KR101686306B1 - Signal loss detection and energy detection circuit without energy distortion method and structure from pulse pile-up at the signal readout integrated circuit in all radiation counting sensors - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion of a radiation signal processing system, the method comprising: comparing a pulse signal generated by an incident radiation with a delayed signal; And detecting the incident energy information and the incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the comparison result.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method and system for preventing loss of information due to signal superimposition of a signal processing unit of a radiation counting method and eliminating distortion of energy. ALL RADIATION COUNTING SENSORS}

The following description relates to sensor technology of the radiation counting method, and relates to a method of accurately acquiring radiation coefficient information and energy, and a readout integrated circuit.

At the end of the nineteenth century, a ray called X-ray was found by Röntgen. X-rays, which are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of several tens pm to several millimeters, have special properties that are classified into permeability and linearity, and these characteristics are utilized in many fields. Conventional X-ray detection uses films or magnetic tapes, but it has excellent resolution, but it takes a considerable amount of time to search for the developing time, and it is problematic in terms of cost and environmental pollution. Digital X-ray method was developed to solve this problem.

X-rays react with matter and the amount of permeation depends on the density of the material. The amount of transmitted light is detected by a digital semiconductor sensor, and the X-ray is converted into an electrical signal by an X-ray sensor to obtain an image through a computer. An X-ray generated by an X-ray generator is divided into a characteristic X-ray and a continuous X-ray. Referring to FIG. 2, an X-ray spectrum generated in an X-ray generator is shown. A continuous X-ray has various energy spectra and a characteristic X-ray has a specific energy spectrum. X-ray is a type of electromagnetic wave that is used in many places around us. X-rays cause photographic action, fluorescence, and ionization, and proceed at the same speed as light in vacuum, and substances with higher densities do not transmit.

Referring to FIG. 3, the X-ray sensor technology is classified into a conventional X-ray sensor technology and a conventional X-ray detection system and an analog X-ray detection system have. The digital X-ray detection method includes a direct detection method of reading electron-hole pairs generated by direct reaction with X-ray and an indirect detection method of detecting X-ray after converting X-ray into light through a light emitting body .

4 shows a direct detection method and an indirect detection method. Indirect-mode X-ray detectors consist of a sandwich-like combination of a scintillation layer, an amorphous silicon photothiode and a sensor array. When the X-ray photon is incident on the scintillation layer, visible light is emitted in a proportional manner and is recorded by the photodiode array and converted into charge. The charge is detected by the sensor array similar to the direct conversion method. The material used for the scintillator layer is usually composed of CsI, or Gd2O2S. The advantage of a CsI based scintillation layer is that these crystals can be formed in the form of needles of several micron width and aligned in a direction perpendicular to the detector surface. This organized needle-shaped array scintillation layer reduces the dispersion of light, thereby increasing the amount of light emitted and providing a high resolution image.

5 shows a pixel structure of a hybrid structure in which a sensor chip and a readout detection circuit (ROIC) chip are three-dimensionally combined. This direct-type sensor has the advantage of being able to obtain a much better image at low dose, by processing each X-ray incident photon, with less influence of noise than the conventional method. The advantage of hybrid pixels is that they can achieve the best performance by taking advantage of different technologies. In the case of X-ray sensor applications, a combination of readout with a sensor with good X-ray absorption efficiency (CdTe, CZT, etc.) and mature technology and CMOS process with high integration efficiency is a typical example. Sensors and electronics chips are connected through sophisticated bonding. As the process technology evolves, large-sized and highly integrated devices are becoming more and more widely used.

Hybrid pixel type 3D structure detector, which is an advanced sensor technology, is divided into a radiation detection material that absorbs X-ray energy and a ROIC circuit for converting the X-ray signal generated from the X-ray energy into an electrical signal. This ROIC is constructed independently of individual pixels, and has the advantage that the energy window level adjustment can be used to factor to a specific energy. The coupling between the detection material and the ROIC pixel array is achieved through bump bonding. Analogically, the analog output has a digital value that is incremented by one when the input signal is present (when the output of the comparator changes), using the comparator output with digital output via pulse processing. It is possible to read the counter value stored in each pixel together with the signal to be read and to view it as an image. Currently, we are gradually updating the MEDIPIX series 1, 2, and 3 with Cern as the main axis. We are also developing X-ray coefficient detectors in many groups including PIXIRAD, XPAD and PILATUS.

The sensor of the present radiation counting method uses the information that the output of the comparator (disc waveform figure) changes from 'low' to 'high' when the pulse-processed waveform exceeds the reference with arbitrary reference (dotted line in the preamp waveform) And the value of the counter is incremented by one.

Nuclear medicine is a technology to diagnose and treat cancer-like diseases using beta-rays or gamma rays emitted from radioactive isotopes. Since the blood-circulation time was measured in clinic using radioactive materials for the first time in America, Has developed. Since the invention of cyclotron in 1936, it has become possible to produce various kinds of radioisotopes by using it, and nuclear medicine has started to develop in earnest. Nuclear medical imaging was first developed by Benedict Carson in 1951, but since 1959, Han Anger developed the gamma camera, which has been clinically used since the 1970s. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) have been developed and widely used.

Single-photon emission tomography and positron emission tomography (CT) are one of the medical imaging devices using radiation. In general, they should satisfy three basic performance requirements: high spatial resolution, high contrast, and fast image acquisition required by imaging devices In addition, the patient's radiation dose should be low.

A single-photon emission tomography detector acquires a set of planar image data by rotating a unit angle around the patient, with two or three unit detectors rotating simultaneously to reduce acquisition time. At this time, since the gamma ray used is a radiation having a specific energy, a pulse having a certain size is detected in the pulse detected in the reading circuit.

In a positron emission tomography system, gamma rays can have specific energy. The positron emission tomography detector does not need to rotate because the detector is ring-like around the patient, and since one positron is converted into two gamma rays and emitted in the direction of 180 degrees, the two gamma rays are measured at the same time, Because you get the information, you do not need the sights that gamma cameras need. The gamma rays used in the positron emission tomography also use a radiation having a specific energy, so that a pulse having a certain size is detected in the pulse detected in the readout path.

In the field of radiation measurement, the problem of pulse pile-up is a very important part directly related to the quality of the image. However, in the case of a CT with a fast signal input, the radiation is fast and the signal quality is significantly degraded and distorted because the signal overlap occurs due to the incidence of the other signal before the signal processing is completed. Accordingly, a method of accurately finding an incident signal even in a pulse file up environment using a delayed signal according to an embodiment of the present invention is proposed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion of a radiation signal processing system, the method comprising: comparing a pulse signal generated by an incident radiation with a delayed signal; And detecting the incident energy information and the incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the comparison result.

According to one aspect, comparing the pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with the delayed signal may include storing an area value at a beginning and a peak of the pulse.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of comparing a pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with a delayed signal includes the steps of: Storing; Storing in the memory (2) a second region value in which the pulse exists at the highest point of the pulse; And checking a difference between the first area value and the second area value stored in the memory 1 and the memory 2 as a comparison result.

According to another aspect, the method of preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion may further include recording the comparison result in a counter recording apparatus.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of detecting the incident energy information and the incident coefficient detects the incident energy information and the incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the comparison result recorded in the counter recording apparatus can do.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of comparing a pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with a delayed signal includes the step of putting the output of the amplifier AMP into a buffer BUFFER having a predetermined delay time Obtaining an output; And comparing the output of the amplifier and the output of the buffer in a comparator to obtain an output of the comparator.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion, comprising the steps of: performing signal processing in a digital circuit using a signal according to an output of the comparator, have.

An apparatus for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion of a radiation signal processing method sensor signal processing unit according to an exemplary embodiment includes a comparator for comparing a pulse signal generated by an incident radiation with a delayed signal; And a detector for detecting the incident energy information and the incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the comparison result.

According to one aspect, the comparator may store region values at the beginning and peak of the pulse.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the comparator includes: a first memory for storing a first region value at which the pulse is present at the start of the pulse; And a second memory for storing a second area value in which the pulse exists at the highest point of the pulse, wherein the difference between the first area value stored in the first memory and the second area value is compared with a difference value .

According to another aspect, the apparatus for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion may record the comparison result in a counter recording apparatus.

According to another aspect, the detector can detect the incident energy information and the incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the comparison result recorded in the counter recording apparatus.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the comparator includes an amplifier AMP for receiving an output by putting the output of the amplifier AMP into a buffer BUFFER having a predetermined delay time, and for comparing the output of the amplifier and the output of the buffer simultaneously The output of the comparator can be obtained.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion may be characterized in that the incident energy information and the incident coefficient are detected by performing signal processing in a digital circuit using a signal according to the output of the comparator have.

The present invention can be applied and used in many fields such as radiation counting type sensors such as all kinds of radiation medical instruments, industrial non-destructive observation equipment, electronic personal dosimeters, and all pulse processes. In addition, since it can solve the problem of signal overlap in medical devices such as PET and CT accompanying a lot of existing radiation doses, it can help accurate diagnosis and judgment through a much better image.

The present invention can improve the measurement performance by solving the problem of information lost during the counting period by using a method of not receiving the signal during the signal processing period corresponding to the radiation incidence. In addition, it can process a lot of incoming radiation for a short time, so it can process the information quickly without losing information, and the time required to acquire the diagnostic image of the patient is significantly reduced.

According to the present invention, it is possible to distinguish radiation incidence of 1n or less by adjusting the cross point of view, thereby realizing a fast ROIC circuit.

1 is a diagram illustrating a method for solving a conventional signal overlap problem.
2 shows an X-ray spectrum generated in the X-ray generator.
3 shows a classification of the X-ray sensor technology.
Fig. 4 shows a direct detection method and an indirect detection method of X-ray.
5 shows a pixel structure of a hybrid structure in which a sensor chip and a readout detection circuit (ROIC) chip are three-dimensionally combined.
6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a read circuit (ROIC).
Fig. 7 shows the principle of the radiation detector ROIC of the counting system.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the technique of the radiation counting method.
9 is a schematic diagram of a technique for solving the signal overlap problem according to an embodiment.
10 is a diagram illustrating an operation of the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.
11 is a diagram illustrating a simulation using a radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.
12 is a flowchart illustrating a method of preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion of a radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.
13 to 15 are circuit diagrams of a radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a diagram illustrating a method for solving a conventional signal overlap problem.

Conventional radiation counting methods All sensors measure each incident radiation individually. There is no period of radiation incident randomly. Therefore, the sensor of the radiation counting method generates a pulse pile-up problem in which the radiation is incident again and the output signal is overlapped before the radiation incident on the radiation incidence environment is completely processed in the circuit. This distorts the number of incident radiation eventually recorded in the radiation-coded sensor.

As a way to solve the signal overlap problem, simply coping with the signal overlap problem in such a way that one incident radiation does not forcibly receive another input for the time being processed in the readout integrated circuit (ROIC). However, the method shown in FIG. 1 has a problem that the number of images and the image are significantly distorted in an environment where radiation incidence is high. Accordingly, a method for obtaining correct and accurate information without distorting the radiation coefficient information and energy lost due to the signal overlap problem in the conventional coefficient sensor will be described in detail below.

Fig. 7 shows the principle of the radiation detector ROIC of the counting system.

One of the key technologies in hybrid pixel detectors and nuclear medicine image sensors is a readout integrated circuit that can efficiently read the electron-hole pairs generated in the sensor. In the conventional digital X-ray detection technology, a readout integrated circuit is used. However, a charge accumulation method which accumulates electron-hole pairs generated in a certain time period by using a charge-storage capacitor in a capacitor and reads through an A / D converter Was used. However, hybrid pixel detectors and nuclear medicine imaging sensors have different speeds and blocks to process each pulse.

An X-ray applied to the photodiode generates an electron-hole pair, and this charge is stored in the capacitor for a predetermined time and then read by the ROIC circuit. In this method, as the electron-hole pair signals generated by the X-ray photon of all the bands accumulate irrespective of the energy amount of the X-ray photon, it is impossible to distinguish the image signals according to the energy amount. The noise due to the influence of the surroundings is also read, and the SNR (signal to noise ratio) is low.

In order to overcome these problems, a photon counting type dummy circuit was developed. In the 1980s, scientists studying high energy fields have been actively studying particle accelerators. In the field of photon counting, microstrip detectors and semiconductor drift detectors, which are designed to develop a tracking detector for particle accelerators, And has a technical basis. After that, a pixel detector, which is the basis of Photon counting circuit, has been developed and has been developed and used in the form of a hybrid pixel detector through various evolution.

The X-ray photon counting circuit can be configured as shown in FIG. The semiconductor detector and the readout circuit are connected by bump bonding, and the photodiode with reverse voltage reacts with the incident X-ray to generate electron hole pairs. The generated charge is transferred to the preamplifier of the readout circuit and the corresponding voltage signal is output. This signal passes through a pole zero rejection circuit and a shaping amplifier and outputs a Gaussian pulse waveform. The voltage signal output from the SHA is transmitted to the comparator and outputs a digital signal of '1' or '0' in comparison with a reference voltage externally applied. Using this signal, the counter counts in digital form how many times '1' of the output of the comparator is output and outputs the data. This method is called a photon counting method. The conventional charge accumulation method, which is a typical X-ray photon detection method, has a disadvantage in that the SNR is low and the dose is large. In contrast, the photon counting method uses a method of counting a comparator with a threshold voltage determined whenever a signal is generated by a single X-ray photon, so there is almost no influence of noise, and the amount of high SNR radiation dose is greatly reduced It has the advantage of being able to.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the technique of the radiation counting method.

Referring to FIG. 8, the circuit operation of the radiation counting method is shown. In the case of signal overlapping, the energy of the actual incident beam is 2 energy corresponding to 2, 1 energy corresponding to 1, Let us assume that three are entered. Then, the energy of the incident incident ray and the total incident radiation may be different from the energy information actually recorded in the radiation counting circuit shown in FIG. 10 and the count number due to the signal overlapping effect. The energy information and the count number actually recorded in the radiation counting circuit may be 1 energy corresponding to 1, energy 1 corresponding to 2, energy of 1 corresponding to 2, and total radiation count of 2 incident, Distort information.

9 is a schematic diagram of a technique for solving the signal overlap problem according to an embodiment.

The radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention device can store the value of the start area in storage space 1 (e.g., memory NCP) before the pulse begins to react. When radiation is incident and a pulse is generated, the peak state value of the pulse present at the peak of the pulse can be stored in storage 2 (e.g., memory PCP). When the storage is completed in the storage space 2, the difference in the value of the storage space 1 from the value of the storage space 2 can be recorded in the corresponding counter of the counter H, M, and L.

For example, assuming that the energy of the actual incident ray is 2, the energy is 1, and the total incident radiation is 3, the energy information actually recorded and the count number are 1 The energy corresponding to 0, 2 corresponding to energy 2, and the total incident radiation coefficient can be 3. In other words, the energy of the incident radiation, the total incident radiation coefficient, and the actually recorded energy information and the number of counts are equal.

10 is a diagram illustrating an operation of the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.

Radiation is a photon. Since photons are randomly generated at random probability distributions, they do not enter with a constant period. In order to accurately detect the incident energy information and the incident number, the first area value in which the pulse exists at the start of the pulse can be stored in the memory 1. [ And the second region value in which the pulse exists at the highest point of the pulse can be stored in the memory 2. At this time, the difference between the first area value stored in the memory 1 and the second area value stored in the memory 2 is obtained as a comparison result, and the comparison result is recorded in the counter recording apparatus, so that accurate energy and accurate incident coefficient can be detected.

The amplifier 1010 can output a pulse signal generated by the radiation and can obtain an output by putting the output of the amplifier 1010 into the buffer 1020 having a predetermined delay time. The comparator 1030 can compare the output of the amplifier 1010 and the output of the buffer 1020 at the same time and output the result. At this time, the output of the comparator can be toggled by generating a cross point by comparing the two signals. The counter 1040 performs signal processing in a digital circuit using a signal corresponding to the output of the comparator 1030 so that incident energy information and incident coefficients can be detected. The counter 1040 counts photons incident on the counter based on the comparison output signal output from the comparator 1030, and outputs the photon as digital data.

For example, referring to FIG. 9, assuming that the energy of the actually incident ray is 2, the energy is 1, and the total incident radiation is 3, The information and count number is 1 and the energy corresponding to 2 is 2. The total radiation dose can be 3. In other words, the energy of the incident radiation, the total incident radiation coefficient, and the actually recorded energy information and the number of counts are equal.

The radiation information loss and energy distortion apparatus according to one embodiment can solve the signal overlap problem even with a small power consumption by applying a logical method as well as a circuit method in order to realize fast pulse processing time.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an additional circuit may be developed to develop an energy discrimination circuit as well as a coefficient of an incident signal of the X-ray, thereby providing a basis for energy-based image acquisition. In addition, currently used sensors use X-ray sources with continuous energy such as CT and mammography, but if they are converted into X-rays with a narrow energy distribution through filters, the quality of the images can be improved.

In addition, the present invention can more accurately and reliably measure the radiation dose even in the case of a dosimeter using a radiation electronic personal dosimeter and counting method.

10B shows a simulation result of a circuit for preventing coefficient information loss due to a pulse overlap problem and shows an actual amplifier output 1050 and a buffer signal 1060 and outputs the two signals to the comparator 1070 ).

11 is a diagram illustrating a simulation using a radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.

Due to the information lost due to the signal superposition problem, the image quality of the image which does not apply the present invention is remarkably deteriorated, and the SNR of the bright part of the X-ray image is considerably deteriorated. The image obtained according to the embodiment of the present invention can acquire an image close to the original by correctly obtaining the energy information and the coefficient information which can be lost in the conventional method due to the signal overlap problem. By applying radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention methods, almost no information lost can be used for image acquisition. Accordingly, it is possible to clearly distinguish the bone image and the soft tissue by acquiring the energy information according to the present invention.

12 is a flowchart illustrating a method of preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion of a radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.

In step 1210, the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention device may output a pulse signal of the incident radiation. The radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus can output a Gaussian pulse signal as at least one photon is incident.

In step 1220, the apparatus for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion may insert the output pulse signal into a buffer having a predetermined delay time to obtain a delayed signal. The radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus can store in the buffer a pulse signal having a slight delay time from the pulse signal. The radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention device can store the area values at the beginning and the peak of the pulse. At this time, the memory 1 may store the first region value where the pulse exists at the start of the pulse, and the memory 2 may store the second region value where the pulse exists at the peak of the pulse.

In step 1230, the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention device may compare the delayed signal with the pulse signal of the incident radiation. The radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus can simultaneously compare the output pulse signal and the delayed signal output from the buffer. At this time, the comparison result can be recorded in the counter recording apparatus.

In step 1240, the apparatus for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion may detect energy information and incident coefficients. The radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus can detect incident energy information and incident coefficient by performing signal processing in a digital circuit using a signal according to the output of the comparator. At this time, based on the comparison result, the apparatus for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion can count the incident photons and output them as digital data.

The present invention according to one embodiment can be applied and used in many fields such as radiation counting type sensors such as all radiation medical instruments, industrial non-destructive observation instruments, electronic personal dosimeters, and all pulse processes.

13 to 15 are circuit diagrams of a radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus according to an embodiment.

In the circuit diagram of FIG. 13, Vpreout denotes a portion where a voltage pulse corresponding to the radiation energy is output, and Vpreout can be input to the buffer to generate a delayed analog output. The result of this can be outputted as shown in Fig. The dotted line represents Vpreout, and the solid line represents Vbuffer.

The signals thus output can be input to the comparator, respectively, and the output Vcomp can be obtained. A comparator is a device that compares two input signals and outputs a digital value of low (0) or high (1). It is a device that changes from low to high or from high to low at the moment the input value crosses. With this, if the dotted line is at a higher position, the comparator can output a digital low value of 0, and if the solid line is higher, it can output a digital high value of 1.

In FIG. 13, the key element in the part where VTHM, VTHH, and VTHL are written means a comparator. When the output of Vpreout is Vpreout <vthl <vthm <vthm, the comparator outputs 000 (output of HML) . When the output of Vpreout is in the state of vthl <Vpreout <vthm <vthh, the comparator can output 001. When the output of Vpreout is vthl <vthm <Vpreout <vthh, the comparator can output 011. When the output of Vpreout is vthl < Vthm <Vthh <Vpreout, the comparator can output 111. Looking at the state of the output, the state can be changed as 000-> 001-> 011-> 111, and the total state can be expressed in four ways.

Referring to FIG. 15, digital may represent a value of 0 or 1. So one digit that can represent 0 or 1 in digital is called bit. 1bit can represent 0 or 1, and 2bit can represent 4 states such as 00, 01, 10, and 11. Referring to FIG. 15, the first dotted line with respect to the bottom may be denoted by Vthl, and the first dotted line area may be expressed with a value of digital 00. [ The area between the first dotted line and the second dotted line can be expressed as 01, the area between the second dotted line and the third dotted line as 10, and the area above the third dotted line as 11.

Since the outputs of 000, 001, 011, and 111 are in four states, it is possible to perform signal processing for converting the digit number to a digital value having a reduced number of digits. At this time, as shown in FIG. 13, the four states can be converted into 2 bits 00, 01, 10, and 11 through a decoder. The output of the decoder can be rearranged into 000-> 00, 001-> 01, 011-> 10, 111-> 11.

At this time, a digital memory element is further required. A digital memory device operates with a signal called clock, which serves to store the input when the digital value changes from low-> high or high-> low. Thus, in FIG. 13, the memory NCP can store the decoder value in a negative (high -> low) state of the Vcomp output shown in the second figure of FIG. 14, and when the memory PCP goes to a positive You can store the value.

Using this information, information can be processed using the crossing information of the crossing point in the first figure of FIG. For example, if the energy of 2 initially comes in, the output can be a pulse signal at Vpreout. At this time, the value at the time when the pulse signal starts to react to the incoming radiation in the negative can be stored in the memory NCP. The decoder output can store 01 if the response has started in the 01 area. And, when the peak is reached, the value can be stored in the memory PCP using the crossing information generated at the crossing point. If the decoder value at this time is 11, a value of 11 can be stored in the memory PCP.

After the value is stored, a subtraction circuit may be operated to find the energy of the input radiation. Since the subtracting circuit is a circuit that is operated digitally, it uses 2's complement value. The numbers 0 = 00 1 = 01 2 = 10 3 = 11.

To perform "3-1 (difference between 3 and 1)" digitally, each corresponding digital value is 11, 01. The digital value corresponding to -1 is the complement of 2, and the method of obtaining it is 0-> 1, 1 -> 0 and then 1 is added. In other words, if you want to find a value of -1, add 1 to the value 10 which is inverted from the digital value of 01 corresponding to 1, In this state, 3 = 11 and -1 is 11, so 3 + (- 1) = 3-1, and the result is 11 + 11 = 110. However, if you look at the bottom two digits of the three digits, it is ten. 2 = 10, which is 3-1 = 10, so it can be judged that the correct value of 2 is digitally performed.

In this way, the energy of the incident radiation can be found by comparing the region value at the peak and the pulse response start value with each other. After finding the incident energy, the result of subtracting the corresponding energy counter from a plurality of counters can be selected as a result value. For example, if energy corresponding to 2 comes in, you can select counter M. When the counter is connected to the counter, the value of the counter can be increased by one using the delayed digital value of the Vcomp digital signal.

The apparatus described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the apparatus and components described in the embodiments may be implemented within a computer system, such as, for example, a processor, a controller, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field programmable array (FPA) A programmable logic unit (PLU), a microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to execution of the software. For ease of understanding, the processing apparatus may be described as being used singly, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the processing apparatus may have a plurality of processing elements and / As shown in FIG. For example, the processing unit may comprise a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. Other processing configurations are also possible, such as a parallel processor.

The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing, and may be configured to configure the processing device to operate as desired or to process it collectively or collectively Device can be commanded. The software and / or data may be in the form of any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage media, or device , Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a transmitted signal wave. The software may be distributed over a networked computer system and stored or executed in a distributed manner. The software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.

The method according to an embodiment may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions to be recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI &gt; or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (14)

A method of preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion of a radiation signal processing sensor signal processing stage,
Comparing a pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with a delayed signal; And
Detecting incident energy information and an incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the result of the comparison
Lt; / RTI &gt;
The step of comparing a pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with a delayed signal,
A step of obtaining an output by putting the output of the amplifier AMP into a buffer BUFFER having a predetermined delay time and simultaneously comparing an output of the amplifier and an output of the buffer in a comparator to obtain an output of the comparator
Lt; / RTI &gt;
Wherein the step of detecting the incident energy information and the incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the comparison result comprises:
Wherein the input energy information and the incident coefficient are detected by performing signal processing in a digital circuit using a signal according to an output of the comparator
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention method comprises the steps of: The method according to claim 1,
The step of comparing a pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with a delayed signal,
Storing the region values at the beginning and the peak of the pulse
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention method comprises the steps of: The method according to claim 1,
The step of comparing a pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with a delayed signal,
Storing a first region value in which the pulse is present in the memory 1 at the start of the pulse;
Storing in the memory (2) a second region value in which the pulse exists at the highest point of the pulse; And
Confirming a difference between the first region value stored in the memory 1 and the second region value stored in the memory 1 and the memory 2 as a result of the comparison
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention method comprises the steps of: The method of claim 3,
Recording the comparison result in the counter recording apparatus
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention method further comprises: 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the step of detecting the incident energy information and the incident coefficient comprises:
The incident energy information and the incident coefficient are detected based on the crossing information generated in accordance with the comparison result recorded in the counter recording apparatus
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention method comprises the steps of: delete delete An apparatus for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion in a radiation signal processing method sensor signal processing stage,
A comparator for comparing a pulse signal generated by the incident radiation with a delayed signal; And
A detector for detecting incident energy information and an incident coefficient based on the crossing information generated according to the result of the comparison,
Lt; / RTI &gt;
The comparator comprising:
The output of the amplifier AMP is put into a buffer BUFFER having a predetermined delay time to obtain an output. The comparator simultaneously compares the output of the amplifier and the output of the buffer to obtain the output of the comparator
&Lt; / RTI &gt;
The detector comprises:
And the incident energy information and the incident coefficient are detected by performing signal processing in a digital circuit using a signal corresponding to the output of the comparator
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus is characterized by comprising: 9. The method of claim 8,
The comparator comprising:
To store the area values at the beginning and the peak of the pulse
Devices for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion. 9. The method of claim 8,
The comparator comprising:
A first memory for storing a first region value at which the pulse is present at the start of the pulse; And
A second memory for storing a second region value in which the pulse exists at the highest point of the pulse,
Lt; / RTI &gt;
A difference between a first area value stored in the first memory and a second area value stored in the second memory is checked as a comparison result
Devices for preventing radiation information loss and energy distortion. 11. The method of claim 10,
The comparison result is recorded in the counter recording apparatus
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus further comprises: 12. The method of claim 11,
The detector comprises:
The incident energy information and the incident coefficient are detected based on the crossing information generated in accordance with the comparison result recorded in the counter recording apparatus
Wherein the radiation information loss and energy distortion prevention apparatus is characterized by comprising: delete delete

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