KR101627798B1 - Wireless charging electric vehicle and method thereof - Google Patents

Wireless charging electric vehicle and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101627798B1
KR101627798B1 KR1020150154492A KR20150154492A KR101627798B1 KR 101627798 B1 KR101627798 B1 KR 101627798B1 KR 1020150154492 A KR1020150154492 A KR 1020150154492A KR 20150154492 A KR20150154492 A KR 20150154492A KR 101627798 B1 KR101627798 B1 KR 101627798B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
charging
power
electric vehicle
current collector
current
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KR1020150154492A
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Korean (ko)
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조정구
유효열
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(주)그린파워
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    • B60L11/182—
    • B60L11/1829—
    • B60L11/1855—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • H02J7/025—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
    • B60L2240/461—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A wireless charging electric vehicle according to the present invention is a wireless charging electric vehicle in which electric power is received from a power feeding unit installed on the ground in a magnetic induction manner to charge a battery. The wireless charging electric vehicle includes a plurality of power collection modules Whole house; A driving unit for raising or lowering the current collector with respect to the ground according to whether the vehicle enters the charging zone or the speed of the vehicle; And a controller for connecting the plurality of current collecting modules in series or in parallel or connecting them in series or in parallel according to the magnitude of voltage induced in the plurality of current collecting modules from the power feeder, Is effective not only in stopping the vehicle but also in supplying power efficiently while driving.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a wireless charging electric vehicle,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an electric vehicle and a wireless charging method using wireless power transmission, and more particularly to an electric vehicle having a power collecting device that receives electric power from a power feeding coil of a road, The present invention relates to an electric vehicle and a system using the wireless power transmission in which an electric vehicle can be supplied with electric power efficiently during stopping as well as during stopping by controlling the current collector device up and down .

Today, electric vehicles are attracting attention as new means of transportation. Electric energy is an eco-friendly energy source that can replace existing fossil fuels that cause environmental pollution. Electric vehicles use such electricity as fuel, Does not occur. Therefore, electric vehicles are expected to play an increasing role as eco-friendly vehicles.

Various charging methods are used to charge the battery of the electric vehicle. There are a charging method (plug-in method) in which a cable of a charger installed in a charging station is directly connected to a vehicle, a method in which electromagnetic induction generated by a primary coil and a secondary coil And a non-contact charging method (wireless charging method) using the phenomenon.

Among them, plug-in type has a drawback in that a plug must be plugged in and out every time charging is performed. Especially in the case of a charger installed outdoors, it has a disadvantage that it is much more inconvenient due to snow, rain, wind, and the like. This disadvantage may be a major obstacle to the spread of electric vehicles.

In order to overcome such a problem, a wireless charging method recently proposed uses a magnetic induction function to supply electric power to a current-collecting coil of an electric vehicle from a power-supply coil embedded in a road, and charges the battery. When the wireless charging method is classified according to whether the electric vehicle is driven when charging, it can be divided into charging method during stopping and charging method during running.

The charging method during stoppage is a method in which the electric power is supplied and charged while the electric vehicle is stopped at a bus stop or a parking lot. As a result, the air gap between the power supply coil and the current collector coil can be minimized, On the other hand, when the electric vehicle starts after stopping at the stop for a while, there is a disadvantage that sufficient electric power can not be supplied due to short charging time.

On the other hand, since the electric power is transmitted from the power feeding part while the electric vehicle is running without stopping, the charging method during running can secure a relatively sufficient charging time as compared with the charging method during stoppage. However, since the charging method during traveling requires sufficient air gaps to protect the current collectors from the obstacles on the road, the power transmission efficiency is lower than the charging method during stoppage, and all the feeding coils are installed in the running section of the road There is a problem in that a large cost is required for the vehicle and inconveniences of vehicle traffic due to the lane blocking at the time of construction.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2011-0041795 (April 22, 2011)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle having a power collecting part for receiving electric power from a power feeding coil of a road, And an object of the present invention is to provide an electric automobile and a wireless charging method using a wireless power transmission, in which electric vehicles can be supplied with high efficiency not only during stopping but also during traveling by controlling all of them up and down.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle in which the output voltage of the electric power collecting apparatus varies widely as the electric power collecting apparatus is controlled up and down. By properly controlling the output voltage of the electric power collecting apparatus, The present invention provides an electric vehicle and a wireless charging method using wireless power transmission.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Other objects, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, Be able to

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wirelessly charged electric vehicle including a current collecting part for receiving electric power in a magnetic induction manner from a power feeding part installed on the ground, The control unit controls the current collector of the electric vehicle up and down so that the electric vehicle can be supplied with high efficiency power during stopping as well as during stopping in consideration of the type of coil and the running state of the vehicle.

Further, the output voltage of the current collecting module varies widely by controlling the current collecting unit including a plurality of current collecting modules to receive power from the power feeding unit, and the plurality of current collecting modules may be connected in series or in accordance with the magnitude of the induced voltage. And a control unit for controlling the output of the current collecting unit to be controlled within a predetermined range by controlling the series connection or the parallel connection.

In a wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the current collecting portion includes a current collecting core formed of a magnetic member, each of the plurality of current collecting modules includes: a current collecting coil wound around the current collecting core; A resonance capacitor connected to the current collector; And a rectifying section.

In a wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of current collecting modules includes a current collecting core formed of a magnetic member; A current collecting coil wound around the current collecting core; A resonance capacitor connected to the current collector; And a rectifying section.

In the wireless charging electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the rectifying part performs a regulation function for separately controlling an input current of the current collecting modules or separately controlling an output voltage of the current collecting modules.

In a wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the current collecting unit may include: a first current collecting module to an Nth current collecting module, 2 or more natural numbers); And a first to an (N-1) -th serial-parallel switching unit, wherein the k-th serial-parallel switching unit (k is 1, 2, 3, ..., N-1) of the first to , And is connected between the kth current collecting module and the (k + 1) th collecting module to switch the kth current collecting module and the (k + 1) collecting module to be connected in series or parallel according to the control of the controller.

In a wireless charging electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the first through N-1 serial-parallel switching units includes: a first diode; A switch element whose one end is connected to an anode terminal of the first diode; And a second diode to which a cathode terminal is connected at the other end of the switch element, wherein one end of the anode terminal of the first diode of the k-th serial-to-parallel converter and the one end of the switch element of the first to N- The cathode terminal of the first diode of the kth serial-to-parallel converter is connected to the first terminal of the (k + 1) current collector module, and the first to the (N-1) The cathode terminal of the second diode of the kth serial-to-parallel conversion section and the other terminal of the switch element are connected to the (k + It is preferable to be connected to the second end of the first current collecting module.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wirelessly charged electric vehicle for receiving electric power in a magnetic induction manner from a feeder installed on the ground to charge a battery, A power collecting unit having a plurality of power collection modules for receiving power from the power collecting unit; And a controller for controlling the plurality of current collecting modules to be connected in series or in parallel, or to be connected in series or in parallel, depending on the magnitude of the voltage induced in the plurality of current collecting modules from the power feeder And the electric power is transmitted to the wirelessly-charged electric vehicle in a magnetic induction manner by using a power feed unit installed on the ground, the power supply unit comprising: And a feeding coil for charging during running provided along a road lane longer than a traveling direction of the vehicle along a road lane, wherein the high-frequency current is supplied to the charging power-supply coil during charging or the charging coil for charging during traveling inverter; And a first entry sensor for detecting whether or not the wireless charging electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil during charging or the charging coil for charging during the stopping, wherein the inverter includes a charging power- And the high-frequency current is supplied to the charging power-feeding coil during the stopping operation and the charging coil for charging during traveling.

In the wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, the charging coil for charging during running does not use a power supply core composed of a magnetic member, and the charging power supply coil during the stop is wound on a power supply core made of a magnetic member . However, to prevent induction heating of the surrounding metal body in some sections where there is a possibility that the metal is inductively heated by the magnetic field induced by the power supply coil due to the existence of metal piping on the bottom of the road surface where the charging coil for charging is installed during traveling It is preferable to use a power supply core.

In the wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, the charging coil for charging during running is installed in a lagging section having a high frequency in which the electric charging electric car travels at a constant speed or less, Wherein the charging recharge coil during the stop includes at least one of a station, a crossing press zone, an uphill section, a bus stop entry / entry section, and a child protection zone and a school zone, The stop area preferably includes at least one of a garage, a toll charge, a parking lot, and a stop.

In the wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the current collector further includes a height sensor for measuring a height of the current collector with respect to the ground, wherein the current- A driving unit for raising or lowering the driving unit; A speed sensor for sensing the speed of the wirelessly charged electric vehicle; And a second entry sensor for determining whether the wirelessly charged electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil during the stop or enters the charging power-feeding coil during running, so that the wirelessly- The drive unit lifts the current collector to a first height with respect to the ground, and when the wirelessly-charged electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil during running and travels at a speed lower than the predetermined speed, The electric power collecting unit is lowered to a second height lower than the first height with respect to the ground, and when the wirelessly charged electric vehicle stops at the charging power-feeding coil during the stop, Or lowered to a low third height to perform current collection.

In the wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the current collector includes at least one wheel attached to the current collector such that the height of the current collector is constant with respect to the ground when the current collector is placed on the ground Further comprising: a driving unit that raises or lowers the current collector with respect to the ground; A speed sensor for sensing the speed of the wirelessly charged electric vehicle; And a second entry sensor for determining whether the wirelessly charged electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil during the stop or enters the charging power-feeding coil during running, so that the wirelessly- Wherein the drive unit lifts the current collector against the ground to be brought into close contact with the lower portion of the electric vehicle so that the wirelessly charged electric vehicle enters the charging power- The driving unit causes the electric power collecting unit to be lowered to the ground and to be rolled by the wheels, and when the electric charging electric car stays at the charging electric power supply coil during the stop, .

In the wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the current collector includes at least one wheel; And one or more shafts connecting the at least one wheel and the current collector, wherein the at least one of the at least one shaft and the at least one shaft includes at least one of a driver and a driving unit for raising or lowering the current collector relative to the ground. A speed sensor for sensing the speed of the wirelessly charged electric vehicle; And a second entry sensor for determining whether or not the wirelessly charged electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil or the charging coil for traveling during the stopping, wherein the wirelessly- The driving unit causes the current collecting unit to be raised with respect to the ground, and the at least one shaft portion is bent so that the current collecting unit is further brought into close contact with the lower portion of the electric automobile, When the electric vehicle enters the coil and travels at a speed lower than the predetermined speed, the driving unit causes the electric power collecting unit to be lowered to the ground and to be rolled by the wheels. When the electric charging vehicle stops at the charging power- Bending the shaft portion such that the lower portion of the current collector portion is closer to the paper surface, It is preferable that some or all of them are bent.

Preferably, the wirelessly-charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a bumper installed forward of the current collector to protect the current collector from an obstacle.

In the wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the wirelessly charged electric vehicle further includes an obstacle removing unit installed in front of the current collector in a diagonal or triangular shape, In the case of encountering an obstacle, it is preferable that the obstacle removing means protects the current collector by pushing the obstacle in the road surface in the lateral direction.

The method for wirelessly charging an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method for wirelessly charging an electric vehicle with a wireless charging function, Wherein the delay section includes at least one of an intersection signal waiting area, a crosswalk area, an uphill section, a bus stop entry / exit section, a child protection zone, and a school zone, Wherein the power supply coil is installed in a stationary area where the radio-recharged electric vehicle stays at a predetermined position for a predetermined time or more, wherein the stationary area includes at least one of a garage, a toll charge, a parking lot and a stop, Power is supplied from the charging coil for charging during traveling while traveling at a constant speed or below Class receive, filling phase of driving; And a charging step during a stoppage in which the electric power is supplied from the charging power-feeding coil during the stopping of the wireless-charged electric vehicle for a predetermined time or longer in the stopping section.

An electric vehicle and a wireless charging method using wireless power transmission according to the present invention are characterized in that an electric vehicle having a current collecting device supplied with electric power from a power feeding coil of a road is connected to a power collecting device in consideration of a position of a power feeding coil, So that the electric vehicle can be efficiently supplied with electric power not only during stopping but also during traveling.

1 is a side view showing a wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 and 3 are schematic plan views illustrating a feeding part of a wireless power transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a block diagram of a wirelessly charged electric vehicle of the present invention;
5 is a block diagram showing a current collector according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a current collector module constituting the current collector of Fig. 5; Fig.
FIG. 7 is a detailed circuit diagram for explaining a rectifying section constituting the current collector module of FIG. 6;
Fig. 8 is an example of a case in which two current collecting modules are provided; Fig.
Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b) are explanatory views for explaining the series or parallel coupling of the power collecting module of Fig. 8;
10 is an example of a case in which four current collecting modules are provided;
11 shows all cases in which the power collection modules of Fig. 10 are connected in series or in parallel; Fig.
12 is a side view showing a modified example of the wirelessly charged electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention
Figs. 13 (a) and 13 (b) are plan views of a modification of Fig. 12;
Fig. 14 (a) and Fig. 14 (b) are explanatory views for explaining the operation of folding the shaft portion of the wheel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following detailed description is merely exemplary and is merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention.

1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a wireless charging electric vehicle according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a wireless charging electric vehicle 600 according to the present invention includes a wireless charging electric vehicle (not shown) that receives electric power in a magnetic induction manner from power feeding coils 810 and 820 provided on the ground 700, A power collecting unit 100 for receiving power from the power feeding coils 810 and 820 in a magnetic induction manner and a power supply unit 700 for connecting the power collecting unit 100 to the ground 700 according to the speed of the vehicle, And a driving unit 620 for raising or lowering the driving force. The electric vehicle 600 according to the present invention may further include a bumper 650 installed in front of the current collector 100 to protect the current collector 100 from the obstacle 710.

The electric vehicle 600 according to the present invention raises or lowers the current collector 100 with respect to the ground surface 700 in accordance with the charging area and the speed of the vehicle. 2 shows an example of a chargeable power supply coil 810 during traveling in which an electric vehicle 600 can receive electric power while the electric vehicle 600 is running. In FIG. 3, A charging power supply coil 820 for a stationary vehicle that can be supplied is illustrated. 2 and 3 show an inverter 840 for supplying a high-frequency current to the charging power-feeding coil 810 during charging or the charging power-feeding coil 820 during stoppage.

The charging coil 810 for charging during running is installed in the running zone of the road so that the electric vehicle 600 can receive electric power while driving. Preferably, it can be installed close to an intersection of the road. In the intersection, when the vehicle stops or slows down in the signal waiting state and the signal waiting time becomes longer, the vehicle leaves the intersection by repeating the stopping and slowing down. Therefore, the charging coil 810 for charging is installed in the relatively short section during the intersection There is an advantage that a long charging time can be ensured.

2, only the case where the charging coil 810 for charging during traveling is installed at the intersection is illustrated, but the charging coil 810 for charging during traveling is disposed at a position where the electric car 600 travels at a constant speed or less, And the lane interval includes an area where the vehicle is traveling at a certain speed or less, such as an intersection signal waiting area, a crosswalk area, an uphill section, a bus stop entry / exit section, and a child protection zone and a school zone do.

As shown in FIG. 2, the charging coil 810 for charging during traveling is longer than the length of the traveling direction of the vehicle along the road lane, and is long enough to charge several electric vehicles 600 at the same time desirable. In order to increase the power transmission efficiency, it is desirable to increase the number of windings of the power supply coil, but since the charging power supply coil 810 is long during running, the self inductance is large. Therefore, the number of windings of the charging power-feeding coil 810 during traveling is preferably about 1 to 2 turns in consideration of the length of the charging area.

Fig. 3 illustrates a charging coil 820 for charging during stoppage in a stop 900. As shown in Fig. A plurality of rechargeable power supply coils 820 may be installed in the stopping station 900 so as to be narrower than the floor area of the electric vehicle so that the plurality of electric vehicles 600 can charge the batteries independently of each other. In addition, unlike the charging power supply coil 810 during traveling, the charging power supply coil 820 during the stop can increase the number of windings to increase the power transmission efficiency. The number of windings is a simple design matter that can be appropriately selected by an ordinary technician on the basis of design specifications, so that description thereof will be omitted here. 3 shows a case where the charging coil 820 for charging is installed in the stop 900 of the road. However, the installation place of the charging power supply coil 820 during stopping is not limited to the station 900, The vehicle 600 may be installed in a stationary area that stops at a predetermined position for a predetermined period of time, and the stationary area includes a car, a toll, and a parking lot in addition to the station.

 In the vicinity of the charging coil 810 for charging during traveling and the charging coil 820 for charging during stoppage, it is determined whether the electric vehicle 600 has entered the charging power-feeding coil 810 during traveling, And a first entry sensor 830 for detecting whether the first entry sensor 820 has entered the charging zone in which the second entry sensor 820 is installed. When the first entry sensor 830 is used, the inverter 840 is driven only when the electric vehicle 600 enters the charging power-feeding coil 810 during charging or the charging coil 820 during charging, A high frequency current can be supplied to the power feeding coils 810 and 820 in which the automobile 600 enters.

The charging power supply coil 810 during traveling and the charging power supply coil 820 during stoppage can be wound on a power supply core made of a magnetic member to guide a magnetic flux induced by the high frequency current provided by the inverter. However, since the charging power supply coil 810 during traveling is long as described above and has a large self inductance, the inductance can be increased more than necessary when the power supply coil 810 is wound around the power supply core 850. Therefore, it is preferable that the charging power-feeding coil 810 during traveling is not wound around the power-feeding core 850 and only the charging power-feeding coil 820 is wound around the power-feeding core composed of a magnetic member during stoppage. However, in some sections where there is a possibility that the metal is inductively heated by the magnetic field induced by the power supply coil 810 due to the existence of metal piping or the like on the lower side of the road surface 700 on which the charging power supply coil 810 is installed during traveling, It is preferable to use core 850. In this case, it is preferable that the power feeding core 850 is disposed between the power feeding coil 810 and the metal object, and the power feeding core 850 is not used for the remainder of the charging power feeding coil 810 during running.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating functional components of each component of the wireless charging electric vehicle 600 of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

1 and 4, a wireless charging electric vehicle 600 according to the present invention includes a current collector 100 having a plurality of current collecting modules 200 receiving power from a power feeder in a magnetic induction manner, A height sensor 110 attached to the current collector 100 and measuring the height of the current collector 100 with respect to the ground surface 700 and a height sensor 110 measuring a height of the current collector 100 according to the speed of the vehicle, A speed sensor 640 that senses the speed of the wirelessly charged electric vehicle 600 and a controller 640 that determines whether or not the wirelessly charged electric vehicle 600 enters the charging zone A control unit 400 for controlling the plurality of current collecting modules 200 to be connected in series or in parallel or in a series or parallel combination according to the magnitude of voltage induced from the power feeder ).

The driving unit 620 is a component that controls the height of the current collector 100 based on the type of the charging area and the speed of the vehicle when the electric vehicle 600 enters the charging area. . As described above, the charging zone includes a charging power supply coil 810 during running or a charging power supply coil 820 during stopping. When the electric vehicle 600 travels in an area other than the charging area The driving unit 620 completely lifts the current collecting unit 100 toward the lower portion 610 of the vehicle and protects the current collecting unit 100 from the obstacle 710 on the road.

When the electric vehicle 600 travels beyond a preset speed in the case where the electric vehicle 600 enters the charging zone, the driving unit 620 drives the current collector 100 to the first Lift up to height. The first height may be set to a height at which the driving unit 620 fully lifts the current collector 100 in the direction of the lower portion 610 of the vehicle, as in the case where the electric vehicle 600 travels in an area other than the charging area. When the electric vehicle 600 travels below the predetermined speed in a state where the electric vehicle 600 enters the charging power supply coil 810 during traveling, the driving unit 620 drives the current collector 100 to the ground surface 700 It is lowered to a second height lower than the first height, and then the current is started. When the electric vehicle 600 enters the charging power-feeding coil 820 and stops, the driving unit 620 drives the current collecting unit 100 to the third height equal to or lower than the second height with respect to the ground 700 And the current is collected.

As described above, when the electric vehicle 600 is charged with electric power in the charging zone, the gap between the power feed coils 810 and 820 and the current collector 100 must be kept as close as possible to increase the charging efficiency. In the case where the electric vehicle 600 travels at a constant speed or less in a charging zone in which the charging power feeding coils 810 are installed during traveling, the current collecting unit 100 is lowered and collected. In this case, however, the distance between the current collector 100 and the ground surface 700 is required to protect the current collector 100 by the obstacle 710 on the road or the curvature of the road, It is necessary to maintain a certain level. In order to protect the current collector 100 from the obstacle 710 on the road when the electric vehicle 600 travels below the predetermined speed in the charging area provided with the charging coil 810 during traveling, It is also possible to install the bumper 650 in front of the front part 100. [

When the electric vehicle 600 enters the charging area (for example, a stop, etc.) in which the charging power-feeding coil 820 is installed during stopping, and stops, not the charging power-feeding coil 810 during traveling, The driving unit 620 lowers the current collector 100 to a third height that is lower than the second height to collect current. Here, the third height may be a height at which the current collector 100 is in close contact with the paper surface 700. As described above, the driving unit 620 can control the height of the current collector 100 in three steps, but it is possible to control the height of the current collector 100 in only two steps with the second height and the third height being the same. Also, in the case of controlling in two steps, the second height and the third height may be set to a height as close as possible to the ground surface 700 of the current collector 100. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, by attaching the wheels 120 to the current collector 100, when the electric vehicle 600 travels while traveling the charging power supply coil 810 during traveling, the wheels 120 Can support the current collector 100 so as to maintain a constant gap with the road surface 700. In the case where the electric vehicle 600 stops and stops at the station 900 provided with the charging power supply coil 820 during stoppage, the wheels 120 attached to the current collector 100 are controlled to be folded, It is possible to further improve the charging efficiency by closely contacting the paper 100 to the paper surface 700.

14 (a) and 14 (b) show the case where the electric vehicle 600 stops and stops at the station 900 provided with the charging power supply coil 820 during stoppage, in order to maximize the charging efficiency, 100 to the ground surface 700 is shown.

The current collector 100 may further include at least one wheel 120 and at least one shaft 130 connecting the wheel 120 and the current collector 100 to each other. Thus, when the electric vehicle 600 stops at a charging area where the charging power supply coil 820 is installed during stoppage, if at least one of the shaft portions 130 rotates, some or all of the shaft portions 130 may be rotated before the rotation The lower portion of the current collector 100 can be brought closer to the paper surface 700. [

A method of rotating the shaft 130 of the wheel 120 is a method in which the shaft 130 is folded on a part of the shaft 130 so that the shaft 130 can be folded as shown in Figures 14 (a) and 14 (b) Not shown) so that the wheel 120 can be actively folded around the folded portion using an actuator or the like, or can be folded naturally after being unlocked. Unlike the embodiment shown in Figs. 14 (a) and 14 (b), although not shown in the drawing, a wheel is coupled to one side of a folded shaft portion having a step, So that the shaft 130 is naturally rotated by the weight of the current collector 100 so that the current collector 100 May be brought into close contact with the paper surface 700. Although not shown in the drawings, the current collector 100 can be brought close to the charging reed coil 820 during a stop even when the shaft portion 130 is raised or lowered entirely without rotating the shaft portion 130 In addition to the above-described method, those skilled in the art will be able to achieve the object of bringing the current collector 100 closer to the ground 700 by simple design modification of the above example.

The height sensor 110 measures the height of the current collector 100 with respect to the ground surface 700 and transmits the measured height to the controller 400. The height sensor 110 may be implemented by a known ultrasonic sensor, an infrared sensor, a height sensor, . The controller 400 determines the height of the current collector 100 in response to the charging operation based on the speed of the electric vehicle 600 or the curvature of the road obstacle 710 or the road from the information input from the height sensor 110 It can be raised or lowered to an appropriate height.

The speed sensor 640 is a component that measures the speed of the electric vehicle 600 and transmits the measured speed to the control unit 400. The speed sensor 640 may include a motor control system such as a transmission for controlling an electric motor for driving the vehicle, a rotational speed measuring sensor for measuring the rotational speed of the wheel, and the like. According to the speed information obtained from the speed sensor 640, the control unit 400 can control the driving unit 620 to raise or lower the current collector 100.

The second entry sensor 630 is a component for detecting whether or not the electric vehicle 600 enters a charging zone in which the charging power supply coil 820 or the charging coil for power supply 810 during charging is installed. The control unit 400 controls the driving unit 620 to raise or lower the current collector 100 according to the information obtained from the second entry sensor 630 and the speed information transmitted from the speed sensor 640, The current collector 100 is controlled to perform current collection.

The current collector 100 is a component that receives power from the power feeder in a magnetic induction manner. The current collector 100 includes a plurality of current collecting modules 200 receiving power from a power feeder and generating a voltage and a plurality of current collecting modules 200 connected in series or in series And a height sensor 110 for measuring the height of the current collector 100 with respect to the paper surface 700. The height sensor 110 may be formed of a metal plate or the like. The current collector 100 may be configured to control the height of the current collector 100 in two steps and to set the second height and the third height to a height that is as close as possible to the ground surface 700 of the current collector 100 The electric power source 600 may be mounted on a wheel serving as a support for maintaining the current collector 100 at a predetermined distance from the road surface 700 when the electric vehicle 600 is traveling while traveling along the section of the charging power- 120).

The electric vehicle 600 according to the present invention is proposed to charge the battery in various charging areas. The charging area is largely divided into a section where the charging power-feeding coil 810 is running and a charging power-feeding coil 820, The interval between the current collector 100 and the power feeding coils 810 and 820 varies depending on the speed of the electric vehicle 600 in the charging area and the charging area. The voltage induced in the current collecting module of the front unit 100 also varies depending on each charging environment. The current collector 100 of the present invention may be configured to supply a constant voltage and current to the load 500 including the battery or the electric motor mounted on the electric vehicle 600 even in an environment where the voltage induced in the current collector module fluctuates. Includes a plurality of current collecting modules 200 and one or more series-parallel converting sections for changing a connection relation between the current collecting modules according to an induced voltage. The configuration and operation of the current collector 100 will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 11. FIG.

5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the current collector 100 of the present invention.

5, the current collector 100 according to the present invention includes a plurality of current collecting modules 200, and each of the plurality of current collecting modules 200 includes a first end 203 and a second end 204 (N is a natural number of 2 or more). The first to N < th > The number of power collection modules is not limited, and it is obvious that the skilled artisan can appropriately add or subtract based on design specifications. The current collector unit 100 includes first to N-1th parallel-to-parallel converters 310 to 380, and the k < th > serial-to-parallel converter < And is connected between the kth current collecting module and the (k + 1) th collecting module to switch the kth current collecting module and the (k + 1) collecting module to be connected in series or in parallel with each other under the control of the controller 400. In the above, k is 1, 2, 3, ... , And N-1. As shown in FIG. 5, each of the first through N-1th serial-parallel switching units 310 through 380 is connected between the first through Nth power collecting modules 210 through 290, G2, ..., GN-1 from the first to N-1th gate signals G1, G2, ..., GN-1 .

Each of the plurality of current collection modules 200 includes a current collecting coil 201 in which a voltage is induced by magnetic induction from the feed coils 810 and 820 as shown in Fig. 6, And a rectifying section 202 for outputting the rectified voltage. The rectifying unit 202 may balance the currents flowing in the current collecting coil 201 when the plurality of current collecting modules 200 are coupled in parallel or may be connected to a plurality of current collecting modules 200 when the plurality of current collecting modules 200 are coupled in series. A regulation function may be added to balance the voltages output to the first stage 203 and the second stage 204 of the plasma display panel 200. The circuit implementing the regulation function can be configured in various forms as a known technology, and can be implemented in the form shown in FIG. 7 as an example. 7, the rectifying control unit senses the current flowing through the current collecting coil 201 at the output terminal of the rectifying diode 205, or senses the output voltage of the current collecting module at the second feedback unit, The balance between the currents flowing in the current collecting coil 201 and the balance between the voltages output to the first stage 203 and the second stage 204 of the plurality of current collecting modules 200 And a matching regulation function can be implemented.

The plurality of current collecting modules 200 may be a constitution in which the current collecting coil 201 is wound around the current collecting core 201 for each of the plurality of current collecting modules 200 by respectively having the current collecting coil 201 and the current collecting core made of a magnetic member And the current collecting coil 201 provided in each of the plurality of current collecting modules 200 may be wound by sharing one current collecting core provided in the current collecting part 100. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, each of the plurality of power collection modules 200 may be implemented as a resonance type power conversion circuit including a resonance type capacitor. The matters relating to the resonance type power conversion circuit are beyond the technical scope of the present invention, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

8 and 9 are views for explaining the series or parallel coupling of the current collecting modules in the case where there are two current collecting modules.

8 is a circuit illustrating a case where the current collector 100 is composed of two current collecting modules and one series-parallel switching section. The illustrated current collector 100 includes a first current collecting module and a second current collecting module, and the first end 203 and the second end 204 of each current collecting module are coupled to a first serial-to-parallel converter, 500 are connected between the first stage 203 of the second current collector module and the ground potential.

The first serial-parallel conversion unit includes a first diode D1, a switch element SW1 whose one end is connected to the anode terminal of the first diode D1, and a cathode terminal connected to the other end of the switch element SW1 And a second diode D2. The anode terminal of the first diode D1 and one terminal of the switch element SW1 are connected to the first terminal 203 of the first current collector module and the cathode terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal 203 of the first current collector module (203). The anode terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the second terminal 204 of the first current collector module and the cathode terminal of the second diode D2 and the other terminal of the switch element SW1 are connected to the first terminal of the second current collector module And is connected to the second stage 204.

8, the first serial-parallel switching unit includes the first diode D1, the second diode D2, and one semiconductor switch element SW1. However, the first and second diodes D1 and D2 may be connected in series, It is also possible to replace the switching element SW1 with an active type switching element or replace the switching element SW1 with another type of semiconductor element or relay element. In addition, it is a matter of ordinary skill in the art to make various modifications to the first serial-parallel switching unit in addition to the structure illustrated in FIG. 8 in a known manner.

Fig. 9 (a) is an explanatory view showing a case where the circuit shown in Fig. 8 operates in parallel. When the switch element SW1 of the first serial-to-parallel converter is turned off, the first and second current collectors are electrically connected in parallel to the first and second diodes D1 and D2, Currents I1 and I2 flow through the current collecting module, respectively. At this time, the currents I1 and I2 flowing in the first and second current collecting modules can be controlled by the rectifying function of the rectifying unit 202 provided in the first and second current collecting modules. In the case where the current collecting modules are coupled in parallel, the voltage induced in the current collecting module is relatively large, so that the output voltage Vo of the current collecting unit 100 is lowered or the output current of the current collecting unit 100 is increased This is the case when the electric vehicle 600 of the present invention is stopped and charged to the station 900 equipped with the charging power supply coil 820 during stoppage.

When the first and second current collecting modules are coupled in parallel, the current Io and the voltage Vo on the side of the load 500 are expressed by Equation 1 below.

[ Equation 1 ]

Io = I1 + I2

Vo = V1 = V2

Fig. 9 (b) is an explanatory view showing a case where the circuit shown in Fig. 8 operates in series coupling. When the switch element SW1 of the first serial-parallel switching unit is turned on, the second stage 204 of the second current collector module is connected to the first stage 203 of the first current collector module, A reverse voltage is applied to the second diodes D1 and D2 to be turned off. Accordingly, the same output current Io flows through the first and second current collecting modules. At this time, the current collecting module output voltages V1 and V2 output to the first and second current collecting modules can be controlled by the rectifying function of the rectifying unit 202 provided in the first and second current collecting modules. When the current collecting module is coupled in series, the voltage induced in the current collecting module is relatively small, which is useful when the output voltage Vo of the current collector 100 is to be increased. This is the case when the vehicle is traveling while the road on which the medium-sized power feeding coil 810 is installed is charged.

When the first and second current collecting modules are coupled in series, the current Io and the voltage Vo on the side of the load 500 are expressed by the following equation (2).

& Quot; (2 ) & quot ;

Io = I1 = I2

Vo = V1 + V2

The coupling relationship of the plurality of current collecting modules 200 constituting the current collector 100 of the present invention is not limited to merely serial or parallel coupling, but may be a combination of series coupling and parallel coupling. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a case where four current collecting modules are used to explain the above.

As shown in FIG. 10, the first to fourth power collection modules are coupled by three first to third serial-parallel switching units. The first to third serial-parallel switching units receive the first to third gate signals from the controller 400 and switch the first to fourth power-collecting modules to be connected in series or in parallel. The number of cases in which the current collecting modules are connected in series or in parallel by three gate signals is eight (2 3 = 8).

11 is a diagram showing all cases in which the four current-collecting modules illustrated in FIG. 10 are connected in series or in parallel. The process of connecting the first to fourth current collecting modules in series or in parallel by the gate signal has already been described with reference to the case where there are two current collecting modules in advance, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted. As can be seen from FIG. 11, the current collector 100 of the present invention can obtain output voltages Vo of various sizes by switching the series or parallel coupling between the plurality of current collecting modules 200. In addition, the current collector 100 according to the present invention may be configured such that when a failure occurs in a part of the current collector module (for example, a failure occurs in the current collector module between the first end 203 and the second end 204 of the current collector module, , The power collection module may be switched to a serial or parallel combination so that the normal power collection module may replace the failed power collection module.

Fig. 12 is a side view of an electric vehicle 600 of the present invention, which is a modification of the bumper 650 illustrated in Fig.

The obstacle removing means 660 illustrated in FIG. 12 may be installed in front of the current collector 100 in an oblique or triangular shape. The electric vehicle 600 according to the present invention lowers the current collector 100 and collects current when the charging area in which the charging coil 810 for charging is traveling is running at a constant speed or less. However, in this case, the bumper 650 is installed in front of the current collector 100 in FIG. 1 in order to protect the current collector 100 from the obstacle 710 on the road, An embodiment is shown. However, even if the bumper 650 is used as a means for protecting the current collector 100, the obstacle 710 struck against the bumper 650 is not removed, but is caught between the bumper 650 and the ground 700, There is a side where the front part 100 is not completely protected. However, since the obstacle removing means 660 applied to Fig. 12 instead of the bumper 650 is installed in a diagonal shape or a triangle shape in front of the current collector 100, the obstacle 710 during the running of the electric vehicle 600 The obstacle removing means 660 pushes the obstacle 710 on the road surface 700 in the lateral direction of the electric vehicle 600 by the force that the electric vehicle 600 travels forward, ).

13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating a process of removing an obstacle 710 on the road by the obstacle removing unit 660. FIG. 13 (a) and 13 (b), the obstacle removing means 660 may be oblique with respect to the traveling direction of the electric vehicle 600, It may be triangular to be diagonal. In addition, various modifications within the scope of the technical idea of pushing the obstacle 710 to the side by the running force of the electric vehicle 600 will be possible.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the embodiments described above are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

100: Collector 110: Height sensor
120: Wheel 130: Shaft
200: plural current collecting modules 201: collecting coil
202: rectification part 203: first stage
204: second stage 205: rectifier diode
210 to 290: First to Nth power collection modules 310 to 380: First to N-1th serial-
400: control unit 500: load
600: electric car 610: electric car lower
620: driving unit 630: second entry sensor
640: speed sensor 650: bumper
660: Obstacle removing means 700: ground, road surface
710: Obstacle 810: Feeding coil for charging during traveling
820: Feeding coil for recharging during stoppage 830: 1st entry sensor
840: inverter 850: power supply core
900: Stop SW1: Switch element
D1, D2: First and second diodes, Vo: Collector output voltage

Claims (16)

1. A wirelessly charged electric vehicle including a current collecting portion for receiving electric power in a magnetic induction manner from a power feeding portion provided on the ground,
Wherein the power feeder is provided with a charging coil for charging during running which is installed to be longer than the length of the vehicle along the road lane and wound in an air core with two turns or less, An inverter for supplying alternating current to each of the charging coil for charging during traveling and the charging coil for charging during stopping; And a first entry sensor for determining whether or not the wirelessly charged electric vehicle has entered the charging power-feeding coil during charging,
Wherein the current collecting portion is provided so as to be capable of collecting current from both the charging coil for charging during charging and the charging coil for charging during traveling,
The wireless charging electric vehicle includes:
A driving unit for raising or lowering the current collector with respect to the ground;
A speed sensor for sensing the speed of the wirelessly charged electric vehicle;
Further comprising a second entry sensor for determining whether the wirelessly charged electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil during running or enters the charging power-feeding coil during the stop,
Wherein the drive unit lifts the current collector to a first height with respect to the ground when the wirelessly charged electric vehicle travels over a constant speed and the current collector does not perform the current collecting operation,
When the wireless charging electric vehicle is determined to have entered the charging power-feeding coil during running using the second entry sensor attached to the wirelessly charged electric vehicle and the vehicle travels at a speed lower than the predetermined speed, The charging operation is performed by lowering the entire charging power supply coil to a second height lower than the first height with respect to the ground, and when it is determined that the wireless charging electric vehicle has entered the charging power- Wherein the inverter connected to the charging power-feeding coil during the running performs a feeding operation,
When the electric power supply coil is determined to have stopped using the second entry sensor attached to the wireless charging electric vehicle, the electric power collecting part is lowered to a third height that is equal to or lower than the second height with respect to the ground And the inverter is connected to the charging power-feeding coil during the stoppage, when it is determined that the wireless-charged electric vehicle has entered the charging power-feeding coil during the stoppage using the first entry sensor Of the vehicle.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the current collecting portion includes a plurality of current collecting modules for receiving electric power from the power feeding portion,
And a control unit for controlling the plurality of current collecting modules to be connected in series or in parallel or in a series or parallel combination according to the magnitude of voltage induced in the plurality of current collecting modules from the power feeder.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the current collecting portion includes a current collecting core made of a magnetic member,
Wherein each of the plurality of current collecting modules includes:
A current collecting coil wound around the current collecting core;
A resonance capacitor connected to the current collector; And
And a rectifying section.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein each of the plurality of current collecting modules includes:
A current collecting core made of a magnetic member;
A current collecting coil wound around the current collecting core;
A resonance capacitor connected to the current collector; And
And a rectifying section.
The method according to claim 3 or 4,
Wherein the rectifying unit performs a regulation function for separately controlling an input current of the current collecting modules or separately controlling output voltages of the current collecting modules.
3. The method of claim 2,
The current collector
A first current collecting module to an Nth current collecting module (N is a natural number of 2 or more) each including a first stage and a second stage; And
And first through N-1th serial-parallel switching units,
The kth serial-parallel switching unit (k is 1, 2, 3, ..., N-1) of the first to N-1th serial-parallel switching units is connected between the kth power- And the kth current collecting module and the (k + 1) th collecting module are connected in series or parallel according to the control of the controller.
The method according to claim 6,
Each of the first to (N-1) <
A first diode;
A switch element whose one end is connected to an anode terminal of the first diode; And
And a second diode having a cathode terminal connected to the other end of the switch element,
An anode terminal of the first diode of the k-th parallel-to-serial switching unit and one end of the switch element of the k-th serial-parallel switching unit are connected to a first end of the k-th current collecting module, The cathode terminal of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the (k + 1) current collecting module,
The anode terminal of the second diode of the k-th parallel-to-serial switching unit is connected to the second terminal of the k-th current collecting module, and the cathode of the second diode of the k-th parallel-to- Terminal and the other end of the switch element are connected to the second terminal of the (k + 1) current collector module.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the charging coil for charging during running is installed in a lagging zone, wherein the lagging zone includes at least one of an intersection signal waiting zone, a transit zone, an uphill zone, a bus station entry / exit zone, a child protection zone,
Wherein the rechargeable power supply coil during the stopping operation is installed in a stationary area where the wirelessly charged electric vehicle stops at a predetermined position for a predetermined time or longer and the stationary area includes at least one of a car garage, Wireless charging electric cars.
The method of claim 1, wherein
Wherein the inverter is driven only when the charging rechargeable electric vehicle enters the charging power supply coil for recharging or the charging coil for recharging during the stopping so that the high frequency power is supplied to the charging power- Wherein the electric current is supplied to the battery.
delete The method of claim 1, wherein
Wherein the charging power-feeding coil during traveling has a metal core around the power-feeding coil, and a power-feeding core composed of a magnetic member is disposed between the power-feeding coil and the metal body only in a section where there is a possibility of induction heating, Wherein the core is not used.
The method according to claim 1,
The current collector further includes at least one wheel attached to the current collector such that the height of the current collector is constant with respect to the ground when the current collector is placed on the ground,
Wherein when the wirelessly charged electric vehicle travels at a speed exceeding a predetermined speed, the driving unit lifts the electric current collector against the ground to make it close to the lower portion of the electric car,
Wherein when the wireless charging electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil during traveling and travels at a speed lower than the predetermined speed, the driving unit causes the electric power collecting unit to roll down on the ground,
Wherein when the wirelessly charged electric vehicle stops at the charging power-feeding coil during the stop, the electric power collecting unit lowers the wheels so as to contact the ground and collects the electric power.
The method according to claim 1,
The current collector
One or more wheels; And
Further comprising one or more shafts connecting the at least one wheel and the current collector,
When the wirelessly charged electric vehicle travels at a speed exceeding a predetermined speed, the drive unit lifts up the current collector toward the ground and folds the at least one shaft so that the current collector is further brought into close contact with the lower portion of the electric car
Wherein when the wireless charging electric vehicle enters the charging power-feeding coil during traveling and travels at a speed lower than the predetermined speed, the driving unit causes the electric power collecting unit to roll down on the ground,
Wherein when the wirelessly charged electric vehicle stops at the charging power-feeding coil during the stop, the at least one shaft portion is folded so that the lower portion of the current-collecting portion is closer to the ground surface.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 8 to 9, 11 to 13,
Wherein the wirelessly charged electric vehicle further comprises a bumper provided at a front side of the current collector to protect the current collector from the obstacle.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 8 to 9, 11 to 13,
Wherein the wirelessly charged electric vehicle further includes an obstacle removing means installed in front of the current collector in a diagonal or triangular shape,
Wherein when the obstacle is encountered while the vehicle is running, the obstacle removing means pushes the obstacle on the road surface in the lateral direction to protect the electric power collecting part.
The method for wirelessly charging an electric vehicle according to claim 8,
A charging step during traveling in which the wireless charging electric vehicle is supplied with electric power from the charging power feeding coil during traveling while the electric vehicle is stopped or traveling at a constant speed or less in the lagging period; And
And a charging step during which the electric power is supplied from the charging power-feeding coil during the stopping of the wireless-charged electric vehicle for a predetermined time or longer in the stopping area.
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