KR101555322B1 - Charge/discharge system and method for recycling battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and a method for recycling a battery. The charging/discharging system for recycling a battery comprises: a thermal imaging camera to measure heat generated when charging/discharging the battery; a user interface unit to output information about the heat measured by the thermal imaging camera, and receive a command for charging or discharging the battery; an inverter to operate in a charging mode to convert an alternating current voltage of a system into a direct current voltage or in a discharging mode to convert a direct current voltage outputted from a converter into the alternating current voltage of the system according to the command for charging or discharging from the user interface unit or a resistance discharger; the converter to operate in a charging mode to convert the direct current voltage from the inverter into a charging voltage of the battery or in a discharging mode to convert an output voltage of the battery into the direct current voltage according to the command for charging or discharging from the user interface unit or the resistance discharger; and the resistance discharger which measures a module voltage of the battery disassembled into module units, classifies each module as re-manufacturing or recycling based on the measured module voltage, and classifies the module classified as re-manufacturing as electric vehicle use or energy storage system (ESS) use based on a state of health (SOH) of the module unit battery.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charge /

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging and discharging system and method for recycling a battery, and more particularly, to a charging and discharging system for recycling or recycling a large- And methods.

Generally, a battery means charging electrical energy with chemical energy and discharging the charged chemical energy with electrical energy.

The large-capacity battery is expensive enough to occupy more than 40% of an electric vehicle. It can extract lithium and polymer even after the end of its life, and can be used for ESS (energy storage) . Electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries have a life span of 8 to 10 years.

However, such a battery repeatedly charges and discharges repeatedly. If the storage capacity is decreased, it may interfere with the operation of the vehicle, and if the battery is discharged at the end of its life, it becomes an environmental pollutant.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1259513, entitled "

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a charge and discharge system and method for recycling a battery, which enables recycling or remanufacturing of a large-capacity battery with degraded performance.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image forming apparatus including: an infrared camera for measuring heat generated during charging and discharging of a battery; information outputting means for outputting information on a column measured by the thermal imaging camera; A charging mode in which the AC voltage of the system is converted into a DC voltage or a discharging mode in which the DC voltage outputted from the converter is converted into a system AC voltage in response to a charging or discharging command from the user interface unit or the resistance discharger A charging mode for converting a direct current voltage from the inverter to a charging voltage of the battery or a discharging mode for converting an output voltage of the battery into a direct current voltage in accordance with a charging or discharging command from the user interface unit or the resistance discharger Converters operating as modules, The module voltage is measured, and each module is classified as remanufacturing or recycling based on the measured module voltage, and electric vehicles and ESS (electric vehicles) are classified according to SOH (State of Health) And a resistance discharge device for dividing the battery into an energy storage system and an energy storage system.

The resistance discharge unit measures the module voltage of the battery decomposed in units of modules and classifies the corresponding module as remanufacturing or recycling based on the measured module voltage. In the case of the module classified for remanufacturing, The open-circuit voltage and the impedance are measured by controlling the inverter and the converter to perform charge or discharge, the SOH is measured based on the measured open-circuit voltage and the impedance, and the corresponding module is measured for the electric vehicle or the ESS For example.

The resistance discharge device is configured to allow the battery module classified for the electric vehicle or the ESS to be assembled into a remanufactured battery pack and to perform a charge and discharge test on the battery pack re-manufactured for electric vehicles or ESS, Can be output.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of recycling a battery in a charge / discharge device, comprising the steps of: (a) measuring a module voltage of a battery disassembled in units of modules; (b) (C) charging or discharging based on SOC (State Of Charge) in the case of a module classified for remanufacturing, measuring the open-circuit voltage and the impedance, and d) measuring an SOH of the module based on the measured open-circuit voltage and impedance; and e) classifying the module into an electric vehicle or an ESS based on the measured SOH. Lt; / RTI >

In the step (b), if the measured module voltage is not equal to or greater than a preset reference voltage, the module may be classified as being for recycling.

In the step (c), when the SOC is equal to or greater than a predetermined constant value, the open-circuit voltage is measured by charging until fully charged, the open-circuit voltage is measured by discharging the fully charged module, And the open-circuit voltage is measured by measuring the open-circuit voltage by discharging the discharge cell until the SOC is not less than a preset constant value, After the impedance is measured, the time corresponding to the discharge and the full charge can be registered in the SOC table.

The method for battery recycling comprises the steps of performing a charging / discharging test on a remanufactured battery pack produced by using a module classified as an electric vehicle or ESS after the step (e), outputting the charging / The method comprising the steps of:

According to the present invention, a large-capacity battery whose performance is degraded can be classified for recycling or remanufacturing, and can be recycled.

In addition, there is an effect of reducing the cost of regenerating and replacing the degraded battery by inspecting and re-resourceing the degraded battery pack on a module basis.

In addition, by inspecting and replacing a degraded battery in units of modules, it is possible to reduce the amount of waste battery modules compared with the conventional method of replacing the entire battery, It has the effect of preventing environmental pollution and saving resources.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a system for battery recycling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 illustrates a method for battery recycling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

Each functional unit represented in the present specification is only an example of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, other functional units may be used in other embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, each functional unit may be implemented solely in hardware or software configuration, but may be implemented in combination of various hardware and software configurations that perform the same function.

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for recycling a battery having a high performance. Recycling can include recycling, remanufacturing, and disposal. Recycling means that only usable parts are classified and used as raw materials, remanufacturing means collecting usable materials to re-manufacture the batteries, and disposal means disposing unusable batteries.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a system for battery recycling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a system for battery recycling includes a battery 100, a BMS 200, a charge / discharge device 300, and a system 400.

When the battery 100 is a secondary battery capable of being charged and discharged by a chemical action using a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, the battery 100 applied to the present invention may be a discarded waste battery or a degraded battery, Lt; / RTI > A large-capacity battery (where a large capacity is more than 10kWh) is expensive enough to occupy more than 40% of an electric vehicle. It can extract lithium and polymers even after the end of its life, and can be used for ESS It is economically valuable.

The battery 100 may include at least one battery cell, and each battery cell may include a plurality of bare cells. The battery 100 may be implemented as a battery cell of various types, for example, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel metal hydride battery (NiMH), a lithium ion battery battery, a lithium polymer battery, and the like.

The BMS 200 is connected to the battery 100 and controls charging and discharging operations of the battery 100. The BMS 200 can perform an overcharge protection function, an over-discharge protection function, an over-current protection function, an over-voltage protection function, an over-temperature protection function, and a cell balancing function in order to protect the battery 100. To this end, the BMS monitors the voltage, current, temperature, remaining power, life, charge status, etc. of the battery 300.

The charging and discharging device 300 separates the battery packs constituting the battery 100 into modules and individually selects the modules, and classifies each module as remanufacturing or recycling. The charging and discharging device 300 charges or discharges the modules classified for remanufacturing on the basis of SOC (State Of Charge), and measures the OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) and the impedance of the charged or discharged module, respectively. Then, the charging and discharging device 300 measures the SOH of the module by using the open voltage and the impedance according to the time of charging or discharging, the charging time or the discharging time, and based on the measured SOH, Or for ESS.

The charging and discharging apparatus 300 includes a thermal imaging camera 310, a user interface unit (HMI) 320, an inverter 330, a converter 340, and a resistance discharger 350.

The thermal imaging camera 310 measures the heat generated from the battery 100 when the battery is charged and discharged, and transmits information on the measured heat to the user interface unit 320.

The user interface unit 320 outputs information on a column measured by the thermal imaging camera 310 and receives a battery charging or discharging command from an administrator. The manager may input a command for terminating the battery charging or discharging when the battery measurement column output to the user interface unit 320 is equal to or greater than a predetermined constant value. When the battery measurement column output from the thermal imaging camera 310 is equal to or greater than a predetermined constant value, the user interface unit 320 generates a control signal for automatically terminating the battery charging or discharging, and transmits the control signal to the resistance discharger 350 .

In addition, the user interface unit 320 may output a charge / discharge test result of the remanufactured battery pack. The manager can check the charging / discharging test results of the remanufactured battery pack and judge whether or not the product is suitable for shipment.

The user interface unit 320 may be a means for receiving a user request for controlling the operation of the charging and discharging apparatus 300 or a means for displaying various information related to the operation of the charging and discharging apparatus 300.

The inverter 330 converts the DC voltage outputted from the converter 340 or the charging mode for converting the AC voltage of the system into the DC voltage according to the charging or discharging command from the user interface unit 320 or the resistance discharger 350, To the AC voltage of the discharge cell. That is, when the battery charge command is input through the user interface unit 320, the inverter 330 converts the AC voltage of the system to a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage. The inverter 330 rectifies the AC voltage of the system 400 to convert the AC voltage of the system 400 into a DC link voltage and stores it in order to store the power of the system 400 in the battery 100 in the charge mode. The inverter 330 may include a filter for removing harmonics from the alternating voltage output to the system 400. The phase of the alternating voltage output from the inverter 330 and the phase of the alternating voltage output from the system 400, And a phase locked loop (PLL) circuit for synchronizing the phase of the AC voltage of the AC power source.

In addition, the inverter 330 can perform functions such as limiting the voltage fluctuation range, improving the power factor, removing direct current components, protecting transient phenomena, and the like.

The converter 340 converts the DC voltage from the inverter 330 into a charging voltage of the battery or a charging mode in which the output voltage of the battery is changed to a charging voltage of the battery in accordance with a charging or discharging command from the user interface unit 320 or the resistance discharger 350 And operates in a discharge mode in which the voltage is converted into a DC voltage. That is, when the battery discharge command is input through the user interface unit 320, the converter 340 performs DC-DC conversion of the power stored in the battery 100 to a voltage level required by the inverter 330, that is, a DC link voltage Output. On the other hand, the converter 340 performs DC-DC conversion of the charging power flowing through the inverter in the charging mode to the voltage level required by the battery 100, that is, the charging voltage.

The resistance discharger 350 measures the module voltage of the battery, which is divided into modules, and classifies each module as remanufacturing or recycling based on the measured module voltage. Based on the SOH of the module unit battery classified for remanufacturing It is classified for electric vehicles and ESS (Energy Storage System).

In the case of a module classified for remanufacturing, the resistance discharger 350 controls the inverter 330 and the converter 340 to perform charging or discharging to measure the open-circuit voltage and the impedance. Based on the measured open- , And the corresponding module is classified into an electric vehicle or an ESS based on the measured SOH. At this time, the resistance discharger 350 registers the time to fully charge the battery module when the battery module is charged or discharged or the time to discharge to the predetermined lowest value in the SOC table. Therefore, the resistance discharger 350 measures the SOH of the module using the open voltage and the impedance according to the time, charge, or discharge time according to the charge or discharge registered in the SOC table. That is, since the resistance discharge device 350 has a table storing the SOH value corresponding to the open voltage and the impedance according to the charging or discharging time, the SOH of each module can be measured using the table.

The resistance discharger 350 is configured to allow a battery module classified as an electric vehicle or ESS to be assembled into a remanufactured battery pack and to perform a charge and discharge test on a battery pack re-manufactured for an electric vehicle or ESS, . That is, the resistance discharger 350 separates the module unit battery into the SOH grade for the electric vehicle re-manufacture and the ESS (Energy Storage System), packs the assembled battery pack into charge and discharge test, Shipping. At this time, the resistance discharger 350 judges that the shipment is suitable as a product when the charging / discharging test result of the remanufactured battery pack satisfies the suitable condition, and judges that the shipment is inappropriate as the product when the satisfying condition is not satisfied. Here, the compliance condition may include a case where the charging time according to the capacity of the battery, the discharging time according to the capacity of the battery, and the like are equal to or more than predetermined values.

In addition, when the battery charging or discharging end control signal is received from the user interface unit 320, the resistance discharger 350 forcibly terminates the charging or discharging of the battery 100.

Also, the resistance discharger 350 may be a configuration for discharging the battery fully. Currently, batteries in mobile phones are disposed of through electrolytic solution. When a large capacity battery is treated in the same way, many environmental pollutants are discharged, and electric discharge is used to completely discharge the battery.

FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a method for recycling batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

Referring to FIG. 2, the charge / discharge device measures the module voltage of the battery, which is divided into modules (S202). If the battery means a secondary battery which can be charged and discharged by chemical action using diluted sulfuric acid, a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, the battery applied to the present invention means a waste battery that has been disposed of or a battery that has degraded performance. In order to recycle waste batteries or degraded batteries, each battery pack constituting the battery is disassembled into modules, and the disassembled battery information is registered in units of modules. The charge / discharge device then measures the voltage of the registered battery modules.

After step S202, the charging / discharging device determines whether the measured module voltage (SOC (State Of Charge)) is equal to or higher than a preset reference voltage (S204).

If it is determined in step S204 that the measured module voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference voltage, the charge / discharge device classifies the module as being for remanufacturing (S206).

Then, the charging / discharging device charges or discharges the corresponding module based on the SOC of the module classified as remanufacturing (S208), measures the open-circuit voltage of the charged or discharged module (S210), measures the impedance of each module (S212). That is, when the SOC is equal to or more than a predetermined constant value (for example, 60 or more), the charge / discharge device measures the open-circuit voltage by charging until fully charged, discharges the fully charged module to measure the open- The charging time and the discharging time are registered in the SOC table. The SOC table indicates that the battery module is being charged from 20% to 100% or from 100% to 20%. The SOC level and the charging energy value can be set variously by the user. If the SOC is not equal to or greater than a preset constant value, the charge / discharge device discharges until the discharge reaches the preset lowest value (for example, 20%), measures the open voltage, measures the open voltage by fully charging the discharged module, After the measurement, the discharge time and the charging time are registered in the SOC table. In this way, each battery should measure all of the open voltage for charging or discharging, discharge test should be performed after charging, and charging test should be performed after discharging.

The open-circuit voltage can be used as a basis for measuring the SOH of the module, since the open-circuit voltage in the charged or discharged state is different from the voltage curve according to the SOH time (approximately 1 hour measurement). For example, the cell voltage measured immediately after a 100% charge of a low SOH battery is similar to a battery with a high SOH, but the voltage measured over time is different. That is, when the SOH is low, the voltage is measured to be low with time.

Also, when the equivalent circuit of the battery is composed of the resistance and the capacitance, there is a moment when the open-circuit voltage instantly drops. The impedance of the battery module is measured by measuring the resistance by the potential difference and the current. The charging and discharging device measures the impedance of the battery module after both charging and discharging.

When the step S212 is performed, the charging / discharging device measures SOH (State of Health) of the corresponding module based on the measured impedance (S214). At this time, the charging / discharging device measures the SOH of the module by using the open voltage and the impedance according to the time, charge or discharge time according to the charge or discharge stored in the SOC table. Since the charging and discharging device has a table storing the SOH value corresponding to the open voltage and the impedance according to the time of charging or discharging, the charging time or the discharging time, the charging and discharging device confirms the SOH of each module using the table provided therein .

When the step S214 is performed, the charging / discharging device classifies the corresponding module for electric vehicle or ESS based on the measured SOH (S216). That is, the charging / discharging device divides the module-unit battery into an ESS (Energy Storage System) and an electric vehicle re-manufacture based on the SOH grade. For example, charge / discharge devices can be classified as electric vehicles for SOHs of 80% or more and for energy storage systems of 60% or more and less than 80%. The criteria for SOH classifications for electric vehicles and for energy storage systems can vary.

When the step S216 is performed, the manager assembles the battery module classified for the electric vehicle or ESS into the remanufactured battery pack (S218).

When the remanufactured battery pack is assembled, the charge and discharge apparatus performs a charge and discharge test on the remanufactured battery pack (S216) and outputs a charge and discharge test result (S218). The remanufactured battery pack can be shipped as a product if it passes the charge / discharge test.

Thus, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the embodiments described above are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

100: Battery 200: BMS
300: charge / discharge device 310: thermal imaging camera
320: user interface unit 330: inverter
340: Converter 350: Resistance Discharge
400: System

Claims (7)

An infrared camera for measuring heat generated when the battery is charged and discharged;
A user interface unit for outputting information on a column measured by the thermal imager and receiving a battery charging or discharging command;
An inverter operating in a charge mode for converting an AC voltage of the system into a DC voltage or a discharge mode for converting a DC voltage outputted from the converter into an AC voltage of the system in accordance with a charging or discharging command from the user interface unit or the resistance discharger;
A converter operating in a charging mode for converting a DC voltage from the inverter to a charging voltage of the battery or a discharging mode for converting an output voltage of the battery into a DC voltage in response to a charging or discharging command from the user interface unit or the resistance discharger; And
Measuring the module voltage of the disassembled battery in the module unit, classifying each module as remanufacturing or recycling based on the measured module voltage, and comparing the SOH (State of Health) of the module battery classified for remanufacturing Resistive dischargers classified into electric vehicles and ESS (Energy Storage System);
Lt; / RTI >
If the measured module voltage is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference voltage, the resistance discharge unit classifies the module as being for remanufacturing, and if the measured module voltage is not equal to or greater than the preset reference voltage, the resistance discharge unit classifies the module as being for recycling Wherein the charging / discharging device comprises:
The method according to claim 1,
The resistance discharge unit measures the module voltage of the battery decomposed in units of modules and classifies the corresponding module as remanufacturing or recycling based on the measured module voltage. In the case of the module classified for remanufacturing, The open-circuit voltage and the impedance are measured by controlling the inverter and the converter to perform charge or discharge, the SOH is measured based on the measured open-circuit voltage and the impedance, and the corresponding module is measured for the electric vehicle or the ESS Charge / discharge device for battery recycling.
3. The method of claim 2,
The resistance discharge device is configured to allow the battery module classified for the electric vehicle or the ESS to be assembled into a remanufactured battery pack and to perform a charge and discharge test on the battery pack re-manufactured for electric vehicles or ESS, Wherein the charge / discharge device is a charge / discharge device for battery recycling.
A method for recharging a battery in a charge-discharge device,
(a) measuring a module voltage of a battery disassembled in units of modules;
(b) classifying the module as being for remanufacturing if the measured module voltage is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference voltage, and classifying the module as being for recycling if the measured module voltage is not the predetermined reference voltage;
(c) charging or discharging based on SOC (State Of Charge) in the case of a module classified for remanufacturing, measuring open-circuit voltage and impedance;
(d) measuring the SOH of the module based on the measured open-circuit voltage and impedance; And
(e) classifying the module into an electric vehicle or ESS based on the measured SOH;
Lt; / RTI >
The step (c)
When the SOC is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the open-circuit voltage is measured by charging until fully charged, the open-circuit voltage is measured by discharging the fully charged module, and after measuring the impedance, Registered in the SOC table,
If the SOC is not equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the discharging module discharges the discharged voltage until the predetermined value becomes the predetermined low value, measures the open voltage by fully charging the discharged module, measures the impedance, And the time is registered in the SOC table.
delete delete 5. The method of claim 4,
After the step (e)
Performing a charging / discharging test on a remanufactured battery pack produced using a module classified as an electric vehicle or ESS; And
And outputting the charge / discharge test result.

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