KR101571235B1 - Apparatus for the preparation of synthesis gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a synthetic natural gas production apparatus, and a technical problem to be solved is to provide a method for producing synthetic natural gas by generating carbon dioxide by absorbing the reaction heat of the methanation unit and driving the turbine connected to the compressor, Since the carbon dioxide discharged from the turbine can be transferred to and stored in a storage tank, it is possible to simplify the configuration of the apparatus without requiring a separate cooling structure for reducing the temperature of the methanation unit. And to improve the economic efficiency by increasing the production amount.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS [0002]

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing synthetic natural gas.

The equipment and process for producing synthetic natural gas (SNG) means a technology for synthesizing methane (CH4), which is a main component of natural gas, using coal as a raw material.

Generally, in order to generate methane (CH4), synthesis gas synthesized by the reaction of coal and oxygen is produced, and unnecessary gas is separated and discharged. Thereafter, methanation reaction is performed in the methanation apparatus, Can be generated.

However, in the methanation unit, the temperature of the methanation unit may rise due to heat generation during the methanation reaction, and in this case, the yield of synthetic natural gas production may be lowered. To prevent this, a heat exchanger may be provided in the methanation apparatus, and the temperature of the methanation apparatus may be reduced by supplying cooling water to the heat exchanger. However, in order to reuse the cooling water used in the methanation apparatus, the temperature in the methanation apparatus is increased by circulation, so that a separate heat exchanger for converting the vaporized cooling water into water is further required, and efficiency can be reduced.

[0006]

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for generating electricity by absorbing the reaction heat of a methanator, , The carbon dioxide discharged from the turbine can be transferred to and stored in a storage tank. Therefore, the system configuration can be simplified by eliminating the need for a separate cooling structure for reducing the temperature of the methanation unit, and by using the carbon dioxide And to provide an apparatus for producing synthetic natural gas capable of increasing the power generation amount and improving the economical efficiency.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a synthetic natural gas producing apparatus comprising: a gasifier for producing a synthesis gas by the reaction of oxygen and coal; and a gasifier for separating hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas, A gasifier connected to the acidic gas removing device and connected to the acidic gas removing device for receiving the purified carbon dioxide, And a heat exchanger for absorbing the heat of reaction generated in the methanation reaction in the compressed carbon dioxide applied by the compressor, and a catalytic converter connected to the compressor and the methanation device, The expansion of the carbon dioxide, whose temperature has been increased in the methanation apparatus, Generation, and it may include a turbine for driving the compressor by the power.

The gasifier may further include an air separator connected to the gasifier for separating the air into oxygen and nitrogen to supply oxygen to the gasifier.

A water gas switching device connected between the gasifier and the acidic gas removing device for controlling the hydrogen / carbon monoxide ratio in the syngas produced in the gasifier to have a value of 3 to 3.5, As shown in FIG.

The acid gas removing unit separates and discharges hydrogen sulfide from the synthesis gas to be supplied from the water gas shift converter, separates carbon dioxide partially and applies the separated gas to the compressor, generates a synthesis gas in which the hydrogen sulfide and the carbon dioxide are purified, Can be applied to the methanation device.

And a generator connected to the turbine to convert the power generated by the turbine into electric power and store the converted power.

The compressor may pressurize the carbon dioxide separated and discharged from the acidic gas removing unit to a supercritical state or more.

And a reservoir connected to the turbine to generate power from the turbine by the carbon dioxide heated by the heat exchange in the methanator and to store the carbon dioxide discharged.

In the synthetic natural gas production apparatus according to the present invention, the reaction heat of the methanation unit is absorbed by the compressed carbon dioxide, and after the temperature is increased, the turbine connected to the compressor is operated to generate electric power and store it in the electric generator. It is possible to simplify the structure of the apparatus because it does not require a separate cooling structure for reducing the temperature of the methanation unit and can improve the economical efficiency by increasing the power generation amount by using the carbon dioxide raised to the high temperature .

1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for producing synthetic natural gas according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention are described in order to more fully explain the present invention to those skilled in the art, and the following embodiments may be modified in various other forms, The present invention is not limited to the embodiment. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more faithful and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

In the following drawings, thickness and size of each layer are exaggerated for convenience and clarity of description, and the same reference numerals denote the same elements in the drawings. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed items.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include singular forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, " comprise "and / or" comprising "when used herein should be interpreted as specifying the presence of stated shapes, numbers, steps, operations, elements, elements, and / And does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, elements, and / or groups.

Although the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or portions, these members, components, regions, layers and / It is obvious that no. These terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer or section described below may refer to a second member, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a block diagram illustrating a synthesis natural gas production system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

1, the apparatus for producing natural gas 100 includes an air separation unit 110, a gasifier 120, a water gas shift unit 130, an acid gas removal unit 140, a compressor 150, A methanator 160, a turbine 170, a generator 180 and a reservoir 190.

The air separator 110 is connected to the gasifier 120 and receives the air A to separate it into oxygen O2, B and nitrogen N2. The air separator 110 applies separated oxygen (O 2) to the gasifier 120.

The gasifier 120 is connected between the air separator 110 and the water gas shift device 130. The gasifier 120 receives coal (C) and oxygen (B) supplied separately from the air separation unit (110). In the gasifier 120, the coal C and the oxygen B react with each other to produce a syngas D1 having carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), and carbon dioxide (CO2).

The water gas shift device 130 is connected between the gasifier 120 and the acid gas removal device 140. The water gas shift device 130 receives a synthesis gas D1 generated by the gasifier 120 and a synthesis gas (H2) / carbon monoxide (CO) controlled to have a value of 3 to 3.5 D2.

The acid gas removing device 140 is connected to the water gas shift device 130, the compressor 150, and the methanator 160. The acid gas removing device 140 receives synthesis gas D2 generated in the water gas shift device 130 and separates a part of the hydrogen sulfide F and H2S and the carbon dioxide E1 and CO2 to obtain a purified synthesis Thereby generating gas D3. More specifically, the acidic gas removal unit 140 separates and discharges hydrogen sulfide F from the syngas D2, separates some carbon dioxide E1 and applies it to the compressor 150, and hydrogen sulfide F Synthesis gas D3 in which carbon dioxide (E1) is purified is applied to the methanation apparatus 160. [

The compressor 150 is connected to the acid gas removal unit 140, the methanation unit 160 and the turbine 170. The compressor 150 receives the carbon dioxide E1 discharged from the acidic gas removal unit 140, compresses it for transportation and storage, and applies the compressed gas to the methanation unit 160. The compressor 150 pressurizes the carbon dioxide E1 to a supercritical state (not less than 40 ° C and not less than 22 MPa). The compressor 150 may be connected to the turbine 170 by one shaft and may be driven by the power of the turbine 170. That is, the compressor 150 may be mechanically connected to the turbine 170.

The methanation apparatus 160 generates and discharges the synthetic natural gas D through the methanation reaction of the synthesis gas D3 discharged from the acid gas removal apparatus 140. [ Here, the methanation reaction is represented by Equation 1 below.

The methanation reaction may be carried out by generating (1) methane (CH 4) and water (H 2 O) as natural gas (D) by reaction of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2) Methane (CH4) and water (H2O), which are natural gas (D), can be generated (2) Such a methanation reaction may entail fever, such as a reaction heat of 206 kJ / mol or 165 kJ / mol. However, the temperature of the methanation reactor 160 may rise during the methanation reaction. When the temperature rises (400 to 600 ° C), the yield of the synthetic natural gas D is lowered and the temperature of the methane- It is important to keep the temperature below 300 ℃.

In other words, the methanator 160 includes a heat exchanger 161 inside the methanator 160 to maintain the temperature of the methanator 160 below the reference temperature. The heat exchanger 161 exchanges heat between the high temperature by the methanation reaction and the compressed carbon dioxide E2 applied through the compressor 150 to reduce the temperature of the methanator 160 to a temperature below the reference temperature. That is, the carbon dioxide E2 compressed by the compressor 150 is heated by absorbing heat of the methanation reaction in the methanator 160, and then is applied to the turbine 170.

The turbine 170 is connected to the compressor 150, the methanator 160, the generator 180, and the reservoir 190. The turbine 170 is supplied with the carbon dioxide E3 heated by the methanator 160. The turbine 170 can generate power in the generator 180 by the generated power while the heated carbon dioxide E3 expands, and the generated power can be stored. Here, the turbine 170 and the generator 180 are electrically connected. The turbine 170 may be a high rotation (20,000 to 30,000 rpm) turbine, but is not limited thereto.

Also, the carbon dioxide E discharged from the turbine 170 after generating power is transferred to the reservoir 190 with pressure for transportation and storage.

The synthetic natural gas producing apparatus 100 generates electricity by driving the turbine 170 connected to the compressor 150 after the temperature of the reaction gas of the methanation unit 160 is absorbed by the compressed carbon dioxide E2, The carbon dioxide E discharged from the turbine 170 may be transferred to and stored in the storage tank 190 so that a separate cooler structure for reducing the temperature of the methanator 160 is required It is possible to simplify the equipment configuration and increase the electric power production amount, thereby improving the economical efficiency.

It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

100; Synthetic natural gas production equipment
110; Air separation device 120; Gasifier
130; A water gas shift device 140; Acid gas removal device
150; Compressor 160; Methanation device
170; Turbine 180; generator
190; Storage tank

Claims (7)

A gasifier for generating a syngas by the reaction of oxygen and coal;
An acidic gas removal device for separating hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas to produce a purified synthesis gas;
A compressor connected to the acidic gas removal unit for supplying the separated carbon dioxide and compressing the separated carbon dioxide;
The natural gas produced by the methanation reaction is supplied to the acid gas removing unit through the acid gas removing unit, and the purified natural gas is generated by the methanation reaction, A methanator having a heat exchanger to absorb heat from the heat exchanger; And
And a turbine connected to the compressor and the methanator to generate power by expansion of the carbon dioxide whose temperature has been increased in the methanator and to drive the compressor by the power. Gas production device. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising an air separator connected to the gasifier for separating the air into oxygen and nitrogen to supply oxygen to the gasifier. The method according to claim 1,
A gasifier connected between the gasifier and the acid gas removal device,
Further comprising a water gas switching device for controlling the hydrogen / carbon monoxide ratio of the syngas produced in the gasifier to have a value of 3 to 3.5 and supplying the control gas to the acid gas removing device Device. The method of claim 3,
The acid gas removing device
Separating and discharging hydrogen sulfide from the syngas to be supplied from the water gas shift converter, separating and applying carbon dioxide to the compressor, generating a syngas in which the hydrogen sulfide and the carbon dioxide are purified, and applying the generated synthesis gas to the methanation apparatus Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 1, < / RTI > The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a generator connected to the turbine to convert the power generated by the turbine into electric power and store the converted power. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the compressor pressurizes the carbon dioxide separated and discharged from the acidic gas removing unit to a supercritical state or more. The method according to claim 1,
Connected to the turbine,
Further comprising: a reservoir for generating power from the turbine by the carbon dioxide heated by the heat exchange in the methanator and storing the carbon dioxide discharged from the turbine.

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