201229562 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種光源模組，特別是指一種應用於 3D立體顯示器的多重視野點指向性光源模組。 【先前技術】 以往三維（3D)立體影像顯示必需配戴3D眼鏡輔助觀看 ’觀看時較不舒適，對於近視族而言也不方便，因此近年201229562 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a light source module, and more particularly to a multi-view point directional light source module applied to a 3D stereoscopic display. [Prior Art] In the past, three-dimensional (3D) stereoscopic image display must be worn with 3D glasses to assist viewing. 'It is less comfortable when viewing. It is not convenient for myopia, so in recent years,
來發展出裸眼3D影像顯示技術，不需要配戴3D眼鏡就能 產生立體視覺效果。其中一種裸眼3D影像顯示技術稱為指 向性背光（directional back light)技術，參閱圖1，此種顯示 器1通常包含一個面板模組u，以及一個設置在該面板模 組11下方的背光模組12，背光模組12包括導光板121、 3D光學膜122等膜片（圖丨僅為簡單示意，未完全緣出所有 膜片），背光模組12還包括兩個背光光源123、124，用來 提供不同射出方向的光線，可分別配合使用者左眼及右眼 使用。 如圖1所示’當顯示器丨顯示右眼畫面時，右眼用的 背光光源123發亮’受財光模組12之光學膜片的控制， 光線只會進人使用者的右眼，使右眼看到晝面。參閱圖2, 類似地’當顯示器1顯示左眼晝面時，左眼用的背光光源 124發亮’此時只有左眼會看到畫面。因此，藉由顯示器^ 交錯地顯示左右眼的影俊金； 幻办像旦面，使左右眼看到不同的影像 ，就能產生3D立體視覺效果。 眼3D立體影像效果，但 雖然指向性背光技術能達到裸 201229562 是其視野點只有兩個（two_View)，光源的有效利用率低，同 時造成3D可觀看的視角狹窄，觀看者只能侷限在特定較小 的觀看範圍内，不利於大尺寸顯示器之應用。在製作上， 該3D光學膜122、光源設計及導光板121上的結構對位必 需較為精準，製造難度及成本都較高、良率不易控制。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種具有多重視野點 (multi-view)、易於製造，並能應用在大尺寸顯示器的3d多 重視野點指向性光源模組。 於是，本發明3D多重視野點指向性光源模組，包含： 一光源，及一與該光源間隔設置的光柵，該光柵包括一入 光面、一與該入光面反向間隔的出光面，以及複數個貫穿 所述入光面及出光面的狹縫’所述狹縫的寬度為12〇nm〜 420nm，相鄰狹縫的間距為12// m〜42// m。 本發明之功效··透過光柵的特殊結構設計，使光源光 線產生多個高斯光場分布，形成多重視野點，提升光源的 有效利用率及3D可觀看視角，有利於大型顯示器的應用。 而且本發明各元件的結構對位精度要求較低，因此製造難 度及製造成本較低，良率易獲得控制。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之二個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 /月楚的呈現《在本發明被詳細描述前，要注意的是，在以 下的說明内容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 201229562 參閱圖3、4 ’本發明3D多重視野點指向性光源模組之 第一較佳實施例包含：一光源2、一光栅3、一反射件4、 一螢光體5、兩個薄膜單元6、7，以及一聚光透鏡 本實施例的光源2是可以發出單一色光的單色發光二 極體（LED)，或單色雷射（iaser)光，單色光可以避免多色光 譜產生的色散（dispersion)，使光柵3及薄膜單元6、7設計 上此夠較為單純化及優化。所述光源2例如藍光LED或藍 光雷射光’其光線波長為440奈米（nm)〜485nm，但實施時 不限於此。光源2發出的光線可以為單一發光角度，也可 以具有多個不同發光角度。 該光栅3與該光源2間隔設置，使光源2的光線通過 後產生干涉現象’該光栅3包括一朝向該光源2的入光面 31、一與該入光面31反向間隔的出光面32，以及複數個貫 穿入光面31及出光面32且為周期性設置的狹縫33，所述 狹縫33的寬度d為120nm〜420nm，相鄰狹縫33的間距t 為12微米（"m)〜42//m。雖然本實施例的光柵3為單層設 計，但實施時也可以為雙層或多層，各層設計或光柵3圖 形可以為對稱或不對稱。而狹縫33的數量與配置是與顯示 器之顯示屏大小（也就是可見發光區）有關，基本上必須均勻 地分布在顯示屏上。 該反射件4設置在該光源2遠離該光柵3之一侧，用 於將光源2的光線朝該光栅3方向反射，反射件4包括一 個具有鏡面反射功能的反射體41，反射體41上的反射結構 對於光源2光線波長的反射率為95%〜99 9%，確保大部分 201229562 的光線能量朝該光柵3傳遞。 該勞光體5是由榮光物質組成，其製作方式例如在一 基材中混合榮光粉’並設置在該光柵3之出光面3 2的一側 ，螢光體5可以受到光源2光線能量的激發而發光，進而 與光源2的光混合成不同色光，使光源2的光線光谱發生 變化，提供預定所須的色光。另外，本發明可以在螢光體5 基材中摻雜具有光擴散功能的粒子，或是在基材表面形成 擴散功能的微結構，使光線通過螢光粉後再通過具擴散粒 子或具擴散結構/圖形的膜材，利用其光擴散效果達到充分 混合光線、調整光場形狀的目的。 所述薄膜單元6位於該光源2及該光栅3間，另一個 薄膜單元7位於該螢光體5遠離該光柵3及光源2的一側 。薄膜單元6、7都包括數層上下堆疊的薄膜61、71，進而 形成500〜1〇〇〇層的多層膜結構，多層膜可以為材料a及 B的兩種薄膜交錯堆疊形成ABABAB…結構，或是由三種 材料A B C形成ABC ABC…結構，或其它形式。而且每 層薄膜61、71厚度為光源2之光線波長的四分之一的奇 數倍（又稱為四分之一波長特性），藉此降低光線反射，提升 光線通過薄膜單元6、7的比例。薄膜單元6、7的功能， 主要是利用在異方向上折射率的相肖或相#，將光線聚光 以補償光線可能會與螢光體5或擴散物質反應而造成的光 色散現象。 該聚光透鏡8設置在該光柵3之出光面32的—側，並 且相對於螢光體5及薄膜單元7遠離該光栅3，利用聚光透 201229562 鏡8的聚光功能可以補償擴散光場及加強光場的指向性。 本發明使用時，光源2發出的光線（第一次入射光π)射 向δ亥下方的薄膜單元6，一部分光線（第一次穿透光丁〇受到 薄膜單元6折射並朝該光柵3入射，另一部分光線（第一次 反射光R1)受到薄膜單元6反射而射向該反射件4，反射件 4再將光線反射成為第二次入射光12，最後光線通過該薄膜 單元6朝該光栅3入射（第二次穿透光T2)。當然，第二次 入射光12也會有部分光線受到薄膜單元6反射，最後形成 第二次入射光’依此類推’還會有其它入射光的形成由 於其原理相同’不再贅述。因此，光源2光線經過薄膜單 元6後’會因為Fresnei界面，經過選定光源2的極化率及 波長的設定後，調整穿透光與反射光的分量，達成單一光 源2形成多次入射的形態，有助於形成更多有效的3d觀測 視野點。 當光線通過該特殊設計的光栅3後，會在光線行進方 向上產生多道特定視角的高斯（Gaussian)光場的分布（亦即所 謂的視野點），再通過螢光體5而使光線光譜產生變化，並 由薄膜單元7及聚光透鏡8聚光以補償光線通過螢光體5 後的色散現象，進而將光線侷限在主要的傳遞方向上。本 發明透過光栅3的結構設計，配合光線的入射角度，在不 同觀測角度上會有六個以上的視野點，達到多重視野點的 效果。 本發明光線射向該光柵3的入光面31的入射角較佳地 為36度〜56度，如此可以使3D可視範圍大於離顯示器兩 201229562 公尺以上的距離，有利於大型顯示器的應用。參閱圖3、5 圖5顯不4種具有不同狹縫間距的光柵3與3D影像成像 距離的關係’其中橫軸代表顯示器前方水平方向左右兩侧 的角度，縱軸代表成像距離，由實驗結果得知，當狭縫的 門巨t各另J為12#111、22以111、32"111、42//111時，酉己合其 狹縫寬度皆為12〇nm到42〇nm之間，以及配合光線射向光 柵3的入射角設計，使3D影像的成像距離皆大於2公尺。 因此，本發明應用於3D顯示器時，使光源2的入射光 線在顯示器前產生多道高斯光場分布，加上配合左右眼的 觀看而設計光源2的參數，隨著不同時間點的開或關或調 整光線亮度，配合液晶玻璃上的影像，讓使用者不需配戴 3D眼鏡，就可以因為左右眼觀看到不同影像而產生影 像的視覺效果。 參閱圖6，本發明3D多重視野點指向性光源模組之第 一較佳實施例與該第一較佳實施例不同的地方在於：本實 施例的榮光體5是填充在光柵3的狹縫33内，如此同樣可 以使通過螢光體5的光線光譜產生變化。 綜上所述，透過光柵3的特殊結構設計，使光源2光 線產生多個高斯光場分布，形成多重視野點，提升光源的 有效利用率及3D可觀看視角，有利於大型顯示器的應用。 而且本發明不須設置如先前技術所述的3D光學膜，各元件 的結構對位精度要求也較低，因此本發明的製造難度及製 造成本較低’良率易獲得控制。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 201229562 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是-示意圓，顯示一種已知30顯示器呈現右眼畫 面的狀態； 圖2是一類似圖！的示意圖，顯示3D顯示器呈現左眼 畫面的狀態； 圖3是一示意圖，顯示本發明3D多重視野點指向性光 源模組之一第一較佳實施例； 圖4是該第一較佳實施例的部分元件示意圖同時顯 示光線的行進路徑； 圖5是一成像距離_角度關係圖，顯示4種具有不同狹 縫間距的光柵與影像成像距離的關係；及 圖6是一示意圖，顯示本發明3D多重視野點指向性光 源模組之一第二較佳實施例。 201229562 【主要元件符號說明】 2 ...... —光源 61 、 71· •薄膜 3…… …·光柵 8 ......... •聚光透鏡 31 ···.· —入光面 d ......... •狹縫的寬度 32••… …·出光面 t.......... •狹縫的間距 33···. …·狹縫 11 ........ •第 次入射光 4…… •…反射件 12........ •第二次入射光 41··..· •…反射體 R1 ....... •第一次反射光 5…… •…螢光體 τι....... •第一次穿透光 6 ' 7 · ……薄膜單元 Τ2 ....... •第二次穿透光 10To develop a naked-eye 3D image display technology, stereoscopic visual effects can be produced without wearing 3D glasses. One of the naked-eye 3D image display technologies is called a directional back light technology. Referring to FIG. 1 , the display 1 generally includes a panel module u and a backlight module 12 disposed under the panel module 11 . The backlight module 12 includes a diaphragm such as a light guide plate 121 and a 3D optical film 122 (the figure is only a simple illustration, and all the diaphragms are not completely separated), and the backlight module 12 further includes two backlight sources 123 and 124 for Provides different directions of light for the left and right eyes of the user. As shown in FIG. 1 'When the display 丨 displays the right eye picture, the backlight source 123 for the right eye is illuminated'. Under the control of the optical film of the financial module 12, the light only enters the right eye of the user, so that The right eye sees the face. Referring to Fig. 2, similarly, when the display 1 displays the left eye face, the backlight source 124 for the left eye is illuminated. Only the left eye will see the picture. Therefore, by the display ^ staggered display of the left and right eyes of the shadow of the gold; phantom to face, so that the left and right eyes to see different images, can produce 3D stereoscopic effects. Eye 3D stereoscopic image effect, but although the directional backlight technology can reach bare 201229562, its view point is only two (two_View), the effective utilization of the light source is low, and the 3D viewable view angle is narrow, the viewer can only be limited to specific The smaller viewing range is not conducive to the application of large-size displays. In the production, the 3D optical film 122, the light source design and the structure alignment on the light guide plate 121 must be relatively precise, the manufacturing difficulty and cost are high, and the yield is difficult to control. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a 3D multi-view point directional light source module having a multi-view, easy to manufacture, and can be applied to a large-sized display. Therefore, the 3D multi-viewpoint directional light source module of the present invention comprises: a light source, and a grating spaced apart from the light source, the grating comprising a light incident surface and a light exit surface spaced opposite to the light incident surface, And a plurality of slits penetrating through the light-incident surface and the light-emitting surface, wherein the slit has a width of 12 〇 nm to 420 nm, and a pitch of adjacent slits is 12//m to 42 // m. The effect of the invention·· Through the special structural design of the grating, the source light line generates a plurality of Gaussian light field distributions, forming multiple field of view points, improving the effective utilization of the light source and the 3D viewable angle, which is beneficial to the application of large displays. Moreover, the structural alignment accuracy requirements of the components of the present invention are low, so that the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are low, and the yield is easily controlled. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the accompanying drawings. It is to be noted that in the following description, like elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. 201229562 Referring to Figures 3 and 4, a first preferred embodiment of the 3D multi-viewpoint directional light source module of the present invention comprises: a light source 2, a grating 3, a reflecting member 4, a phosphor 5, and two thin film units. 6, 7, and a concentrating lens The light source 2 of the present embodiment is a monochromatic light-emitting diode (LED) or a monochromatic laser light that can emit a single color light, and the monochromatic light can avoid multi-color spectrum generation. The dispersion makes the grating 3 and the thin film units 6, 7 design relatively simplistic and optimized. The light source 2 such as a blue LED or a blue laser light has a light wavelength of 440 nm to 485 nm, but is not limited thereto. The light emitted by the light source 2 may be a single illumination angle or may have a plurality of different illumination angles. The grating 3 is spaced apart from the light source 2 to cause an interference phenomenon after the light of the light source 2 passes. The grating 3 includes a light incident surface 31 facing the light source 2 and a light exit surface 32 spaced opposite to the light incident surface 31. And a plurality of slits 33 penetrating through the light incident surface 31 and the light exit surface 32 and having a periodicity, the width d of the slit 33 is 120 nm to 420 nm, and the pitch t of the adjacent slits 33 is 12 micrometers (" m) ~42//m. Although the grating 3 of the present embodiment is of a single layer design, it may be double-layered or multi-layered in implementation, and the design of each layer or the pattern of the grating 3 may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. The number and configuration of the slits 33 is related to the size of the display screen of the display (i.e., the visible light-emitting area) and must be uniformly distributed on the display screen. The reflector 4 is disposed on a side of the light source 2 away from the grating 3 for reflecting the light of the light source 2 toward the grating 3. The reflector 4 includes a reflector 41 having a specular reflection function on the reflector 41. The reflection structure has a reflectance of 95% to 99 9% for the wavelength of the light source 2, ensuring that most of the light energy of 201229562 is transmitted toward the grating 3. The working body 5 is composed of a glory material, which is prepared, for example, by mixing glory powder in a substrate and disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface 3 2 of the grating 3, and the phosphor 5 can receive light energy from the light source 2. The light is excited to emit light, and then mixed with the light of the light source 2 to form a different color light, so that the light spectrum of the light source 2 is changed to provide a predetermined color light. In addition, the present invention can dope the phosphor 5 substrate with a light diffusing function, or form a diffusion function microstructure on the surface of the substrate, so that the light passes through the phosphor powder and then passes through the diffusing particles or diffuses. The structure/pattern of the film uses its light diffusion effect to achieve the purpose of fully mixing the light and adjusting the shape of the light field. The thin film unit 6 is located between the light source 2 and the grating 3, and the other thin film unit 7 is located on a side of the phosphor 5 away from the grating 3 and the light source 2. The thin film units 6, 7 each comprise a plurality of layers 61, 71 stacked on top of each other, thereby forming a multilayer film structure of 500 to 1 〇〇〇 layer, and the multilayer film may be alternately stacked to form an ABABAB... structure for the two films of materials a and B. Or the ABC ABC... structure, or other form, is formed from three materials ABC. Moreover, each layer of film 61, 71 is an odd multiple of a quarter of the wavelength of the light source 2 (also known as a quarter-wavelength characteristic), thereby reducing the reflection of light and enhancing the passage of light through the film units 6, 7. proportion. The function of the thin film units 6, 7 is mainly to use the phase or phase # of the refractive index in the opposite direction to condense the light to compensate for the light dispersion caused by the light possibly reacting with the phosphor 5 or the diffusing substance. The condensing lens 8 is disposed on the side of the light-emitting surface 32 of the grating 3, and is away from the grating 3 with respect to the phosphor 5 and the thin film unit 7. The condensing function of the condensing lens 201229562 can compensate the diffused light field. And strengthen the directivity of the light field. When the invention is used, the light emitted by the light source 2 (the first incident light π) is directed toward the thin film unit 6 below the δ, a part of the light (the first time the light is refracted by the thin film unit 6 and incident on the grating 3) Another portion of the light (the first reflected light R1) is reflected by the thin film unit 6 and is incident on the reflective member 4. The reflective member 4 reflects the light into the second incident light 12, and finally the light passes through the thin film unit 6 toward the grating. 3 Incident (second pass light T2). Of course, the second incident light 12 will also have some light reflected by the thin film unit 6, and finally form a second incident light 'and so on' and other incident light. The formation is the same as the principle of 'the same. Therefore, after the light source 2 passes through the thin film unit 6, the polarized light and the wavelength of the selected light source 2 are adjusted by the Fresnei interface, and the components of the transmitted light and the reflected light are adjusted. Achieving multiple incident forms of a single light source 2 helps to form more effective 3d viewing field points. When light passes through the specially designed grating 3, multiple specific viewing angles are generated in the direction of light travel. The distribution of the Gaussian light field (also called the so-called field of view), the light spectrum is changed by the phosphor 5, and concentrated by the thin film unit 7 and the collecting lens 8 to compensate the light passing through the phosphor 5 After the dispersion phenomenon, the light is confined to the main transmission direction. The structure of the grating 3 is matched with the incident angle of the light, and there are more than six visual field points at different observation angles, reaching multiple viewpoint points. The incident angle of the light incident on the light incident surface 31 of the grating 3 is preferably 36 degrees to 56 degrees, so that the 3D visible range is greater than the distance from the display to more than 201229562 meters, which is advantageous for large displays. Application. Refer to Figure 3, 5 Figure 5 shows the relationship between the grating 3 and the 3D image imaging distance with different slit spacings. 'The horizontal axis represents the angle of the left and right sides of the horizontal direction in front of the display, and the vertical axis represents the imaging distance. The experimental results show that when the gate giants of the slits are different from 12#111 and 22 to 111, 32"111, 42//111, the width of the slits is 12〇nm to 42〇nm. Between, and The incident angle of the combined light to the grating 3 is designed such that the imaging distance of the 3D image is greater than 2 meters. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to the 3D display, the incident light of the light source 2 generates multiple Gaussian light field distributions in front of the display. In addition, the parameters of the light source 2 are designed to match the viewing of the left and right eyes, and the brightness of the light is turned on or off at different time points, and the image on the liquid crystal glass is used so that the user does not need to wear the 3D glasses, and the left and right eyes can be used. The visual effect of the image is generated by viewing different images. Referring to FIG. 6, the first preferred embodiment of the 3D multi-viewpoint directional light source module of the present invention is different from the first preferred embodiment in the following embodiments: The glare body 5 is filled in the slit 33 of the grating 3, so that the spectrum of the light passing through the phosphor 5 can be changed as well. In summary, through the special structural design of the grating 3, the light source 2 generates a plurality of Gaussian light field distributions, forming multiple fields of view, improving the effective utilization of the light source and the 3D viewable angle, which is beneficial to the application of large displays. Moreover, the present invention does not require the provision of a 3D optical film as described in the prior art, and the structural alignment accuracy requirements of the respective elements are also low, so that the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost of the present invention are easy to obtain control. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to 201229562, that is, the simple equivalent change of the patent application scope and the description of the invention is Modifications are still within the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic circle showing a state in which a known 30 display presents a right eye picture; Fig. 2 is a similar view! Figure 3 is a schematic view showing a first preferred embodiment of a 3D multi-viewpoint directional light source module of the present invention; Figure 4 is a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; A schematic diagram of a part of the components simultaneously shows the traveling path of the light; FIG. 5 is an imaging distance_angle relationship diagram showing the relationship between the four kinds of gratings having different slit pitches and the image imaging distance; and FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the 3D of the present invention. A second preferred embodiment of a multi-viewpoint directional light source module. 201229562 [Explanation of main component symbols] 2 ...... - Light source 61, 71· • Thin film 3... ... grating 8 ......... • Condenser lens 31 ···.· — Smooth surface d ......... • Width of the slit 32••...·lighting surface t.......... • Slit spacing 33···....·slit 11 ........ • The first incident light 4... • The reflective member 12... • The second incident light 41······...the reflector R1 ... .... • First reflected light 5... •... Fluorescent body τι....... • First transmitted light 6 ' 7 · ...... Thin film unit . 2 ....... • Second penetration light 10