KR101539563B1 - Document comprising a security element, reading appliance and method for reading a security element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a document having a security element (102) and an optical element (108), wherein the security element is disposed in front of the optical element, and the optical element for inspection of the security element comprises at least first and second optics State, and the security element may be optically checked in only one of the first state and the second state.

Security documents, security elements, optical elements

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a document having a security element, a method for reading the security element, and a reading device for reading the security element.

The present invention relates to a document having a security element, in particular a valuable document or a secure document, a reading device of such document and a method for reading the security element.

Various security elements for valuable documents and secure documents are known from the prior art. This includes optical security elements that can be detected visually by the user and / or mechanically by an optical sensor.

For example, the following are optical security elements:

- Guilloche: Guilloche is printed on the document with the help of so-called linear printing. This generally consists of a wave pattern and a loop pattern printed superimposed on one another with different colorants;

- Microtext: This is a signature printed in minimum type. This micro form is not recognized at all by the naked eye. For example, fine print on an euro banknote is inserted in the motive as an image element. Fine print can be read with the help of a loupe;

- metamer system: based on the metamer parity color, it is possible to produce different spectral composition of light in the mixing of the same tones and to be optically recognizable, for example by means of a color filter or several irradiation sources;

Printing using fluorescent, phosphorescent and / or upconversion colorants;

- Printing using infrared coloring material: This color can be confirmed by the corresponding sensor under infrared radiation to the reading device. For example, euro banknotes are equipped with these optical security elements;

Barcodes, especially one- or two-dimensional, monochromatic or multicolor barcodes;

- Optically discolorable colorants (OVI - optically discolorable inks): Optically discolorable colorants change their hue according to the viewing angle as light is broken, scattered or reflected on the pigment;

- a hologram or a kinetogram (transmissive or reflective);

- watermark;

- a digital watermark containing visually visible and / or mechanically readable information;

Passport printing: Overprinting different characters or symbols to form a predetermined image. A very small deviation of the position, i.e. so-called passport accuracy, can be easily recognized visually. If there is a partial image on different sides of the document, for example a bank note, then this optical security element is displayed as a transparent pass;

- Transparent window: Insert a window from the transparent plastic sheet into the document;

- Mixed colorant: add a coloring material with a different color under UV light to the paper of the document;

- security thread;

- Fine perforation.

A valuable document and a security document comprising a light emitting element are known from DE 197 35 293 A1. A light emitting element is disposed below the layer formed as an authentication element so as to be able to perform a visual or mechanical optical authentication test under all irradiation conditions. This allows authentication inspection even in the dark without requiring a separate light source. With the aid of a light source, the authentication element can be inspected independently of the state of the light emitting element in each case.

The same applicant's patent application DE 10 2006 059 865.2-55, which was unpublished at the time of the present application, discloses a document comprising an optical element arranged in front of a security element. The optical element covers a security document disposed under the optical element such that the security element is not visible to the user as long as the optical element is in an opaque state. For inspection of the security element, the optical element transitions to a transparent state.

The underlying problem of the present invention is to propose an improved document for the disclosed prior art and a reading apparatus and method for such document.

The problems of the present invention are solved by the features of the respective independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the dependent claims.

According to the present invention, a document having an optical security element, for example, a valuable document or a secure document, in particular, a banknote, a chip card, an identification document, a permit, etc. is proposed. The document may be implemented on a paper basis and / or on a plastic basis.

The document according to the invention has a security element, which is placed in front of the optical element in the direction of incidence of the light for its mechanical detection and / or observation. The optical element can be converted between the first state and the second state, and in these states, the optical elements each have different optical characteristics. For example, the optical element creates a background for the security element in the first state, where the security element can be optically detected. On the other hand, for example, in the second state, the optical element creates a security element background in which the security element can not be optically detected visually and / or mechanically.

Since the optical element is changed to a positive state for the inspection of the security element, an additional security element is provided and the inspection of the optical element of the document is assumed, so that the user is in a position to convert the optical element, for example, by the reading apparatus. In addition, the document according to the present invention can be formed with anti-falsification, in particular, because the document can be adjusted by a conventional security printing technique using digital technology alone.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, one of the states of the optical element is a normal state in which the security element can not be optically detected. The connection of the energy causes the optical element to transition to another state at least temporarily so that the security element can be optically detected.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical element has a first state that acts as a transmissive and a second state that is reflective. It is possible to inspect the security element on the back side of the document only when the optical element is in a transmissive state.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the optical element can be changed from the first state to the second state and / or from the second state to the first state through the connection of energy. The energy connection may be made directly via an electromagnetic field, for example in accordance with an embodiment of the optical element, for example to bring the optical element into a substantially transparent second state.

However, the connection of the energy may also be by a separate connection element, such as a contact interface, a contactless interface or a dual mode interface, in particular a chip card interface or an RF interface. The connecting element may be, for example, an antenna or coil, for example, for inductively coupling a voltage that converts the optical element into a substantially transparent second state.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical element is bistable. That is, the optical element remains in its respective state while not being converted. In the case of such a bistable optical element it is also necessary to convert the optical element from a substantially transparent second state back to a substantially opaque first state after inspection of the optical security element. This can be achieved by a new connection of the corresponding circuit and / or energy of the document, for example a new connection of the external reading device.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the optical element is quasi-bin stable. The optical element remains in the first state. The optical element is converted to the second state, then remains in this second state for a predetermined time, and then spontaneously returns to the first state. This embodiment has the advantage that only one conversion operation is required to convert the optical element to the second state for a predetermined period of time for inspection of the optical security element of the document. The first state may be substantially reflective and the second state substantially absorbable. In yet another embodiment, the first state may be substantially absorptive and the second state substantially reflective. In another embodiment, the first state may be substantially opaque and the second state may be substantially transparent or vice versa.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical element is configured such that the optical security element of the document is covered when the rotating element is in its first rotational position, a rotation which is light-absorbing at the first rotational position and optically transmissive at the second rotational position And a bistable rotatable device display comprising the device.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical element is adapted to absorb light at the first rotational position and reflect at the second rotational position so that the optical security element of the document can not be recognized when the rotational element is in its first rotational position And a bistable rotary element display having a rotary element.

According to one embodiment, the optical element comprises an electrophoretic display device or an electrochromic display device.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the optical element comprises an electrostatic wetting element, i.e. a so-called electrowetting display device.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the optical element comprises a liquid crystal display device, in particular comprising a cholesteric or nematic liquid crystal material.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the optical element comprises, for example, a flexible display available from Citala ( http://www.citala.com ).

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical element comprises a microelectromechanical system (MEMS), such as, for example, a micro-shutter array, available from Flixel Ltd (www.flixel.com).

According to one embodiment of the invention, the optical element comprises a display device based on a ferroelectric material.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical element includes a display device based on an organic photodiode.

The display device forming the optical element may include, for example, a matrix type display device. However, the display elements need not necessarily be individually controlled, in order to convert them into a substantially opaque first state or a substantially transparent second state in each case, and collective control of the display elements is sufficient.

The display device forming the optical element may include, for example, a matrix type display device. However, the display elements need not necessarily be individually controlled, in order to convert them into a substantially non-reflective first state or a substantially reflective second state in each case, and collective control of the display element is sufficient.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical security element of the document may be printed using a guilloche, fine print, metamer system, fluorescent colorant, phosphorescent colorant and / or upconversion colorant, printing using infrared colorant, A holographic or kinetogram (transmissive or reflective), a watermark, a passport print, a transparent window, a portion of a transparent path, a transmission hologram, a holographic optic that passes selective wavelengths from the visible light spectrum Filters or other transmissive elements, mixed color materials, security threads and / or micro-perforations.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the security element comprises optically readable information. For example, the security element is a digital watermark or a one-dimensional or two-dimensional barcode. The watermark or bar code can be printed on the document.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the security element is formed by a plastic-based optical data memory, in particular a holographic data memory.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the security element stores biological measurement data such as, for example, face data, fingerprint data and / or iris recognition data. For example, the document is a machine readable travel document (MRTD), in particular according to the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) standard. Biological specific data may be biological measurement data of a holder of MRTD.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the security element stores data that can be used in a frame of so-called basic access control. For example, the document has a machine readable zone (MRZ) in which optically readable data is stored. These data, the encryption of these data, or the hash value of these data may be stored in the secure element.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the document is used to move the optical element from the first state to the second state and / or from the second state to the first state and, And an electronic integrated circuit for controlling the optical element to make a transition to the normal state after optical access to the security element is made.

The electronic integrated circuit may comprise an interface or may be connected to an interface through which the energy for driving the electronic integrated circuit and for controlling the optical element is connected in a contactless or contact manner. In particular, the interface may be a chip card-interface or an RF-interface.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a reading device for a document according to the invention. The reading device has means for initiating the conversion of the optical element between the first state and the second state such that optical access to the secure element of the document is possible.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a method for reading a security element of a document according to the invention.

Embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a document according to the present invention.

2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a document according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a document according to another embodiment of the present invention and a reader according to the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the document according to the present invention when the optical element is in the first state.

Figure 5 is the embodiment of Figure 4 when the optical element is in the second state.

6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a document according to the present invention when the security element is formed of a volume hologram and the optical element is in a first state.

Fig. 7 is an embodiment of Fig. 6 when the optical element is in the second state.

8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a document according to the present invention when the security element is formed in line pattern and the optical element is in the first state.

Fig. 9 is an embodiment of Fig. 8 when the optical element is in the second state.

10 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the document according to the present invention when the optical element is in the first state.

Fig. 11 is an embodiment of Fig. 10 when the optical element is in the second state.

12 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the document according to the present invention when the optical element is in the first state.

Fig. 13 is an embodiment of Fig. 12 when the optical element is in the second state.

14 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the document according to the present invention when the optical element is in the first state.

14B is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the document according to the present invention when the optical element is in the first state.

Figure 15 is an embodiment of Figure 14 in which the optical element is in a second state.

15B is an embodiment of Fig. 14B in which the optical element is in the second state.

16 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a document according to another embodiment of the present invention and a reader according to the present invention.

17 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method according to the present invention.

In the following description of the drawings, corresponding elements of different embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a document 100 in accordance with the present invention. The document 100 includes a security element 102, which may be any optical security element known in the art. The secure element 102 is placed on the document 100 or embedded in the body of the document 100 and is not visible from the backside 104 of the document 100. [ However, the back side 104 of the document may be formed to be transparent so that the security element 102 can be seen from the back side 104 depending on the state of the optical element 108. [ This is particularly advantageous when the security element 102 is a transparent pass, a portion of a transparent pass, a transmission hologram, a holographic filter that passes selective wavelengths from the visible light spectrum, or a transparent window or another transmissive element.

Behind the secure element 102 is disposed an optical element 108 in the body of the document 100. The optical element 108 can be transformed between at least two different states, and in these states the optical elements 108 each have different optical properties. For example, the optical element 108 is used to generate a different background for the security element 102 that makes it impossible for the security element 102 to be optically detected or optically detected. To this end, the optical element 108 may, for example, act to absorb the incident light in the first state, while being reflective in the second state.

The reading device 112 may be formed as an energy source that connects energy to the optical element 108 to convert it. If the optical element 108 is a quasi bistable optical element, then one energy impulse may be sufficient to convert the optical element 108 to a predetermined state for a predetermined period of time and spontaneously return from this state after the end of this period . In contrast, when the optical element 108 is a bistable optical element, an additional energy impulse may be required to convert the optical element to its original state.

Further, the optical element 108 may be formed so that constant connection of energy is required to maintain the optical element 108 in a predetermined state. In this embodiment, when the supply of energy is interrupted, the optical element 108 immediately returns to the starting state again.

For example, the optical element 108 may be formed as a bi-stable rotatable element-display or as a bi-stable electrophoretic display, for example, as known from WO 03/009059 A1. For subpixel stability embodiments, the optical element 108 includes a display device having, for example, an electrochromic display. In embodiments where constant supply of energy is required, the optical element may include an LCD display to maintain the optical element 108 in the second state.

For example, the optical element 108 includes an electrical or magnetic load rotary element. By the irradiation of the corresponding electromagnetic field by the reading device, the rotational element can move so that the optical element 108 can be converted between the first state and the second state. In this embodiment, the coupling of the energy is also made directly at the optical element 108.

2 shows an alternative embodiment of a document 100 according to the present invention having a coupling element 114 for connection of energy for the control of the optical element 108. In this embodiment, The connecting element 114 may be implemented as a contact interface, a contactless interface or a dual-mode interface, in particular as a chip card-interface or an RF-interface. For example, the coupling element 114 may be an antenna or coil for inductively applying a voltage, for example, to change the optical element 108 to the second state.

For example, the connecting element 114 is connected to the optical element 108 by a wire 116 to control the optical element and supply energy to the optical element as needed. This configuration provides a special security advantage for forgery because it is not detached from the document 100 without destruction and can not be used in another document body. This is particularly the case where the wire 116 extends inside the document body. Here, the document body of the document 100 may be implemented as a paper base and / or a plastic base, for example in the form of a paper based travel document or a chip card.

Figure 3 illustrates one embodiment of a reading device 112 in accordance with the present invention. The reading device 112 has an energy source 118 for connection of energy in the coupling element 114, for example, by a contact or contactless interface. The reading device 112 also includes a light source 120 for generating a reading line 122 for optical inspection of the security element 102 of the document 100.

For optical detection of the security element, the reader 112 includes one or more optical sensors, such as optical sensors 124 and 126, for example. Optical sensor 124 is disposed on the same side of light source 120 relative to document 100 so that light reflected by security element 102 and optionally optical element 108 128). The optical sensor 126 is disposed relative to the backside 104 of the document 100 to detect transmitted light 130, that is, all of the reading line portions transmitted by the security element 102 and the optical element 108 . The receiving area 132 for receiving the document 100 in the reading device 112 can be formed as shown in Fig.

The optical sensor is shown as a symbol. In particular, a plurality of sensors can be arranged in order to detect a pattern reflected on a large surface such as that derived from a so-called "diffractive area code ". The sensors can also be oriented to detect light reflected in the direction of the light source 120 by additional optical aids such as, for example, a light separator.

The reading device 112 may be used to control the various components of the reading device 112 and / or to control the operation of the program instructions 121 and 123 for evaluation of signals supplied from the optical sensor 124 and / And a processor 119 for execution. The processor 119 may also control the interface 125 (which may be a user interface and / or a network interface) of the reading device 112. Depending on the interface 125, data obtained based on the evaluation and / or another data read from the document 100 may be output.

4 shows a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a document 100 in accordance with the present invention. The document may include a carrier 134 that may be based on plastic and / or paper and may include other security elements, printing, and the like. The optical element 108 is disposed on the carrier 134. Figure 4 shows an optical element 108 in a first state of actuation.

Above the optical element 108, another layer 136 where the security element 102 is present may be disposed. Generally, the document 100 may also have a protective layer 138 disposed over the security element 102.

In a related embodiment, the security element 102 is configured to act as a reflection for a beam of light in a predetermined spectral region, e.g., green light, while for another spectral component of the visible light region, particularly red and blue light. For example, the secure element 102 may be formed as a volume hologram.

FIG. 4 illustratively shows the red component 122 ', the green component 122' 'and the blue component 122' 'of the read line 122. The red component 122'and the blue component 122''are transmitted through the security element 102 and absorbed by the optical element 108 since the security element 102 is transparent in these spectral regions. The reflected light 128 is made up of the portion of the green component 122 "that is reflected through the security element 102. The reflected light 128 is reflected by the user 110 (See Figs. 1 and 2), a green color tone, that is, a map image 111 is generated.

Figure 5 shows the document 100 after the optical element 108 has been converted to another state. The optical element 108 produces a black background in the first state shown in Fig. 4, while a white background or a reflective (mirror) background in the second state shown in Fig. In this state, the optical element 108 acts as a reflector.

Thus, each portion of the read line 122 that is transmitted without being reflected by the security element 102 is scattered or reflected by the optical element so that the entire read line 122, which is ultimately derived from the document, do. The scattered light 128 is no longer derived only from the green spectral region and passes through the significant red and blue color components present, so that the security element 102 can not be recognized or can not be recognized at all. The reflected light 128 is also formed from the reflected red, green, and blue components 122 ', 122' 'and 122' '' of the read line 122 in this case. Thus, globally, for example, a whiteness hue 111 of a generally white hue may be generated to the user 110 and the security element 102 may not be recognized.

Embodiments of document 100 of Figures 4 and 5 are particularly advantageous when security element 102 is a volume-reflective-hologram. If the volume-reflection-hologram is present on a dark background, its visibility is clearly improved. For example, when properly selecting the characteristics of the holographic recording medium with a material thickness of about 10 [mu] m and a refractive index of between 10 < ^-3 > and 10 < ^{-2 &} gt ;, for example, full-color holograms can look very black on a white background and very good on a black background. In the embodiment of Figures 4 and 5, when the optical element 108 is in an absorbed state, i. E. In a black state, contrast enhancement is achieved with respect to the security element 102 formed as a volume hologram.

The optical element 108 can be formed so that it can be converted between two different colors. For example, the optical element 108 may be formed to be black in the first state to create a black background for viewing of the security element 102. In contrast, in the second state, the optical element 108 has approximately the same color as the color that the security element 102 reflects or disperses the incoming reading line 122. In this case, the background generated by the optical element 108 when the optical element is in the second state has the same color as the security element 102, so that the structure of the security element is not visible to the user 110.

The security element 102 may also be formed as an active light source that produces the light itself of a predetermined color. The optical element 108 is also configured to have a color (e.g., black) different from the color of the security element 102 in the first state and to emit substantially the same color as the security element 102 light in the second state . This embodiment has the advantage that the read line 122 is not absolutely required.

For example, security element 102 may be a luminescent marking. The luminescent marking emits light of a predetermined color. The optical element 108 is, for example, black in the first state and has approximately the same color as the color from which the security element 102 emits light in the second state.

For example, security element 102 may be a luminescent marking. The luminescent marking emits light of a predetermined color. The optical element 108 emits light that, for example, is black in the first state and stimulates the security element 102 for the emission of light in the second state.

In another embodiment using the luminescent security element 102, light having a hue corresponding to the hue of the first conversion state of the optical element 108 is emitted. However, in the second conversion state, the optical element 108 has another color tone so that it can be recognized.

In a third embodiment using the luminescent security element 102, light having a hue corresponding to the hue of the first conversion state of the optical element 108 is emitted. However, in the second conversion state, the optical element 108 emits light having another color tone, particularly preferably a contrast color or complementary color, so that the security element 102 can be easily identified.

To this end, the optical element 108 can be preferably formed as an active light source. For example, the optical element 108 is non-luminescent, i. E., Black, in the first state. In contrast, in the second state, the optical element 108 is luminous, wherein the light rays provided by the optical element 108 based on the luminescence are similar or identical to the light rays of the security element 102. The same effect is achieved using an organic photodiode or an organic photodiode display as the optical element 108.

When the optical element 108 is in the second state, the security element 102 may be made of a print having a color that is the same as the color of the optical element 108. In particular, in the second state, which is the normal state of the optical element 108, the printed motif of the security element 102 can only be observed under certain irradiation conditions. For identification of the security element 102, particularly for mechanical verification, the optical element 108 is quickly converted from the second state to the first state, which accommodates the contrast color, preferably black or white.

According to another embodiment, the security element 102 is a color print that reflects linear polarization of the first polarization direction. The optical element 108 is formed to reflect the linearly polarized light in the second polarization direction, wherein the second polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the first polarization direction. The components of the readout line 122 in the first polarization direction are reflected by the security element 102 while the components of the readout line 122 in the second polarization direction are reflected by the optical element 108 .

In one embodiment, security element 102 comprises a single color print. The optical element 108 is converted in a second state in which the optical element has the same color as the security element 102 and a color of the same hue (the same color). In yet another embodiment, the optical element 108 is transformed between the color of the security element 102 and the contrast color, or in another form between the complementary color and the contrast color. The contrast color is particularly preferably a color that enables optical detection of the security element without resorting to technical means.

As a result, the read line 122 is totally reflected from the document 100. In this conversion state of the optical element 108 in which the optical element reflects the linearly polarized light in the second polarization direction, the security element 102 can be detected only by the polarizing filter. For identification of the security element 102, and particularly for mechanical verification, the optical element 108 may be converted to a contrast color, preferably black or white. Alternatively, the optical element 108 may be formed to reflect linearly polarized light in the first polarization direction in another state. In the latter case, only the component of the reading line 122 from the document 100 in the first polarization direction is reflected. The security element 102 may be detected without a polarization filter.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the security element 102 is a color print that absorbs visible light but does not absorb infrared light. The visible component of the read line 122 is also absorbed by the security element 102 while the infrared component of the read line 122 is passed without being absorbed so that the infrared component of the read line is transmitted to the optical element ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 108 < / RTI > Here, the optical element absorbs infrared light in one state, and is formed to be reflected or transmitted, for example, without absorbing infrared light in another state. Regardless of the conversion state of the optical element 108, signals in the infrared region may or may not be detected by the reading apparatus 102.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the security element 102 is a non-electric side print of color that absorbs light in an invisible spectral region, such as infrared, but does not absorb visible light. This security element 102 may also be inspected by the optical element 108 if it has an infrared absorbing state and another state that does not absorb infrared light and reflects or transmits, for example. In this embodiment, the optical element 108 may have the same, similar, or different characteristics in the visible region of light in both states.

Figure 6 illustrates one embodiment of a document 100 in accordance with the present invention, including a secure element 102 having one structure, e.g., a line pattern. 6 illustrates lines 140, 142, and 144 of the secure element 102 illustratively.

In the embodiment contemplated herein, the read line 122 is oriented obliquely with respect to the document 100, as shown in FIG. 6, but not vertically, as in the embodiment of FIGS. Where a read line 122 touches one of the lines of the security element 102, one spectral component of the read line 122 is reflected while another spectral component of the read line 122 is passed.

6 is illustratively shown for green component 122 ". Red component 122 ' of read line 122 is coupled to the red component 122 ' The red component 122 'also reaches the optical element 108. In the state of the optical element 108 shown in Figure 6, the optical element 108' The red component 122 'of the readout line 122 is completely absorbed by the document 100. Another spectral component of the readout line 122, particularly the blue component 122' '' and the green component 122 ' 122 ", as long as they do not touch one of the lines of the security element 102.

The reflected light 128 is generated where the green component 122 "of the read line 122 touches one of the lines, e.g., line 140. Based on the reflected light 128, The pattern 146, and the lines 140, 142, 144 ... are displayed to the user 110. FIG.

This embodiment also works when the line pattern is formed in standard reflectivity rather than wavelength selective. When the security element 108 is converted to absorbency, the line pattern appears to be a high contrast, and this contrast disappears if the security element 108 is converted to reflectivity.

Fig. 7 shows a document 100 of the embodiment of Fig. 6 in which the optical element 108 is in another state of reflex action. The spectral components transmitted on the line of the security element 102, in particular the red component 122 'and the blue component 122' ', are reflected without being absorbed by the optical element 108 to form the line pattern 146 and the red component 112 ' and the blue line 112 ' ' ' '. The line 150 is blended with a green component 122 "and is almost magenta in color.

The layer 136 may have a height of, for example, approximately 100 [mu] m, so that a print having a line width of less than 200 [mu] m and a thickness of about 2.5 linear / mm or less for a 45 degree field of view may be selected. Alternatively, the layer can be selected, for example, with a line having a height of 250 占 퐉 and a width of 500 占 퐉 or less. Instead of the reflector, the optical element 108 may form a white surface in the state shown in Fig. In this case, the magenta color line 150 can be viewed from any angle with less intensity, and is also recognized as a variable line image in this embodiment.

For example, the variants described above with respect to the embodiments of Figs. 4 and 5 in relation to different polarization directions, luminescence and infrared light components may similarly be used in the embodiments of Figs. 6 and 7.

Figure 8 illustrates one embodiment of a document in which the security element 102 is formed as a volume hologram. A volume hologram is manufactured so that the leaked observation light can be observed at a different angle than expected from typical reflection conditions. For example, when the read line 122 touches the image point 152 of the security element 102 volume hologram, which is illustratively shown in FIG. 8 at an incident angle of about 45 degrees, the image point 153 is reflected 128). The optical element 108 absorbs in the state shown in Fig. That is, the red component 122 'and the blue component 122' 'of the optical element 108 are absorbed.

Fig. 9 shows the document 100 of the embodiment of Fig. 8 after the optical element 108 has been converted to another state of reflection action. In this state, the red component 122 'and the blue component 122' 'of the reading line 122 of the optical element 108 are reflected without absorbing, where the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle as shown in FIG. The overlap of red component 122 'and blue component 122' 'produces an additional magenta point 154 of image hologram image points 152.

10 and 11 illustrate one embodiment of a document 100 in which the optical element 108 can be converted between an absorption state as shown in Fig. 10 and a transparent state as shown in Fig. The read line 122 may remain unchanged or changed by the security element 102 in accordance with embodiments of the security element 102. For example, the read line consists only of the green component 122 "(the other layer of the document structure, i. E. The protective layer 138, layer 136 and carrier 134 is transparent) In the state of the element 108, the security element 102 can not be inspected because the reading line is completely absorbed. In contrast, in the state of the optical element 108 shown in Fig. 11, at least a part of the reading line is transmitted, (156) is generated.

The secure element 102 may be a transparent pass, a portion of a transparent pass, a transmission hologram, a holographic filter that passes selective wavelengths from the visible light spectrum, a transparent window or other transmissive element, and the like.

12 and 13 illustrate another embodiment of a document 100 in accordance with the present invention. In this embodiment, the optical element can be converted in the absorption state shown in Fig. 12 and in the transparent state shown in Fig. In the absorption state of the optical element 108 as shown in Fig. 12, one mapping is obtained similarly to the embodiment of Fig. 4, while in the transparent state of the optical element 108, the additional mapping 158 The green component 122 "of red component 122 ' is reflected so that magenta appears based on overlap of red component 122 ' and blue component 122 ' ' In the embodiment contemplated herein, the security element 102 may be formed as a hologram.

Figures 14 and 15 illustrate one embodiment of a document 100 in accordance with the present invention having a reflector 160. [ Where the secure element 102 may be a transmission hologram. The optical element 108 can be converted between the non-transparent state shown in Fig. 14 and the transparent state shown in Fig. Only when the optical element 108 is in a transparent state, an image 162 as shown in Fig. 15 is obtained.

The portion of the light beam 122 refracted by the transparent hologram, that is, the light ray 122b, passes through the optical element 108 and touches the reflector 160 only when the optical element 108 is in a transparent state, do. But behaves correspondingly to the portion of the light beam portion 122 that is not refracted, that is, the light beam 122a.

The reflector 160 may be an enamel metal surface. This can be formed as a component of the optical element 108, for example, as a rear electrode of the display element forming the optical element 108. [ If the optical element 108 can be converted between the reflective state and the absorbed state, such an embodiment does not require additional reflectors.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the security element 102 comprises a Fourier hologram. Fourier holograms are capable of projecting images when irradiated with appropriate light of appropriate wavelength and appropriate incident angle. Such an image may be, for example, a data face, a logo, and the like. Laser irradiation of a typical display hologram can also produce the same effect. Figs. 14B and 15B show these corresponding features.

For all of the above embodiments, a Fourier hologram or a display hologram can be used in place of a pure holographic mirror or similar refractor.

Figure 16 shows another embodiment of a document 100 and a reading device 112 according to the present invention in accordance with the present invention. In the embodiment contemplated herein, the document 100 is a travel document, such as an ePassport. The document 100 has a so-called machine readable zone (MRZ) 164. The connecting element 114 is here formed as an RF-chip. It is used for the execution of a program command 166 for the execution of a cryptographic protocol and a program command 168 for control of the optical element 108. In addition, the RF-chip may store data 170, such as sensitive data or data requiring protection, particularly biological measurement data of the document 100 holder.

The processor 119 of the reading device 112 is here used to execute the program instructions 172 that execute the steps associated with the reading device of the encryption protocol. The energy source 118 of the reading device 112 is here formed as an RF-interface for communicating with the RF-chip of the document 100. In addition to the optical sensor 124, the reading device 112 may include an additional optical sensor 174, for example, to detect the MRZ 164 or other optically readable data.

The encryption protocol executed by program instructions 166 and 172 may be, for example, a protocol for the execution of Basic Access Control (BAC). Where the RF-chip is formed such that after the successful execution of the BAC the optical element 108 is controlled by the program command 168 so that the security element 102 can be checked by the reading device 112. [

MRZ 164 is then detected by optical sensor 174, for example. From the data thus detected, the reader 112 generates a key, from which the reading device encrypts the random number transmitted from the RF-chip and forwards the password to the RF-chip by means of an RF-interface. The RF-chip checks whether these ciphers match expectations. If the password matches the expectation, the BAC is considered successful.

Figure 17 shows a corresponding flow diagram. In step 200, the BAC protocol is executed between the reading device and the document. After the BAC protocol is successfully terminated, the RF-chip provides a conversion signal to the optical element of the document such that the optical element is switched to a state in which the security element of the document can be examined. In step 204, the data stored in the secure element is read by the reading device and in step 206 is checked for coincidence with the data detected from the MRZ of the document for execution of the BAC protocol. If not, the reading device provides an error message in step 208, and in the opposite case, the reading device accesses it in step 210 to read the data stored in the document via RF (in the embodiment of Figure 16, 170).

In the case of sensitive data stored at 102, successful extended access control (EAC) may also be assumed in addition to a successful BAC, with the terminal being a legitimate access to the data stored in the secure element 102 Do.

List of reference marks

100 Documents 118 Energy source

102 Security Elements 119 Processor

104 Rear side 120 light source

106 Front 121, 123, 166, 168, 172 Program Commands

108 optical element 122 reading line

110 users 124, 174 optical sensors

111, 158, 162 mappings 125, 126 interface

112 Reading device 128 Reflected light

114 Connecting element 130 Transmitted light

116 wiring 132 receiving area

134 carriers 136 layers

138 protective layer 140, 142, 144, 150 line

146, 148 line pattern 152 image points

153, 154 point 156 transmission image

160 Reflector 165 MRZ

170 data

Claims (34)

A document having an optically identifiable security element (102) and an optical element (108), the security element (102) being disposed in front of the optical element (108) The element 108 may be changed between at least a first and a second optical state, and the optical state may be reflective / absorptive or transmissive / opaque or emissive / non-emissive or a first / 2 polarization direction and the security element 102 is optically detectable in one of the first or second states of the optical element 108, The optical element 108 may be converted between a first state and a second state by an energy coupling, The optical element may be an electrophoretic display device, an electrochromic display device, an electrostatic display device, a rotary element display device, an electro-wet display device, a ferroelectric display device, a cholesteric liquid crystal material or a nematic liquid crystal material (MEMS), a ferroelectric material or a display device based on an inter-ferromagnetic modulator, an organic photodiode or an organic photodiode display, The document comprises an electronic integrated circuit (114) for conversion of the optical element, Characterized in that the security element (102) comprises data that is optically readable and optically detectable simultaneously or selectively. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete The security element of claim 1, wherein the secure element comprises at least one of a hologram, a volume hologram, a reflective hologram, a transmissive hologram, a Fourier hologram, a display hologram, a luminescent marking, a reflector for reflecting polarized light, (OVI-optically discolorable inks), kines (transmissive or transmissive), inks, inks, and the like, as well as in inkjet printers, Reflectivity), watermark, passport print, transparent window, mixed colorant, security thread and micro-perforation. delete delete 2. The document of claim 1, wherein the data comprises biological measurement data and human data simultaneously or selectively. delete 2. A document according to claim 1, wherein the optical element (108) absorbs incident light in a first state and reflects incident light in a second state. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the secure element (102) is configured to reflect at a first spectral region (122 ") and transmit at a second spectral region (122 ', 122" And is formed to absorb in the second spectral region and reflect at least in the second spectral region in the second state. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the secure element (102) is configured to reflect, disperse, or generate light in a first spectral region and the optical element is configured to reflect in a first spectral region in a second state Documents. 14. A method according to any one of claims 1, 10 or 13, wherein the secure element (102) is a marking that is luminous in a first spectral region, the optical element is non-luminescent in a first state, Wherein the light is luminescent in the first spectral region. 14. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the security element has a first color and the optical element has a second color different from the first color in the first state, Wherein the first color has a third color that is the same as the first color. delete delete delete delete delete The electronic integrated circuit (114) according to any one of claims 1, 10, or 13, for execution of a cryptographic protocol or for control of an optical element (108) when the conditions of the cryptographic protocol are satisfied, At the same time or selectively. delete delete delete 14. A document according to claim 1, 10 or 13, characterized in that the document is a valuable document or a secure document, a machine-readable travel document or identity document, a chip card, a permit or a bill. delete delete delete delete delete

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