KR101535628B1 - A solid fuel using a mix waste and a preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid fuel using waste and a method for producing the solid fuel. More specifically, the present invention relates to a solid fuel containing 15 to 99 wt% of a first fuel composition selected from the group consisting of wood pulp, sawdust, wood chip (WCF) By weight of the second fuel composition, and 1 to 85% by weight of the second fuel composition selected from at least one of crushed and pulverized composite waste vinyl or dry crushed sewage and manure sludge. In addition, it can provide a solid fuel having a low moisture and ash content, a high amount of combustible components, and a remarkably high calorific value.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid fuel using mixed waste,

The present invention relates to a solid fuel using mixed waste and a method for producing the solid fuel, and more particularly, to a method for producing solid fuel using mixed waste and a method for producing the solid fuel using mixed waste, It is for a solid fuel with a low content, a high amount of combustible components, and a significantly high calorific value.

Generally, waste wood is generated in the forestry office periodically by thinning work, waste materials from the demolition of building, and waste wood furniture. It is partially recycled by processing with sawdust, etc. However, Thereby causing environmental pollution.

In addition, the combined waste vinyl is regenerated through a heat melting process and an extrusion process, or incinerated at an incineration plant. Such vinyl waste products eventually produce secondary environmental pollutants, ie, carcinogens such as dioxin when burned.

Accordingly, a number of techniques have been developed for producing solid fuel using the above-mentioned wastes or mixing them with each other.

However, no systematic studies have been conducted on the most effective and efficient methods for mixing various kinds of wastes having different physical properties such as moisture content, ash content, and combustible content, in terms of the ratio .

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a solid fuel using waste wood, composite waste vinyl, sewage and manure sludge, Or timber) to optimize the content of combined waste vinyl, sewage and manure sludge and to optimize the solidification temperature, time and molding pressure for solid fuel production. That is, the object of the present invention is to produce a solid fuel which is excellent in productivity and production rate, has a low moisture and ash content, a high amount of combustible components, and a remarkably high calorific value.

Further, the present invention is to provide a solid fuel which can lower the content of harmful substances and has good physical properties as a molded product.

To achieve the above object, the solid fuel using waste according to the present invention comprises 15 to 99% by weight of a first fuel composition selected from the group consisting of wood pulp, sawdust, pure wood pulp (WCF) , 1 to 85% by weight of a second fuel composition selected from at least one of pulverized and pulverized composite waste vinyl or dry crushed sewage and manure sludge.

Here, the first fuel composition may be 20 to 80 wt%, and the second fuel composition may be 20 to 80 wt% of the composite waste vinyl.

Preferably, the first fuel composition is 20-50 wt.% And the second fuel composition is 20-40 wt.% Composite waste vinyl and 30-40 wt.% Sewage and manure sludge.

In addition, it is preferable that the second fuel composition is pulverized and pulverized waste vinyl which has been used as an article packaging material to a size of 100 mm x 00 mm or less.

In addition, the second fuel composition is preferably dried and crushed in sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant and an animal manure treatment plant.

On the other hand, another embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing a fuel composition, comprising: preparing a first fuel composition selected from the group consisting of wood pulp, sawdust, wood chip (WCF) pure wood pulp and wood pulp; Preparing a second fuel composition selected from at least one of crushing and pulverizing composite waste vinyl or dry crushed sewage and manure sludge; And forming a mixture of 15 to 99% by weight of the first fuel composition and 1 to 85% by weight of the second fuel composition.

Here, the mixing of the first fuel composition and the second fuel composition may be such that the first fuel composition is 20 to 80 wt%, and the second fuel composition is 20 to 80 wt% of the composite waste vinyl.

Preferably, the first fuel composition is 20-50 wt.% And the second fuel composition is 20-40 wt.% Composite waste vinyl and 30-40 wt.% Sewage and manure sludge.

The step of preparing the second fuel composition may include a step of firstly removing a metal component by a magnetic separator after crushing the composite waste vinyl; Selectively collecting only the composite waste vinyl polymer having the specific gravity of 0.1 or less through the wind separator; And secondly removing the metal component by the magnetic separator after pulverizing the selected composite waste vinyl.

Further, the present invention is produced by the above-described production method, wherein the first fuel composition is 20 to 80 wt%, the second fuel composition is a mixture of 20 to 80 wt% of composite waste vinyl, Wherein the fuel composition is 20 to 50 wt%, and the second fuel composition is a mixture of 20 to 40 wt% of compound waste vinyl and 30 to 40 wt% of sewage and manure sludge. Do.

The details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

This invention can be used to optimize the content of waste wood powder, sawdust, wood chip (WCF) pure waste wood and / or wood, composite waste vinyl or sewage and manure sludge, optimize solidification temperature, time and molding pressure for solid fuel production , It has an effect of producing a solid fuel which is excellent in production amount and production speed, has a low moisture and ash content, has a high amount of combustible components, and has a remarkably high calorific value.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the content of harmful substances by removing metal components by a magnetic separator during the crushing and pulverizing process of waste materials, and by selecting only raw materials having low specific gravity as a wind separator, It is possible to provide a good solid fuel.

1 is a photograph showing a solid fuel forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and a panel, a speed reducer, a motor, a dice, and a loading hopper constituting the same,
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing an example of a metering device for quantitatively supplying sludge in a process for producing a complex solid fuel according to the present invention,
3 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a solid fuel production method and a composite solid fuel pretreatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIGS. 4 to 6 are photographs showing a solid fuel molding of a waste wood mixed sample produced according to an example of the present invention,
7 is a photograph showing a solid fuel molding of a sludge / waste wood particle mixed sample produced according to an example of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is capable of various modifications and various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail in the detailed description. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

The present invention is directed to a solid fuel using waste. Among them, waste wood pulp, sawdust, pure wood pulp and wood chips (WCF) and / or timber, high calorific waste vinyl waste, sewage and manure sludge which are readily available with high waste capacity are used.

The present inventors produced a solid fuel sample by making the composition and the content of the raw materials different from each other, and made solid fuel by making the molding temperature, time, and pressure different from each other. As a result of repeated experiments, It was found that there is a large difference in the amount of production of solid fuel, production rate, moisture, ash and flammable content, and calorific value. In this process, optimization of the composition and content and optimization of solidification temperature, Thereby completing the invention.

Accordingly, the first fuel composition is selected from the group consisting of wood pulp, sawdust, wood chip (WCF) pure wood pulp and wood, and the second fuel composition comprises 20 to 80 wt% Or the first fuel composition is 20 to 50% by weight and the second fuel composition is a mixture of 20 to 40% by weight of composite waste vinyl and 30 to 40% by weight of sewage and manure sludge It is a solid fuel using waste.

In addition, it is preferable that the second fuel composition is made by crushing and pulverizing waste vinyl which has been used as an article packaging material to a size of 100 mm x 100 mm or less, and compared with waste vinyl waste used in the waste packaging material or waste agricultural waste in rural areas The amount of heat generated is low while the water content is low, and a small size is suitable for mixing with the first fuel composition.

Further, as the first fuel composition, waste wood powder, sawdust, pure wood waste wood (WCF) and / or timber have physical properties such as three different components (moisture, ash, and combustible) It is more preferable that they are contained in different contents in mixing with the second fuel composition as shown in the following examples.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a fuel cell, comprising: (S10) preparing a first fuel composition by crushing and crushing waste vinyl or waste synthetic resin; Preparing (S20) a first fuel composition selected from the group consisting of sludge, waste wood pulp, sawdust, wood chip (WCF) pure wood pulp and wood; And 20 to 80% by weight of the first fuel composition and 20 to 80% by weight of the second fuel composition composite waste vinyl, or 20 to 50% by weight of the first fuel composition and 20 to 40% And 30 to 40 wt% of sewage and manure sludge (S30). The solid fuel may be produced by using the waste.

There are no particular limitations on the size and method of crushing and pulverizing composite waste vinyl or sewage and manure sludge with the second fuel composition, and various types of crushers and crushers known in the art can be used.

As the first fuel composition, sludge, pulpwood, sawdust, wood chips (WCF), pure wood pulp and wood are all included in various forms well known in the art. This will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

The present invention relates to a fuel composition comprising 20 to 80% by weight of a first fuel composition and 20 to 80% by weight of a second fuel composition composite waste vinyl, or 20 to 50% by weight of a first fuel composition and 20 to 40 %, Sewage and manure sludge of 30 to 40% by weight to obtain a mixture. When a solid fuel is produced using such a mixture at such a mixing ratio, a solid fuel having a high production amount and a high production rate, a low moisture and ash content, a high amount of combustible matter, and a remarkably high calorific value can be produced .

The method or apparatus for molding such a mixture into a solid fuel is not particularly limited and includes all of various things known in the art, and the shape of the produced solid fuel is also not particularly limited.

Specifically, the step (S10) of preparing the second fuel composition according to the present invention may include: (S12) a step of removing the metal component by a magnetic separator after the compound waste vinyl is crushed; (S14) selecting only waste vinyl or waste synthetic resin having a specific gravity of 0.1 or less through a wind separator; And a step (S16) of secondarily removing metal components by the magnetic separator after pulverizing the selected composite waste vinyl. The present invention can reduce the content of harmful substances by removing metal components by using a magnetic separator during the crushing and pulverizing process of waste materials, and by selecting only raw materials having low specific gravity as a wind separator, It is possible to produce a solid fuel.

The present invention also provides a fuel composition comprising 20 to 80% by weight of the first fuel composition and 20 to 40% by weight of the second fuel composition composite waste vinyl, or 20 to 50% by weight of the first fuel composition, And 20 to 40% by weight of the second fuel composition composite waste vinyl, and 30 to 40% by weight of sewage and manure sludge.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using waste wood, composite waste vinyl, sewage and manure sludge, and using waste wood (waste wood, sawdust, wood chip (WCF) pure wood waste and / By optimizing the content of combined waste vinyl, sewage and manure sludge, and optimizing the solidification temperature, time and molding pressure for solid fuel production, it not only has excellent production and production rates, but also low moisture and ash content, The solid fuel having a high content and a significantly high calorific value can be produced.

The present invention may be better understood by the following examples, which are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.

Example 1: Preparation of sample

In this embodiment, in order to carry out the mixing and molding test of waste wood, waste synthetic resin, sewage and manure sludge, wastes generated in a large amount in the industrial process and easy to handle are selected as the objects to be molded in this experiment.

The selected samples are used for the molding test of single substances and mixed materials as mixed materials of 5 types of waste wood (wood, sawdust, waste wood, WCF, wood), mixed waste vinyl, sewage and manure sludge to be used as main material in solid fuel molding The samples were directly sampled and sampled at the most representative points and time points.

Table 1 summarizes the form and status of the selected samples for each sample.

division Picture Contents Waste vinyl
(mix)

* Mostly plastic packaging material
* Organic waste (food, dirt, etc.) is deposited inside the plastic, and it is emitted.
* Compressed state Sludge

* High moisture content
* High viscosity and odor Pulpwood powder

* Residues after crushing of wood
* Particle size is small and it is advantageous for mixing.
* It is discarded after production, so there is added value when recycled compared to other timber. sawdust

* Shredded residue of wood
* Sold as 60,000 won per ton WCF

* Shredding residues of upholstery
* Mixture of organic solvent such as paint Pure wood pulp

* Wood waste
* Can be directly injected into incinerator Tree

* Pure wood is big in size
* Contains a large amount of tree branches.

Example 2: Manufacturing apparatus

The composite solid fuel forming test according to the present invention comprises a pretreatment unit (primary crushing - secondary crushing - wind power sorting - crushing) and a screw dies type crushing unit (external supply) of a composite solid fuel production process. same.

* RPF molding device (Screw dies type)

In this experiment, pre-treatment of the sample was carried out through the procedure from waste incineration to crushing process (primary crushing - secondary crushing - wind power sorting - crushing), and the molding was performed by using 2 ton / day capacity Molding apparatus was used.

FIG. 1 shows such a solid fuel molding apparatus, and a panel, a speed reducer, a motor, a dice, and a hopper constituting the same, and detailed specifications are as shown in Table 2 below.

Item Contents Remarks Type Screw dies
(Compression molding) - Volume 2 ton / hr Supplier Standard Temp. ~ 250 ° C Hot wire 2kW 28ea Dies you 20mm * 96ea -

* Sludge / waste dosing device

The dosing device shown in FIG. 2 and the following Table 3 is a device for quantitatively supplying sludge in a process of producing a solid fuel, and it mixes sludge / waste in connection with a waste distribution device, It is also responsible for transferring.

Item Contents Remarks Storage tank * Capacity 1.5 Stirring device * Type: Screw type
* Motor: 3HP, reverse rotation, speed control Quantity discharge device * Type: Screw type
* Carrying capacity: 1 / h
* Motor: 3HP, forward rotation, speed control

Example 3: Preparation method

3 is a flow chart showing the procedure of the solid fuel production method and the composite solid fuel (combustible waste + sludge flow) pretreatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, when the target waste (mixed waste vinyl) is crushed in a primary crusher and then passed through a secondary crusher, the waste is discharged to 200 * 200 or lower, and the metal components are firstly removed through a fixed magnetic separator, do. Then, the crushed waste is discharged to 100 * 100 or less, and mixed with the sludge to be supplied to the discharge part in a fixed amount. The mixed sludge and wastes are transferred to a conveyor, fed into a molding machine, and then discharged into a molded composite solid fuel product.

Example 4: Preparation of solid fuel

According to the present invention, the main material used in the complex solid fuel molding experiment was prepared as a solid fuel product by mixing 5 kinds of waste wood (wood powder, sawdust, wood pulp, WCF, wood), mixed waste vinyl, sewage and manure sludge. Table 4 shows the results of single-material molding experiments using waste wood.

division Molded fuel picture Temperature
(° C) time
(min) pressure
(kg _f / cm ²⁾ density
(g / cm ³⁾ Remarks Wood flour

160 8 200 0.9630 Good Wood chips

160 8 200 0.7911 Good Waste wood

160 8 200 0.9200 Good Tree

160 8 200 0.9215 Good sawdust

160 8 200 0.9744 Good

For the main analysis of the target samples, the property analysis and the product evaluation were performed according to the criteria by selecting the property analysis items corresponding to the raw and solid fuel products as shown in Table 5 below.

Experimental Example 1: Analysis of Physical Properties of Raw Samples

For the production of the composite solid fuel product according to the present invention, five types of waste wood (wood, sawdust, wood waste, WCF, wood), mixed waste vinyl, sewage and manure sludge were selected and tested. The properties of the samples are shown in Table 1, and Tables 6 and 7 show the values of the ternary amounts, calories and specific gravity of the raw materials.

Item Target sample
Composite lung vinyl Sludge
Proximate Analysis
(Three-
component)
Moisture (wt%) 10.05 65.41 combustible material (wt%) 72.57 10.38 Ash (wt%) 17.38 24.21 Heat of combustion (kcal / kg) 9,082 1,472 Apparent Specific Gravity 0.0160 0.8080

Experimental Example 2: Screw dies type molding apparatus production amount and yield

In order to investigate the yield and yield of the molding machine, the test was divided into three types: main molding, sludge / waste wood, other neck classification and mixed sample. The operation temperature at the start of molding was set to 180 ° C and then proceeded.

As shown in Table 8 below, composite vils were applied to the main mold test and the production rate was 0.42 ton / hr and 81.48% yield. The sludge and waste wood samples showed a yield of 0.52 ton / hr and a yield of 76.47%. Other wood waste and mixed sample tests yielded a yield of 0.53 ton / hr and a yield of 81.25%.

division input
(kg) Injection time
(minute[']) Feed rate
(kg / hr) output
(kg) Production speed
(kg / hr) yield
(%) Waste vinyl 40 4' 600.00 460 424.61 81.48 Pulpwood S_1 80 6 '24 " 750.00 520 517.41 76.47 Pulpwood powder S_2 80 7 '27' 644.30 Pulpwood powder S_3 80 6 '17 " 763.93 Pulpwood powder S_4 80 4 '49' 996.54 Sawdust S_1 80 5 '51 " 820.51 651.09 529.01 81.25 Sawdust S_2 80 6 '34 " 730.96 Sawdust S_3 80 5 '39' 849.55 Sludge / wood flour S_1_ 80 5 '40 " 847.06 Sludge / wood flour S_2 80 7 '27' 644.30 Sludge / wood flour S_3 80 4 '45 " 1,010.53 Sludge / wood flour S_4 80 6 '57 " 690.65 WCF 80 7 '10 " 669.77 Waste wood 80 7 '34 " 634.36 Tree 80 7 '59 " 601.25

The solid fuel production rate for the three operating conditions was considered to have affected the production rate and yield due to the high water content of the waste vinyl in the main molding test and 0.52 ton / hr in the test for sludge and waste wood powder And 0.53 ton / hr in other waste wood classification and mixed sample test.

Experimental Example 3: Production of solid fuel products

Experimental Example 3-1: Single Molding Experiment of Main Material

Experiments were performed on waste wood to be used as a main molding material in this experiment, and the operation temperature was set to 160 ° C at the start of molding. The solid fuel production rate for the three types of moldings was 0.42 ton / hr on average, which was considerably lower.

The photographs and physical property analysis results of the solid fuel moldings of the mixed waste vinyl mixture samples prepared according to the present invention are shown in Table 9 below.

division Molded fuel picture Temperature
(° C) time
(min) pressure
(kg _f / cm ²⁾ density
(g / cm ³⁾ Calorific value
(kcal / kg) Wood flour

180 8 100 0.9666 4,175 Wood chips

180 8 100 0.9853 4,702 Waste wood

180 8 100 0.8243 4,565 Tree

180 8 100 0.8167 4,687 sawdust

180 8 100 1.0128 4,128

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 3-2: Molding Experiment According to the Mixing of Compounded Vinyls

In this experiment, mixed waste vinyls were mixed with waste wood (pulpwood, sawdust, wood pulp, WCF, wood) which is the main raw material, and the operation temperature was set to 160 ° C at the start of molding. The solid fuel production rate for waste wood products was as high as 0.52 ton / hr on average.

Photographs and physical property analysis results of the solid fuel moldings of the mixed waste vinyl mixed samples produced according to the present invention are shown in Tables 10 to 12 below.

* Mixed result of 70% of waste wood + 30% of waste synthetic resin division Molded fuel picture Temperature
(° C) time
(min) pressure
(kg _f / cm ²⁾ density
(g / cm ³⁾ Calorific value
(kcal / kg) Wood flour

180 8 100 0.8693 5,970 Wood chips

180 8 100 0.8750 6,389 Waste wood

180 8 100 0.7657 6,292 Tree

180 8 100 0.7474 6,378 sawdust

180 8 100 0.8585 5,937

* 50% of waste wood + 50% of waste synthetic resin Experiment result division Molded fuel picture Temperature
(° C) time
(min) pressure
(kg _f / cm ²⁾ density
(g / cm ³⁾ Calorific value
(kcal / kg) Wood flour

180 8 100 0.7928 7,166 Wood chips

180 8 100 0.7731 7,513 Waste wood

180 8 100 0.7492 7,444 Tree

180 8 100 0.6544 7,505 sawdust

180 8 100 0.7423 7,142

* 30% of waste wood + 70% of waste synthetic resin division Molded fuel picture Temperature
(° C) time
(min) pressure
(kg _f / cm ²⁾ density
(g / cm ³⁾ Calorific value
(kcal / kg) Wood flour

180 8 100 0.6392 8,362 Wood chips

180 8 100 0.6306 8,637 Waste wood

180 8 100 0.6140 8,596 Tree

180 8 100 0.6403 8,632 sawdust

180 8 100 0.6229 8,348

Experimental Example 3-3: Molding Experiment According to Mixed Waste Vinyl / Sewage and Poultry Sludge Mixing

In this experiment, 15 ~ 35% of sewage and manure sludge were mixed with 30 ~ 70% of mixed waste vinyl sludge, and the operation temperature was set to 180 ℃ at the start of molding.

Photographs and physical property analysis results of the solid fuel moldings of the mixed waste vinyl / sewage and manure sludge mixture samples prepared according to the present invention are shown in Tables 13 to 14 below.

* Mixed waste wood 35% + sewage / manure sludge 35% + mixed waste vinyl 30% division Molded fuel picture Temperature
(° C) time
(min) pressure
(kg _f / cm ²⁾ density
(g / cm ³⁾ Calorific value
(kcal / kg) Wood flour

180 8 100 0.8240 6,920 Wood chips

180 8 100 0.8599 7,253 Waste wood

180 8 100 0.8891 7,205 Tree

180 8 100 0.9890 7,248 sawdust

180 8 100 0.8783 6,903

15% of waste wood + 15% of sewage / manure sludge + 70% of mixed waste vinyls division Molded fuel picture Temperature
(° C) time
(min) pressure
(kg _f / cm ²⁾ density
(g / cm ³⁾ Calorific value
(kcal / kg) Wood flour

180 8 100 0.8272 8,214 Wood chips

180 8 100 0.8974 8,665 Waste wood

180 8 100 0.7324 8,403 Tree

180 8 100 0.8280 8,332 sawdust

180 8 100 0.8264 8,024

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made.

Claims (7)

delete delete delete Preparing a first fuel composition having at least one selected from the group consisting of wood flour, sawdust, wood pulp, wood chips (WCF), and timber;
Preparing pulverized and pulverized composite waste vinyl;
Preparing dry crushed sewage and manure sludge; And
Compressing and heating a mixture of 20 to 50% by weight of the first fuel composition and 20 to 40% by weight of the composite waste vinyl with 30 to 40% by weight of the sewage and manure sludge,
The step of preparing the composite waste vinyl comprises a crushing step of crushing waste vinyl into a size of less than 200 mm x 200 mm; A first magnetic force selecting step of firstly removing metal components by a stationary magnetic separator after the crushing step; a wind power selecting step of selecting a specific gravity less than 0.1 by the wind power separator after the magnetic force selecting step; A second magnetic force selecting step of secondarily removing the metal component by the fixed magnetic separator after the wind power selecting step, and a grinding step of grinding to a size of less than 100 mm x 100 mm after the second magnetic force selecting step,
Wherein the molding is input hopper, a screw, and when forming for 8 min at 100kg _f / cm ² the temperature of the pressure, 180 ℃ skew flow die (dies Screw types)-forming apparatus comprising a die and a density of 0.82g / cm < ³ >, and a calorific value of 6900 kcal / kg or more. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the composite waste vinyl is a wrapping paper used as an article packaging material. delete delete

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