KR101628762B1 - Soil manufacturing method for covering seed - Google Patents

Soil manufacturing method for covering seed Download PDF

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KR101628762B1
KR101628762B1 KR1020140163274A KR20140163274A KR101628762B1 KR 101628762 B1 KR101628762 B1 KR 101628762B1 KR 1020140163274 A KR1020140163274 A KR 1020140163274A KR 20140163274 A KR20140163274 A KR 20140163274A KR 101628762 B1 KR101628762 B1 KR 101628762B1
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expanded vermiculite
vermiculite
aqueous solution
water
soil
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KR1020140163274A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20160060978A (en
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정기윤
송재형
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주식회사 신성미네랄
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/48Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S426/00Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
    • Y10S426/809Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products including harvesting or planting or other numerous miscellaneous processing steps

Abstract

본 발명은 모내기용 상판에 종자를 파종한 후 파종된 종자 위를 덮는 복토재의 제조 방법에 관한 것으로,
팽창질석 제조하는 공정 중, 콘베어 벨트로 이송하며 냉각시키는 냉각 이송단계에서 팽창질석의 온도가 80~100℃에 이르면, 팽창질석에 비분용액을 분사하여, 분사된 비분용액의 건조를 위한 별도의 공정이 필요치 아니하여 제조 비용을 절감하며, 비분과 팽창질석의 혼합을 위해 물리력이 가해지지 아니하게 하여 질석이 파괴되지 아니하게 하는 것임.
The present invention relates to a method for producing a soil-covering material which sows seeds on a seedling top plate and covers the seeds thus sown,
In the process of producing expanded vermiculite, when the temperature of the expanded vermiculite reaches 80 to 100 ° C in the cooling and conveying step of cooling and conveying to the conveyor belt, the separated solution is sprayed to the expanded vermiculite, and a separate process To reduce manufacturing costs and to prevent the destruction of the vermiculite by preventing the physical force from being applied for mixing of the non-powder and the expanded vermiculite.

Description

복토재의 제조방법{Soil manufacturing method for covering seed}{Soil manufacturing method for covering seed}

본 발명은 모내기용 상판에 종자를 파종한 후 파종된 종자 위를 덮는 복토재의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a soil-covering material which sows seeds on a seedling top plate and then covers seeds sown on the seeds.

종래에는 상판에 종자를 파종하고 상판을 형성하는 상토로 종자를 덮어서 육묘를 하여 왔다. 그러나, 이와 같은 육묘 방법에 있어서는 파종 후에 볍씨가 싹이 나오면서 덮여 있던 상토를 쳐들고 올라오는 들뜬모 현상의 발생이 많으며, 발아에 불균형이 생기는 일이 흔하고, 통기성의 확보가 어려워 날이 뜨거울 때는 볍씨가 상하는 경우가 생기는 결점이 있었다.Conventionally, seeds are seeded on a top plate and covered with seeds that form a top plate. However, in such a method of seedling cultivation, after seeding, seeds of seeds are sprouting and there is a lot of occurrences of hunger phenomenon coming up from climbing up the covered soil, and unbalance occurs in germination, and it is difficult to secure ventilation. There is a drawback in that it is liable to be injured.

이에 본 발명은 파종 후에 들뜬 모가 발생하지 않으며, 모든 볍씨가 고르게 발아하여 발아에 불균형이 생기지 않게 하여야 하며, 날씨가 뜨겁더라도 볍씨가 상하지 않게 하여야 한다는 과제를 해결하고자 한다.Accordingly, the present invention aims at solving the problem that an unpleasant hairs do not occur after seeding, all seeds germinate evenly and unbalance occurs in germination, and rice seeds are not damaged even when the weather is hot.

본 발명은 복토재를 가벼운 것으로 하되 이와 같은 가벼운 복토재를 팽창질석으로 구성시켜서 되는 상토를 제공한다. 그리고 팽창질석 만으로 되는 복토재는 비분이 부족하므로 부족한 비분을 보충하되, 비분을 혼합하는 과정에서 팽창질석이 파괴되지 아니하도록 가열된 팽창질석에 비분용액을 분사하여 고열의 팽창질석이 식는 과정에서 비분용액의 수분을 증발시켜 팽창질석에 비분이 혼합되게 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 복토재의 제조 방법을 제공한다.The present invention provides a soil which is made of a lightweight earth covering material, and a light earth covering material composed of expanded vermiculite. In addition, since the volcanic ash composed of expanded vermiculite is insufficient, it is supplemented with insufficient amount of water. In the process of mixing the non-water, the non-aqueous solution is sprayed to the heated expanded vermiculite so that the expanded vermiculite is not destroyed. And evaporating the water content of the expanded vermiculite to thereby mix the undissolved particles with the expanded vermiculite.

위와 같은 방법에 의하여 제조되는 복토재는 가벼우므로 볍씨 두께의 4~5배에 이를 정도의 두께로 복토를 할 수 있어, 들뜬모의 발생이나 강한 햇빛에 의한 손상을 방지할 수 있으며, 복토재의 무게가 가벼워 위와 같이 두텁게 복토를 하더라도 볍씨에 중압을 가하지 아니하여 발아율이 좋은 효과가 있다.Since the soil material produced by the above method is light, it is possible to cover the soil with a thickness of about 4 to 5 times the thickness of the rice seed, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of harsh hairs and damage due to strong sunlight, Even if the soil is as thick as above, the germination rate is good because it does not apply heavy pressure to rice seed.

들뜬모의 발생이나 뜨거운 날씨에서의 볍씨 손상은 복토량의 부족에 기인하며, 또 발아의 불량은 복토량 과다로 인한 중압에 의한 것임에 주목하고, 이러한 복토량의 부족은 복토의 두께가 워낙 얇은데다가 얇은 복토를 고르게 시행하는 일이 결코 용이하지 않음에 기인하는 것으로 파악되었다. 그리하여 본 발명은 복토량을 증가시켜 고른 복토 작업을 용이하게 하여 발아율을 고르게 함과 동시에 들뜬모의 발생이나 햇빛에 의한 볍씨 손상을 방지할 수 있게 하며, 복토량을 증가시키더라도 볍씨에 가해지는 압력을 감소시킬 수 있게 하여 발아율의 저하 염려를 해소할 수 있도록, 복토재를 가벼운 것으로 하되 이와 같은 가벼운 복토재를 팽창질석으로 구성시켜서 되는 상토를 제공한다.It has been noted that the occurrence of harsh mocking and the damage of rice seeds in hot weather is caused by the insufficient amount of soil, and that the defects of germination are caused by the heavy pressure due to excessive amount of soil, and the lack of such soil volume is too thin It is understood that it is not easy to apply thin soil evenly. Thus, the present invention increases the amount of soil to facilitate uniform soil work so as to improve the germination rate and to prevent the generation of harsh hairs and the damage of seed seed due to sunlight, and even when the amount of soil is increased, So as to solve the problem of lowering the germination rate, it is possible to provide a soil which is made of lightweight soil and composed of expanded vermiculite.

본 발명의 복토재는 팽창질석 만으로 구성되는 것이 바람직하나 코코피트 및 제오라이트를 포함하는 기타의 물질이 포함될 수 있다.  The soil material of the present invention is preferably composed of expanded vermiculite alone, but other materials including cocofit and zeolite may be included.

팽창질석은 2:1층상 규산염 광물을 고온(800~1100℃도)에서 소성하여 만든다. 이와 같이 소성하면 통상 그 입도가 면 입도가 1~5mm가 되며, 고온에서 층 사이에 있던 수분이 빠지면서 5~12배 정도로 팽창하여 무수한 소 공간들을 가지게 되며 이 공간들로 인해 단열성, 보온성, 흡수성, 통기성 등의 특성을 지니게 된다. 질석은 CEC(Cation Exchange Capacity)가 높고, 보습력 유지 및 양분의 보관창고 역할을 하며, 유익한 미생물이 번식하기에 아주 좋은 조건을 갖추고 있어 미생물 흡착용으로 사용되기도 한다. Expanded vermiculite is made by firing 2: 1 layered silicate minerals at high temperature (800 ~ 1100 ℃). When the firing is carried out in this manner, the particle size is usually 1 to 5 mm, and the moisture between the layers at high temperature is released, expanding to about 5 to 12 times, resulting in an infinitesimal small space. These spaces have heat insulation, And air permeability. The vermiculite has a high CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity), it maintains the moisture retention and serves as a repository for nutrients, and it is also used for microbial adsorption because it has very good conditions for beneficial microbial propagation.

그러나, 팽창질석 자체는 비분을 가지지 아니하여 팽창질석으로 복토를 하게 되면 비분이 부족하여 모의 생육이 비정상적으로 되는 비절현상을 일으킬 염려가 있다. 그렇다고 팽창질석에 비분을 가하여 혼합하게 되면 팽창질석의 파손량이 커서 복토 후 팽창질석이 바람에 날리어 종자가 노출되어 발아 상태가 불량하게 될 수 있다.However, since the expanded vermiculite itself has no beeswax, if it is covered with expanded vermiculite, there is a fear that the beeswax phenomenon which is abnormal due to lack of beeswax may occur. However, when mixed with diluted vermiculite, the amount of the expanded vermiculite is large, so that the expanded vermiculite is blown out after the cover and the seed is exposed and the germination state may become poor.

이에 본 발명은, 팽창질석에 부족한 비료성분이나 계면활성제, 살균제 등을 혼합함에 있어서, 팽창질석에 비료성분 등을 혼합한 후 고른 혼합을 위해 뒤섞지 아니하고, 비료 및 액상영양제 등을 물에 용해시킨 용액(이하 “비분 용액”이라 함)을 팽창질석에 분무하고 건조시킴으로서 비분을 가진 팽창질석으로 되는 복토재를 제공한다.Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method of mixing a fertilizer component, a surfactant, a fungicide, and the like, which are insufficient in expanded vermiculite, with a fertilizer component or the like in expanded vermiculite, (Hereinafter referred to as " non-aqueous solution ") is sprayed onto the expanded vermiculite and dried, thereby providing a covering material which becomes expanded expanded vermiculite.

그러나, 팽창질석은 무수한 기공을 가지므로 보수력이 커서 비분용액이 분사된 팽창질석은 용이하게 건조되지 아니한다. 이에 본 발명은 질석을 팽창시키기 위해 가열한 후 이송하여 냉각시키는 과정에서 질석이 80~100℃에 이르는 때에 상기 비분용액을 분사함으로서 분사된 비분 용액 중 물은 열에 의하여 증발되고 비분은 팽창질석에 혼합되게 하여 별도의 가열 비용을 필요로 하지 아니하면서도 용이하게 비분을 고르게 함침시킬 수 있게 하는 발명을 제공한다. However, since the expanded vermiculite has innumerable pores, the expanded vermiculite sprayed with the undiluted solution is not easily dried because of its high water holding capacity. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for expanding vermiculite by heating and then cooling the vermiculite. The vermiculite solution is sprayed when the vermicite reaches 80 to 100 ° C in the process of cooling the vermiculite. The water is evaporated by heat, To thereby easily impregnate the dewatered water without requiring a separate heating cost.

가열된 팽창 질석에 비분용액을 분사함에 있어, 팽창질석의 온도가 100℃ 이상으로 높으면 비분용액이 고온의 팽창질석에 접하는 순간 급격한 수증기가 발생하면서 수증기가 비분을 동반하여 날아갈 뿐 아니라, 수증기가 폭발적으로 발생되어 팽창 질석 자체가 파손되어 입도가 작아지는 결점이 있다. 그리고 팽창 질석의 온도가 낮으면 비분용액의 기화량이 부족하여 건조도가 낮게 되는 결점을 가지게 된다. When the temperature of the expanded vermiculite is higher than 100 ° C. in spraying the non-aqueous solution to the heated expanded vermiculite, when the non-aqueous solution contacts the high-temperature expanded vermiculite, sudden water vapor is generated and the water vapor is discharged together with the non- And thus the expanded vermiculite itself is broken and the particle size is reduced. When the temperature of the expanded vermiculite is low, the vaporization amount of the non-aqueous solution is insufficient and the drying degree is low.

그리하여 본 발명은 아래와 같은 복토재 제조 방법을 제공한다. Thus, the present invention provides a method for producing a cover material as described below.

본 발명은,  According to the present invention,

질석을 팽창시키기 위하여 질석을 800~1100℃ 으로 가열하여 층 사이에 있던 수분이 빠지면서 5~12배 정도로 팽창하여 무수한 소 공간들을 가지게 하는 팽창질석 제조 단계와,  The method comprising: a step of preparing expanded vermiculite to expand vermiculite to 800 to 1100 ° C to expand water to about 5 to 12 times the amount of moisture between the layers to have infinite number of small spaces;

제조된 팽창질석을 인출하여 콘베어 벨트로 이송하며 냉각시키는 냉각 이송단계와,  A cooling conveying step of withdrawing the manufactured expanded vermiculite and conveying the same to a conveyor belt,

콘베어 벨트로 이송되는 고열의 팽창질석의 온도가 80~100℃에 이르는 것을 탐지해 내는 분사 적절온도 탐지 단계와, An injection suitable temperature detection step for detecting that the temperature of the high-temperature expanded vermiculite transferred to the conveyor belt reaches 80 to 100 DEG C,

물에 비료, 액상영양제, 계면활성제 및 살균제로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 첨가물을 용해시켜 비분용액을 마련하는 비분용액 마련단계와,  A non-aqueous solution preparation step of preparing a non-aqueous solution by dissolving at least one additive selected from a fertilizer, a liquid nutrient, a surfactant and a bactericide in water,

분사적절온도에 이른 상기 팽창질석에 상기 비분용액을 분사하는 비분용액분사단계와, A non-aqueous solution spraying step of spraying the non-aqueous solution to the expanded vermiculite having reached a spraying proper temperature;

비분을 분사시킨 팽창질석을 계속 이송시키어 수분을 증발시키는 수분 제거 단계로 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 복토재 제조 방법을 제공한다. And a water removing step of continuously transferring the expanded vermiculite sprayed with nonsolvent to evaporate water.

이와 같은 발명의 방법으로 제조되는 복토재는, 분사된 비분용액의 건조를 위한 별도의 공정이 필요치 아니하여 제조 비용을 절감할 뿐 아니라 건조 시간을 단축하여 제조 비용을 더욱 절감할 수 있게 하며, 비분과 팽창질석의 혼합을 위해 물리력이 가해지지 아니하여 질석이 파괴되지 아니하여 팽창질석의 분말화 량을 크게 감소시킬 수 있게 하는 효과가 있다.  In addition, the method of the present invention can reduce the manufacturing cost by shortening the drying time and the manufacturing cost by not requiring a separate process for drying the sprayed non- There is an effect that the powdered amount of the expanded vermiculite can be greatly reduced because the physical force is not applied for mixing the expanded vermiculite and the vermiculite is not destroyed.

Claims (1)

질석을 800~1100℃ 으로 가열하여 층 사이에 있던 수분이 빠지면서 5~12배 정도로 팽창하여 무수한 소 공간들을 가지게 하는 팽창질석 제조 단계와,
제조된 팽창질석을 인출하여 콘베어 벨트로 이송하며 냉각시키는 냉각 이송단계와,
콘베어 벨트로 이송되는 고열의 팽창질석의 온도가 80~100℃에 이르는 것을 탐지해 내는 분사 적절 온도 탐지 단계와,
물에 비료, 액상영양제, 계면활성제 및 살균제로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 첨가물을 용해시켜 비분용액을 마련하는 비분용액 마련단계와,
분사 적절 온도에 이른 상기 팽창질석에 상기 비분용액을 분사하는 비분용액분사단계와,
비분용액을 분사시킨 팽창질석을 계속 이송시키어 수분을 증발시키는 수분 제거 단계로 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 복토재 제조 방법.
A step of heating the vermiculite to 800 to 1100 占 폚 to expand water to about 5 to 12 times the amount of moisture between the layers to have infinite number of small spaces;
A cooling conveying step of withdrawing the manufactured expanded vermiculite and conveying the same to a conveyor belt,
An injection suitable temperature detection step for detecting that the temperature of the high-temperature expanded vermiculite transferred to the conveyor belt reaches 80 to 100 DEG C,
A non-aqueous solution preparation step of preparing a non-aqueous solution by dissolving at least one additive selected from a fertilizer, a liquid nutrient, a surfactant and a bactericide in water,
A non-aqueous solution spraying step of spraying the non-aqueous solution to the expanded vermiculite having reached a spraying proper temperature;
And the water is removed by continuously transporting the expanded vermiculite sprayed with the non-aqueous solution to evaporate water.
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