KR101684710B1 - Counterweight mounting/separating appartus for contruction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a counterweight unloading apparatus for a construction machine, and more particularly to a counterweight unloading apparatus that can be driven using a small hydraulic cylinder having a smaller stroke range, , A hydraulic cylinder for rotating the link, and a flexible body supported by the roller and for fastening the counterweight, characterized in that a flexible body is additionally supported on the opposite side of the roller at a position adjacent to the fixed end of the flexible body Wherein the auxiliary roller is disposed such that the length of the path of the flexible body between the fixed end via the auxiliary roller and the roller is maximized at the counterweight mounting position and is minimized at the counterweight separation position, And a counterweight driving / A small-sized hydraulic cylinder having a shorter stroke range can be used as compared with a case in which there is no stopper.

Description

[0001] Counterweight mounting / separating appartus for construction machinery [

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a counterweight lifting and attaching apparatus for a construction machine, and more particularly, to a counterweight for a construction machine capable of separating or mounting a counterweight through a combination of a hydraulic cylinder and a link mechanism at the rear of a main body of a construction machine such as an excavator, Weight attaching / detaching apparatus. The present invention also relates to a counterweight-mounted and unloading apparatus capable of being driven using a small-sized hydraulic cylinder having a smaller stroke range.

Generally, an excavator performs various operations such as excavation, ground clearance, ground clearance, lifting of heavy objects, and the like. The excavator is composed of a boom, an arm and a bucket, and the work of the excavator is performed by controlling a working machine such as a boom, an arm and a bucket through a driving means such as a hydraulic cylinder.

The loader is used in the construction site to perform excavation work for excavating soil, sand, transportation work carrying excavated soil, loading and unloading work carried on or off a freight vehicle, road stop work, snow removal work, And so on. Such a loader is constituted by a boom installed on the front side of the vehicle and operated by a boom cylinder, and a bucket rotatably installed at the tip of the boom and operated by a bucket cylinder.

A forklift is a type of industrial vehicle that allows the lifting or lowering of a cargo of a weight, which is used to move the cargo of a heavy load to a close proximity, or to load or unload the cargo into or from various transport vehicles. The forklift largely consists of a main body including an engine and a mast assembly provided on the front side of the main body. The mast assembly includes a carriage having a fork, and may be formed in two, three, or the like in consideration of a moving height of a heavy object.

A construction machine such as an excavator, a loader, or a forklift, as described above, is a counterweight that acts to balance a self-weight of the vehicle body or an external force acting on the vehicle body, that is, and a counterweight.

Such a counterweight is usually a casting type manufactured by a casting method or a structure type which is manufactured by cutting or welding an iron plate structure or the like. In order to balance the self weight or external force of the construction machine body as described above, As shown in Fig.

Also, the counterweight results in an increase in the weight of the vehicle body of the construction machine, which can cause unnecessary constraints due to the weight of the counterweight if the construction machine is not in operation, such as when moving on the roadway. Therefore, the counterweight is moved to the work site separately from the construction machine, mounted on the construction machine at the work site, and separated again after the work.

1 is a schematic view showing an example of a counterweight releasing and attaching apparatus of the prior art. 1, the conventional counterweight device 10 includes a fixing plate 22 formed on a main body rear portion 20 and a base 32 rotatably coupled to the fixing plate 22 via a bracket 24 and a roller 32 formed at a distal end thereof An undulating cylinder 40 rotatably coupled to the leading end of the undulating link 30 to rotate the undulating link 30 and a roller 32 fixed at one end to the fixing plate 22, And a rope 42 to which the other end is fastened to the counterweight 12. [ Further, it further includes an elevating cylinder (34) that is stretched at one point of the undulating link (30) to adjust the relative position of the roller (32).

The counterweight unloading apparatus 10 having such a structure provides a structure capable of mounting / dismounting the counterweight through the combination structure of the rope 42 and the undulating cylinder 40 and the undulating cylinder 40 that rotates the undulating link And an elevating cylinder 34 for adjusting the relative position of the roller 32 in order to avoid interference such as contact with the main body rear portion when the counterweight is mounted / dismounted. Since the one end of the relief cylinder 40 causing the relief link 30 is engaged with the end of the relief link 30, that is, the portion where the roller 32 is formed, the radius of rotation There is a difficulty that the stroke range of the relief cylinder 40 must be increased.

As described above, the conventional counterweight device 10 is required to be provided with the elevating cylinder 34 and at the same time the stroke of the relief cylinder 40 must be large. Therefore, by requiring a complicated structure in which two hydraulic cylinders are used and a large hydraulic cylinder having a large stroke, there is a restriction that a large load is applied to the hydraulic pump that supplies the hydraulic oil to these hydraulic cylinders.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a counterweight unloading apparatus capable of using a small hydraulic cylinder with a short stroke range.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a counterweight device for attaching and detaching a counterweight that can bring about a larger displacement link rotation using the hydraulic cylinder while using the same type of hydraulic cylinder.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a counterweight device for attaching and detaching a counterweight between a mounting position on a rear frame of a construction machine and a separation position separated from a construction machine, And a follower extending from the pivot point and having a roller fastened to the end thereof; A hydraulic cylinder which rotates the link about a turning point; A flexible body having a fixed end fixed to the rear frame, a flexible body having both ends of a fastening end to which the counterweight can be fastened, and a length between the both ends supported by the roller; And an auxiliary roller adjacent to the fixed end and further supporting the flexible body on the opposite side from the roller, wherein the auxiliary roller has a path length of the flexible body extending from the fixed end to the roller at a maximum at the mounting position, Of the counterweight of the construction machine.

In the present invention, the length of the flexible body wound on the auxiliary roller is maximum at the mounting position and minimum at the separation position.

Further, in the present invention, the auxiliary roller is supported at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to support the flexible body in the variable position in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, wherein the link has a long- And the end of the piston rod is coupled to the driving portion to rotate the link.

Further, in the present invention, the auxiliary roller is fixed and arranged coaxially with the pivot point of the link.

Further, in the present invention, the auxiliary roller is further provided with position adjusting means for adjusting the position of the auxiliary roller.

Further, in the present invention, the flexible body is further provided with a length adjusting means for adjusting the length of the flexible body.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a counterweight unloading apparatus using a small hydraulic cylinder having a shorter stroke range than the conventional case.

Further, according to the present invention, even when a hydraulic cylinder having the same stroke range is used, it is possible to provide a counterweight unloading and attaching apparatus having a link pivoting range with a larger displacement.

Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a counterweight-type die-attaching apparatus according to the prior art; Fig.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a counterweight-shaped die-attaching / detaching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic cross-sectional views of the counter-weighting and releasing device of FIG. 2;
FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic cross-sectional views of a counterweight removing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a counterweight releasing device according to another embodiment of the present invention; And
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a counterweight-type die-attaching apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, the terms "front" and "rear" as used herein mean forward and backward directions, respectively, with respect to the vehicle body of the construction machine.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a counter-weighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3a is a schematic view showing a state where the device of Fig. 2 is in a mounting position, Is in a disengaged position. Referring to Figs. 2 to 3B, a description will be made of a counterweight-type die-attaching / attaching apparatus 100 according to the present invention.

2 and 3A and 3B, a counterweight (not shown) is transferred between the mounting position on the rear frame 102 of the construction machine and the separation position separated from the construction machine to mount A hydraulic cylinder 110 for rotating the link 120 and a hydraulic cylinder 110 for rotating the link 120. The link 120 includes a link 120 that rotates about a pivot point 122, A flexible body 150 and a roller 130 where one point is supported by the roller 130 and the actual counterweight is fastened and an auxiliary roller 140 which further supports the flexible body on the opposite side.

More specifically, first, the link 120 is rotated, for example, between a pair of brackets 106 formed on the rear wall 104 of the rear frame 102, A long length driven portion 124 and a short length driving portion 126 which are opposed to each other around the point 122 and the pivot point 122 are integrally formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the link 120 is coupled to the inside of the pair of brackets 106, and is formed of a pair of identical structures. A pivot shaft connecting the pivot points 122 Are driven together by the hydraulic cylinder 110 via the driving parts 126 connected to each other. In the following description, the link 120 is described based on one link.

A roller 130 is formed at an end of the driven portion 124, and the flexible body 150 is supported through the roller. The length of the driving part 126 of the link 120 is shorter than the distance at which the turning point 122 is protruded. More specifically, when the driving part 126 rotates the link 120 about the turning point 122, And should not be in contact with the rear frame 102.

Next, the flexible body 150 may be embodied, for example, of a chain or a wire, and a roller 152 formed at the end of the follower portion 124 of the link 120 is fixed at one end 152 on the rear frame 102 The other end, that is, the fastening end 154 is disposed downward, and the counterweight can be fastened to the fastening end 154. It is obvious that the flexible body 150 should have a tensile force at least sufficient to support the weight of the counterweight. Similarly, the flexible body 150 is constituted by a pair of flexible members having the same structure as the link 120, and acts on each of the links 120 in the same way. In the following description, description is also based on one flexible body 150 for one link 120. [

Next, the hydraulic cylinder 110 is driven using hydraulic oil delivered from a hydraulic pump (not shown) of the construction machine, and the rear frame 102, in particular, the rear wall 104 and the drive portion 126 of the link, So that the link can be pivoted on the basis of the pivot point 122.

The arrangement of the hydraulic cylinders 110 can be freely configured within a range capable of rotating the link 120, but it is particularly preferable that the link is rotated from the disengaged position to the mounted position during the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 110 That is, the counterweight is mounted, and when the hydraulic cylinder 110 is contracted, the link is rotated from the mounting position to the separation position, that is, the counterweight is separated. In this embodiment, the cylinder tube 112 of the hydraulic cylinder 110 is rotatably fixed by a pair of brackets 108 formed at the rear wall 104 of the rear frame 102, The end of the piston rod 114 of the piston 110 is rotatably fastened to the driving portion 126 of the link 120. [ More specifically, the hydraulic cylinder 110 is configured such that the end of the piston rod 114 is connected to a connection shaft connecting the drive portion 124 of each link 120 between the pair of links 120, It is possible to rotate the drive section 124 of the link in both directions with the turning point 122 as a reference.

In addition to such an apparatus, an auxiliary roller 140 is formed according to a feature of the present invention. The auxiliary roller 140 is formed between the fixed end 152 of the flexible body and the roller 130, more preferably in the region adjacent to the fixed end 152, 150). The roller 130 and the auxiliary roller 140 may be disposed on both sides of the path from the fixed end 152 to the coupling end 154 of the flexible body 150. [ The auxiliary roller 140 rotates the bracket 106 at a forward / lower position with respect to the pivot point 122 by using the bracket 106 to which the pivot point 122 of the link 120 is fastened, ).

The counterweight releasing and attaching apparatus 100 described in this embodiment operates as follows.

3A, at a mounting position in which the counterweight is mounted, the hydraulic cylinder 110 contracts and the piston rod 114 moves into the cylinder tube 112, The driven member 126 is pulled and rotated in the clockwise direction with respect to the turning point 122 and the driven member 124 of the opposite link rotates in the clockwise direction with respect to the turning point 122 as well. The coupling end 154 of the flexible body 150 supported by the roller 130 via the auxiliary roller 140 rotates toward the separation position together with the rotation of the follower portion 124. [

3B, the follower 124 of the link 120 is also rotated in the clockwise direction with respect to the pivot point 122 when the piston rod 114 is contracted to a maximum extent as the hydraulic cylinder 110 continues to contract, And is transferred to a disengaged position where the counterweight fastened to the fastening end 154 is placed on the ground.

Conversely, when the counterweight is to be mounted, the above-described operation is reversed so that the counterweight can be transferred from the separation position to the mounting position.

In the counterweight releasing and attaching apparatus 100 constructed as described above, the auxiliary roller 140 for supporting the flexible body 150 has the following features.

First, as shown in FIG. 3A, a flexible body 150 'and a fastening end 154' of a virtual path (indicated by a dotted line) assuming that there is no auxiliary roller 140, When the flexible body 150 of the path (indicated by the solid line) passing through the auxiliary roller 140 and the fastening end 150 thereof are compared with each other, the position of the fastening end 154 ' Which is far below the position of the fastening end 154 of the path.

This is because the path from the fixed end 152 to the roller 130 is long and short in the condition that the length of the flexible body is the same. In the case of a virtual path (dotted line) not passing through the auxiliary roller 140, The length from the roller 130 to the fastening end 154 'becomes long. On the contrary, in the case of the path (solid line) passing through the auxiliary roller 140, the length becomes long, The length to the fastening end 154 is shortened. In Fig. 3A, this height difference is denoted by? H.

On the other hand, in FIG. 3B, a virtual path indicated by a dotted line is not separately displayed. This is because the difference between the two paths is not largely distinguished because the auxiliary roller 140 is arranged so as to have the least influence on the path of the flexible body at the separated position. That is, a virtual path without passing through the auxiliary roller 140 will be a straight line connecting the fixed end 152 and the roller 130, and the path according to the present invention via the auxiliary roller 140 is also a counterweight This is because the auxiliary roller 140 at the separated position is arranged to have a minimum path between the fixed end 152 and the roller 130 so as to be substantially similar to a straight line connecting the fixed end 152 and the roller 130.

As described above, when the auxiliary roller is used and the path of the flexible body, particularly from the end (fixed end) to which the flexible body is fixed, is maximized at the counterweight mounting position (Fig. 3A) By limiting the position of the auxiliary rollers as such, the counterweight unloading apparatus according to the present invention can utilize a hydraulic cylinder having a relatively short stroke range in a device utilizing a flexible body and a link mechanism. For example, a small hydraulic cylinder having a short stroke range corresponding to the height difference of? H shown in Fig. 3A may be used. In addition, as a small hydraulic cylinder is used, the load on the hydraulic pump of the construction machine can be reduced accordingly.

In addition, a counterweight unloading and attaching apparatus of a simple structure can be realized without having a complicated additional element like the conventional elevating cylinder (34 in Fig. 1).

In addition, the auxiliary roller 140 according to the present invention is characterized in that the length of the flexible body wound on the auxiliary roller is the maximum at the mounting position (FIG. 3A) and the minimum at the separation position (FIG. 3B). This feature also contributes to making the length of the flexible body between the fixed end and the roller, as described above, to be maximum at the mounting position and minimum at the separation position. This is because the auxiliary roller 140 is arranged to support the flexible body 150 on the side opposite to the roller 130.

While the features of the present invention have been described on the basis of the link type and the arrangement state of the hydraulic cylinder shown in the drawings for convenience of explanation in this embodiment, it should be noted that the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. That is, unlike the drawings, the link does not necessarily have to be formed as a driven part and a driving part which extend in both directions around the pivot point, and the hydraulic cylinder is necessarily fastened by a bracket on the upper part of the rear wall It should not be.

For example, in the case of a structure including a link in which a roller is formed at the end, a hydraulic cylinder that is coupled to a portion adjacent to the roller and rotates the link, and a flexible body that is fastened to the counterweight via the roller in the frame, If the auxiliary roller is formed in accordance with the features of the present invention, a number of advantages associated with the formation of the auxiliary roller as described above can be obtained. That is, it is apparent that the feature of the present invention is not limited to the shape of the link, the arrangement state of the hydraulic cylinder, and the like.

Next, Figs. 4A and 4B show a counterweight apparatus 100a according to another embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 100a of Figures 4a and 4b is similar to the apparatus 100 according to Figure 3 except that the auxiliary roller 140a is not at the bracket 106 but at the end of the piston rod 114 of the hydraulic cylinder 110 And a position variable type in which the position of the hydraulic cylinder 110 moves along with the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 110.

For example, the auxiliary roller 140a of this embodiment is fastened to a portion of the hydraulic cylinder 110 where the piston rod 114 is fastened to the driving portion 124 of the link 120. [ That is, the auxiliary roller 140a is fastened together on the connecting shaft connecting the distal end of the link driving part 124 and the distal end of the piston rod 114 of the hydraulic cylinder, so that when the hydraulic cylinder 110 is driven, The auxiliary roller 140a moves together with the rotation to support the flexible body 150. [

4A, the flexible body 150 'and its fastening end 154' of the virtual path (indicated by a dashed line) assuming that there is no auxiliary roller 140a are supported Compared with the flexible body 150 and the fastening end 154 of the path (indicated by the solid line) according to the present invention via the roller 140a, the position of the fastening end 154 'of the virtual path is shorter than the position of the auxiliary roller 140a Is much lower than the position of the fastening end 154 of the path passing through. As in the embodiment of FIG. 3A, it is apparent that a difference in height of? H may occur between these fastening ends 154 and 154 ', and a smaller-sized hydraulic cylinder having a short stroke range may be used.

4B, at the counter-weight disengaging position where the hydraulic cylinder is contracted, the auxiliary roller 140a moves to a position where the path between the fixed end 152 and the roller 130 is minimized .

Compared with the embodiment shown in Figs. 3A and 3B, this embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in Figs. 3A and 3B in that the auxiliary roller 140a (see Fig. 4A) fastened to the end of the piston rod 114 at the mounting position is supported by the auxiliary roller (See Fig. 3A), the value of [Delta] h can be made larger, and thus a smaller hydraulic cylinder having a shorter stroke range than the case shown in Fig. 3 can be used. Of course, at the separation position, since the position of the auxiliary roller 140a rotates together with the driving portion 124 of the link in accordance with the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, the length between the fixed end and the roller can be minimized.

On the other hand, in the case of the embodiment shown in Figs. 3A and 3B, only the condition that the auxiliary roller is provided in front of / below the link pivot point is required regardless of the structure of the link and the arrangement state of the hydraulic cylinder for rotating the link The embodiments of Figures 4A and 4B are different in that they essentially require the placement of the link 120 and the hydraulic cylinder 110 in the form shown.

Next, Fig. 5 shows a counterweight apparatus 100b according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 100b of Figure 5 is similar to the apparatus 100 according to Figure 3 except that the auxiliary roller 140b is fastened on the pivot point connecting the pivot point 122 of the link 120 have.

For example, the auxiliary roller 140b of this embodiment is fastened together on the rotation axis of the linking pivot point 122 to the bracket 106 to support the flexible body 150. This eliminates the complexity of constructing the pivot axis for the auxiliary roller 140b separately from the pivot axis of the link, thereby providing an advantage that the device can be constructed simply. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment of Figs. 3A and 3B, except that the position of the auxiliary roller 140b is fastened to the pivot point with respect to the link pivot point 122. Fig.

Next, Fig. 6 shows a counterweight apparatus 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus of FIG. 6 is similar to the apparatus of FIG. 5 except that the auxiliary roller 240 is provided with the position adjusting means 242 capable of arbitrarily adjusting the position of the auxiliary roller, and the length of the flexible body And a length adjusting means 252 for arbitrarily adjusting the length of the guide portion 252. [

That is, the embodiment of Fig. 6 basically has a structure similar to that of the previously described embodiment, and only the position adjusting means 242 arbitrarily adjusts the position of the auxiliary roller 240 and the length adjusting means 252, So that the length of the flexible body can be arbitrarily adjusted.

The length adjusting means 252 may be a conventional adjusting means, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. 6, the length adjusting means 252 is formed adjacent to the fastening end 154 of the flexible body 250, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the length adjusting means 252 may be provided adjacent to the fastening end 152 Position or any other part of the flexible body 250. [0050]

By forming the position adjusting means 242 and the length adjusting means 252, the length of the flexible body 250 itself can be further increased or decreased temporarily as needed, and the height constraint on the mounting position on the construction machine Can be further mitigated.

In other words, by automatically or manually increasing or decreasing the length of the flexible body by using the position adjusting means and the length adjusting means with respect to the mounting position at which the height can not be reached only through the rotation of the link, The weight can be mounted or separated from the mounting position. Before the fastening of the counterweight to the coupling end of the flexible body, the entire length of the flexible body or the position of the auxiliary roller is adjusted in consideration of the difference in height between the mounting position and the separation position, Position auxiliary roller can be used so that an environment suitable for the work can be implemented in advance.

As described above, according to the present invention, an auxiliary roller is additionally provided in addition to the combination of the hydraulic cylinder and the link mechanism (link + roller + flexible body), and the auxiliary roller is further provided between the fixed end of the flexible body and the roller, By arranging this auxiliary roller so that the length becomes maximum at the counterweight mounting position and becomes minimum at the counterweight separation position, there is an advantage that a compact hydraulic cylinder having a shorter stroke range than that without the auxiliary roller can be used.

In addition, as a small hydraulic cylinder is used, the load applied to the hydraulic pump in the construction machine can be reduced.

Further, it is possible to provide a counterweight driving and releasing device capable of realizing a link pivoting range of a larger displacement with a simple structure.

100: counterweight
102: rear frame 104: rear wall
106, 108: Bracket
110: Hydraulic cylinder 112: Cylinder tube
114: Piston rod
120: link 122: pivot point
124: follower 126:
130: roller
140, 140a, 140b:
150, 150 ': Flexible member 152: Fixed end
154, 154 ': fastening end

Claims (7)

CLAIMS 1. A counterweight unloading apparatus for loading / unloading a counterweight between a mounting position on a rear frame of a construction machine and a separating position separated from a construction machine,
A link including a pivot point fixed to the rear frame, and a follower extending from the pivot point to which the roller is fastened;
A hydraulic cylinder rotating the link about the pivot point;
A flexible body having a fixed end fixed to the rear frame, a flexible body having both ends of a fastening end to which the counterweight can be fastened, and a point between the both ends supported by the roller; And
And an auxiliary roller adjacent to the fixed end and further supporting the flexible body on the side opposite to the roller,
Wherein the auxiliary roller is arranged so that the length of the flexible body in the path from the fixed end to the roller becomes maximum at the mounting position and is minimum at the separation position. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the length of the flexible body wound on the auxiliary roller is maximum at the mounting position and minimum at the separation position. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the auxiliary roller is coupled to an end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to support the flexible body at a variable position in accordance with elongation and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder. [5] The apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein the link has a structure in which a long-length driven portion and a short-length driving portion, which are opposed to each other around the pivot point, are integrally formed and the distal end of the piston rod is fastened to the driving portion, In counterweight. 3. The counterweight removing and installing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary roller is disposed coaxially with and fixed to the pivot point of the link. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the auxiliary roller further comprises position adjusting means for adjusting the position of the auxiliary roller. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the flexible body further includes a length adjusting means for adjusting the length of the flexible body.

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