KR101686911B1 - 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101686911B1 KR101686911B1 KR1020150025670A KR20150025670A KR101686911B1 KR 101686911 B1 KR101686911 B1 KR 101686911B1 KR 1020150025670 A KR1020150025670 A KR 1020150025670A KR 20150025670 A KR20150025670 A KR 20150025670A KR 101686911 B1 KR101686911 B1 KR 101686911B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- evaporated
- evaporated gas
- storage tank
- compressors
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 305
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0209—Hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. methane or acetylene
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
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Abstract
상기 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 압축하는 다수개의 압축기; 상기 다수개의 압축기에 의해 다단계로 압축된 증발가스의 에너지를 소비하는 가스터빈; 상기 가스터빈을 통과한 증발가스와 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 열교환시키는 자가열교환기; 상기 다수개의 압축기, 상기 가스터빈 및 상기 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스의 압력을 낮추는 감압장치; 및 상기 가스터빈의 축과 연결되어, 상기 가스터빈에 의해 일로 전환된 증발가스의 엔탈피를 사용하여 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키는 추가 압축기;를 포함하고, 상기 추가 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 엔진으로 보내진다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치의 개략적인 구성도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법의 개략적인 흐름도이다.
311, 312, 313, 314, 315 : 압축기
321, 322, 323, 324, 325 : 열교환기
400 : 가스터빈 410 : 추가 압축기
420 : 추가 열교환기 430 : 컨트롤러
440 : 온도 트랜스미터 450 : 압력 트랜스미터
500 : 기액분리기 510, 511, 512 : 감압장치
600 : 연료유 탱크 700 : 펌프
800 : 히터
Claims (10)
- 선박에 설치된 액화천연가스 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 재액화하기 위하여 증발가스를 냉각 유체로 사용하는 재액화 장치에 있어서,
상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 압축하는 다수개의 압축기;
상기 다수개의 압축기에 의해 다단계로 압축된 증발가스의 에너지를 소비하는 가스터빈;
상기 가스터빈을 통과한 증발가스와 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 열교환시키는 자가열교환기;
상기 다수개의 압축기, 상기 가스터빈 및 상기 자가열교환기를 통과한 증발가스의 압력을 낮추는 감압장치; 및
상기 가스터빈의 축과 연결되어, 상기 가스터빈에 의해 일로 전환된 증발가스의 엔탈피를 사용하여 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키는 추가 압축기;를 포함하고,
상기 추가 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 엔진으로 보내지는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 자가열교환기 및 상기 감압장치를 통과하며 일부 액화된 증발가스와 기체 상태로 남아있는 증발가스를 분리하는 기액분리기를 더 포함하는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 다수개의 압축기 후단에 각각 설치되어, 상기 압축기를 통과한 증발가스의 온도를 낮추는 다수개의 열교환기를 더 포함하는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 다수개의 압축기 중 일부 압축기만을 통과한 증발가스의 일부를 DF엔진으로 보내는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 다수개의 압축기를 모두 통과한 증발가스의 일부는 ME-GI엔진에 공급하고, 나머지 일부는 상기 가스터빈으로 보내는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 감압장치는 팽창밸브 또는 팽창기인, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 추가 압축기 후단에 설치되어, 상기 추가 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 냉각시키는 추가 열교환기를 더 포함하는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 가스터빈 후단에서, 상기 가스터빈을 통과한 증발가스의 온도를 측정하는 온도 트랜스미터;
상기 가스터빈 후단에서, 상기 가스터빈을 통과한 증발가스의 압력을 측정하는 압력 트랜스미터; 및
상기 온도 트랜스미터 및 상기 압력 트랜스미터가 측정하는 증발가스의 온도 및 압력 값에 따라 상기 가스터빈 또는 상기 추가 압축기의 작동을 조절하는 컨트롤러를 더 포함하는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 증발가스의 에너지를 소모시키는 터보 익스팬더를 포함하는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치. - 액화천연가스 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 재액화하기 위하여 증발가스를 냉각 유체로 사용하는 재액화 방법에 있어서,
상기 저장탱크로부터 증발가스가 배출되고,
상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스는 압축되고,
상기 압축된 증발가스는 일부 에너지를 외부로 전달하고,
상기 일부 에너지를 전달한 압축된 증발가스는 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 열교환되고,
열교환된 상기 증발가스는 감압되어 일부가 재액화되고,
상기 압축된 증발가스로부터 전달된 에너지는 일로 전환되어 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 압축시키고,
상기 일로 전환된 증발가스의 에너지에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 엔진에 공급되는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법.
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