solution tank 2 while being connected to the stirring motor 3a,

And a stirring vane 3c connected to the stirring shaft 3b and having a spiral shape in which the lower width is widened.

The vacuum pump 4 is connected to each of the two solution vessels 2 to depressurize the inside of the two solution vessels 2 and a pressure control valve 11 is provided on the pipeline, So that the decompression can be controlled.

The gas storage tank 5 is composed of two pieces, and a foamed gas such as carbon dioxide is stored therein.

As the foamed gas, the gas described in Table 1 may be selectively used, but it is most preferably composed of carbon dioxide.

The gas injector 6 is connected to the two gas storage tanks 5 and is connected to the bottom of the solution tank 2 to inject and disperse the gas supplied from the gas storage tank 5.

A preferable example of the gas injector 6 may be a porous diffuser provided on the lower and side surfaces of the solution tank 2.

The mixing head 7 is connected to the two solution tanks 2 by piping and a supply pump 7a is provided on the pipeline so that the solutions A and B stored in the two solution tanks 2 are supplied to the inside and mixed .

The mold 8 is supplied with the mixed reaction liquid of the liquid A and the liquid B from the mixing head 7 to manufacture a sandwich panel.

The mold 8 is generally composed of a pair of male and female molds, and a board is optionally stacked on and under the mold, and a mixed reaction liquid is supplied therebetween, so that the panel can be manufactured simultaneously with foaming at one time .

1, a pressure reservoir 9 equipped with a safety valve 9a is provided on a pipe between the gas storage tank 5 and the gas injection device 6, 6 so that the pressure of the gas supplied to the gas-liquid separator 6 becomes constant.

A pressure gauge 9b may be provided together with the pressure reservoir 9, and a flow meter 10 is preferably provided on the conduit.

The urethane foam manufacturing process using the apparatus for producing urethane foam for a refrigerator container having the above-described configuration comprises a pressure gauge 9b, a pressure reservoir 9 equipped with a safety valve 9a, a flow meter A cooling water circulation system in which cooling water is circulated for improving the solubility in the solution by lowering the temperature when the foam filling gas is injected into the solution tank 2, (2), and a bubble union of the injected foam filled gas after being dispersed and injected after the size is uniformly adjusted through the diffuser in the solution tank (2) A mechanical stirrer (mechanical mixer), that is, a stirring device (3), for secondary adjustment of the bubble size by separation or uniform mixing, So that through the structure of a closed-solution tank (2) to maintain the equilibrium pressure over the pressure and a low temperature screen environment in the solution tank allows to control precisely the shape and porosity of the cells.

Examples of the fine control using the apparatus for producing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container insulator include a foamed gas filled with carbon dioxide and an amount of bubbles injected into the foamed gas when the composition is the composition is in the range of 1 to 100 SCFH (= 0.47 to 47.2 LPM = 7.8 ~ 780cc / sec) and supplied individually or simultaneously to Solution A or Solution B. The amount and time of injection are adjusted according to the size of the solution tank (2) and the amount of internal solution. .

At this time, when the injected foamed gas is mixed, the mixed solution is cooled by the cooling water circulation flow passage 2a to increase the solubility in the solution tank 2, and the mixing head 7 performs mixing in a state where a separate heating device is heated Thereby restoring degraded reaction performance.

In addition, when the gas injector 6 is composed of a porous diffuser, the number of diffuser holes is 10 to 200 Mesh, the size of bubbles is 0.05 cc or less, and the bubble increasing velocity is 1 cm / sec or less.

At this time, the amount of bubbles is adjusted by reflecting the vertical pressure and solution viscosity according to the shape and size of the solution tank (2).

The vacuum pump 4 functions to maintain the equilibrium pressure so as to have floating suspensions of bubbles in the solution tank 2. [

In addition, in the case where the stirring device 3 has the spiral stirring blade 3c described above, the spiral wing allows a secondary adjustment of the bubble size to be performed while stirring the primary-sized bubbles to be combined or separated.

In particular, the lower width is formed broadly for effective uniform mixing of the foamed filling gas staying in the lower portion of the solution tank 2.

On the other hand, considering the volume ratio of the closed cells filled with the gas and the influence of the chemically generated gas during the urethane foaming on the cell formation, the injection amount of the foamed gas is quantitatively adjusted so that the amount of the gas Shape, size, and ratio can be adjusted.

More preferably, the closed cell size of the final heat insulator is in the range of 0.01 to 1 mm (10 to 1000 μm) and the preferred closed cell size range is 0.05 to 0.8 mm (50 to 500 μm) considering the heat insulating property and the foam strength. It is preferable that the optimal closed cell size is adjusted to 0.2 mm (200 m) or less.

The ratio of the closed cell filled with gas in the total insulation volume is 10 to 80 volume% and the optimum closed cell ratio is 40 considering the compressive strength 30 N / cm3 (23 to -40 ° C) and the thermal conductivity 0.023 W / m · K or less In order to quantitatively and uniformly adjust ~ 60% by volume, the effect of chemically produced carbon dioxide on foaming can be minimized and the proportion of closed cells can be controlled with a physically injected gas blowing agent.

Hereinafter, a method for producing a urethane foam using the above-described apparatus for producing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container insulating material will be described.

1. A liquid manufacturing stage

Crosslinked polyol, phosphorous flame retardant, melamine flame retardant, foam stabilizer, crosslinking catalyst, inorganic additive and water having an OH value of 300 to 800 mg KOH / g at a ratio of 10: 1 to 40: 1 to 40: 0.2 to 30: 0.1 to 4: 0.02 to 6: 0.1 to 4: 0.02 to 10, and a viscosity of 1,000 to 20,000 cps is prepared and stored in the liquid A storage tank (1).

The amount of the liquid A is 5 to 50% by weight based on 100% by weight of the urethane foam, 5 to 20% by weight of the crosslinked polyol, 5.0 to 20% by weight of the phosphorus flame retardant, 1 to 15% 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of an inorganic foaming agent, 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of a crosslinking agent catalyst, 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of an inorganic additive and 0 to 5% by weight of water.

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When the amine-based crosslinked polyol is mixed with the polyester-based polyol, the strength of the closed cell wall of the final foam product can be reinforced.

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The inorganic additive may further include metal hydroxide and kaolin.

Examples of metal hydroxides include calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and the like, and kaolin includes metakaolin and the like.

When these additives are added, they have some pozzolanic reaction with the water contained in the liquid A, thereby reinforcing the strength of the closed cell walls and enhancing the flame retardancy.

At this time, the kaolin and the metal hydroxide may be finely pulverized or mixed, or the kaolin may be mixed with the metal hydroxide in the state of being dissolved in hot water, and then dried and added.

When added through such processing, the mixing and dispersing properties in the liquid A are increased, so that reinforcement of cell wall strength and increase of flame retardancy can be uniformly performed.

In addition, it is preferable that the inorganic additive is added to the liquid A before the physical injection of the carbon dioxide which is the foamed filler gas, so that the reaction with the liquid retaining agent can be more easily controlled.

2. B liquid manufacturing stage

A liquid B having a viscosity of 100 to 500 cps and containing 20 to 50 wt% of isocyanate having an NCO of 30 to 32 wt% as a main component is prepared and stored in the liquid B storage tank 2.

The liquid B is contained in the urethane foam excluding the weight of the liquid A at a total weight of 100%.

3. Gas injection step

A foamed gas such as carbon dioxide stored in the gas storage tank 5 is supplied to the liquid A or the liquid B at a ratio of 1.0 to 80 parts by volume based on 100 parts by volume of the mixed amount of the liquid A and the liquid B, , And the solution is injected and dispersed into the solution tank (2).

Foam filled gas can be used in various gases as shown in Table 1 below, but it is most preferable to be made of carbon dioxide, which is the same as the gas generated in the chemical reaction between liquids A and B.

gas Viscosity coefficient Thermal conductivity Solubility (20 ° C, ㎤) Hydrogen 8.35 168.2 0.024 cm3 nitrogen 16.58 24.0 0.026 cm3 Oxygen 18.9 24.5 0.033 cm3 carbon monoxide 16.6 23.2 0.023 cm3 carbon dioxide 13.9 14.5 0.94 cm3 ammonia 9.18 21.8 - methane 10.26 30.2 - helium 18.6 142.2 - neon 29.73 46.5 - argon 20.96 16.6 3.37 cm3 krypton 23.27 8.7 0.059 cm3 Air (dry) 17.12 24.3 - Goat - - 2.30 cm3

In addition, as shown in the following examples, it is preferable that the amount of the mixed solution of the liquid A and the liquid B is set to 10 5 volume ratio based on 100 volume ratio.

4. Mixing step

The liquid A and the liquid B are mixed into the mixing head 7 so that the ratio of the polyol of the liquid A and the isocyanate of the liquid B is 1: 1 to 1.5 based on the equivalent ratio of the isocyanate.

5. Finishing steps

(Closed Cell, Independent Bubble Cell) formed by reaction or acting as a foaming gas together with carbon dioxide produced by the chemical reaction between the water of the liquid A and the isocyanate of the liquid B in the mixing head 7, To the molding 8 so as to act as a filling gas of the polyurethane foam, followed by aging and curing to prepare a urethane foam.

Hereinafter, embodiments relating to the production of the urethane foam according to the present invention will be described.

As shown in Fig. 1, there are provided an A liquid storage tank 1 storing a liquid A liquid containing polyol and water, a B liquid storage tank 20 storing a liquid B liquid containing isocyanate, Two liquids A and B are piped and connected respectively to the tank 1 and the liquid B storage tank 20 so that the liquid A and the liquid B flow in and are stored therein and the cooling water circulating flow passage 2a through which the cooling water circulates is formed on the wall surface An agitating device 3 for agitating the liquid A and liquid B stored in the two solution baths 2 and an agitator 3 for agitating the two solution baths 2 And two gas storage tanks 5 in which a foamed filling gas is stored, and two gas storage tanks respectively connected to the liquid tank 2, And a gas supply unit 5 installed on the bottom surface for injecting and dispersing the gas supplied from the gas storage tank 5, A device 6 is connected to the two solution tanks 2 by piping and a supply pump 7a is provided on the pipeline so that the solutions A and B stored in the two solution tanks 2 are supplied to the inside and mixed And a mold 8 for producing a sandwich panel by receiving a mixing reaction liquid of the liquid A and the liquid B from the mixing head 7 to form a urethane foam material for a refrigerator container insulator, Prepared.

A urethane foam for insulation was prepared using the urethane foam producing apparatus for the freezing container insulator of Example 1.

An amine-based crosslinking catalyst, an inorganic additive and water having an OH value of 300 mg KOH / g in an amount of 10: 2.04: 4.27: 2.12: 0.35: 0.17 : 1.13: 0.35 to prepare an A solution having a viscosity of 7,500 cps and then added to the A solution storage tank (1).

At this time, as the inorganic additive, 10% by weight of calcium hydroxide, which is 10% of the total weight of the inorganic additive, and 10% by weight of kaolin were added.

In addition, 4,000 g of a liquid B having a viscosity of 200 cps consisting of 40.6% by weight of MDI isocyanate having an NCO content of 30% by weight was prepared and added to the liquid B storage tank 20.

In addition, two gas storage tanks (5) were filled with carbon dioxide as a foam filling gas.

The liquid A and the liquid B stored in the liquid Liquid storage tank 1 and the liquid Liquid storage tank 20, which are in a ratio of 1: 1 based on the equivalence ratio of the polyol A liquid and the isocyanate B liquid, 2).

The volume of the liquid A stored in the liquid storage tank 1 and the volume of the liquid B stored in the liquid storage tank 20 are measured and then 5 volume ratios of carbon dioxide are injected from the gas storage tank 5 Was supplied to the solution tank 2 in which the solution A was stored by using the apparatus 6. [

The solution A and the solution B stored in the two solution tanks 2 are heated and mixed in the heated mixing head 7 using the supply pump 7a and then injected into the mold 8 to perform chemical reaction, Followed by curing and solidification to prepare a urethane foam for a freezing container insulator of Example 1.

As shown in the micrograph shown in FIG. 2, the urethane foam produced was confirmed to have uniformly formed closed cells of about 50 to 200 μm.

As a result of measuring the physical properties of the urethane foam, the density was measured to be 45 kg / cm 3 and the vertical compressive strength (according to ASTM D-1621) to be 1.7 kg / cm 2. The thermal conductivity (according to KS L 9016) m < / RTI >

In addition, according to KS F2271, flame retardant performance test results were evaluated as flame retardant grade 3 performance.

These examples and test results show that the physical injection of carbon dioxide can be finely controlled by the injection of physical carbon dioxide, so that the physical and chemical foaming actions complement each other to form a uniform closed cell, and a crosslinked polyol, It is believed that the properties such as thermal conductivity, density and vertical compressive strength as a whole satisfy the properties required as foamed urethane for the refrigerated container insulation by improving the wall strength of the closed cell filled with carbon dioxide.

Proceed in the same manner as in Example 2,

In the composition of Solution A, the ratio of water was adjusted to 0.7 while the other components were made in the same ratio,

The supplied carbon dioxide is supplied to the gas storage tank 5 so that the volume of the liquid A stored in the liquid A storage tank 1 and the volume of the liquid B stored in the liquid L storage tank 20 are 10 volume ratios based on the sum of 100 volume ratios. To the solution tank 2 in which the liquid A was stored, using the gas injector 6, to prepare the urethane foam of Example 3. [

As shown in the micrograph shown in FIG. 3, the urethane foam produced was found to have a relatively uniform closed cell of about 200 to 400 μm.

This is because the amount of physical carbon dioxide injected and the amount of water in the composition were increased twice as much as those in Example 2, and the amount of total physical and chemical carbon dioxide contributing to the foaming action also increased to more than twice. As in Example 2, , And calcium carbonate and kaolinic additives strengthen the cell walls of the containment cells, and the carbon dioxide charged into the cells destabilizes the cell size uniformly.

As a result of measuring the physical properties of the urethane foam according to Example 3, the density was measured as 38 kg / cm 3, the vertical compression strength (according to ASTM D-1621) was 1.5 kg / cm 2, the thermal conductivity (according to KS L 9016) / m · K.

Also, the flame retardant performance test result according to KS F2271 was also measured as flame retardant grade 3 performance.

Therefore, the urethane foam according to Example 3 is also considered to satisfy the required physical properties as the foamed urethane for the freezing container insulation.

Proceed in the same manner as in Example 2,

The supplied carbon dioxide is supplied to the gas storage tank 5 so that the volume of the liquid A stored in the liquid A storage tank 1 and the volume of the liquid B stored in the liquid B storage tank 20 are 20 volume ratios based on the sum of 100 volume ratios. To the solution tank 2 in which the liquid A was stored by using the gas injector 6 to prepare the urethane foam of Example 4. [

As shown in the micrograph of FIG. 4, the urethane foam produced was found to have non-uniformly formed closed cells of about 100 to 900 μm.

This is because the amount of chemical carbon dioxide generated is the same but the amount of physical carbon dioxide injected is 4 times that of Example 2 and twice that of Example 3. Therefore, the foaming action by the physically injected carbon dioxide is increased, It means that the closed cell having a minimum size smaller than that of a uniform cell having a size of about 50 to 200 탆 and a cell size of 200 to 400 탆 but having a maximum size of about 4 to 100 탆 is formed unevenly.

The minimum cell size of 400 μm or less is dependent on the water weight percentage associated with the chemically produced carbon dioxide rather than the physical injected carbon dioxide amount, and relatively large cells can be controlled by the amount of physically injected carbon dioxide.

Compared with Example 2, the reinforcing effect of the crosslinked polyol, the inorganic additive, etc., together with the physical injection amount of carbon dioxide injected four times and the balanced foaming mechanism of 1 wt% of water, It is considered that it is most optimal to uniformly form a closed cell of 400 m or smaller, preferably 200 m or less closed cells as in the second embodiment.

Particularly, since the increase of the chemical and physical carbon dioxide injection amount contributes greatly to the growth of the closed cell, the proper physical injection amount confirmed by this embodiment is 20 volume% or less, preferably 10 volume% or less, as proved by Example 2 Is preferable.

As a result of measuring the physical properties of the urethane foam according to Example 4, the density was measured to be 15 kg / cm 3 and the vertical compressive strength (according to ASTM D-1621) to 1.0 kg / cm 2, and the thermal conductivity (according to KS L 9016) / m · K.

Therefore, in the case of Example 4, it can be applied to the foamed urethane for the freezing container insulation after the physical property adjustment.

Proceed in the same manner as in Example 2,

In the composition of Solution A, the ratio of water is adjusted to 1.4 while the other components are made in the same ratio,

The supplied carbon dioxide is supplied to the gas storage tank 5 so that the volume of the liquid A stored in the liquid A storage tank 1 and the volume of the liquid B stored in the liquid B storage tank 20 are 20 volume ratios based on the sum of 100 volume ratios. To the solution tank 2 in which the liquid A was stored, using the gas injector 6, to prepare the urethane foam of Example 5. [

At this time, calcium hydroxide and kaolin-based inorganic filler in the inorganic additive used in Example 2 were excluded.

As shown in the photograph of the microscope shown in FIG. 5, the urethane foam produced was found to have a closed cell of about 100 to 500 μm, and it was confirmed that the open cell was mainly formed at a nonuniform rate except for some closed cells .

This is because the amount of physical carbon dioxide injected is the same but the content of water is increased twice as much as that in Example 3, resulting in an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide produced chemically to increase the total amount of carbon dioxide contributing to the foaming action. In Example 2 and Example 3, The wall strength of the closed cell, which was reinforced by the action of polyol, inorganic additive, etc., could not be maintained because calcium hydroxide and kaolin-based inorganic additive were excluded, and some of the closed cells became open cells. Are also mixed.

The size of the cells was in the range of about 300 to 500 탆, except for the open cell, compared with about 100 to 900 탆 of the cell of Example 3. This is because in the foaming process, some closed cells are opened, This is because it can not be packed and leaks out through open cells and does not sustain growth, so it is necessary to have a quantitative balance between physical injection amount and chemical production amount.

As a result of the physical property test of the urethane foam of Example 5, the required properties such as thermal conductivity, density and vertical compressive strength were remarkably reduced, and the flame retardant grade 3 was not applicable to the foamed urethane for the refrigerated container insulation.

Proceed in the same manner as in Example 2,

Except calcium hydroxide and kaolin-based inorganic fillers,

The ratio of water in the composition of Solution A was adjusted to 2.1, the other components were made to be the same ratio,

The supplied carbon dioxide is supplied to the gas storage tank 5 so that the volume of the liquid A stored in the liquid A storage tank 1 and the volume of the liquid B stored in the liquid B storage tank 20 are 20 volume ratios based on the sum of 100 volume ratios. To the solution tank 2 in which the liquid A was stored, using the gas injector 6, to prepare the urethane foam of Example 6.

As shown in the photograph of the microscope shown in FIG. 6, the urethane foam thus formed is composed of open cells in which all the closed cells are popped, which makes it difficult to maintain the foam shape.

This is because the amount of physical carbon dioxide injected is the same but the content of water is increased in comparison with that in Example 3, and the amount of carbon dioxide produced in the urethane bonding resin chemically forming the foam skeleton increases sharply and the density of the urethane bonding resin in the cell wall is lowered As a large amount of physically injected carbon dioxide fills the inside of the cell, it can be seen that the already weakly formed closed cell wall does not overcome the filling pressure and forms an amorphous open cell.

Also, it is considered that the wall strength of the closed cell, which was strengthened by the action of the crosslinked polyol, the inorganic additive and the like in Examples 2 and 3, was not maintained because the calcium hydroxide and the kaolin-based inorganic additive were excluded.

It can not be applied to foamed urethane for refrigerated container insulation because it can not satisfy all physical properties except for flame retardant grade 3 due to lack of shape retentiveness.

1: liquid A storage tank 2: solution tank
2a: cooling water circulation flow path 3: stirring device
3a: stirring motor 3b: stirring shaft
3c: stirring blade 4: vacuum pump
5: gas storage tank 6: gas injection device
7: mixing head 8: mold
9: Pressure reservoir 20: B liquid storage tank

Claims

A method for producing a urethane foam for a freezing container insulator,
An A liquid storage tank (1) storing an A liquid raw material containing a polyol and water; A liquid B storage tank 20 storing a liquid B liquid containing isocyanate; The liquid A and the liquid B are piped and connected respectively to the A liquid storage tank 1 and the B liquid storage tank 20 so that the A liquid and the B liquid are respectively flowed in and stored therein and a cooling water circulating flow passage 2a circulating the cooling water is formed on the wall surface Two solution baths 2; An agitation device (3) configured to agitate liquids A and B respectively stored in the two solution baths (2); A vacuum pump 4 connected to the two solution tanks 2 to reduce the pressure in the two solution tanks 2; Two gas storage tanks (5) in which a foamed filling gas is stored; A gas injector 6 installed on the bottom surface of the solution tank 2 and piped to the two gas storage tanks to inject and disperse the gas supplied from the gas storage tank 5; A mixing pump (7a) is provided on the pipeline and connected to the two solution tanks (2), and the mixing liquids A and B stored in the two solution tanks (2) (7); And a mold 8 for receiving the mixed reaction liquid of the liquid A and the liquid B from the mixing head 7 to produce a sandwich panel. Between the gas storage tank 5 and the gas injection device 6 The pressure injecting device 6 is provided with a pressure reservoir 9 on which a safety valve 9a is mounted so that the pressure of the gas supplied to the gas injecting device 6 can be made constant. And a porous diffuser provided on the lower and side surfaces of the inside of the solution tank 2. The stirring device 3 includes a stirring motor 3a installed outside the solution tank; A stirring shaft 3b provided in the solution tank 2 while being connected to the stirring motor 3a; And a stirring blade (3c) connected to the stirring shaft (3b) and having a spiral shape in such a manner that a bottom width thereof is widened. The apparatus for manufacturing a urethane foam for a refrigerator container,
An amine type crosslinked polyol, a phosphorus flame retardant, a melamine flame retardant, a foam stabilizer, a crosslinking agent catalyst, an inorganic additive and water having an OH value of 300 to 800 mg KOH / g at a ratio of 10: 1 to 40: 1 to 40: 0.2: (A) liquid having a viscosity of 1,000 to 20,000 cps, which is prepared by mixing at a weight ratio of 30: 0.1 to 4: 0.02 to 6: 0.1 to 4: 0.02 to 10;
And a viscosity of 100 to 500 cps based on 20 to 50% by weight of an isocyanate having an NCO of 30 to 32% by weight;
A gas injecting step of injecting and dispersing a foamed gas filled in the liquid A or the liquid B in a volume ratio of 1.0 to 80 based on 100 parts by volume of the total amount of the mixture of the liquid A and the liquid B;
Mixing the liquid A and the liquid B in the sealed mixing head 7 so that the ratio of the polyol of the liquid A to the isocyanate of the liquid B is 1: 1 to 1.5 based on the equivalent ratio of the isocyanate of the liquid B;
(Closed Cell, Independent Bubble Cell) formed by reaction or acting as a foaming gas together with carbon dioxide produced by the chemical reaction between the water of the liquid A and the isocyanate of the liquid B in the mixing head 7, And a finishing step of supplying the molten metal to the mold (8), aging and curing the molten metal,
(JP) METHOD FOR PRODUCING URETHANE FOAM FOR REFRIGERATED CONTAINER INSULATOR

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