WO2015126110A1

WO2015126110A1 - Railroad car stabilization management system using uhf band rfid technique

Info

Publication number: WO2015126110A1
Application number: PCT/KR2015/001531
Authority: WO
Inventors: 이학용; 김재식; 최의선; 이기서; 이상호
Original assignee: 광운대학교 산학협력단; (주)소노비젼
Priority date: 2014-02-20
Filing date: 2015-02-16
Publication date: 2015-08-27
Also published as: KR101532086B1; KR20140104381A

Abstract

The present invention relates to: a moving body stabilization management system using an UHF band RFID technique, capable of checking the location and stopping at a correct location and preventing the derailing of a moving body (railroad car) by using an UHF band RFID technique; and an implementation method. To this end, the RFID system, of the present invention, suitable for a railroad environment is described with respect to a car base RFID system, a safe operation zone RFID system and a platform zone RFID system. The main technique of the present invention is largely classified into three types. A first type is an RFID reader technique. The reader technique requires an RF design technique, a signal processing technique and an external interface technique for stable recognition of car speed and for information transmission to a driver. A second type is a tag technique. The main tag technique is a bottom-attached manual tag technique and an active tag technique having high efficiency performance and switching stably operating with respect to a change in a signal of a signaler so as to determine information of the signaler and transmit the information to an RFID reader. A third type is a wireless transmission technique.

Description

Rail vehicle stabilization management system using BHF RDF technology

The present invention relates to a railroad vehicle stabilization management system and an implementation method using the UHF band RFID technology that can determine the position of the moving object (railroad vehicle), stop, stop and derail using the 900 MHz UHF band RFID technology.

In general, a railroad vehicle uses a fixed position on a fixed rail and is used as a means of transportation for accommodating and transporting a large number of people or as a means of rail transportation for transporting a large amount of material at a time.

These railroad cars are made of heavy materials, and as a result, they are caused by friction or aging of many accessories such as wheels during operation, so periodic management is essential.

That is, in the related art, the management system of a railway vehicle operating institution writes information on a button memory method or a tag, and the inspector frequently inspects the information and records it in a work form by handwriting and inputs it into a computer.

Existing railroad cars use signal-type track circuits for smooth driving on curved tracks, and use railroad-based train control systems (CBTCs) to make railroad cars run safely. The track circuit is a circuit that detects a train on a rail using a rail as part of an electric circuit, and a circuit that transmits information on a vehicle on the ground by using a rail as a transmission path. In a curved track of a running railroad, the rail is driven at a relatively low speed in a curved track to prevent the railroad car from derailing due to the deflection due to a cant installed in the transverse direction by a centrifugal force. It is becoming.

In addition, the railroad vehicle stop position automatic measurement device measures whether the entrance and exit of the railroad car is accurately positioned when the railroad car stops in the station (platform).

However, the existing automatic measurement system for the stop position of a railway vehicle stops at the exact position of a railway vehicle entering the history and prevents the derailment of the curved track on the starting point of the railway station. It wasn't.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile stabilization management system and an implementation method capable of positioning, stopping, stopping and derailing a moving object (railroad and vehicle) using a 900 MHz UHF band RFID technology.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the railway vehicle stabilization management system using the UHF band RFID technology is a control center to transmit the tag recognition information and the railway vehicle speed information through the integrated antenna in the 2.4GHz band or to the driver with the integrated RFID reader and A 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) which transmits sensing information via an external interface including connected LEDs and an alarm, has a communication modem inside the vehicle, and is connected to a computer via an RFID middleware; A vehicle lower antenna installed at a lower portion of the railway vehicle and recognizing tags of the railway rail floor; At least one floor attachment tag in communication with a vehicle lower antenna of the railroad vehicle, the at least one floor attachment tag being attached to a floor of a railroad rail at a vehicle stop region, a preliminary danger zone, and a danger zone; And at least one wall attachment tag attached to a tunnel wall of a railway vehicle on the same line as the integrated RFID reader and antenna in a safe driving zone. The 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band RFID reader is formed with a channel 1 for recognizing tags (tag 1, tag 1-1, tag 2, and tag 2-1) for attaching the floor of a railway rail in a dangerous area and a safe driving area. And channel 2 which is used in the integrated antenna and recognizes the wall mounting tags (tag 4-1, tag 4-2, .. tag 4-N) attached to the tunnel wall of the electric railway. 900MHz UHF band RFID reader and integrated antenna, and the vehicle lower antenna and tag system to build a safe operation management of parking and derailment of railway vehicles by zone.

The floor attachment tags and the wall attachment tags are used in all sections without powering passive tags using the 900 MHz UHF band, and are communicated with the dual band integrated RFID reader.

The tags are the tag for attaching the floor, the tag 1 to inform the driver of the departure of the train in the stop zone; A tag 1-1 which is a passive tag for attaching the floor and notifies the driver or the control center through the external interface that the train has entered the preliminary danger zone from the stop zone; A tag attached to the floor for attaching the passive tag and indicating that the danger zone has been entered into the danger zone; An active tag having the bottom attachment switching function, the active tag 2-1 operating in conjunction with a signal and having a switch indicating that the vehicle has entered the safe driving zone from the danger zone; A tag for informing the driver that the passive tag is attached to the floor and entered in the direction of the main line in the initial safe driving section; It is a floor-mounted passive tag attached to the railroad floor of the derailment branch, which is recognized by the vehicle's lower antenna and RFID reader and transmitted to the driver and control center through external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem). 3-1; The passive tag for wall attachment, an integrated reader (900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader) that recognizes the tags (4-1, 4-2, ..4-N) installed on the wall of the railway as channel 2 and Tag 4 which is located on the same line, informs the control center that it has entered the safe driving section normally, and also instructs the driver to change the channel of the integrated RFID reader (Channel 1-> Channel 2), and detects the position of the railway vehicle in the safe driving section. -1 to tag 4-N; The tag attached to the wall surface, the tag 5-1 and the tag 5-N for detecting the position of the railway vehicle when the railway vehicle enters the history (platform) in the safe driving section; A passive tag for platform attachment recognition for tagging the driver to slow down the speed of the railway vehicle; Tag 6-N, a passive tag for floor attachment installed in the history after the platform entry point; Tag 7 of the stop point of the railroad car of the platform entry area; And an active tag tag 7-1 that recognizes the railway vehicle in a stopped state and operates according to an operation of the signal.

The tag 2-1 is an active tag operating by receiving the information of the signal, and is composed of a power circuit unit for converting AC220V to DC12V, an RF switch unit having a switching function, and an antenna unit composed of an indirect structure with a microchip. The antenna unit is configured as a cavity-type antenna to have high directivity, and the polarization of the antenna unit is characterized by consisting of circular polarization.

In a zone change area 1 from a vehicle base to a safe driving area running at a constant speed, the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader operates as an integrated reader antenna (channel 2) in the vehicle lower antenna (channel 1). In the safe driving zone, the RFID system locates the tags by a certain distance, and the number of tags is based on the length of the safe driving zone. -N ... Tag 5-3, Tag 5-2, Tag 5-1, and the tag spacing is input distance between two tags in the integrated RFID reader, and Tag 4-2 and Tag in the integrated RFID reader 1 It calculates the time to recognize with 4-3 and transmits it to the driver and control center system through the external interface (LED, Alarm, computer and modem) of the integrated RFID reader. It is characterized by managing the flow of railroad cars by passing to the control center system.

In the zone change area 2 that enters the platform area from the safe driving area of the railroad car, if the tag 5 of the history (platform) entry point is recognized in the safe driving area of the main line, the railroad car enters the platform area. Through the external interface (LED, Alarm) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader, the driver is informed to the driver through LEDs and alarms, and the brakes of the vehicle are activated to reduce the speed of the railroad car. After the tag 5 is recognized, the operation of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated reader 1 is switched from channel 2 of the wall attachment tags to channel 1 of the floor attachment tags.

In the area where the railroad car enters the platform, when the floor tag 6 and the tag 6-1 for recognizing platform entry installed at a constant distance are recognized, the speed of the railroad car is determined by the integrated RFID reader 1 to determine the integrated type. It transmits the information to the driver and control center system through the external interface (LED, Alarm, computer and modem) of RFID reader 1, and activates the brake of the vehicle to gradually reduce the speed of the railway vehicle, Immediately after the tag 7 is recognized, the railroad vehicle is stopped at the right position. The tag 7-1 in front of the tag 7 recognizes the stationary state of the railroad car in the platform entry area and is activated according to the operation of the signal. It is characterized by using).

The lower antenna of the vehicle is installed at the front of the vehicle front or rear of the vehicle, and radiates while having directivity to the bottom of the railway rails, each radiator [Emitter 1 (ANT1), radiator 2 (ANT2), radiator 3 ( ANT3) and radiator 4 (ANT4)] independently radiate, radiator 1 is used for both transmission and reception (Tx / Rx1), and radiators 2, 3 and 4 are used for reception only (Rx2, Rx3, Rx4). Since the spacing (D) between the radiators should be independently radiated, at least 1λ, and a metal wall is provided to secure isolation between radiators ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, and ANT4. do.

The railroad stabilization management system using 900MHz UHF band RFID uses a 900MHz RFID reader and an RFID reader antenna at the bottom of the vehicle to use the RFID system that has a floor attachment tag and a wall attachment tag of an electric railway rail for detecting train position. By transmitting information about the operation to the driver or control center, it is effective to prevent physical damages by securing the safe operation by stopping the railway on the correct position and preventing the train from derailing and identifying the location of the train. In addition, it will establish new opportunities for securing advanced railway technologies and convergence of railway IT.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an RFID reader and a tag of a railway stabilization management system.

2 is a diagram for explaining a first zone change area RFID system.

3 is a diagram for explaining a stable driving zone RFID system.

4 is a diagram for explaining a second zone change area RFID system.

5 is a view for explaining the operation of the safe driving zone, the danger zone and the preliminary danger zone.

6 is a block diagram for explaining the onboard leader.

7A and 7B are views for explaining the structure of the radiator.

8A and 8B are diagrams for describing an integrated reader antenna.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an active tag having a switching function, a lightning protection, and an RF BLOCK function.

10 is a view for explaining the information flow associated with the operation of the railway stabilization management system.

100: 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna

Tag1, Tag1-1, Tag2, Tag2-1, Tag3, Tag3-1: Tag for floor attachment

Tags 4-1, 4-2, ... 4-N: Wall Mount Tag

300: under vehicle antenna

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to the present invention, an RFID implementation system suitable for a railway environment is divided into a vehicle base RFID system, a safe driving area RFID system, and a platform area RFID system. The main technology of the present invention is divided into three. The first is the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band all-in-one RFID reader technology. The 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader technology requires RF design technology, signal processing technology and external interface technology for stable recognition of on-board speed and driver information transfer. Second is the 900MHz tag technology. The main tag technology uses an active tag technology with a floor-mounted passive tag and a high efficiency performance and switching that reliably operates on signal changes of the signal to determine and transmit information of the signal to the RFID reader. Third is wireless transmission technology. Major radio transmission technologies are required to implement the beam width of the tag antenna, the beam width of the reader antenna, and the technology of eliminating interference in the railroad environment for stable recognition of the speed of railroad cars.

The vehicle base RFID system refers to an area where a railway vehicle is stopped and the vehicle speed is low. Vehicle base areas are divided into stop areas, reserve danger areas, danger areas, and safe operation areas. In each region, the speed of railroad cars is different.

The railroad car is provided with a 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) 100 connected to the computer via an RFID middleware having a communication modem in the vehicle, and has a vehicle lower antenna 300.

At the bottom of the rail, floor-mounted tags (tag 1, tag 1-1, tag 2, tag 2-1) are installed on the floor of the rail rails at the stop, preliminary, hazardous and safe driving areas.

The vehicle base is a stop area with tags for tagging the train position (tag 1, tag 1-1), a preliminary danger zone with tag 2, a danger zone with tag 2-1 operating in conjunction with a beacon, and a tag at the main entry point. It is divided into 3 and a safe operating area with tag 3-1 installed at the derailment junction.

The railroad vehicle stabilization management system using the UHF band RFID technology of the present invention is a control center that transmits tag recognition information and railroad vehicle speed information through an integrated antenna in the 2.4GHz band, or a 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader to a driver. 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) (100) with sensing information via an external interface including connected LEDs and alarms, with a communication modem inside the vehicle, and connected to a computer via RFID middleware ); A vehicle lower antenna 300 installed below the railway vehicle and recognizing tags of the railway rail floor; At least one floor attachment tag in communication with a vehicle lower antenna of the railroad vehicle, the at least one floor attachment tag being attached to a floor of a railroad rail at a vehicle stop region, a preliminary danger zone, and a danger zone; And at least one wall attachment tag attached to a tunnel wall of a railway vehicle on the same line as the integrated RFID reader and antenna in a safe driving zone.

It is communicated with the lower antenna of the vehicle, and recognizes tags (tag 1, tag 1-1, tag 2, tag 2-1) for attaching the floor of a railroad at a vehicle base stop area, a preliminary danger area, a danger area, and a safe operation area. Channel 1 is formed,

Channel 2 used for the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band RFID reader and an integrated antenna and recognizing wall attachment tags (tag 4-1, tag 4-2, .. tag 4-N) attached to the tunnel wall of an electric railway Is formed,

900MHz UHF band RFID reader, integrated antenna, and under vehicle antenna and tag system are constructed in all railway sections to be used for safe driving management of parking and derailing of railway vehicles.

The floor attachment tags and the wall attachment tags are communicated with the dual band integrated RFID reader using a 900 MHz band.

In the stop area of the vehicle base, the railway vehicle (moving body) stops without moving to perform maintenance and inspection of the vehicle. At this time, the RFID system is configured as follows. The RFID system (RFID Reader 1) located in the railway vehicle operates.

The driving section operates at the driver mode because it runs at low speed. Therefore, the vehicle base requires an RFID system that interworks with the signaling system, and the tag is attached to the floor. When the train is powered on, the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader 1 operates at the same time as the undercarriage antenna 100 and the integrated antenna 100 simultaneously and receives tag 1 information. External interfaces (LEDs, alarms, computers and modems) inform the operator with LEDs and alarms and convey information to the control center system.

Tag 1 is a tag for attaching the floor (passive tag), and is a tag for informing the driver of the departure of the train in the stop zone.

Tag 1-1 is a floor-mounted tag (passive tag), installed at the critical position of the reserve danger zone in the stop zone, recognized by RFID reader 1 (lower antenna of the vehicle), and when the train enters the reserve danger zone from the stop zone. It is a passive tag attached to the floor that informs the operator or control center through the external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem) of 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader.

Tag 2 is a floor-mounted tag (passive tag), and it is a passive tag to indicate that the danger zone has been entered from the danger zone.

Tag 2-1 is the bottom-attachment tag, an active tag having a switching function, and is an active tag having a switch which operates according to a signal and indicates that the vehicle enters the safe driving zone from the danger zone.

Tag 3 is a floor-mounted tag (passive tag) and a passive tag that informs the driver that the vehicle has entered the main line in the initial safe driving section.

The tag 3-1 installed at the derailment junction is a floor-mounted tag (passive tag) which detects when the railway heading is derailed, and when it recognizes tag 3-1 attached to the floor of the railroad rail at the derailment branch, it is a 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated type. Through the external interface (LED, Alarm) of the RFID reader, the driver is notified with LED and alarm, and the information is transmitted to the control center system through the 2.4GHz antenna to prevent derailment to operate in the railway system.

Zone change zone 1 An RFID system is a zone that changes from a vehicle base to a safe driving zone. In this region, the onboard reader (900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader) operates as an integrated reader antenna (Channel 2) on the under vehicle antenna (Channel 1). Tag 4 is a passive floor-mounted tag, which is installed on the tunnel wall of an electric railway. Tag 4-1, Tag 4-2, and Tag 4-N are on the same line as an integrated reader (900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader). Wall-mounted tag (passive tag) located at.

Wall attachment tags (tag 4-1, tag 4-2, tag 4-N) are attached to tunnel walls or railway facilities. The driver of the vehicle recognizes the tag 4 and switches the operation of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz integrated RFID reader 1 of the vehicle from the channel 1 of the floor mounting tags to the channel 2 of the side mounting tag. .. Make tag 4-N aware. In the zone change area 1, the mode switching from the channels 1 of the floor mounting tag to the channels 2 of the wall mounting tags on the electric railway of the main ship must be made and information on the tag is transmitted to the driver and the control center.

2 is a diagram for explaining a first zone change area RFID system.

Safe Driving Zone The RFID system is a section in which a railroad vehicle runs at a constant speed. In this area, the vehicle runs at a constant speed because it is a safe driving zone. At this time, the RFID system needs an intensive technology for locating trains.

Location information technology is generally based on the GPS technology or based on the location information of the base station of the mobile communication network. However, GPS signals are not received in a railway vehicle where tunnels or jammers occur. Therefore, in the present invention, the RFID system in the safe driving zone allows the tags to be positioned by a certain distance. The number of tags is based on the length of the safe driving section. Tag 4 to Tag 4-1 and Tag 4-2 ... Tag 4-N and Tag 5-N ... Tag 5-3, Tag 5-2, Tag 5 -1.

The distance between tags is to input the distance between the two tags in the RFID reader and calculate the recognition time between the tags 4-2 and 4-4 in the RFID reader 1 to determine the external interface (LED, Alarm, computer and modem). To the driver and control center system. If an abnormality occurs in the low-speed driving of a railroad car, it is immediately transmitted to the control center so that the flow of the railroad car can be grasped.

3 is a diagram for explaining a stable driving zone RFID system.

Zone change zone 2 The RFID system is the platform entry zone in the railroad safety zone. In this area, the speed of railroad cars is gradually decreasing.

In the zone change area 2 that enters the platform area from the safe driving area of the railroad car, if the tag 5 of the history (platform) entry point is recognized in the safe driving area of the main line, the railroad car enters the platform area. Information is informed to the driver through LEDs and alarms through the external interface (LED, Alarm, computer and modem) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader, and the brakes of the railway vehicle are activated to reduce the speed of the railway vehicle. It transmits information to the control center system, recognizes tag 5, and operates by switching the operation of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated reader 1 from channel 2 of the wall tags to channel 1 of the floor tags.

Tag 5 of the station (platform) entry point in the safe operating area of the main line conveys information to the driver and control center via external interfaces (LED, Alarm) that the rail vehicle has entered the platform area. The driver recognizes tag 5 and switches the reader 1's operation from channel 2 to channel 1.

When the railroad car recognizes Tag 5 at the historical (platform) entry point in the safe operating area of the main line, it notifies the railroad car driver via the external interface (LED, Alarm) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz integrated RFID reader and brakes on the car. To reduce the speed of the railway vehicle.

4 is a diagram for explaining a second zone change area RFID system.

Platform Zone The RFID system is the area where railroad cars enter the platform. Tag 6 is a bottom-mount tag (passive tag) that recognizes platform entry. Tag 6 and Tag 6-1 keep the distance constant and calculate the speed of the railroad car by the distance traveled per unit time detected by the lower antenna of the vehicle, and judged by 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader1. It communicates the driver with LED and alarm through external interface (LED, Alarm, computer and modem) of 1, and passes parking information to control center system through 2.4GHz antenna.

Finally, tags 6-N-1 and 6-N are recognized and notified to the driver via external interfaces (LEDs, Alarms) and brakes are applied to gradually reduce the speed of the railway vehicle. Tag 7 is a tag that recognizes a stop point of a railroad car in a platform entry area. Immediately after tag 7 is recognized, the driver stops the railroad car. The tag 7-1 in front of the tag 7 is an active tag that recognizes the stationary state of the railway vehicle and operates according to the operation of the signal. The departure will proceed in the same way as in Zone 1.

5 is a view for explaining the operation of the safe operation zone, the danger zone and the preliminary danger zone.

Definition of terms

RFID reader 1: 2 channel onboard readers (channel 1-bottom tags, channel 2- wall tags)

Tag 1 is a floor-mounted tag (passive tag) that tells the driver the train to leave in the stop area

Tag 1-1 is a floor-mounted tag (passive tag), a tag that informs the driver or control center through the external interface that the train has entered the preliminary danger zone from the stop area,

Tag 2 is a floor-mounted tag (passive tag), a tag to indicate that you have entered the danger zone from the preliminary danger zone,

Tag 2-1 is a tag for attaching the floor (active tag having an switching function, an active tag), the tag is operated in conjunction with the signal and tells you that you entered the safe driving zone from the danger zone,

Tag 3 is a tag attached to the floor (manual tag), a tag that informs the driver that the vehicle has entered the main line in the initial safe driving section,

Tag 3-1 is a floor-mounted tag (passive type tag), and Tag 3-1 installed at a derailment branch point detects a floor-mounted tag detected when the railroad direction is derailed by the vehicle's lower antenna and RFID reader, and simultaneously receives an external interface (LED). It transmits the information to the driver and control center through the alarm, computer, modem, etc. so that the derailment prevention measures can be operated in the railway system.

Tag 4 is a tag for attaching the wall (manual tag), a tag that notifies the control center that the vehicle has entered the safe driving section normally, and also instructs the driver to change the channel of the reader (Channel 1-> Channel 2),

The tags 4-1 to 4-N are wall-mounted tags (passive tags), and are integral type that recognizes the tags 4-1, 4-2, ..4-N installed on the tunnel wall of the railway as channel 2. Wall mounted tag located on the same line as the reader (900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader) and detecting the position of the railway vehicle in the safe driving section,

* Tag 5-1 and Tag 5-N are tags that detect the position of the railway vehicle when the railway vehicle enters the history (platform) in the safe driving section,

Tag 6 is a passive tag for floor attachment, a passive tag for platform entry recognition to inform the driver to slow down the speed of a railway vehicle,

Tag 6-N is a passive tag for floor attachment installed in the history after the platform entry point,

Tag 7 is a tag of a stop of a railway vehicle in the platform entry area,

Tag 7-1 is an active tag tag that recognizes when a railway vehicle in a platform entry area is stopped and operates according to an operation of a signal.

6 is a block diagram for explaining the onboard leader.

The 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz all-in-one RFID reader 1 is the onboard reader. The integrated RFID reader 1 uses two channels. One channel is used to recognize floor-mounted tags (tags 1, 1-1, 2, 2-1, 3, 3-1 ...) with a vehicle lower antenna (a reader antenna attached to the lower vehicle). Two channels are used for 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID readers and integrated antennas, and for recognizing wall-mount tags (tags 4-1, 4-2, ..4-N).

The lower antenna of the vehicle has a cable length of 20 m so that it can be attached to any part of the entire vehicle. The undercarriage antenna may be located in front of the front or rear of the vehicle.

The lower antenna of the vehicle radiates with directivity on the bottom surface, and each radiator (Emitter 1 (ANT1), radiator 2 (ANT2), radiator 3 (ANT3), and radiator 4 (ANT4)) radiates independently. In general, an array antenna synthesizes beams in an antenna array state, and a vehicle lower antenna used in the present invention has a concept opposite to that of an antenna. The radiator of the antenna has two or more radiators. The radiator 1 is used for both transmission and reception (Tx / Rx1), and the radiators 2, 3 and 4 are used for reception only (Rx2, Rx3, Rx4). For receive-only radiators, the number of radiators increases with vehicle speed. For example, if the number of radiators is 4, the speed of the vehicle has a maximum speed of 587 km / h.

Since a railroad car is a moving object having a speed, a signal transmitted from an RFID reader antenna is transmitted to a tag to receive a tag signal. However, since the railroad car moves, if the tag's signal moves before arriving at the reader antenna, the tag's signal is not recognized. In this environment, in order to operate the 900MHz UHF band RFID system, the vehicle speed and the distance between the tag and the reader antenna must be checked. In a typical RFID system, the recognition speed of a moving object can be calculated using Equation 1 below. (Based on data rate of 75kbps)

Equation 1

The speed that can be recognized in the rolling stock environment is 140km / h (75kbps). For example, an integrated RFID reader system should be used at 140 km / h, and a separate transmission and reception system should be used at high speeds of 140 km / h or more.

The feeder is divided into a transmitter and a receiver, and the feeder used in the receiver uses a power combiner or a power divider, and the feeders are configured to have the same length in the feeder line so that a constant transmission signal can be received. In addition, a balun is used to remove EMI noise in the lower part of the vehicle from the power feeding part used in the receiving part.

7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining the structure of the radiator.

The spacing (D) between the radiators should be 1λ or more because they must be radiated independently. A metal wall is placed to ensure isolation between the emitters ANT1, ANT2, ANT3 and ANT4.

The integrated antenna is used as a 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band antenna. The radiator of the integrated antenna has a cylindrical shape. The beam shape of the antenna has the beam of the directional antenna. This is a beam shaped to easily recognize the section separated tag when the vehicle is driving. A high voltage-resistant lightning arrestor at the antenna input eliminates EMI on railroads. In addition, tag 4 or tag 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, ..., 4-N is installed at the same height of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and integrated antenna. If the beams of the wall-mounted tags and the beam directions of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band RFID reader and the integrated antenna do not match, misrecognition occurs due to diffuse reflection.

8A and 8B are diagrams for describing an integrated reader antenna.

In the present invention, a passive tag and an active tag are used. The active tag (tag 2-1) must have high directivity and switching capability. 8A and 8B are block diagrams of tags studied in the present invention. As shown, the active tag 2-1 operating by receiving information from the signal is composed of a power circuit unit for switching AC220V to DC12V, an RF switch unit having a switching function, and an antenna unit composed of an indirect structure with a microchip. The antenna unit is composed of a cavity type antenna to have high directivity. Polarization of the antenna part shall consist of circular polarization.

A 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and an integrated antenna installed in the driver's seat of a railroad vehicle are installed, a lightning protection device is provided, and a 900MHz beam shape recognizes tags for wall attachment of a railroad rail when driving a railroad car.

900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band all-in-one RFID reader and antenna are connected to computer and modem through RFID middleware, and when the floor tag and wall tag are recognized, the vehicle driver can stop or stop by the external interface including LED and alarm. It provides tag recognition information indicating derailment or safe driving information, and communicates with the control room via a 2.4 GHz antenna.

10 is a diagram for explaining an interference factor in a railway environment.

Interferences in railway vehicles include EMI interference due to high frequency disturbance and electrostatic induction disorder and diffuse reflection interference due to metal surface. High frequency disturbances are those caused by various electronics under the vehicle. Electrostatic induction disturbances are those that occur on high-voltage cables and the ground. Egg reflection interference refers to the interference caused by the metal component under the vehicle. In order to remove this interference, we have to study how to solve the tag antenna structure and antenna polarization technology.

Tag antenna structures that can be used in railway environments should use indirect antennas. The structure of the antenna is classified according to the feeding method. Antenna feeding method uses direct feeding method and indirect feeding method. The direct feeding method is a method of directly applying a signal to the radiator, and the indirect feeding method transmits a signal to the radiator by electromagnetic coupling. The antenna structure of the indirect feeding method has an advantage that the antenna bandwidth can be extended and the performance of the antenna is not changed in the external temperature or foreign matter compared to the direct feeding method. Antenna polarization has circular polarization and linear polarization, and circular polarization has a high recognition rate in various environments. Equation 2 for the antenna polarization is as follows.

Equation 2

Where is the angle between the two unit vectors.

As in Equation 2, the polarization loss with respect to the polarization of the antenna has a small polarization loss in the case of the circularly polarized. The integrated antenna of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band RFID reader of the present invention used circular polarization.

If a linear polarization antenna is used as an integrated antenna of a 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band RFID reader, the number of recognition of the circular polarization tag is high at all rotational speeds of the railway vehicle depending on the speed of the linear polarization tag and the circular polarization tag and the reader transmission power. appear. This is because the polarization loss due to the polarization mismatch with the reader antenna having the linear polarization in the test environment in which the circularly polarized tag rotates the tag. As the reader transmit power increased at all rotational speeds, the number of recognition increased and reached a maximum at 25 dBm. In addition, during the test, a signal reflection from the reader antenna was reflected to the test environment such as a wall or a structure, instead of directly applied to the tag, at the reader transmission power of 25 dBm or more. According to the rotation speed, the tag has a rotation speed of 45 times (5 km / h) to 1350 times (150 km / h) and the test result shows the number of times of tag recognition. As a result, it is thought that tag recognition that a railroad car moves at a speed of 150 km / h or less at a reader transmission power of 25 dBm or less is possible.

The information about the driver of the railway vehicle is read by the RFID tag 2 and transmitted to the control center system. At the departure of the railroad car, the bottom-mounted tag 1 and the tag 1-1 are recognized by using the lower antenna of the RFID reader 1. According to the tag recognition, train position detection information (tag 2 and tag 2-2) is transmitted to driver and control center system through LED and alarm through the external interface of RFID reader 1.

In the zone change area 1 from the vehicle base to the safe driving area running at a constant speed, the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader 1 operates as the integrated reader antenna (channel 2) in the vehicle lower antenna (channel 1). Railroad cars enter safe operating areas.

The section-separated wall attachment tags (tag 4 and tag 4-1) are recognized by the integrated antenna of the integrated RFID reader 1, and the position information of the railway vehicle according to the tag recognition is transmitted to the control center system.

In the zone change area 2 that enters the platform area from the safe driving area of the railroad car, if the tag 5 of the history (platform) entry point is recognized in the safe driving area of the main line, the railroad car enters the platform area. Through the external interface (LED, Alarm) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader, the driver is informed to the driver through LEDs and alarms, and the brakes of the vehicle are activated to reduce the speed of the railroad car. After the tag 5 is recognized, the operation of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated reader 1 is switched from the channel 2 of the tag for wall attachment to the channel 1 of the tag for floor attachment.

When the railroad car recognizes the tag 6-1 and the floor mounting tag for recognizing the platform entry installed at a constant distance from the platform entrance area, the speed of the railroad car is determined by the integrated RFID reader 1 to determine the integrated RFID. It transmits the information to the driver and control center system through the reader 1's external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem), activates the brakes of the vehicle to gradually reduce the speed of the railway vehicle, and tags at the stop point of the platform entry area. The railroad vehicle stops at the right position immediately after recognizing 7, and the tag 7-1 in front of the tag 7 recognizes the stationary state of the railroad car in the platform entry area and operates according to the operation of the signal. Use

As described above, although described with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims In the present invention can be carried out by various modifications or variations.

Claims

It transmits the detection information through the integrated antenna to the control center through the integrated antenna or the tag recognition information and the speed information through the external interface including the LED and the alarm to the driver, equipped with the communication modem inside the vehicle and through the RFID middleware. 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader and antenna (integrated antenna) connected to computer;

A vehicle lower antenna installed at a lower portion of the railway vehicle and recognizing tags of the railway rail floor;

At least one floor attachment tag in communication with a vehicle lower antenna of the railroad vehicle, the at least one floor attachment tag being attached to a floor of a railroad rail at a vehicle stop region, a preliminary danger zone, and a danger zone; And

And at least one wall attachment tag attached to a tunnel wall of a railway vehicle on the same line as the integrated RFID reader and antenna in a safe driving zone.

A channel 1 is formed to communicate with the lower antenna of the vehicle and recognize tags (tag 1, tag 1-1, tag 2, and tag 2-1) for attaching the floor of a railroad rail at a vehicle station stop area, a preliminary danger area, and a danger area. ,

Channel 2 used for the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band RFID reader and an integrated antenna and recognizing wall attachment tags (tag 4-1, tag 4-2, .. tag 4-N) attached to the tunnel wall of an electric railway Is formed, and all the rail operating section 900MHz UHF band RFID reader and tag system railroad vehicle stabilization management system using UHF band RFID technology, characterized in that it is used for the safe operation management of parking and derailment of railway vehicles by zone.
The method of claim 1,

The floor attachment tags and the wall attachment tags are used in all sections without power to passive tags using the 900 MHz UHF band and are communicated with the dual band integrated RFID reader. Stabilization management system.
The method of claim 1,

The tags are

Tag 1 for the floor-mounted passive tag, the driver to inform the departure of the train in the stop zone;

A tag 1-1 which is a passive tag for attaching the floor and notifies the driver or the control center through the external interface that the train has entered the preliminary danger zone from the stop zone;

A tag attached to the floor for attaching the passive tag and indicating that the danger zone has been entered into the danger zone;

An active tag having the bottom attachment switching function, the active tag 2-1 operating in conjunction with a signal and having a switch indicating that the vehicle has entered the safe driving zone from the danger zone;

A tag for informing the driver that the passive tag is attached to the floor and entered in the direction of the main line in the initial safe driving section;

It is a floor-mounted passive tag attached to the railroad floor of the derailment branch, which is recognized by the vehicle's lower antenna and RFID reader and transmitted to the driver and control center through external interface (LED, alarm, computer and modem). 3-1;

The passive tag for wall attachment, an integrated reader (900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader) that recognizes the tags (4-1, 4-2, ..4-N) installed on the wall of the railway as channel 2 and Tag 4 which is located on the same line, informs the control center that it has entered the safe driving section normally, and also instructs the driver to change the channel of the integrated RFID reader (Channel 1-> Channel 2), and detects the position of the railway vehicle in the safe driving section. -1 to tag 4-N;

The tag attached to the wall surface, the tag 5-1 and the tag 5-N for detecting the position of the railway vehicle when the railway vehicle enters the history (platform) in the safe driving section;

A passive tag for platform attachment recognition for tagging the driver to slow down the speed of the railway vehicle;

Tag 6-N, a passive tag for floor attachment installed in the history after the platform entry point;

Tag 7 of the stop point of the railroad car of the platform entry area; And

An active tag tag 7-1 that recognizes when the railroad vehicle is stopped and operates according to an operation of the beacon;

Rail vehicle stabilization management system using a UHF band RFID technology comprising a.
The method of claim 3,

The tag 2-1 is an active tag that operates by receiving information of the signal device.

A power circuit unit for converting AC220V into DC12V,

RF switch unit having a switching function, and

It consists of an antenna part composed of microchip and indirect structure,

The antenna unit is configured as a cavity-type antenna in order to have a high directivity, railway vehicle stabilization management system using UHF band RFID technology, characterized in that the polarization of the circular polarization.
The method of claim 3,

In the zone change area 1 from the vehicle base to the safe driving area running at a constant speed, the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated RFID reader operates from the vehicle lower antenna (channel 1) to the integrated reader antenna (channel 2). In the safe driving zone, the RFID system locates the tags by a certain distance, and the number of tags is based on the length of the safe driving zone. -N ... Tag 5-3, Tag 5-2, Tag 5-1, and the tag spacing is input distance between two tags in the integrated RFID reader, and Tag 4-2 and Tag in the integrated RFID reader 1 It calculates the time to recognize with 4-3 and transmits it to the driver and control center system through the external interface (LED, Alarm, computer and modem) of the integrated RFID reader. Railroad vehicle stabilization management system using UHF band RFID technology, characterized in that the transfer to the control center system to manage the flow of the railway vehicle.
The method of claim 3,

In the zone change area 2 that enters the platform area from the safe driving area of the railroad car, if the tag 5 of the history (platform) entry point is recognized in the safe driving area of the main line, the railroad car enters the platform area. Through the external interface (LED, Alarm) of the 900MHz / 2.4GHz dual band integrated RFID reader, the driver is informed to the driver through LEDs and alarms, and the brakes of the vehicle are activated to reduce the speed of the railroad car. After the tag 5 is recognized, the UHF band RFID technology operates by switching the operation of the 900 MHz / 2.4 GHz dual band integrated reader 1 from the channel 2 of the wall-mounted tags to the channel 1 of the floor-mounted tags. Railway vehicle stabilization management system.
The method of claim 3,

In the area where the railroad car enters the platform, when the floor tag 6 and the tag 6-1 for recognizing platform entry installed at a constant distance are recognized, the speed of the railroad car is determined by the integrated RFID reader 1 to determine the integrated type. It transmits the information to the driver and control center system through the external interface (LED, Alarm, computer and modem) of RFID reader 1, and activates the brake of the vehicle to gradually reduce the speed of the railway vehicle, Immediately after the tag 7 is recognized, the railroad vehicle is stopped at the right position. The tag 7-1 in front of the tag 7 recognizes the stationary state of the railroad car in the platform entry area and is activated according to the operation of the signal. Rail vehicle stabilization management system using UHF band RFID technology, characterized in that the use of ().
The method of claim 1,

The vehicle lower antenna

Installed in front of the vehicle front or in front of the vehicle front,

Radiating with directivity on the bottom of the rail, each radiator (Emitter 1 (ANT1), Emitter 2 (ANT2), Emitter 3 (ANT3), Emitter 4 (ANT4)) emits independently, and emitter 1 It is used for both transmitting and receiving (Tx / Rx1), and radiators 2, 3, and 4 are used only for receiving (Rx2, Rx3, Rx4), and the interval (D) between the radiators must be radiated independently. And a metal wall for securing isolation between the radiators ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, and ANT4.