KR101532086B1

KR101532086B1 - System for Railroad stabilization Management using UHF RFID technique

Info

Publication number: KR101532086B1
Application number: KR1020140019494A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이학용; 이기서; 최의선; 김재식; 이상호
Original assignee: (주)소노비젼; 광운대학교 산학협력단
Priority date: 2013-02-20
Filing date: 2014-02-20
Publication date: 2015-06-29
Also published as: KR20140104381A; WO2015126110A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a moving object stabilization management system and an implementation method using a UHF band RFID technology capable of positioning, fixing, stopping and preventing deviation of a moving object (railway vehicle) using UHF band RFID technology.
To this end, the RFID system according to the railway environment is divided into a vehicle base RFID system, a safe operation zone RFID system, and a platform zone RFID system. In the present invention, the main technologies are divided into three types. The first is RFID reader technology. The reader technology requires RF design technology, signal processing technology and external interface technology for reliable recognition of vehicle speed and driver's information transmission. The second is tag technology. The main tag technology is an active tag technology with high efficient performance and switching that operates stably to the signal change of the signal to transmit information to the RFID reader by judging the information of the floor attachment type passive tag technology and the signal. The third is wireless transmission technology.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for stabilizing a railway vehicle using UHF band RFID technology,

The present invention relates to a railway vehicle stabilization management system using a UHF band RFID technology capable of positioning, stopping, stopping, and preventing derailment of a moving object (railway vehicle) using 900 MHz UHF band RFID technology.

Generally, a railway vehicle uses a fixed position on a certain rail, and is used as a transportation means for accommodating a large number of people, or as a railway transportation means for transferring a large amount of materials at a time.

These railway vehicles are made of heavy materials, which causes friction and aging of many accessories such as wheels during operation, and it is essential to manage them periodically.

That is, in the conventional case, the management system of the railway car operating agency performs the work by writing the information on the button memory system or the identification tag, inspecting it from time to time by the inspector, recording it on the work style by hand, and inputting it to the computer.

The existing railway vehicle uses a signal-type track circuit to make a smooth running of the curved track, and it uses a communication-based train control system (CBTC) to safely operate the railway vehicle. A track circuit is a circuit that detects a train on a rail by using the rail as a part of an electric circuit, and transmits the information on the ground by using the rail as a transmission path. In the curved railway track of a traveling railway car, the phenomenon that the rail is tilted transversely due to the centrifugal force is operated by a cantilever (CANT) which is installed at a high outer side of the railway, in order to prevent derailment of the railway vehicle due to the tilting phenomenon, .

In addition, the railway vehicle stop position automatic measuring device measures whether the exit of the railway vehicle is located at the landing / landing portion of the landing platform when the railway vehicle stops on the platform.

However, the existing railway vehicle stop position automatic measuring device is a measuring device that stops at the exact position of the railway vehicle entering the history and prevents derailment of the curved track on the starting line of the railway base. It is measured and managed using RFID reader and tag It was not.

An object of the present invention is to provide a moving object stabilization management system and an implementation method capable of positioning, fixing, stopping and preventing derailment of a moving object (railroad and vehicle) using 900 MHz UHF band RFID technology.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the railway vehicle stabilization management system using the UHF band RFID technology transmits the tag recognition information and the speed information of the railway vehicle through the integrated antenna in the 2.4 GHz band to the control center, A 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) connected to the computer via RFID middleware, which transmits sensing information via an external interface including a connected LED and alarm, a communication modem inside the vehicle, A vehicle lower antenna installed at a lower portion of the railway car and recognizing the tags on the bottom of the railway rail; At least one bottom attachment tag communicating with a vehicle lower antenna of the railway vehicle and attached to a railway rail bottom in a vehicle base station area, a preliminary danger zone, and a danger zone; And at least one wall-mounted tag attached to a tunnel wall of a railway vehicle on the same line as the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader and antenna in a safe operating area, wherein the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual- (Tag 1, tag 1-1, tag 2, tag 2-1) of the railway rail in the vehicle stop zone, the preliminary danger zone, the danger zone, and the safe zone. (Tag 4-1, tag 4-2, .., tag 4-2) attached to the tunnel wall of the electric railway are used for the integrated 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader and the integrated antenna. 4-N), and a 900MHz UHF band RFID reader and an integrated antenna, a car bottom antenna and a tag system are installed in all the railway sections, And the safe operation management of the derailment is performed.

The floor mounting tags and the wall surface mounting tags are used in all the sections without power supply to passive tags using the 900 MHz UHF band and are communicated with the dual band integrated RFID reader.

The tags being the bottom attachment passive tag, a tag 1 for informing the driver of the departure of the train at the stopping area; A tag 1-1 for notifying the driver or the control center through the external interface that the train enters the preliminary danger zone from the stop zone; A tag 2 for notifying the entry into the danger zone in the preliminary danger zone; An active tag 2-1 having an active tag having a switching function for floor mounting, which is operated in cooperation with a signaling device and has switching to indicate that it has entered a safe driving area in a dangerous area; A tag 3 for notifying the driver of entry into the main line in the initial safe driving section; This tag is a floor mount passive tag attached to the bottom of a railway rail of a derailment bifurcation. It is a tag that allows information to be transmitted to the driver and the control center through external interfaces (LED, alarm, computer and modem) 3-1; (900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader) for recognizing the tags 4-1, 4-2, ... 4-N installed on the wall of the railway as the channel 2 (Channel 1 > channel 2) of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader is instructed to the control center to inform the control center that the vehicle is normally located on the same line, Tags 4-1 to 4-N for detecting the positions of the tags 4-1 to 4-N; A tag 5-1 and a tag 5-N for detecting the position of the railway car when the railway vehicle enters the platform in the safe driving section; A passive tag 6 for entering the platform for informing the driver to decelerate the speed of the railway vehicle; Tag 6-N, a passive tag for floor mounting installed in the history after the platform entry point; Tag 7 of the stopping point of the railway vehicle in the platform entry area; And an active tag tag 7-1 that recognizes the railroad vehicle in a stationary state and operates in accordance with the operation of the signaler.

The tag 2-1 is an active tag that operates by receiving the information of the signal device. The tag 2-1 is composed of a power supply circuit unit for converting AC220V to DC12V, an RF switch unit having a switching function, and an antenna unit having an indirect structure with the microchip The antenna unit is formed of a cavity-shaped antenna to have high directivity, and the polarization of the antenna unit is circularly polarized.

In the area change area 1 from the vehicle base to the safe operation area operated at a constant speed, the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader operates as an integrated reader antenna (channel 2) in the vehicle lower antenna (channel 1). In the safe operation area, the RFID system places the tags at a certain distance, and the number of tags is changed from tag 4 to tag 4-1 and tag 4-2 to tag 4-N and tag 5 And the tag spacing is such that the distance between the two tags is input from the integrated RFID reader 1, and the tag 4-2 and tag 4-2 in the integrated RFID reader 1 4-3, and transmits it to the driver and the control center system through the external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader, And when the abnormality occurs, it directly transfers to the control center system to manage the flow of the railway vehicle.

In the zone change area 2 entering the platform area from the safe running area of the railway car, when the tag 5 of the entry point of the history (platform) is recognized in the safe running area of the main railway, the railway vehicle enters the platform area (LED, Alarm) of the above 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader to inform the driver by LED and alarm, to brake the vehicle, to slow down the speed of the railway vehicle, And operates the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated type RFID reader after switching from the channel 2 of the tag for attaching the wall to the channel 1 of the tags for attaching the floor by operating the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader after recognizing the tag 5.

When the floor attachment tag 6 and the tag 6-1, which recognize a platform installation installed at a certain distance, are recognized in the area where the railway vehicle enters the platform, the speed of the railway vehicle is read to the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader, the information is transmitted to the driver and the control center system, and the brake of the vehicle is operated to gradually increase the speed of the railway vehicle The tag 7-1 in front of the tag 7 recognizes the stationary state of the railway vehicle in the platform entry area, And an active tag that operates according to the operation is used.

The vehicle lower antenna is installed at a position in front of the vehicle front or at the rear of the front of the vehicle and radiates while having directivity on the bottom surface of the railway rail and radiates each radiator (radiator 1 ANT1, radiator 2 ANT2, radiator 3 (Rx2, Rx3, Rx4) are used for transmitting and receiving (Tx / Rx1) and emitters 2, 3 and 4 are used for receiving only , The spacing D between the emitters must be independent and must be greater than 1λ and metal walls are provided between the emitters ANT1, ANT2, ANT3 and ANT4 to ensure isolation. do.

A 900MHz RFID reader and a RFID reader antenna in the lower part of the vehicle are used for the stabilization management of the railway vehicle using the 900MHz UHF band RFID. The RFID system using the RFID tag equipped with the tag for floor attachment and the tag for wall attachment of the electric railway rail for rail position detection, The information about the operation is transmitted to the driver or the control center to prevent the stop of the railway, the derailment of the railway, and the position of the train, thereby securing the safe operation, thereby preventing the physical and personal damage. In addition, we will secure new technology for railway and establish a new opportunity for railway IT convergence.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an RFID reader and a tag for a railway stabilization management system.
2 is a view for explaining a first zone change area RFID system.
3 is a diagram for explaining a stable operation area RFID system.
4 is a diagram for explaining a second area change area RFID system.
Fig. 5 is a view for explaining the operation of the safe running zone, the danger zone and the preliminary danger zone.
6 is a block diagram for explaining an onboard reader.
7A and 7B are views for explaining the structure of the radiator.
8A and 8B are views for explaining an integrated reader antenna.
9 is a view for explaining an active tag having a switching function, a lightning prevention function, and an RF BLOCK function.
10 is a diagram for explaining an information flow related to the operation of the railway stabilization management system.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, an RFID implementation system adapted to a railroad environment is divided into a vehicle base RFID system, a safe operation zone RFID system, and a platform zone RFID system. The main techniques of the present invention are roughly divided into three. The first is 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band RFID reader technology. The 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band RFID reader technology requires RF design technology, signal processing technology and external interface technology for reliable recognition of vehicle speed and driver's information transfer. The second is 900MHz tag technology. The main tag technology uses an active tag technology with a high efficiency performance and switching that operates stably in the signal change of a signal in order to determine the information of the floor attachment type passive tag and the signal and transmit it to the RFID reader. The third is wireless transmission technology. In order to recognize the speed of the railway vehicle, the main radio transmission technology is required to realize the beam width of the tag antenna, the beam width of the reader antenna, and the technique of removing the interference in the railroad environment.

1 is a block diagram for explaining an RFID reader and a tag for a railway stabilization management system.

The RFID system of the vehicle base is a region where the moving vehicle, the railway vehicle, is stopped and the vehicle speed is low. Vehicle base area is divided into stopping area, preliminary dangerous area, dangerous area, and safe driving area. In each region, railway vehicles have different vehicle speeds.

The railway vehicle is equipped with a 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) 100 connected to a computer through an RFID middleware having a communication modem inside the vehicle, and has a vehicle lower antenna 300.

At the bottom of the railway rail, floor attachment tags (Tag 1, Tag 1-1, Tag 2, Tag 2-1) are installed on the bottom of the railway by area in the stopping area, preliminary dangerous area, dangerous area and safe driving area.

The vehicle base includes a stop zone in which a tag for detecting a train position (tag 1, tag 1-1) is installed, a preliminary danger zone in which a tag 2 is installed, a danger zone in which a tag 2-1 operated in conjunction with a signal unit is installed, 3, and a safe operation zone in which the tag 3-1 is installed at the derailment bifurcation point.

The railway vehicle stabilization management system using the UHF band RFID technology of the present invention transmits the tag recognition information and the speed information of the railway vehicle through the integrated antenna in the 2.4 GHz band to the control center or the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader A 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) 100 that transmits detection information through an external interface including a connected LED and an alarm, a communication modem inside the vehicle, ); A vehicle lower antenna 300 installed at a lower portion of the railway car and recognizing tags of the railway rail bottom; At least one bottom attachment tag communicating with a vehicle lower antenna of the railway vehicle and attached to a railway rail bottom in a vehicle base station area, a preliminary danger zone, and a danger zone; And at least one wall surface attaching tag attached to a tunnel wall of a railway vehicle on the same line as the integrated RFID reader and antenna in a safe operation area,

(Tag 1, tag 1-1, tag 2, tag 2-1) of the railway rail in the vehicle stop zone, the preliminary danger zone, the danger zone, and the safe zone Channel 1 is formed,

Channel 2 which is used for the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band RFID reader and the integrated antenna and recognizes the wall-mounted tags (tags 4-1, 4-2, ..., 4-N) attached to the tunnel wall of the electric railway Is formed,

The 900MHz UHF band RFID reader and the integrated antenna and the vehicle bottom antenna and tag system are installed in all railway sections to be used for the safe operation of the railroad car and the derailment of the railway car by area.

And the bottom attaching tags and the wall surface attaching tags are communicated with the dual band integrated RFID reader using a 900 MHz band.

In the stationary area of the vehicle base, the railway vehicle (moving body) does not move and stops and the vehicle is maintained and inspected. At this time, the RFID system is configured as follows. The RFID system (RFID reader 1) located in the railway vehicle operates.

Since the vehicle travels at a low speed, it operates in the driver mode. Therefore, in the vehicle base, the RFID system that links the signal system is required, and the tag attachment is at the bottom. When the train is powered on, the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader 1 operates simultaneously with the vehicle lower antenna 100 and the integrated antenna 100, receives 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader LEDs and alarms are notified to the driver through external interfaces (LED, alarm, computer and modem) and information is transmitted to the control center system.

The tag 1 is a tag for attaching the floor (passive tag), and is a tag for notifying a driver of the departure of a train in a stop area.

The tag 1-1 is a tag for floor attachment (passive tag), installed at a critical position of the preliminary dangerous zone in the stop zone, recognized by the RFID reader 1 (lower antenna of the vehicle), and when the train enters the preliminary danger zone , A floor mount passive tag that notifies the operator or the control center through the external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of a 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader.

Tag 2 is a tag for floor attachment (passive tag), and it is a passive tag that indicates that it has entered the danger zone in the preliminary danger zone.

The tag 2-1 is an active tag having a switching function, and is an active tag having a switching function. The tag 2-1 is operated according to a signal, and indicates switching to a safe driving area in a dangerous area.

Tag 3 is a tag for floor attachment (passive tag), which is a passive tag that informs the driver that he / she has entered the main line in the initial safe driving section.

The tag 3-1 installed at the derailment bifurcation is a bottom attachment tag (passive tag) that detects when the railroad derailment derails. When recognizing the tag 3-1 attached to the bottom of the railroad rail at the derailment bifurcation, the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated type LEDs and alarms are notified to the driver through the external interface (LED, Alarm) of the RFID reader, and information is transmitted to the control center system through the 2.4GHz antenna to prevent the derailment from operating in the railway system.

Zone change zone 1 The RFID system is a zone that changes from a vehicle station to a safe operation zone. In this area, the onboard reader (900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader) operates as an integrated reader antenna (Channel 2) on the undercarriage antenna (Channel 1). Tag 4 is a passive floor attachment tag, and the tags 4-1, 4-2, and 4-N installed on the tunnel wall of the electric railway are identical to the integrated reader (900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader) (Passive tag) positioned on the wall.

The tags for wall mounting (tag 4-1, tag 4-2, tag 4-N) are attached to the tunnel walls or railway facilities. The driver of the vehicle recognizes the tag 4 and switches the operation of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader of the vehicle from the channel 1 of the bottom attachment tag to the channel 2 of the side attachment tag. The tag 4-1 and the tag 4-2 Let ... tag 4-N be recognized. In zone change zone 1, mode switching from channels 1 of the floor mount tag to channels 2 of the wall mount tags on the main rail electric railway must be done and information about the tag is passed to the driver and the control center.

2 is a view for explaining a first zone change area RFID system.

The safe operation area RFID system is a section where the railway car runs at a constant speed and performs safe operation. In this area, the speed of the vehicle is constant because it is a safe area. In this case, the RFID system needs to focus on locating trains.

The location information technology is mainly based on the GPS technology or based on the base station location information of the mobile communication network. However, the GPS signal is not received in the area where the railroad car is tunneled or jamming occurs. Therefore, in the present invention, the RFID system places the tags at a predetermined distance in the safe driving area. The number of tags is the number of tags 4 - 1, 4 - 2, 4 - N, 5 - N, 5 - 3, 5 - 2, 5 - -1.

The distance between two tags is input by the RFID reader, and the external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem) is calculated by calculating the recognition time of the tag 4-2 and the tag 4-3 in the RFID reader 1 To the system of the driver and the control center. If an abnormality occurs in the low speed running of the railway vehicle, it is immediately transmitted to the control center so that the flow of the railway vehicle can be grasped.

3 is a diagram for explaining a stable operation area RFID system.

Zone change area 2 The RFID system is a platform entry area in the railway safe operating area. In this region, the speed of the railway vehicle gradually decreases.

In the zone change area 2 entering the platform area from the safe running area of the railway car, when the tag 5 of the entry point of the history (platform) is recognized in the safe running area of the main railway, the railway vehicle enters the platform area (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader to inform the driver of the information by LED and alarm and to brake the railway vehicle to reduce the speed of the railway vehicle, At the same time, it transmits information to the control center system, recognizes tag 5, and operates by switching the operation of 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated reader from channel 2 of tags for wall mounting to channel 1 of tags for floor attachment.

The tag 5 at the entry point of the railway vehicle in the safe operating area of the main railway carries information to the driver and the control center through the external interface (LED, Alarm) that the railway vehicle has entered the platform area. The driver recognizes tag 5 and switches the operation of reader 1 from channel 2 to channel 1.

When the railway vehicle recognizes the tag 5 at the entry point of the platform in the safe operation area of the main line, it informs the driver of the railway vehicle through the external interface (LED, Alarm) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader, So that the speed of the railway vehicle is reduced.

4 is a diagram for explaining a second area change area RFID system.

Platform area The RFID system is the area where railway vehicles enter the platform. Tag 6 is a bottom attachment tag (passive tag) that recognizes platform entry. The tag 6 and the tag 6-1 are used to calculate the speed of the railway vehicle based on the distance traveled per unit time sensed by the lower antenna of the vehicle with a constant distance, and the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader determines 900MHz / 2.4GHz LEDs and alarms are notified to the driver through the external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of the dual band integrated RFID reader, and the diversion information is transmitted to the control center system through the 2.4GHz antenna.

Finally, recognizing tag 6-N-1 and tag 6-N, it informs the driver through external interface (LED, alarm) and activates the brake of the vehicle to gradually reduce the speed of the railway vehicle. Tag 7 is a tag that recognizes the stopping point of the railway vehicle in the platform entry area. The driver immediately stops the railway vehicle after recognizing the tag 7. The tag 7-1 at the front of the tag 7 is an active tag that recognizes the railroad vehicle in a stationary state and operates in accordance with the operation of the signaling device. The departure will proceed in the same way as in Zone Change Zone 1.

5 is a view for explaining the operation of the safe driving area, the dangerous area and the preliminary dangerous area.

Term Definition

RFID reader 1: 2 channel car reader (channel 1 - tags for floor attachment, tags for channel 2 - wall attachment)

Tag 1 is a tag for floor attachment (passive tag), and a tag

Tag 1-1 is a tag for floor attachment (passive tag), a tag that informs the driver or the control center through the external interface that the train has entered the danger zone from the stop area,

Tag 2 is a tag for floor attachment (passive tag), a tag indicating that the dangerous zone has entered the preliminary danger zone,

The tag 2-1 is a tag for attaching the floor (an active tag having a switching function), a tag that operates in conjunction with a signal device and indicates that the device has entered a safe operation area in a dangerous area,

Tag 3 is a tag for attaching the floor (passive tag), a tag that notifies the driver of the entry into the main line in the initial safe driving section,

The tag 3-1 is a tag for floor attachment (passive tag), and the tag 3-1 installed at a derailment bifurcation recognizes a tag for floor attachment, which is detected when a railroad derailment is derailed, , Alarm, computer and modem) to the driver and the control center to prevent the derailment from operating in the railway system.

Tag 4 is a tag for attaching to a wall (passive tag), and notifies the control center that it normally enters the safe driving section, and also provides a tag for instructing the driver to change the channel (channel 1-> channel 2)

The tag 4-1 to the tag 4-N are a wall-mounted tag (passive tag), and are integrated with the tag 4-1, 4-2, ... 4-N installed on the tunnel wall of the railway, A wall-mounted tag that is located on the same line as a reader (900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader) and detects the position of a railway vehicle in a safe traveling section,

The tag 5-1 and the tag 5-N are tags for detecting the position of the railway vehicle when the railway vehicle enters the platform in the safe running section,

Tag 6 is a passive tag for floor mounting and is a passive tag for platform entrance to let the driver know the speed of the railway car,

Tag 6-N is a passive tag for floor mounting installed in the history after the platform entry point,

Tag 7 is the tag of the stop point of the railway vehicle in the platform entry area,

The tag 7-1 is an active tag tag that recognizes when the railway vehicle in the platform entry area is in a stopped state and operates in accordance with the operation of the signaling device.

6 is a block diagram for explaining an onboard reader.

The 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band all-in-one RFID reader is the next generation leader. The integrated RFID reader 1 uses 2-channel. One channel is used to recognize bottom attachment tags (tags 1, 1-1, 2, 2-1, 3, 3-1 ...) with a vehicle lower antenna (reader antenna attached to the lower part of the vehicle). 2 channels are used for 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader and integrated antenna, and are used to recognize the tags for wall mounting (tag 4-1, 4-2, .. 4-N).

The cable length of the vehicle lower antenna is 20m so that it can be attached to any part of the vehicle. The vehicle lower antenna may be located at the front of the vehicle and at the front of the vehicle.

The bottom antenna of the vehicle emits radiation with directivity on the bottom surface, and each radiator (ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, ANT4) independently emits. Generally, an array antenna synthesizes a beam in an antenna arrangement state, and a vehicle lower antenna used in the present invention is a concept opposite to an antenna arrangement principle. The radiator of the antenna has two or more radiators. Emitter 1 is used for both transmission and reception (Tx / Rx1), and emitters 2, 3, and 4 are used for reception only (Rx2, Rx3, Rx4). The number of emitters increases with the vehicle speed. For example, if the number of radiators is 4, the speed of the vehicle has a maximum speed of 587 km / h.

Since the railway vehicle is a moving object with speed, the signal transmitted from the RFID reader antenna is transmitted to the tag and receives the tag signal. However, since the railway vehicle is moving, if the tag signal moves before reaching the reader antenna, it can not recognize the tag signal. In this environment, the speed of the vehicle and the distance between the tag and the reader antenna must be checked in order to operate the 900MHz UHF band RFID system. In a general RFID system, the recognition speed for a moving object can be calculated using the following equation (1). (Based on a data transmission rate of 75 kbps)

The speed that can be perceived in the rail vehicle environment is 140 km / h (75kbps standard). For example, an integrated RFID reader system should be used at 140 km / h and a transmission / reception separation system should be used at high speeds of 140 km / h or more.

The power feeding unit is divided into a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The power feeding unit used in the receiving unit uses a power combiner or a power divider. The power feeding unit is configured to have the same length so that a constant transmission signal can be received. Also, Balun is used to remove the EMI noise in the lower part of the vehicle at the feeding part used in the receiving part.

7A and 7B are views for explaining the structure of the radiator.

The spacing (D) between the emitters is not less than 1λ since they must be radiated independently. A metal wall is placed between the emitters (ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, ANT4) to ensure isolation.

The integrated antenna is used as an antenna of a 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader. The radiator of the integral antenna has a cylindrical shape. The beam shape of the antenna has a beam of a directional antenna. This is a shape beam which is easy to recognize the segment type tag when the vehicle is running. The antenna input is equipped with a high-voltage lightning arrestor to solve the EMI problem in the railway. In addition, the tag 4 or the tags 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, .., and 4-N are installed at the same height of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader and the integral antenna. If the beam direction of the tag for wall mounting and the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and the integral antenna are not coincident with each other, a false reflection occurs due to irregular reflection.

8A and 8B are views for explaining an integrated reader antenna.

In the present invention, a passive tag and an active tag are used. The active tag (tag 2-1) should have high directivity and switching function. 8A and 8B are block diagrams of the tags studied in the present invention. As shown in the figure, the active tag 2-1 which operates in response to the information of the signaling unit is composed of a power supply circuit unit for converting AC220V to DC12V, an RF switch unit having a switching function, and an antenna unit having an indirect structure with a microchip. The antenna section is constituted by a cavity type antenna to have a high directivity. The polarization of the antenna section should be circularly polarized.

9 is a view for explaining an active tag having a switching function, a lightning prevention function, and an RF BLOCK function.

A 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and an integrated antenna installed in the driver's seat of a railway car are installed, and a lightning protector is provided. A 900MHz beam shape recognizes tags attached to a wall of a railroad rail when traveling on a railway vehicle.

The 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band RFID reader and antenna are connected to the computer and the modem through RFID middleware. When recognizing tags for floor attachment and tags for wall attachment, the driver of the railway car is informed by LED, Tag recognition information indicating derailment or safe operation information, and communicates with the control room through a 2.4 GHz antenna.

10 is a view for explaining interference factors in a railroad environment.

Interference factors in railway vehicles include EMI interference due to high frequency disturbance and electrostatic induction disturbance and diffuse interference due to metal surface. High-frequency disturbance refers to disturbances caused by various electronic products in the lower part of the vehicle. The electrostatic induction disturbance refers to the high voltage wires and the ground fault. Reflection interference refers to the interference caused by the metal components in the lower part of the vehicle. We need to study how to eliminate this interference by using the tag antenna structural part and antenna polarization technique.

A tag antenna structure that can be used in a railway environment should use an indirect structure type antenna. The structure of the antenna is classified according to the feeding method. The antenna feeding method uses a direct feeding method and an indirect feeding method. The direct feed method is a method of directly connecting a radiator to a signal, and the indirect feed method transmits a signal to a radiator by an electromagnetic coupling. The indirect feed type antenna structure can extend the antenna bandwidth compared to the direct feed method and has the advantage that there is no change in performance of the antenna to external temperature or foreign matter. Polarization of antenna has circular polarization and linear polarization, and circular polarization has advantage of high recognition rate in various environments. Equation 2 for antenna polarization is as follows.

here,

Is the angle between two unit vectors.

As shown in Equation (2), the polarization loss for the polarization of the antenna is small in the case of the original polarization file. The integrated antenna of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader of the present invention uses circular polarization.

If a linear polarized antenna is used as a monolithic integrated antenna of 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader, the recognition rate of the circular polarized tag at all rotational speeds of the railway vehicle depends on the speed of the linear polarized tag and the circular polarized tag, Respectively. This is because the polarization loss due to the polarization mismatch between the circularly polarized tag and the reader antenna having linear polarization in the test environment in which the tag is rotated is small. As the transmission power of the reader increases at all rotational speeds, the number of recognition increases and the maximum value is obtained at 25 dBm. Also, at the time of the test, irregular reflection phenomenon occurs in which the signal generated from the reader antenna is not directly applied to the tag at the reader transmission output of 25 dBm or more but is reflected by the test environment portion such as the wall or the structure. According to the rotation speed, the tag has the number of revolutions of 45 times (5 km / h) ~ 1350 times (150 km / h) As a result, it is considered that the tag recognition in which the railway vehicle moves at a speed of 150 km / h or less is possible at the reader output power of 25 dBm or less.

10 is a diagram for explaining an information flow related to the operation of the railway stabilization management system.

The information about the driver of the railway car is read by the RFID reader 2 and transmitted to the control center system. When the railway vehicle starts, the bottom attachment tag 1 and the tag 1-1 are recognized using the bottom antenna of the RFID reader 1. (Tag 2 and tag 2-2) are transmitted to the driver and control center system via LED and alarm via the external interface of the RFID reader 1 according to the tag recognition.

In the area change area 1 from the vehicle base to the safe operation area operated at a constant speed, the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader recognizes the bottom attachment tag in the vehicle lower antenna (channel 1 recognizing the floor mounting tag) And operates as an integrated reader antenna (channel 2) that recognizes the tag for wall mounting. Rail vehicles enter safe driving area.

The RFID tag recognizes tagged tags (tag 4 and tag 4-1) with integrated antenna of 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and transmits position information of the railway car according to tag recognition to the control center system.

In the zone change area 2 entering the platform area from the safe running area of the railway car, when the tag 5 of the entry point of the history (platform) is recognized in the safe running area of the main railway, the railway vehicle enters the platform area (LED, Alarm) of the above 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader to inform the driver by LED and alarm, to brake the vehicle, to slow down the speed of the railway vehicle, And operates the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader 1 by converting the operation from the channel 2 of the tag for attaching the wall to the channel 1 of the tag for attaching the floor after recognizing the tag 5.

When the bottom attachment tag 6 and the tag 6-1, which recognize a platform entry at a certain distance, are recognized in the platform entrance area of the railway vehicle, the speed of the railway vehicle is determined by the integrated RFID reader 1, Through the external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of the reader 1, information is transmitted to the driver and the control center system, the brake of the vehicle is gradually activated to reduce the speed of the railroad vehicle, 7, the tag 7-1 in front of the tag 7 recognizes the stationary state of the railroad vehicle in the platform entry area and outputs an active tag to the signaling device, Lt; / RTI >

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken in conjunction with the present invention. The present invention can be variously modified or modified.

100: 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band all-in-one RFID reader and antenna
Tag 1, Tag 1-1, Tag 2, Tag 2-1, Tag 3, Tag 3-1: Tag for floor attachment
Tags 4-1, 4-2, ... 4-N: Tag for wall mounting
300: vehicle bottom antenna

Claims

It transmits tag information and speed information through an external interface including an LED and an alarm to the driver, transmits a sensing information through the integrated antenna in the 2.4 GHz band to the control center, has a communication modem in the vehicle, 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) connected to computer;
A vehicle lower antenna installed at a lower portion of the railway car and recognizing the tags on the bottom of the railway rail;
At least one bottom attachment tag communicating with a vehicle lower antenna of the railway vehicle and attached to a railway rail bottom in a vehicle base station area, a preliminary danger zone, and a danger zone; And
And at least one wall surface attaching tag attached to the tunnel wall of the railway vehicle on the same line as the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna in the safe driving area,
(Tag 1, tag 1-1, tag 2, tag 2, tag 2, tag 3, tag 4, tag 4, tag 2, tag 3, and tag 4) are communicated with the vehicle lower antenna of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader, 2-1) are formed,
A channel for recognizing the tags for mounting on the wall (tag 4-1, tag 4-2,... Tag 4-N) attached to the tunnel wall of the electric railway and used for the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual- 2, and is used for the safe operation management of railroad cars and derailments of railway vehicles by the RFID reader and tag system of 900MHz UHF band in all the railway sections of the railway. The railway vehicle stabilization management system using UHF band RFID technology .

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the floor mounting tags and the wall surface mounting tags are used for all sections without power supply to passive tags using the 900 MHz UHF band and are communicated to the dual band integrated RFID reader. Stabilization management system.

The method according to claim 1,
The tags
A tag 1 for notifying a driver of a departure of a train at a stopping area;
A tag 1-1 for notifying the driver or the control center through the external interface that the train enters the preliminary danger zone from the stop zone;
A tag 2 for notifying the entry into the danger zone in the preliminary danger zone;
An active tag 2-1 having an active tag having a switching function for floor mounting, which is operated in cooperation with a signaling device and has switching to indicate that it has entered a safe driving area in a dangerous area;
A tag 3 for notifying the driver of entry into the main line in the initial safe driving section;
This tag is a floor mount passive tag attached to the bottom of a railway rail of a derailment bifurcation. It is a tag that allows information to be transmitted to the driver and the control center through external interfaces (LED, alarm, computer and modem) 3-1;
(900MHz / 2.4GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader) for recognizing the tags 4-1, 4-2, ... 4-N installed on the wall of the railway as the channel 2 (Channel 1-> channel 2) of the integrated RFID reader is informed to the control center that it is located on the same line, and that it has normally entered the safe operation section, and a tag 4 for detecting the position of the railway vehicle in the safe travel section -1 to tag 4-N;
A tag 5-1 and a tag 5-N for detecting the position of the railway car when the railway vehicle enters the platform in the safe driving section;
A passive tag 6 for entering the platform for informing the driver to decelerate the speed of the railway vehicle;
Tag 6-N, a passive tag for floor mounting installed in the history after the platform entry point;
Tag 7 of the stopping point of the railway vehicle in the platform entry area; And
An active tag tag 7-1 recognizing the railroad vehicle in a stationary state and operating in accordance with the operation of the signaler;
A Railway Vehicle Stability Management System Using UHF RFID Technology.

The method of claim 3,
The tag 2-1 is an active tag that receives information of the signaling device and operates,
A power supply circuit for converting AC220V to DC12V,
An RF switch part having a switching function, and
A microchip, and an antenna portion constituted by an indirect structure,
Wherein the antenna unit is constituted by a cavity type antenna to have high directivity and the polarization of the antenna unit is formed by a circular polarized wave.

The method of claim 3,
In the area change area 1 from the vehicle base to the safe operation area operated at a constant speed, the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader operates as an integrated reader antenna (channel 2) in the vehicle lower antenna (channel 1). In the safe operation area, the RFID system places the tags at a certain distance, and the number of tags is changed from tag 4 to tag 4-1 and tag 4-2 to tag 4-N and tag 5 The RFID reader of claim 1, wherein the distance between the two tags is input from an integrated RFID reader, and the RFID reader is connected to the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual-band integrated RFID reader to the driver and the control center system by calculating the recognition time of the tag 4 - 2 and the tag 4- 3, The system for stabilizing the railway vehicle using the UHF band RFID technology is characterized in that, if an abnormality occurs in the low speed traveling of the railway car, it is directly transmitted to the control center system to manage the flow of the railway vehicle.

The method of claim 3,
In the zone change area 2 entering the platform area from the safe running area of the railway car, when the tag 5 of the entry point of the history (platform) is recognized in the safe running area of the main railway, the railway vehicle enters the platform area (LED, Alarm) of the above 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader to inform the driver by LED and alarm, to brake the vehicle, to slow down the speed of the railway vehicle, And operates the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader by converting the operation of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader from the channel 2 of the tag for attaching the wall to the channel 1 of the tag for attaching the floor by operating the tag. Railway Vehicle Stability Management System.

The method of claim 3,
When the floor attachment tag 6 and the tag 6-1, which recognize a platform installation installed at a certain distance, are recognized in the area where the railway vehicle enters the platform, the speed of the railway vehicle is read to the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader, the information is transmitted to the driver and the control center system, and the brake of the vehicle is operated to gradually increase the speed of the railway vehicle The tag 7-1 in front of the tag 7 recognizes the stationary state of the railway vehicle in the platform entry area, And stabilizing the railway vehicle using the UHF band RFID technology, which uses an active tag that operates according to the operation Management system.

The method according to claim 1,
The vehicle lower antenna
The vehicle is installed at a position in front of the vehicle front or at a rear end of the vehicle,
Each of the radiators (ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, ANT4) independently emits radiation while having directivity on the bottom of the railway, (Rx2, Rx3, Rx4) are used for receiving and transmitting (Tx / Rx1). Emitters 2, 3 and 4 are used for receiving only (Rx2, Rx3 and Rx4) And a metal wall is provided between the radiators (ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, and ANT4) to secure isolation between the radiators (ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, and ANT4).