KR101603373B1 - Autostereoscopic three dimension image display - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device comprising a base layer formed of a front surface facing a liquid crystal panel and a rear surface opposed to the front surface and a base layer formed integrally with the base layer and reflecting light incident from a light source on a side surface of the liquid crystal panel, To a non-eye-safe three-dimensional display including a reflector including an optical pattern for changing a path.

Description

{AUTOSTEREOSCOPIC THREE DIMENSION IMAGE DISPLAY}

The present invention relates to an unsharp 3D display. More specifically, the present invention solves the problem of cross-talk due to the use of a light guide plate by forming a focus of light on the left and right eyes, which are viewing positions, by using a reflector instead of a light guide plate, Dimensional stereoscopic display that does not require sophisticated work in manufacturing.

The three-dimensional display is a display device that displays a three-dimensional image to a user. As one of the next generation display technologies to replace flat panel displays, 3D display is attracting much attention. The flat panel display basically expresses the image information only in the two-dimensional plane, so that there is a limitation that the stereoscopic effect of the image can not be expressed.

With respect to the non-spectacles three-dimensional display, a conventional non-spectacles three-dimensional display according to US-A-2008-0084513 is shown in Fig. The first light source 12 and the second light source 14 are positioned on both sides of the light guide plate 16 and a three dimensional film 18 having a lenticular lens and an inverse prism pattern combined with each other is positioned on the upper side of the light guide plate, (20). The light emitted from the first light source and the second light source passes through the light guide plate and the three-dimensional film, and the path is changed and refracted to form images on the left eye (EL) and the right eye (ER).

The above method is a Field Sequential 3D method among various methods for realizing the spectacles 3D image. In the liquid crystal panel, the left image and the right image are rapidly displayed at a time difference, and the edge type backlight having both left and right light sources is synchronized with the liquid crystal panel so that the light sources are alternately turned on. For example, when the left image is displayed on the liquid crystal panel, only the left light source of the backlight is turned on, and the emitted light is focused only on the left eye and only on the left eye. Conversely, when the right image is displayed on the liquid crystal panel, the right light source of the backlight is turned on and the right eye is focused.

However, the above method uses a light guide plate to change the path of light, resulting in a high cross-talk. Cross-talk refers to the ratio of the amount of light entering one eye to the amount of light entering the other eye when only one light source is illuminated in a three-dimensional display. Cross-talk is an unavoidable optical characteristic due to the use of a light guide plate. The higher the cross-talk, the more disturbed the binocular parallax, which can hinder the implementation of the three-dimensional image. In order to improve this, there is an improvement effort such as black treatment between light sources. However, it is limited because it can not block the light source, and there is a limit to lowering the cross-talk to 5% or less.

An object of the present invention is to provide an unshown 3D display capable of minimizing cross-talk caused by the use of a light guide plate.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a non-limiting type three-dimensional display capable of enlarging a no-viewing type three-dimensional display and overcoming a quality deterioration problem caused by enlargement of an existing non-limiting type three-dimensional display.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a non-eye-safe three-dimensional display which can be easily manufactured without complicated work by a simple structure and a manufacturing method.

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3-D) non-axial display, comprising: a substrate layer having a front surface facing the liquid crystal panel and a rear surface facing the front surface; And a reflective plate formed on the front surface integrally with the base layer and including an optical pattern for reflecting light incident from a light source on a side surface of the liquid crystal panel to change a path of light.

The present invention provides a non-limiting type three-dimensional display capable of minimizing cross-talk caused by the use of a light guide plate and capable of being enlarged without deteriorating quality. In addition, the present invention provides a non-eye-safe three-dimensional display that can be easily manufactured without complicated work because of its simple structure and manufacturing method.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an unshown 3D display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram of a prism shape having a triangle in cross section in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a prism-like deformed shape which is a curved line of one side or both sides according to the present invention.
4 is an enlarged view of a cross section of a display in which a prism optical pattern having a triangle section is formed in the present invention.
5 is an enlarged view of a part of a section of a display in which a prism optical pattern having a triangle section is formed in the present invention.
6 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which a light source is inserted into a condenser lens.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a light source is inserted into a condenser lens.
8 is a side view of the condenser lens with the light source inserted therein.
9 is a conceptual diagram of an unshown 3D display of another embodiment of the present invention including a condenser lens.
Fig. 10 shows the intensity of light when the condenser lens is used and when it is not used.
11 is a block diagram of the simulation used in the first and second embodiments.
12 is a graph showing a change in the base angle and apex angle in the simulation configuration diagram.
13 is a graph showing a change in the height of the prism in the simulation configuration diagram.
14 (a), 14 (b) and 14 (c) are output angle distributions at positions A, B and C in the simulation in the first embodiment, respectively.
Figs. 15A, 15B, and 15C show emission angle distributions at positions A, B, and C in the simulation according to the second embodiment, respectively.
16 (a), (b) and (c) are output angular distributions at positions A, B and C in the simulation in the third embodiment, respectively.
17 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional spectacle-free three-dimensional display.

The non-axial three-dimensional display of the present invention is a non-light guide plate hollow backlight system display that does not include a light guide plate.

The conventional non-eye-safe three-dimensional display uses a light guide plate to reflect and refract light emitted from a light source and collect it at the viewpoint of the left eye and the right eye. However, the light guide plate causes cross-talk, which may interfere with the binocular parallax, which may interfere with the implementation of the three-dimensional display. Cross-talk refers to the ratio of the amount of light entering one eye to the amount of light entering the other eye when only one light source is illuminated in a three-dimensional display.

The display of the present invention includes a reflector in which an optical pattern is formed instead of a light guide plate. As a result, it is possible to minimize the occurrence of cross-talk, which has been a problem with the light guide plate, and thereby, the 3D implementation can be improved.

The display of the present invention can have a cross-talk of 5% or less, preferably 0-1%.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an unshown 3D display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, the display 100 of the present invention includes a reflection plate 110, a liquid crystal panel 130 opposed to the reflection plate 110, and a light source 120a located on both sides of the liquid crystal panel 130 , 120b.

In the present specification, the left eye (EL), the right eye (ER), the left eye light L1, L2 and L3 and the right eye light R1, R2 and R3 are for convenience sake, The left eye and the right eye of the subject.

The reflective plate 110 includes a base layer 114 composed of a back surface 111, a front surface 112 facing the back surface, and a side surface 113 connecting the back surface and the front surface, And an optical pattern 140 formed on the substrate.

For convenience, the front surface of the substrate layer is defined as a surface facing the liquid crystal panel.

The base layer and the optical pattern may be integrally formed.

A metal may be deposited on the optical pattern. The deposited metal may reflect light emitted from the light source. The reflected light passes through the liquid crystal panel and can be collected into the left eye and the right eye according to the lighting and blinking of the light source.

The optical pattern has a cross section of a predetermined shape. As a result, the light emitted from the light source is reflected at a specific angle according to the arrangement position on the reflection plate, and the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal panel and can be collected into the left eye and the right eye according to the lighting and blinking of the light source.

The optical pattern reflects the light introduced from the first light source and the second light source on the side to change the light path to the right eye and the left eye respectively and the changed light can reach the right eye and the left eye through the liquid crystal panel . The first light source and the second light source are alternately turned on with a parallax and are synchronized with the image of the liquid crystal panel so that the observer can view the three-dimensional image.

In the present specification, the first light source is defined as a left inner light source, and the second light source is defined as a right inner light source.

Specifically, when the first light source 120a is turned on, the reflection plate on which the optical pattern is formed reflects light introduced from the first light source to change the light path to the right eye. By setting the shape and arrangement of the optical patterns formed on the front surface, the light introduced from the first light source is reflected, and the path of the light is changed, thereby allowing the light of the first light source to be collected into the right eye.

Also, when the second light source 120b is turned on, the reflection plate on which the optical pattern is formed changes the light path from the second light source to the left eye, thereby changing the path of light introduced from the second light source, The light from the light source can be collected in the left eye. When the display is driven, the first light source and the second light source are repeatedly turned on and off alternately with a time difference, so that the left and right images can be displayed quickly.

The metal deposited or coated on the optical pattern is not limited, and may be silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), or the like. As the deposition or coating method, a usual method can be used, and for example, plating, CVD and the like can be used.

The deposition thickness of the metal is not limited, and may be from 1 nm to 1000 nm.

The metal to be deposited is in the form of particles, and the average particle size of the metal particles can be from 1 nm to 1000 nm.

The reflector has a mirror reflection characteristic, and the reflectance can be 90-99%, preferably 90-100%. In the above range, the light emitted from the light source is reflected at a specific angle, so that light passing through the liquid crystal panel can be collected into the left eye and the right eye.

The shape of the optical pattern is not limited, and may include, for example, a prism shape having a triangular section, or a triangular shape, a lenticular shape, or a microlens shape having a curved line of one side or both sides. For example, as shown in Fig. 2, a prism-shaped optical pattern 140a having a triangular section or a prism shape 140b having a curved one side or both sides of a triangle as shown in Fig. 3 .

Hereinafter, a prism-shaped optical pattern having a triangular section will be mainly described.

Figs. 4 and 5 are enlarged cross-sectional views of a display in which a prism optical pattern having a triangle section is formed.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the display comprises a substrate layer 114; A reflective plate 110 on which an optical pattern 140 is formed on the base layer 114, a liquid crystal panel 130 opposed to the reflective plate, and light sources 120a and 120b positioned on both sides of the liquid crystal panel.

As shown in Fig. 4, when the base angle formed by the base line adjacent to the light source is α, the base angle is β, and the apex angle which is the remaining angle except for α and β is γ in the prism shape of the optical pattern, As shown,? Can be calculated by the following equation (1).

<Formula 1>

(In the above,? L is the following equation 2 and? E is the following equation 3:

<Formula 2>

(Where H _r is the distance from the front surface of the substrate layer facing the liquid crystal panel to the liquid crystal panel center line, D _L is an extension of the light source in the vertical direction at the position of the light source, Lt; / RTI &gt;

<Formula 3>

(Where Dc is the distance between the point at which light emitted from the light source is reflected by the reflector and the center of the reflector, and H _r is the distance from the front surface of the substrate layer facing the liquid crystal panel to the center line of the liquid crystal panel)

In Fig. 4, β has the same angle as the prism shape α located on the opposite side of the same distance from the center of the reflector. That is, the reflector has a symmetrical shape starting from the center.

The angle? May increase toward the center of the reflector.

In the display of the present invention, alpha of the prism may be 0.1-80 deg., Beta may be 0.1-80 deg., And apex angle gamma may be 10-160 deg.

The pitch Pp of the optical pattern may be 1 占 퐉 to 1000 占 퐉 and the height Hp may be 1 占 퐉 to 1000 占 퐉. Within this range, the light sources emitted from both sides can be collected into the left eye and the right eye.

In the case of a prism shape having a curved line of one side or both sides, as shown in FIG. 3, the curved line may be a gently curved shape, and the k value defined by the following formula 4 may be 1 占 퐉 to 10,000 占 퐉.

<Formula 4>

(Where Hp is the height of the optical pattern,

y and z are the y coordinate and the z coordinate, respectively, when the pitch direction of the prism unit is y direction and the height direction is z direction).

In the reflector, the optical pattern is arranged in a symmetrical structure with respect to the center of the reflector (that is, the center of the liquid crystal panel), so that the light can be balanced with the left and right eyes.

The optical pattern may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the longitudinal direction of the light from the light source is incident.

In the reflector, the number of the optical patterns is not limited. This may vary depending on the length of the reflector, the length of the liquid crystal panel, and the like.

The length Lr of the reflector may be 10 mm-50000 mm, but is not limited thereto.

The length of the reflector is greater than the length of the liquid crystal panel and the ratio of the length of the liquid crystal panel to the length of the reflector is 1/20.

The reflector may be made of a resin having excellent transparency to visible light. For example, polymethyl methacrylate and the like can be produced by injection molding and extrusion, and there is no limitation on the material and the manufacturing method.

The liquid crystal panel is a panel in which a liquid crystal is injected between an upper substrate and a lower substrate and includes TN (twisted nematic) and OCB (optically compensated bend). The liquid crystal panel is an active panel driven by a thin film transistor (TFT) An active matrix panel, or a passive matrix panel. The upper substrate and the lower substrate may be formed of a glass substrate or a plastic substrate.

 The length Ll of the liquid crystal panel may be 10 mm-50000 mm, but is not limited thereto.

 The distance Hr between the reflection plate and the liquid crystal panel may be 1 mm-100 mm, but is not limited thereto.

 The light source is not particularly limited as long as it is a light source used in a display system, for example, an LED light source or a CCFL light source. The light sources are located on both sides of the liquid crystal panel, and alternately turn on and off repeatedly with a time difference.

 The distance GL between the light source and the liquid crystal panel may be 1 mm to 1000 mm, but is not limited thereto.

 The display according to the present invention allows the light for the left eye (L1, L2, L3) and the light for the right eye (R1, R2, R3) to alternately pass through the liquid crystal panel by time division driving, So that the observer can synchronize with the image of the liquid crystal panel so that the observer can view the three-dimensional image.

Further, the display of the present invention may further include a condenser lens to increase the uniformity of light emitted from the light source.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual view showing a state of coupling between a condenser lens and a light source, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a condenser lens and a light source coupled state, and FIG.

6 to 8, a groove 122 is formed in the condenser lens 121 so that the light source 120 can be inserted into the groove. This allows the light emitted from the light source to reach the reflector uniformly through the lens. Several light sources are arranged and arranged in the condenser lens, and the arrangement interval P between the light sources is not limited, but may be 0 mm-5 mm.

Further, a direction control means is further connected to the condenser lens 121 so that the direction of the light source can be changed in the display by adjusting the direction of the condenser lens.

The condensing lens may be provided with a reflection plate for reflecting the light emitted from the light source back to improve the efficiency. 9 is a conceptual diagram of an unshown 3D display of another embodiment of the present invention including a condenser lens. 9, the display of the present invention includes a reflective plate 110, a liquid crystal panel 130 opposed to the reflective plate, and light sources 120a and 120b disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal panel, And a light condensing lens 121. [ A condenser lens in which a light source is inserted on both sides of the reflection plate is arranged and the condenser lens can condense light only in the vertical direction without condensing the light in the direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the light source.

Fig. 10 shows the intensity of the light when the condenser lens is not included (dotted line) and the case where the condenser lens is included (solid line). In the case of the condensing lens, it can be confirmed that the light in the vertical direction of the light source arrangement is considerably condensed.

The refractive index of the condensing lens may be 1.49-1.66, and may be made of polycarbonate resin or the like, but is not limited thereto.

The condensing lens can be used without restriction as long as it is a lens of a material having a usual known condensing function.

Example 1)

11 was performed using LightTools Version 7.2 of the ORA Corporation of the United States. The length Ll of the liquid crystal panel is 111 mm, the length Lr of the reflection plate is 116 mm, the distance Hr between the reflection plate and the liquid crystal panel is 10 mm, the distance GL between the liquid crystal panel and the light source is 5.5 mm, and the pitch Pp of the prism is 0.05 mm. The base angles? And? Of the prism and the vertex angle? Were changed as shown in Fig. 12, the height Hp of the prism was changed as shown in Fig. 13, and the simulation was performed in a state where the first light source was turned on and the second light source was turned on.

Position B is the center of the reflector or liquid crystal panel, and positions A and C are the positions where the distance from the center of the reflector to the end point of the reflector is divided by 2: 1.

The distribution of the emission angle according to position A, position B, and position C is shown in Fig. And the result is the result when the first light source is lit. When the second light source is lit, the result is symmetrical with the result of Fig. As shown in FIG. 14, when the left light source, which is the first light source, is turned on, it can be seen that the light does not enter the left eye. At this time, the luminance difference between positions A, B, and C means uniformity of the liquid crystal panel, and showed a uniformity of about 6.6%.

Example 2)

Simulation is performed in the first embodiment in a state in which the second light source is lit and the first light source is blinking, and the distribution of the exit angle according to the position A, the position B, and the position C is shown in Fig. As shown in Fig. 15, it can be seen that the left and right are symmetrical, and the lights do not invade the right eye. At this time, the luminance difference between positions A, B, and C means uniformity of the liquid crystal panel, and showed a uniformity of about 6.6%.

As described above, by using the reflector in place of the light guide plate in the first and second embodiments, the left light source can be divided into the right eye and the right light source can be combined with the left eye so that they do not invade each other, Can be implemented.

Example 3)

In Example 1, a condenser lens was further included in place of the light source for simulation. The length of the reflector was 116 mm, the length of the condenser lens was 66 mm, the condenser lens was made of polycarbonate with a refractive index of 1.5896, and the light source was an LED light source (SWDA07) manufactured by seoul semiconductor co. As a result of the simulation, as shown in Fig. 16, the uniformity at positions A, B, and C was increased by 14.4% from 6.6% before lens application.

As described above, the light source is condensed by using a lens, and the condensed light is collected by the reflection plate so that the left light source and the right light source do not penetrate each other to the left eye and the right eye, Can be implemented.

In the display system of the embodiment 1-3, the cross-talk is divided into a luminance-based cross-talk and an illumination-based cross-talk.

The value of the cross-talk on the luminance basis differs depending on the measurement position. The cross-talk based on the luminance is obtained by, for example, obtaining the luminance distribution at the center, and then cross-talk based on the left eye is calculated by using the luminance corresponding to the angle required for entering the right eye with respect to the luminance (Lright) Lleft). The illuminance reference cross-talk can obtain the illuminance distribution by position in viewing distance when the illuminance is measured while moving the light detector in the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal panel. Here, the ratio of the right eye (Iright) to the left eye Ileft is the illuminance reference cross-talk.

Also, the luminance-based cross-talk, the illuminance-based cross-talk, and the luminance uniformity were measured in the same manner using the display system using the conventional light guide plate as Comparative Example 1.

 Table 1 summarizes the luminance-based cross-talk, illuminance-based cross-talk, and luminance uniformity measured in the Examples and Comparative Examples.

Luminance criterion
cross-talk (%) Illuminance standard
cross-talk (%) Luminance uniformity (%) Example 1 0 0 6.6 Example 2 0 0 6.6 Example 3 0 0 14.4 Comparative Example 1 8 8 70

As shown in Table 1, the non-eye-safe three-dimensional display of the present invention can lower the cross-talk, which was a problem in a display using a conventional light guide plate, and improve luminance uniformity.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and drawings but may be variously different forms. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments and drawings are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

Claims (16)

A substrate layer having a front surface facing the liquid crystal panel and a rear surface facing the front surface,
And a reflective plate formed on the front surface integrally with the base layer and including an optical pattern for reflecting light incident from a light source on a side surface of the liquid crystal panel to change a path of light,
Wherein the display does not include a light guide plate.
delete 2. The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein a metal is deposited on the optical pattern.
The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 3, wherein the deposition thickness of the metal is 1 nm to 1000 nm.
The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 3, wherein the metal comprises at least one of silver (Ag) and aluminum (Al).
The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the reflectance of the optical pattern is 90-100%.
The three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the optical pattern is a prism having a triangular cross section, a prism having a cross section having one side or both sides of a triangle, a lenticular film, or a microlens type.
2. The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the optical pattern is a prism having a triangle in cross section and a base angle of the prism is?
<Formula 1>

(In the above,? _L is a value of the following equation (2), and? _E is a value of the following equation (3).
<Formula 2>

(Where H _r is the distance from the front surface of the substrate layer facing the liquid crystal panel to the liquid crystal panel center line, D _L is an extension of the light source in the vertical direction at the position of the light source, Lt; / RTI &gt;
<Formula 3>

(Where, D _c is the distance between the point at which light emitted from the light source is reflected by the reflector and the center of the reflector, and H _r is the distance from the front surface of the base layer facing the liquid crystal panel to the center line of the liquid crystal panel).
9. The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 8, wherein the alpha is 0.1-80 DEG.
The non-spectacle three-dimensional display according to claim 8, wherein the apex angle? Of the prism is 10 to 160 degrees.
The non-spectacle three-dimensional display according to claim 8, wherein? Increases toward the center of the reflector.
The three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the optical pattern is arranged in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which light is incident from a light source.
The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the pitch of the optical pattern is 1 탆 to 1000 탆, and the height of the optical pattern is 1 탆 to 1000 탆.
The non-spectacle three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the light source is an LED light source or a CCFL light source.
2. The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the light source is inserted in a condensing lens.
The spectacle-free three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the optical pattern is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the reflection plate.

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