KR101506890B1 - Manufacture method of panel coating of UV embossing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is aimed at manufacturing a board used for a flooring material, furniture, kitchen furniture, other interior decorations, etc. More specifically, the present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a UV embossment-coated board, which enhances the physical strength of the board while allowing the surface of the board to have perfect evenness, thereby securing an excellent degree of completion of a coated surface further in a printing process and a coating process; allows a texture such as a surface embossment or the like diversifying designs to be added to a UV transfer layer, wherein the embossment can not be obtained in an existing UV coating process; and especially allows the creation of various patterns even on a board made of a nonflammable panel having an uneven surface such as a gypsum board or the like as well as a wood board such as ordinary plywood, MDF, PB, etc. The manufacturing method of a UV embossment-coated board comprises a compression process (S100), a pattern printing process (S200), a UV primer coating process (S300), a UV interlayer coating process (S400), an embossment and transfer pattern formation process (S500), a UV top coating process (S600).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a UV embossing plate,

The present invention relates to a method for producing a plate material used for flooring, furniture, kitchen furniture, and other interior, and more particularly, for improving the physical strength and the surface flatness in manufacturing the plate material, The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material for achieving a high degree of perfection at the time of coating and also obtaining a surface texture and a three-dimensional effect which can not be obtained by conventional UV coating.

Generally, a plate is made of an interior material such as a living room or an entrance floor such as an apartment or a house, a furniture, a kitchen furniture, or the like, and this plate material gives a feeling of nature and comfort to the natural feeling of the wood .

Such a plate material has a disc material capable of preserving the natural pattern of the tree. Although such a circular material has the merit that it can add luxury, the cost of the material is considerably high, the design and color are inconsistent, It is very difficult to use it because of its disadvantage.

In place of such natural wood, relatively cheap plywood, MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard) and PB (Particle Board) are processed and used. For example, on the surface thereof, Utility Model Application No. 20-1998- 0005165, a wood flooring is printed on the surface of a plywood panel by printing a wood pattern on the surface of the plywood by a rolling transfer method.

However, in the case of such a plate material, a method in which transition printing is performed on the bottom surface in printing a pattern is applied. In the printing process, the printing solution printed on the plywood is flowed downward or formed into a womb, There is a problem that a sharp pattern can not be obtained.

Further, the printing solution to be printed is barely applied and printed only on the surface of the plywood, and the printed pattern is easily peeled off during long-term use, resulting in a decrease in durability and a shortened service life.

In recent years, in order to solve the above problems, UV coating is applied to the surface of the plate to increase the inherent color of the plate, and UV coated plate having enhanced water resistance is attracting attention.

However, since the conventional UV-coated plate is formed by forming a film by patterning several times after printing or by sanding, the LPM (Low Pressure Melamine) formed by forming a conventional high-strength emboss layer by shaving the coating film for flatness by a sanding process, And HPL (High Pressure Laminate) film. In addition, when the density of the disk is low or soft, the coating has a serious disadvantage that the coating is damaged when the impact exceeds the strength of the UV coating.

Application for Utility Model Registration of Korea No. 20-1998-0005165.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a metal plate, which can improve the physical strength of a plate material and enable a perfect flatness of the surface to be formed, , It is possible to impart a texture such as embossing of the surface that diversifies the design with the UV transfer layer which can not be obtained by the conventional UV coating. In particular, it is possible to provide the surface such as the gypsum board, The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material for enabling a variety of directing to an uneven fireproof panel material.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material by using a plate material made of plywood,

A compressing step of compressing the plate by placing a plate between the upper press heat plate and the lower press heat plate using a press having an air discharge cushion plate formed on the upper press heat plate and an air discharge cushion plate on the lower press heat plate;

A pattern printing process in which a printed surface is obtained by printing and completely drying the upper surface of the compressed plate using a water-based ink in a desired design;

A UV sublimation process in which a transparent undercoat UV paint is applied to the surface of the plate including the printed surface and UV curing to form a UV subbing film;

A UV intermediate process in which a transparent intermediate UV coating is applied to the upper part of the UV subbing layer of the plate material subjected to the subbing process and UV curing is performed to form a UV intermediate layer;

The upper press hot plate is provided with an embossed mirror plate on which an emboss is formed in a bottom face and an air exhaust cushion plate is formed on the lower press plate. The plate is thermally compressed, and a transfer sheet having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper face of the plate, An embossing and transfer pattern forming process for forming a transfer pattern and an emboss pattern on the UV intermediate film by compressing;

It is possible to perform a UV phase process in which a transparent top coat UV coating is applied to the surface of the embossed UV coating and then UV cured to form a UV coating,

A UV embossed plate is produced by using a plate of MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard) or PB (Particle Board) or fire retardant panel,

A pattern printing step of printing and completely drying the upper surface of the plate material using a water-based ink in a desired design to obtain a printed surface;

A UV sublimation process in which a transparent undercoat UV paint is applied to the surface of the plate including the printed surface and UV curing to form a UV subbing film;

A UV intermediate process in which a transparent intermediate UV coating is applied to the upper part of the UV subbing layer of the plate material subjected to the subbing process and UV curing is performed to form a UV intermediate layer;

The upper press hot plate is provided with an embossed mirror plate on which an emboss is formed in a bottom face and an air exhaust cushion plate is formed on the lower press plate. The plate is thermally compressed, and a transfer sheet having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper face of the plate, An embossing and transfer pattern forming process for forming a transfer pattern and an emboss pattern on the UV intermediate film by compressing;

A UV top coat process is performed in which a transparent top coat UV coating is applied to the surface of the embossed UV coating, and UV curing is performed to form a UV coating.

As described above, in the method of producing a UV embossed coated sheet according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the plywood by pressing and pressing with a press, and at the same time, it is possible to form the perfect flatness of the surface while improving the physical strength, And it is possible to produce a variety of texture effects and stereoscopic effects such as various UV transcription and embossing that could not be realized by conventional UV coating. Especially, it is possible to produce MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard) or PB (Particle Board) It is possible to obtain an enlargement of the field of use according to the production.

Fig. 1 is an overall process diagram according to a first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a UV embossed plate material according to the present invention. Fig.
Fig. 2 is a total view according to a first embodiment of the method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material of the present invention. Fig.
3 is a detailed view of the compression process according to the first embodiment of the method of manufacturing the UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
4 is a detailed view of a pattern printing process according to the first embodiment of the method for manufacturing a UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the UV sublimation process according to the first embodiment of the method of manufacturing the UV embossed plate of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a detailed view of the UV intermediate process according to the first embodiment of the method of manufacturing the UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
7 is a detailed view of the embossing and transfer pattern forming process according to the first embodiment of the method for manufacturing a UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
8A and 8B are detailed views of another embodiment of the embossing and transfer patterning process according to the first embodiment of the method of manufacturing the UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a detailed view of a UV top-view process according to the first embodiment of the method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
10 is a detailed view of the pattern transferring process according to the first embodiment of the method for manufacturing a UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
11 is an overall process diagram according to a second embodiment of the method for manufacturing a UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
12 is a view showing the overall operation according to the second embodiment of the method of manufacturing the UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
13 is a detailed view of the pattern transferring process according to the second embodiment of the method for manufacturing a UV embossed plate material of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a plate produced by the method for producing a UV embossed coated sheet according to the present invention. Fig.
15 is a plan view of a plate produced by the method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate according to the present invention.

The terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms and the inventor may appropriately define the concept of the term in order to best describe its invention It should be construed as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the technical ideas of the present invention are described. Therefore, It should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may be present.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The method for manufacturing a UV embossed coated sheet material according to the present invention is for producing a sheet material used for flooring, furniture, kitchen furniture, and other interior, and is manufactured by using a commonly used plywood or MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard) or PB (Particle Board) Or the like can be used.

First, in order to produce a plate material using the plate material 100 made of plywood as in the first embodiment,

1 is a whole process diagram according to a first embodiment of a method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material according to the present invention.

The method of manufacturing a UV embossed coated sheet according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a compression step (S100), a pattern printing step (S200), a UV priming step (S300) (S400), an embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500), and a UV topping process (S600).

In detail,

The compression step (S100)

Conventional plywood is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of wood plywood in a lattice shape. The thickness of the plywood is remarkable due to the pores formed in the wood plywood, its durability and strength are weak, and the flatness of the surface is very rough. This is a process to complement this.

3, a thermal press has an upper press heat plate 110 and a lower press heat plate 120, which are provided with heaters (not shown in the figure) inside to apply heat.

At this time, it is possible that a flat mirror surface plate 111 is formed on the upper press hot plate 110 and an air discharge cushion plate 121 is formed on the lower press hot plate 120, And has also been applied to Patent Application No. 10-1299918.

The upper press heat plate 110 and the lower press heat plate 120 are pressed by using a hot press as described above and a plate material 100 is sandwiched between the upper press heat plate 110 and the lower press heat plate 120, A temperature of 150 DEG C is applied to the press hot plate 120 and the upper press hot plate 110 is pressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / cm < 2 >.

That is, when the plate material 100 is compressed while heat is applied to the plate material 100 as described above, the voids formed on the wooden paperboard are filled and the thickness thereof is reduced and compressed.

In addition, when the compression is performed as described above, it is compressed by the non-patterned mirror-surface plate 111 on the upper surface, and superior flatness can also be obtained on the upper surface.

The pattern printing process (S200)

4, the upper printing roller 210 and the lower rubber guide roller 220, which are made of a metal material and have various printing patterns 211 embossing and embossing angles, And a scraper 230 is formed on one side of the upper printing roller 210. The upper side of the printing roller 210 is separated from the upper side between the printing roller 210 and the scraper 230, Aqueous ink is injected.

 That is, the plate material 100 is printed on the upper surface while passing between the printing roller 210 and the guide roller 220. At this time, the sheet material 100 injected into the space between the printing roller 210 and the scraper 230 The ink is filled in the engraved portion of the printed pattern 211 formed on the surface of the print roller 210 and the other ink is removed by the scraper 230.

The water ink filled in the print pattern 211 of the print roller 210 reaches the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the print roller 210 and the guide roller 220, The plate material 100 is formed on the surface of the plate material 100 by a predetermined pressure of the roller 220 so as to form the printing surface 200 and discharge the plate material 100. Thereafter, .

The printed pattern 211 formed on the surface of the printing roller 210 for forming the printing surface 200 can be formed in various forms according to the use purpose and the type of the plate material and can be repeated according to the pattern.

The UV sublimation process (S300)

As shown in FIG. 5, a transparent undercoat UV paint is used to form a UV undercoat on the surface of the print surface 200, which is possible by applying a paint and curing the paint.

In detail, the upper first application roller 310 and the lower first guide roller 320, which are made of a rubber material, are configured to have opposite rotational forces, so that the application of the paint and the in- And a first metallic paint supply roller 330 having a first scraper 331 with the same rotational force as that of the first apply roller 310 is coated on one side of the upper first application roller 310 And a UV paint is applied to the upper portion between the first application roller 310 and the first paint supply roller 330. In this case,

 That is, the plate material 100 is applied to the upper surface while passing between the first application roller 310 and the first guide roller 320. At this time, the first application roller 310 and the first The lower UV paint injected into the space between the paint supply rollers 330 is evenly transferred to the surface of the first application roller 310 by the first paint supply roller 330.

The lower UV paint on the surface of the first paint supply roller 330 that has been transferred is bladed by the first scraper 331 and then flows in between the first application roller 310 and the first paint supply roller 330 .

The lower UV coating applied to the surface of the first application roller 310 is then applied to the first application roller 310 when reaching the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the first application roller 310 and the first guide roller 320 The first and second guide rollers 310 and 320 and the first guide roller 320 to apply a predetermined pressure to the surface of the plate member 100 including the printing surface 200 to discharge the plate member 100. Then, Curing is performed in the UV curing chamber 340 to form the UV curing film 300.

Meanwhile, it is preferable that the undercoating UV paint applied as described above is applied in a thickness of 20 to 40 탆. In performing the curing, UV curing is performed so as to have a curing degree of 70%, and molding in a subsequent embossing process It is easy.

On the other hand, the undercoating UV paint used in the UV sublimation step (S300)

, 60 to 80% by weight of an oligomer, 1 to 10% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100% by weight of a UV paint.

At this time, as the oligomer, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and unsaturated polyester resin may be used, and either one or two or more of them may be used.

Also, the monomer may be selected from the group consisting of 2HPA (2 Hydroxy propyl acrylate), 2HEA (2 Hydroxy ethylacrylate), THFA (Tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate), IBOA (Isobonyl acrylate), 2HEMA (2 Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate), TPGDA (Tripropylene glycol diacrylate) glycol diacrylate, 1,6HDDA (1,6 hexanediol diacrylate), and TMPTA (trimethylopropane triacrylate). Any one or two or more of them may be used.

The photoinitiator may be selected from the group consisting of alpha hydroxy ketones, bisacrylphosphine oxides, benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha amino ketones, phenyl glyoxylate, and benzophenone, and any one or two or more of them may be used.

As the extender pigment, talc (TALC), silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide and magnesium carbonate can be used, and either one or two or more of them can be used.

The UV intermediate process (S400)

As shown in FIG. 6, a UV intermediate coating is formed on the surface of the UV primer 300 by using a transparent intermediate UV coating. This is accomplished by coating and curing the coating.

In detail, the upper second application roller 410 and the lower second guide roller 420, which are made of a rubber material, are configured to have opposite rotational forces, so that the application of the coating material and the in- And a second metal coating roller 430 having a second scraper 431 at the same rotational force as the second coating roller 410 is coated on one side of the upper second coating roller 410 And the intermediate UV paint is injected at an upper portion between the second application roller 410 and the second paint supply roller 430. [

 That is, the plate material 100 is applied to the upper surface while passing between the second application roller 410 and the second guide roller 420. At this time, the second application roller 410 and the second The intermediate UV paint injected through the paint supply roller 430 is uniformly transferred to the surface of the second application roller 410 by the second paint supply roller 430 having the opposite rotational force.

The intermediate UV paint on the surface of the second paint supply roller 430 remaining after the transfer is bladed by the second scraper 431 and then flows again between the second application roller 410 and the second paint supply roller 430 .

The intermediate UV coating applied to the surface of the second application roller 410 is then applied to the second application roller 410 when reaching the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the second application roller 410 and the second guide roller 420 Coating and plate 100 are discharged onto the printing surface 200 of the plate material 100 by a predetermined pressure of the first and second guide rollers 410 and 420 and then discharged to the second UV curing chamber (440) to form a UV intermediate film (400).

Meanwhile, it is preferable that the intermediate UV coating applied as described above is applied in a thickness of 30 to 50 탆. In performing the curing, the UV curing is performed so as to have a curing degree of 70%, so that the molding in the subsequent embossing process is easy Do.

On the other hand, the intermediate UV coating used in the UV intermediate process (S400)

, 60 to 75% by weight of an oligomer, 5 to 15% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100% by weight of the intermediate UV paint.

At this time, as the oligomer, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and unsaturated polyester resin may be used, and either one or two or more of them may be used.

Also, the monomer may be selected from the group consisting of 2HPA (2 Hydroxy propyl acrylate), 2HEA (2 Hydroxy ethylacrylate), THFA (Tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate), IBOA (Isobonyl acrylate), 2HEMA (2 Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate), TPGDA (Tripropylene glycol diacrylate) glycol diacrylate, 1,6HDDA (1,6 hexanediol diacrylate), and TMPTA (trimethylopropane triacrylate). Any one or two or more of them may be used.

The photoinitiator may be selected from the group consisting of alpha hydroxy ketones, bisacrylphosphine oxides, benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha amino ketones, phenyl glyoxylate, and benzophenone, and any one or two or more of them may be used.

As the extender pigment, talc (TALC), silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide and magnesium carbonate can be used, and either one or two or more of them can be used.

The embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500)

The emboss pattern 501 and the transfer pattern 502 are formed on the UV intermediate layer 400 by using a hot press. The heat press used therein includes a heater (not shown in the drawing) Which has been applied to Patent Application No. 10-1299918, filed by the present applicant of the present invention, and in the present invention, by using such a hot press, Various emboss patterns 501 and transfer patterns 502 can be formed.

7, the emboss pattern 501 and the transfer pattern 502 can be formed at one time. This is because the embossed mirror plate (the first embossing plate) 511a is formed in the upper press heat plate 510, 511, and the air discharge cushion plate 521 may be formed in the lower press heat plate 520.

The upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 are pressed by a plate material 100 having a UV intermediate layer 400 between the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520, 520 at a temperature of 180 to 200 DEG C and compressing the upper press heat plate 510 for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / cm < 2 >.

Meanwhile, in the process of applying heat and compressing as described above, the transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred may be placed on the upper surface of the plate material 100 and the thermal compression may be performed by placing the transfer surface downward.

That is, when the plate member 100 is compressed while heating the plate member 100 as described above, the surface of the UV cured film 400 that has not yet been completely cured is pressed down, and the embossed surface plate 511 The embossing pattern 501 corresponding to the embossing pattern 511a is formed and the strength of the sheet material 100 by the compression is increased. At the same time, the embossing pattern 501 is formed on the surface of the UV light- The transfer pattern 502 is formed by transferring the pattern corresponding to the entire surface of the photosensitive drum 501.

The emboss pattern 501 and the transfer pattern 502 can be formed as described above. First, the emboss pattern 501 is formed through the emboss pattern formation step S510 as shown in FIG. 8A. Lt; / RTI >

An embossed mirror plate 511 formed with the embossment 511a exposed on the bottom surface of the upper press heating plate 510 and an air exhausting cushion plate 521 formed on the lower pressing plate 520 may be formed.

The upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 are pressed by a plate material 100 having a UV intermediate layer 400 between the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520, 520 at a temperature of 180 to 200 DEG C and compressing the upper press heat plate 510 for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / cm < 2 >.

That is, when the plate member 100 is compressed while heating the plate member 100 as described above, the surface of the UV cured film 400 that has not yet been completely cured is pressed down, and the embossed surface plate 511 The embroidery pattern 501 corresponding to the embossed pattern 511a is formed and the strength of the plate material 100 by compression is improved.

Thereafter, a transfer pattern 502 is formed through a transfer pattern formation process (S520) as shown in FIG. 8B,

At this time, the upper press heat plate 510 is provided with a flat patterned mirror plate 512 on its bottom surface, and a transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the plate material 100 with the transfer surface facing downward A temperature of 180 to 200 ° C may be applied to the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 and the pressing may be performed by pressing the plate for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 10 to 20 kg /

The pattern is transferred to the surface of the UV intermediate layer 400 through the transfer sheet 550 so that the transfer pattern 502 is formed on the surface of the UV intermediate layer 400. This is because when the emboss pattern 501 is formed By performing the transfer at low pressure, the embossing pattern 501 is prevented from being pressed. The transfer pattern 502 is not formed on the entire surface of the emboss pattern 501 but only the portion corresponding to the protrusion is formed on the emboss pattern 501. [

That is, when the transfer pattern 502 is formed on the protrusion of the emboss pattern 501 as described above, the emboss pattern 501 itself is given a dual design and a feeling of impression is given to the protrusion and the recess .

In the UV phase process (S600)

As shown in FIG. 9, a transparent top coat is formed on the surface of the UV intermediate coat 400 to form a UV coat using a UV paint, which is possible by applying a paint and curing the paint.

In detail, the upper third applying roller 610 and the lower third guide roller 620, which are made of a rubber material, are configured to have opposite rotational forces so that the application of the coating material and the in- And a third metal coating roller 630 having a third scraper 631 at the same rotational force as the third coating roller 610 is coated on one side of the upper third coating roller 610 And the top UV paint is injected at an upper portion between the third application roller 610 and the third paint supply roller 630. [

 That is, the plate material 100 is applied to the upper surface while passing between the third application roller 610 and the third guide roller 620. At this time, the third application roller 610 and the third The topside UV paint injected between the paint supply rollers 630 is evenly transferred to the surface of the third application roller 610 by the third paint supply roller 630 having the opposite rotational force.

The top UV paint on the surface of the third paint supply roller 630 that has been transferred is bladed by the third scraper 631 and then flows in between the first application roller 610 and the first paint supply roller 630 .

The top UV coating applied to the surface of the third application roller 610 is transferred to the third application roller 610 when reaching the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the third application roller 610 and the third guide roller 620 The first UV curing chamber 610 and the third UV curing chamber 610 are disposed on the printing surface 200 of the plate member 100 by a predetermined pressure of the first guide roller 610 and the third guide roller 620, Curing is performed in step 640 to form the UV top coat 600.

Meanwhile, it is preferable that the top coating UV coating applied as described above is applied in a thickness of 10 to 20 탆. When the curing is performed, UV curing is performed with a 100% curing degree including the primer UV coating and the intermediate UV coating You can do it.

On the other hand, the top UV coating used in the UV topping process (S600)

The composition is composed of 40 to 60% by weight of an oligomer, 20 to 40% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 10 to 20% by weight of a quencher, based on 100% by weight of a top UV coating.

At this time, as the oligomer, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and unsaturated polyester resin may be used, and either one or two or more of them may be used.

Also, the monomer may be selected from the group consisting of 2HPA (2 Hydroxy propyl acrylate), 2HEA (2 Hydroxy ethylacrylate), THFA (Tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate), IBOA (Isobonyl acrylate), 2HEMA (2 Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate), TPGDA (Tripropylene glycol diacrylate) glycol diacrylate, 1,6HDDA (1,6 hexanediol diacrylate), and TMPTA (trimethylopropane triacrylate). Any one or two or more of them may be used.

The photoinitiator may be selected from the group consisting of alpha hydroxy ketones, bisacrylphosphine oxides, benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha amino ketones, phenyl glyoxylate, and benzophenone, and any one or two or more of them may be used.

In addition, WAX type slica or NON WAX type silica can be used as the quencher, and either one or both of them can be used.

As described above, the method of manufacturing a UV embossed coated sheet according to the present invention includes a compression step (S100), a pattern printing step (S200), a UV priming step (S300), a UV intermediate step (S400), an embossing step ) And the UV superplast process (S600), the UV embossed plate 100 can be obtained as shown in FIG.

In addition, a pattern may be additionally formed in the sheet material to vary the surface pattern of the sheet material. In this case, the transfer sheet 550 used in the embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500) 750).

That is, referring to FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 10, the pattern transferring step S700 is further performed before the UV intermediate step S400,

The sheet material 100 is thermally compressed by using a press with the air discharge cushion plate 721 formed on the lower press heat plate 720 and the plate material 100 A transfer sheet 750 having a pattern different from that of the transfer sheet 550 used in the embossing and transfer pattern forming process S500 is placed on the upper surface of the transfer sheet 500 and a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / The transfer pattern 701 may be transferred onto the UV primer layer 300 by thermal compression for 10 to 20 seconds.

That is, various patterns can be additionally formed through the pattern transferring step S700 as described above, and it becomes possible to obtain the UV embossed plate material 100 as shown in FIG.

Also, in order to manufacture the UV embossed plate material by using any one of MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard), PB (Particle Board) and fire retardant panel as in the second embodiment,

11 is an overall process diagram according to the second embodiment of the method of manufacturing the UV embossed plate material of the present invention.

The method of manufacturing the UV embossed coated sheet according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the pattern printing step S200, the UV sublimation step S300, the UV intermediate step S400, And a transfer pattern formation step (S500), and a UV phase step (S600).

Here, the pattern printing process (S200) applied in the above-described first embodiment at the time of manufacturing a plate material using any one of MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard), PB (Particle Board) (UV) step S300, a UV intermediate step S400, an embossing and transfer pattern forming step S500, and a UV phase step S600 may be performed in the same manner.

In this case, in the second embodiment, it is unnecessary to perform the compression step (S100) unlike the first embodiment. This is because the conventional MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard) or PB (Particle Board) This is because it is manufactured with excellent durability and strength or flatness.

The pattern printing process (S200)

4, the upper printing roller 210 and the lower guide roller 220, which are made of a metal material and have various printing patterns 211 embossing angles with the engraved surface, A scraper 230 is formed on one side of the upper printing roller 210 and a water-based ink is applied on the upper side between the printing roller 210 and the scraper 230, .

 That is, the plate material 100 is printed on the upper surface while passing between the printing roller 210 and the guide roller 220. At this time, the sheet material 100 injected into the space between the printing roller 210 and the scraper 230 The ink is filled in the engraved portion of the printed pattern 211 formed on the surface of the print roller 210 and the other ink is removed by the scraper 230.

The water ink filled in the print pattern 211 of the print roller 210 reaches the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the print roller 210 and the guide roller 220, The plate material 100 is formed on the surface of the plate material 100 by a predetermined pressure of the roller 220 so as to form the printing surface 200 and discharge the plate material 100. Thereafter, .

The printed pattern 211 formed on the surface of the printing roller 210 for forming the printing surface 200 can be formed in various forms according to the use purpose and the type of the plate material and can be repeated according to the pattern.

The UV sublimation process (S300)

As shown in FIG. 5, a transparent undercoat UV paint is used to form a UV undercoat on the surface of the print surface 200, which is possible by applying a paint and curing the paint.

In detail, the upper first application roller 310 and the lower first guide roller 320, which are made of a rubber material, are configured to have opposite rotational forces, so that the application of the paint and the in- And a first metallic paint supply roller 330 having a first scraper 331 with the same rotational force as that of the first apply roller 310 is coated on one side of the upper first application roller 310 And a UV paint is applied to the upper portion between the first application roller 310 and the first paint supply roller 330. In this case,

 That is, the plate material 100 is applied to the upper surface while passing between the first application roller 310 and the first guide roller 320. At this time, the first application roller 310 and the first The lower UV paint injected into the space between the paint supply rollers 330 is evenly transferred to the surface of the first application roller 310 by the first paint supply roller 330.

The lower UV paint on the surface of the first paint supply roller 330 that has been transferred is bladed by the first scraper 331 and then flows in between the first application roller 310 and the first paint supply roller 330 .

The lower UV coating applied to the surface of the first application roller 310 is then applied to the first application roller 310 when reaching the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the first application roller 310 and the first guide roller 320 The first and second guide rollers 310 and 320 and the first guide roller 320 to apply a predetermined pressure to the surface of the plate member 100 including the printing surface 200 to discharge the plate member 100. Then, Curing is performed in the UV curing chamber 340 to form the UV curing film 300.

Meanwhile, it is preferable that the undercoating UV paint applied as described above is applied in a thickness of 20 to 40 탆. In performing the curing, UV curing is performed so as to have a curing degree of 70%, and molding in a subsequent embossing process It is easy.

On the other hand, the undercoating UV paint used in the UV sublimation step (S300)

, 60 to 80% by weight of an oligomer, 1 to 10% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100% by weight of a UV paint.

The UV intermediate process (S400)

As shown in FIG. 6, a UV intermediate coating is formed on the surface of the UV primer 300 by using a transparent intermediate UV coating. This is accomplished by coating and curing the coating.

In detail, the upper second application roller 410 and the lower second guide roller 420, which are made of a rubber material, are configured to have opposite rotational forces, so that the application of the coating material and the in- And a second metal coating roller 430 having a second scraper 431 at the same rotational force as the second coating roller 410 is coated on one side of the upper second coating roller 410 And the intermediate UV paint is injected at an upper portion between the second application roller 410 and the second paint supply roller 430. [

 That is, the plate material 100 is applied to the upper surface while passing between the second application roller 410 and the second guide roller 420. At this time, the second application roller 410 and the second The intermediate UV paint injected through the paint supply roller 430 is uniformly transferred to the surface of the second application roller 410 by the second paint supply roller 430 having the opposite rotational force.

The intermediate UV paint on the surface of the second paint supply roller 430 remaining after the transfer is bladed by the second scraper 431 and then flows again between the second application roller 410 and the second paint supply roller 430 .

The intermediate UV coating applied to the surface of the second application roller 410 is then applied to the second application roller 410 when reaching the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the second application roller 410 and the second guide roller 420 Coating and plate 100 are discharged onto the printing surface 200 of the plate material 100 by a predetermined pressure of the first and second guide rollers 410 and 420 and then discharged to the second UV curing chamber (440) to form a UV intermediate film (400).

Meanwhile, it is preferable that the intermediate UV coating applied as described above is applied in a thickness of 30 to 50 탆. In performing the curing, the UV curing is performed so as to have a curing degree of 70%, so that the molding in the subsequent embossing process is easy Do.

On the other hand, the intermediate UV coating used in the UV intermediate process (S400)

, 60 to 75% by weight of an oligomer, 5 to 15% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100% by weight of the intermediate UV paint.

The embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500)

The emboss pattern 501 and the transfer pattern 502 are formed on the UV intermediate layer 400 by using a hot press. The heat press used therein includes a heater (not shown in the drawing) Which has been applied to Patent Application No. 10-1299918, filed by the present applicant of the present invention, and in the present invention, by using such a hot press, Various emboss patterns 501 and transfer patterns 502 can be formed.

7, the emboss pattern 501 and the transfer pattern 502 can be formed at one time. This is because the embossed mirror plate (the first embossing plate) 511a is formed in the upper press heat plate 510, 511, and the air discharge cushion plate 521 may be formed in the lower press heat plate 520.

The upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 are pressed by a plate material 100 having a UV intermediate layer 400 between the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520, 520 at a temperature of 180 to 200 DEG C and compressing the upper press heat plate 510 for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / cm < 2 >.

Meanwhile, in the process of applying heat and compressing as described above, the transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred may be placed on the upper surface of the plate material 100 and the thermal compression may be performed by placing the transfer surface downward.

That is, when the plate member 100 is compressed while heating the plate member 100 as described above, the surface of the UV cured film 400 that has not yet been completely cured is pressed down, and the embossed surface plate 511 The embossing pattern 501 corresponding to the embossing pattern 511a is formed and the strength of the sheet material 100 by the compression is increased. At the same time, the embossing pattern 501 is formed on the surface of the UV light- The transfer pattern 502 is formed by transferring the pattern corresponding to the entire surface of the photosensitive drum 501.

The emboss pattern 501 and the transfer pattern 502 can be formed as described above. First, the emboss pattern 501 is formed through the emboss pattern formation step S510 as shown in FIG. 8A. Lt; / RTI >

An embossed mirror plate 511 formed with the embossment 511a exposed on the bottom surface of the upper press heating plate 510 and an air exhausting cushion plate 521 formed on the lower pressing plate 520 may be formed.

The upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 are pressed by a plate material 100 having a UV intermediate layer 400 between the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520, 520 at a temperature of 180 to 200 DEG C and compressing the upper press heat plate 510 for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / cm < 2 >.

That is, when the plate member 100 is compressed while heating the plate member 100 as described above, the surface of the UV cured film 400 that has not yet been completely cured is pressed down, and the embossed surface plate 511 The embroidery pattern 501 corresponding to the embossed pattern 511a is formed and the strength of the plate material 100 by compression is improved.

Thereafter, a transfer pattern 502 is formed through a transfer pattern formation process (S520) as shown in FIG. 8B,

At this time, the upper press heat plate 510 is provided with a flat patterned mirror plate 512 on its bottom surface, and a transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the plate material 100 with the transfer surface facing downward A temperature of 180 to 200 ° C may be applied to the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 and the pressing may be performed by pressing the plate for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 10 to 20 kg /

The pattern is transferred to the surface of the UV intermediate layer 400 through the transfer sheet 550 so that the transfer pattern 502 is formed on the surface of the UV intermediate layer 400. This is because when the emboss pattern 501 is formed By performing the transfer at low pressure, the embossing pattern 501 is prevented from being pressed. The transfer pattern 502 is not formed on the entire surface of the emboss pattern 501 but only the portion corresponding to the protrusion is formed on the emboss pattern 501. [

That is, when the transfer pattern 502 is formed on the protrusion of the emboss pattern 501 as described above, the emboss pattern 501 itself is given a dual design and a feeling of impression is given to the protrusion and the recess .

In the UV phase process (S600)

As shown in FIG. 9, a transparent top coat is formed on the surface of the UV intermediate coat 400 to form a UV coat using a UV paint, which is possible by applying a paint and curing the paint.

In detail, the upper third applying roller 610 and the lower third guide roller 620, which are made of a rubber material, are configured to have opposite rotational forces so that the application of the coating material and the in- And a third metal coating roller 630 having a third scraper 631 at the same rotational force as the third coating roller 610 is coated on one side of the upper third coating roller 610 And the top UV paint is injected at an upper portion between the third application roller 610 and the third paint supply roller 630. [

 That is, the plate material 100 is applied to the upper surface while passing between the third application roller 610 and the third guide roller 620. At this time, the third application roller 610 and the third The topside UV paint injected between the paint supply rollers 630 is evenly transferred to the surface of the third application roller 610 by the third paint supply roller 630 having the opposite rotational force.

The top UV paint on the surface of the third paint supply roller 630 that has been transferred is bladed by the third scraper 631 and then flows in between the first application roller 610 and the first paint supply roller 630 .

The top UV coating applied to the surface of the third application roller 610 is transferred to the third application roller 610 when reaching the upper surface of the plate 100 passing through the third application roller 610 and the third guide roller 620 The first UV curing chamber 610 and the third UV curing chamber 610 are disposed on the printing surface 200 of the plate member 100 by a predetermined pressure of the first guide roller 610 and the third guide roller 620, Curing is performed in step 640 to form the UV top coat 600.

Meanwhile, it is preferable that the top coating UV coating applied as described above is applied in a thickness of 10 to 20 탆. When the curing is performed, UV curing is performed with a 100% curing degree including the primer UV coating and the intermediate UV coating You can do it.

On the other hand, the top UV coating used in the UV topping process (S600)

The composition is composed of 40 to 60% by weight of an oligomer, 20 to 40% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 10 to 20% by weight of a quencher, based on 100% by weight of a top UV coating.

As described above, the method of manufacturing a UV embossed coated sheet according to the present invention includes a compression step (S100), a pattern printing step (S200), a UV priming step (S300), a UV intermediate step (S400), an embossing step ) And the UV superplast process (S600), the UV embossed plate 100 can be obtained as shown in FIG.

In addition, a pattern may be additionally formed in the sheet material to vary the surface pattern of the sheet material. In this case, the transfer sheet 550 used in the embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500) 750).

That is, referring to FIG. 11, a pattern transferring step (S700) is further performed before the UV intermediate step (S400) as shown in FIG. 13,

The sheet material 100 is thermally compressed by using a press with the air discharge cushion plate 721 formed on the lower press heat plate 720 and the plate material 100 A transfer sheet 750 having a pattern different from that of the transfer sheet 550 used in the embossing and transfer pattern forming process S500 is placed on the upper surface of the transfer sheet 500 and a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / The transfer pattern 701 may be transferred onto the UV primer layer 300 by thermal compression for 10 to 20 seconds.

That is, various patterns can be additionally formed through the pattern transferring step S700 as described above, and it becomes possible to obtain the UV embossed plate material 100 as shown in FIG.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the method of manufacturing a UV embossed coated sheet according to the present invention can obtain not only plywood but also MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard) or PB (Particle Board) And it is possible to produce various surfaces according to the excellent surface strength and emboss formation by the excellent completion of the printing surface according to the excellent flatness and especially the UV coating over the lower, middle and upper surfaces.

100: sheet material
110: upper press hot plate 111:
120: lower press heat plate 121: air discharge cushion plate
200: printing surface 210: printing roller
220: guide roller 230: scraper
300: UV coating film 310: first coating roller
320: first guide roller 330: first paint supply roller
331: first scraper 340: first UV curing chamber
400: UV intermediate film 410: second application roller
420: second guide roller 430: second paint supply roller
431: Second scraper 440: Second UV curing chamber
501: Embroidery pattern 502: Warrior pattern
510: upper press heating plate 511: Embo mirror plate
511a: emboss 520: lower press hot plate
521: Air discharge cushion plate 550: Transfer paper
600: UV top coat film 610: Third application roller
620: third guide roller 630: third paint supply roller
631: Third scraper 640: Third UV curing chamber
701: Transfer pattern 710: Upper press hot plate 711: Uneven pattern mirror plate 720: Lower press hot plate 721: Air discharge cushion plate 750: Transfer paper

Claims (12)

A UV embossed plate is produced by using a laminated plate 100,
The upper press heat plate 110 and the lower press heat plate 120 are formed by using a press with the air bearing cushion plate 121 formed on the lower press heat plate 120, A compression step (S100) for compressing the plate material (100) between the first and second plates (120, 120);
A pattern printing process (S200) for obtaining a printed surface (200) by printing and completely drying the upper surface of the compressed plate material (100) using a water-based ink in a desired design;
A UV sublimation process (S300) of forming a UV subbing layer (300) by applying a transparent undercoat UV paint on the surface of the plate (100) including the printed surface and UV curing;
A UV intermediate process (S400) for forming a UV intermediate film (400) by applying a transparent intermediate UV paint to the upper part of the UV primer (300) of the plate material (100)
The plate material 100 is thermally compressed using an upper press heat plate 510 and a press having an air discharge cushion plate 521 formed thereon and the upper surface UV intermediate coat 400 of the plate material 100 is formed with an emboss pattern 501 (S500) for forming an emboss pattern and a transfer pattern (502);
(S600) is performed in which a transparent top coat UV coating is applied to the surface of the UV intermediate film 400 on which the emboss pattern 501 is formed and UV curing is performed to form the UV top coat 600 Wherein said UV embossed coated sheet material has a thickness of 10 mm.
The method according to claim 1,
The compression step (S100)
A temperature of 150 ° C is applied to the upper press heat plate 110 and the lower press heat plate 120 and compressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg /
The UV sublimation process (S300)
A UV coating is applied to the upper surface of the plate 100 at a thickness of 20 to 40 탆 and cured to have a degree of curing of 70% to form a UV coating 300,
The UV intermediate process (S400)
A middle UV coating is applied to the upper part of the UV coating film 300 at a thickness of 30 to 50 μm and then cured to have a degree of curing of 70% to form the UV coating film 400,
In the UV phase process (S600)
Wherein the top coat UV coating is applied to the surface of the UV coating film at a thickness of 10 to 20 μm and then cured to have a degree of curing of 100% to form the UV coating film.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The lower UV coating used in the UV priming process (S300)
The composition is composed of 60 to 80% by weight of an oligomer, 1 to 10% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100%
The intermediate UV coating used in the UV intermediate process (S400)
The composition is composed of 60 to 75% by weight of an oligomer, 5 to 15% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100%
The top UV coating used in the UV topping process (S600)
Characterized in that the UV embossed coating material is composed of 40 to 60% by weight of an oligomer, 20 to 40% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 10 to 20% by weight of a quencher, based on 100% Gt;
The method according to claim 1,
The embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500)
The upper press heat plate 510 further has an embossed mirror plate 511 on which an embossment 511a is exposed and a transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the plate member 100, A temperature of 180 to 200 ° C is applied to the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 and the plate is thermally compressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / (501) and a transfer pattern (501) are formed at the same time.
The method according to claim 1,
The embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500)
The embossed mirror plate 511 having the emboss 511a formed on the bottom surface is formed on the upper press heat plate 510. The temperature of 180-200 ° C is applied to the upper press plate 510 and the lower press plate 520, An emboss pattern forming step S510 of forming an emboss pattern 501 on the UV embossing layer 400 by thermocompression for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of about 40 kg / cm2; And
A transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the sheet material 100 and a transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the upper sheet material 510, The transfer heat 502 is applied to the press hot plate 520 at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C and thermally compressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 10 to 20 kg / cm 2 to form the transfer pattern 502 only on the protrusion of the emboss pattern 501 (S520). The method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material according to claim 1,
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Prior to the UV intermediate process (S400)
The sheet material 100 is thermally compressed by using a press with the air discharge cushion plate 721 formed on the lower press heat plate 720 and the plate material 100 The transfer paper 750 is placed on the upper surface of the transfer sheet 701 and thermally compressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C under a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / (S700) to form a UV embossed coated plate.
A UV embossed plate is manufactured using one of the MDF (Midium Density Fiberboard) or PB (Particle Board) or the fire retardant panel,
A pattern printing process (S200) for obtaining a printed surface (200) by printing and completely drying the upper surface of the plate material (100) using a water-based ink in a desired design;
A UV sublimation process (S300) of forming a UV subbing layer (300) by applying a transparent undercoat UV paint on the surface of the plate (100) including the printed surface and UV curing;
A UV intermediate process (S400) for forming a UV intermediate film (400) by applying a transparent intermediate UV paint to the upper part of the UV primer (300) of the plate material (100)
The plate material 100 is thermally compressed using an upper press heat plate 510 and a press having an air discharge cushion plate 521 formed thereon and the upper surface UV intermediate coat 400 of the plate material 100 is formed with an emboss pattern 501 (S500) for forming an emboss pattern and a transfer pattern (502);
(S600) is performed in which a transparent top coat UV coating is applied to the surface of the UV intermediate film 400 on which the emboss pattern 501 is formed and UV curing is performed to form the UV top coat 600 Wherein said UV embossed coated sheet material has a thickness of 10 mm.
8. The method of claim 7,
The UV sublimation process (S300)
A UV coating is applied to the upper surface of the plate 100 at a thickness of 20 to 40 탆 and cured to have a degree of curing of 70% to form a UV coating 300,
The UV intermediate process (S400)
A middle UV coating is applied to the upper part of the UV coating film 300 at a thickness of 30 to 50 μm and then cured to have a degree of curing of 70% to form the UV coating film 400,
In the UV phase process (S600)
Wherein the top coat UV coating is applied to the surface of the UV coating film at a thickness of 10 to 20 μm and then cured to have a degree of curing of 100% to form the UV coating film.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8,
The lower UV coating used in the UV priming process (S300)
The composition is composed of 60 to 80% by weight of an oligomer, 1 to 10% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100%
The intermediate UV coating used in the UV intermediate process (S400)
The composition is composed of 60 to 75% by weight of an oligomer, 5 to 15% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 15 to 30% by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100%
The top UV coating used in the UV topping process (S600)
Characterized in that the UV embossed coating material is composed of 40 to 60% by weight of an oligomer, 20 to 40% by weight of a monomer, 1 to 5% by weight of a photoinitiator and 10 to 20% by weight of a quencher, based on 100% Gt;
8. The method of claim 7,
The embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500)
The upper press heat plate 510 further has an embossed mirror plate 511 on which an embossment 511a is exposed and a transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the plate member 100, A temperature of 180 to 200 ° C is applied to the upper and lower pressing plates 510 and 520 and the plate is thermally compressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / (501) and a transfer pattern (501) are formed at the same time.
8. The method of claim 7,
The embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500)
The embossing and transfer pattern forming process (S500)
The embossed mirror plate 511 having the emboss 511a formed on the bottom surface is formed on the upper press heat plate 510. The temperature of 180-200 ° C is applied to the upper press plate 510 and the lower press plate 520, An emboss pattern forming step S510 of forming an emboss pattern 501 on the UV embossing layer 400 by thermocompression for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of about 40 kg / cm2; And
A transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the sheet material 100 and a transfer sheet 550 having a pattern to be transferred is placed on the upper surface of the upper sheet material 510, The transfer heat 502 is applied to the press hot plate 520 at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C and thermally compressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a pressure of 10 to 20 kg / cm 2 to form the transfer pattern 502 only on the protrusion of the emboss pattern 501 (S520). The method of manufacturing a UV embossed plate material according to claim 1,
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8,
Prior to the UV intermediate process (S400)
The sheet material 100 is thermally compressed by using a press with the air discharge cushion plate 721 formed on the lower press heat plate 720 and the plate material 100 The transfer paper 750 is placed on the upper surface of the transfer sheet 701 and thermally compressed for 10 to 20 seconds while applying a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C under a pressure of 30 to 40 kg / (S700) to form a UV embossed coated plate.

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