KR101500349B1 - APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING AGED OF LEAN NOx TRAP CATALYST - Google Patents

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING AGED OF LEAN NOx TRAP CATALYST Download PDF

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KR101500349B1
KR101500349B1 KR1020090120090A KR20090120090A KR101500349B1 KR 101500349 B1 KR101500349 B1 KR 101500349B1 KR 1020090120090 A KR1020090120090 A KR 1020090120090A KR 20090120090 A KR20090120090 A KR 20090120090A KR 101500349 B1 KR101500349 B1 KR 101500349B1
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reducing agent
amount
lnt catalyst
lambda
nox
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KR20110063140A (en
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김필승
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현대자동차 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/14—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics having more than one sensor of one kind
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 LNT(Lean NOx Trap)촉매의 모니터링 방법으로, LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 질소로 환원시키는 농후모드(Rich Mode)의 운전에서 NOx 재생에 사용된 환원제와 NOx재생에 사용되지 않고 LNT촉매의 후단으로 슬립(Slip)되는 환원제의 비를 통해 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 감지하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of monitoring an LNT (Lean NOx Trap) catalyst, in which the reducing agent used for NOx regeneration and the NOx regeneration agent used in the rich mode operation for reducing NOx stored in the LNT catalyst to nitrogen are used, To detect the deterioration of the LNT catalyst through the ratio of the reducing agent slipped to the rear end of the LNT catalyst.

본 발명은 LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 환원시키는 운전모드에서 제1,2람다센서의 신호를 검출하는 과정, 제1,2람다센서의 신호에서 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양과 반응되지 않고 슬립되는 환원제 양을 검출하는 과정, 상기 소모된 환원제 양과 슬립되는 환원제 양을 이용하여 환원제의 슬립비를 연산하는 과정, 상기 연산된 환원제의 슬립비와 임계값을 비교하여 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 진단하는 과정을 포함한다.The present invention relates to a process for detecting a signal of a first lambda sensor in an operation mode for reducing NOx occluded in an LNT catalyst, a process for detecting the amount of a reducing agent consumed in NOx reduction in a signal of the first and second lambda sensors, Calculating a slip ratio of the reducing agent using the amount of the consumed reducing agent and the amount of the reducing agent to be slipped; comparing the slip ratio of the calculated reducing agent with a threshold value to diagnose whether the LNT catalyst is deteriorated; .

LNT촉매, 환원제, 농후모드, 열화감지, 슬립비, 람다센서 LNT catalyst, reducing agent, rich mode, deterioration detection, slip ratio, lambda sensor

Description

ＬＮＴ촉매의 열화 감지장치 및 방법{APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING AGED OF LEAN NOx TRAP CATALYST}TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for detecting deterioration of an LNT catalyst,

본 발명은 LNT(Lean NOx Trap)촉매의 모니터링 방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 질소로 환원시키는 농후모드(Rich Mode)의 운전에서 NOx 재생에 사용된 환원제와 NOx재생에 사용되지 않고 LNT촉매의 후단으로 슬립(Slip)되는 환원제의 비를 통해 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 감지하도록 하는 LNT촉매의 열화 감지장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a monitoring method of an LNT (Lean NOx Trap) catalyst, and more particularly, to a method of monitoring a lean NOx trap catalyst used in a rich mode operation in which NOx occluded in an LNT catalyst is reduced to nitrogen, The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for detecting deterioration of an LNT catalyst, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for detecting deterioration of an LNT catalyst by detecting the deterioration of the LNT catalyst through a ratio of a reducing agent slip to the rear end of the LNT catalyst.

차량의 엔진에서 배출되는 배기가스에는 다양한 유해물질이 포함되어 있으므로, 이러한 유해물질을 정화시켜 에미션(E/M)을 안정화시키기 위한 다양한 형태의 촉매가 장착된다.Since various kinds of harmful substances are contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine of the vehicle, various types of catalysts for stabilizing the emission (E / M) are installed.

디젤엔진에 대한 배기가스 규제에 따라 NOx 저감을 위해 NSC(NOx Storage Catalyst)를 적용한 LNT촉매가 적용되고 있다.LNT catalysts using NSC (NOx Storage Catalyst) have been applied to reduce NOx according to exhaust gas regulations for diesel engines.

LNT촉매는 NOx 흡장촉매와 산화촉매(Diesel Oxidation Catalyst : DOC)가 하나의 담체에 구성되며, 희박모드(Lean Mode)의 운전에서 촉매담층(Wash coat)에 NOx를 흡장하고, 농후모드의 운전에서 디젤 연료를 환원제로 활용하여 흡장된 NOx 를 인체에 무해한 질소로 환원시켜 정화한다. The LNT catalyst consists of a NOx occlusion catalyst and a DOC (Oxidation Catalyst) (DOC) in one carrier. In the lean mode operation, NOx is occluded in the catalyst coat, Diesel fuel is used as a reducing agent to purify NOx that is occluded by reducing it to harmless nitrogen to the human body.

상기 LNT촉매는 대략적으로 200℃ 내지 500℃의 활성온도 범위에서 70 ~ 80% 이상의 매우 높은 NOx 정화효율을 갖는다.The LNT catalyst has an extremely high NOx purification efficiency of 70 to 80% or more at an active temperature range of approximately 200 ° C to 500 ° C.

통상적으로 디젤엔진은 엔진에 투입되는 공기가 이론 당량비의 공기보다 많은 상태인 희박모드로 운전되며, 희박모드의 운전에서 발생되는 NOx는 NSC인 LNT촉매에 흡장된다.Normally, the diesel engine is operated in a lean mode, in which the amount of air injected into the engine is greater than theoretical equivalent ratio air, and the NOx generated in the lean mode operation is occluded in the LNT catalyst, which is NSC.

그리고, LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 인체에 무해한 질소로 환원시키기 위하여 스로틀 밸브를 일정량 닫음으로써 투입 공기를 감소시키고, 후연소를 추가로 유도하여 농후모드의 운전으로 전환한다. In order to reduce NOx stored in the LNT catalyst to nitrogen which is harmless to the human body, the throttle valve is closed by a certain amount to reduce the input air and further convert the combustion mode to the rich mode operation.

농후모드와 희박모드의 운전을 위해 LNT촉매의 전/후단에 설치되는 람다센서 혹은 NOx 센서의 신호를 이용하고 있으나, 고가의 NOx센서 비용으로 인하여 람다센서를 이용하여 목표 공연비를 추종하는 방식이 적용된다.In order to operate the rich mode and the lean mode, the signals of the lambda sensor or the NOx sensor installed at the front and the rear of the LNT catalyst are used, but the method of following the target air-fuel ratio by using the lambda sensor is applied due to the cost of the expensive NOx sensor do.

LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx가 일정량의 수준에 도달하면 농후모드의 운전으로 전환되면서 LNT촉매의 전단에 설치된 람다센서의 신호를 기준으로 하여 0.92 ~ 0.94 수준에서 NOx 재생 제어를 시작하며, 농후모드의 운전에서 생성된 HC, CO, H2와 같은 환원제는 LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 N2로 환원시키는 역할을 한다. When the NOx occluded in the LNT catalyst reaches a certain level, the operation is switched to the rich mode operation, and the NOx regeneration control is started at the level of 0.92 to 0.94 based on the signal of the lambda sensor installed on the upstream side of the LNT catalyst. The reducing agent such as HC, CO, and H2 generated in the NOx reduction catalyst plays a role of reducing NOx occluded in the LNT catalyst to N2.

LNT촉매는 NOx의 환원에 따라 흡장된 NOx량은 점차 감소하게 되고, 반응물이 점차 줄어들면서 농후모드가 지속될수록 슬립되는 환원제의 양도 증가하게 된다.In the LNT catalyst, the amount of NOx occluded by the reduction of NOx gradually decreases, and as the reactant gradually decreases, the amount of the reducing agent slip increases as the rich mode continues.

이에 따라 LNT촉매의 후단에 설치된 람다센서에서 검출되는 값은 점차적으로 LNT촉매의 전단에 설치된 람다센서에서 검출되는 값에 수렴을 하게 되면서, LNT촉 매의 후단에서 환원제가 슬립되고 있음을 나타내게 된다. Accordingly, the value detected by the lambda sensor installed downstream of the LNT catalyst gradually converges to the value detected by the lambda sensor installed on the upstream side of the LNT catalyst, thereby indicating that the reducing agent is slipping at the end of the LNT catalyst.

정상적인 LNT촉매와 대비하여 열화 및 황피독이 진행된 LNT촉매의 경우 NOx 정화율이 점차 감소하게 되고, 그에 따라 LNT촉매의 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제의 양은 증가하게 된다.In the case of the LNT catalyst with deteriorated and edoxidized poisoning compared with the normal LNT catalyst, the NOx purification rate is gradually decreased, and the amount of the reducing agent slipping to the rear end of the LNT catalyst is increased.

통상적으로 LNT촉매(200)는 열화가 진행됨에 따라 NOx 정화율이 감소되는데, 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이 LNT촉매(200)가 정상적인 상태인 경우 농후모드의 운전에서 LNT촉매(200)로 유입되는 환원제는 상당량(a)이 NOx의 환원(재생)에 사용되고, LNT촉매(200)의 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제(b)는 일부의 양에 해당된다.As shown in FIG. 4, when the LNT catalyst 200 is in a normal state, the LNT catalyst 200 flows into the LNT catalyst 200 in a rich mode operation The reducing agent is used in a considerable amount (a) for reduction (regeneration) of NOx, and the reducing agent (b) to be slipped to the rear end of the LNT catalyst 200 corresponds to a certain amount.

그러나, LNT촉매(200)가 열화된 경우 농후모드의 운전에서 LNT촉매(200)로 유입되는 환원제는 일부분의 양(a)만이 NOx의 환원(재생)에 사용되고, LNT촉매(200)의 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제(b)는 상당양으로 증가된다.However, when the LNT catalyst 200 is deteriorated, only a part of the reducing agent introduced into the LNT catalyst 200 during the operation in the rich mode is used for reduction (regeneration) of NOx, The amount of the reducing agent (b) to be slip is increased by a considerable amount.

따라서, OBD-Ⅱ의 규제에서는 LNT촉매의 열화를 모니터링 하도록 하고 있으며, 규제를 만족시키지 못하는 경우 벌금을 부과하고 있다.Therefore, OBD-II regulation monitors the deterioration of LNT catalysts and fines are imposed if the regulations are not satisfied.

종래의 차량에서는 LNT 촉매의 전/후단에 설치된 고가의 NOx센서 정보를 이용하여 LNT촉매의 정화율을 판정하고, 정화율에 따라 LNT촉매의 열화여부를 판정하는 방법을 적용하고 있어 LNT촉매의 열화 판정에 신뢰성이 결여되는 단점이 있다.In the conventional vehicle, the purification rate of the LNT catalyst is determined by using the expensive NOx sensor information provided before / after the LNT catalyst, and the method of determining the deterioration of the LNT catalyst according to the purification rate is applied, There is a disadvantage in that reliability is lacking in the determination.

본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로, 그 목적은 LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 질소로 환원시키는 모드의 운전에서 LNT촉매의 전단 및 후단 에 설치된 람다센서의 정보로부터 NOx 재생에 사용된 환원제의 양과 NOx재생에 사용되지 않고 LNT촉매의 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제의 양을 검출하고, 이들 환원제 양의 비를 분석하여 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 감지하도록 하는 것이다. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to provide a method of reducing NOx stored in an LNT catalyst, which is used in NOx regeneration from information of a lambda sensor installed at the front end and a rear end of the LNT catalyst, The amount of the reducing agent and the amount of the reducing agent slip to the rear end of the LNT catalyst without being used for regeneration of NOx are detected and the ratio of the amount of the reducing agent is analyzed to detect the deterioration of the LNT catalyst.

상기한 목적을 실현하기 위한 본 발명의 특징에 따른 LNT촉매의 열화 감지장치는, 희박모드에서 NOx를 흡장하고, NOx를 환원제와 반응시켜 NOx를 재생시키는 LNT촉매; 농후모드에서 LNT촉매 전/후단의 람다값을 검출하는 제1,2람다센서; 상기 제1,2람다센서의 신호를 이용하여 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양과 슬립되는 환원제 양을 검출하여 슬립비를 산출하고, 슬립비에 따라 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 판정하는 제어부를 포함한다.An LNT catalyst deterioration detecting apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention for realizing the above object comprises: an LNT catalyst for storing NOx in a lean mode and regenerating NOx by reacting NOx with a reducing agent; A first and second lambda sensors for detecting lambda values before and after the LNT catalyst in the rich mode; And a controller for detecting the amount of the reducing agent consumed in the NOx reduction and the amount of the reducing agent slipped by using the signals of the first and second lambda sensors to calculate the slip ratio and determining whether the LNT catalyst is deteriorated according to the slip ratio.

또한, 본 발명의 특징에 따른 LNT촉매의 열화 감지방법은, LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 환원시키는 운전모드에서 제1,2람다센서의 신호를 검출하는 과정; 제1,2람다센서의 신호에서 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양과 반응되지 않고 슬립되는 환원제 양을 검출하는 과정; 상기 소모된 환원제 양과 슬립되는 환원제 양을 이용하여 환원제의 슬립비를 연산하는 과정; 상기 연산된 환원제의 슬립비와 임계값을 비교하여 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 진단하는 과정을 포함한다.A method of detecting deterioration of an LNT catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention includes detecting a signal of a first and second lambda sensors in an operation mode for reducing NOx occluded in an LNT catalyst; Detecting the amount of the reducing agent that is consumed in NOx reduction in the signals of the first and second lambda sensors and the amount of the reducing agent that is not reacted with the reducing agent; Calculating a slip ratio of the reducing agent using the amount of the consumed reducing agent and the amount of the reducing agent slipped; And comparing the calculated slip ratio of the reducing agent with a threshold value to diagnose whether the LNT catalyst is deteriorated.

전술한 구성에 의하여 본 발명은 농후모드의 운전에서 NOx의 재생에 반응하는 환원제 양과 슬립되는 환원제 양의 슬립비를 분석하여 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 진단함으로써, OBD-Ⅱ의 규제를 만족시켜 차량의 운행에 안정성 및 신뢰성을 제공 하는 효과가 있다.According to the present invention, the slip ratio of the amount of the reducing agent reacting with the regeneration of NOx and the amount of the slipping reducing agent in the rich mode operation is analyzed to determine whether or not the LNT catalyst is deteriorated. There is an effect of providing stability and reliability in operation.

아래에서는 첨부된 도면을 참고로 하여 본 발명의 실시예에 대하여 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

본 발명은 여러 가지 상이한 형태로 구현될 수 있으므로, 여기에서 설명하는 실시예에 한정되지 않으며, 도면에서 본 발명을 명확하게 설명하기 위하여 설명과 관계없는 부분은 생략하였다.The present invention can be embodied in various different forms, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 LNT촉매의 열화 감지장치를 개략적으로 도시한 도면이다.1 is a schematic view illustrating an apparatus for detecting deterioration of an LNT catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention.

본 발명은 차량의 동력원인 엔진(100)과, 공기량센서(110), LNT촉매(200), 제1람다센서(210), 제2람다센서(220), 온도센서(230) 및 제어부(300)를 포함한다.The present invention relates to an engine 100 that is a power source of a vehicle and an air amount sensor 110, an LNT catalyst 200, a first lambda sensor 210, a second lambda sensor 220, a temperature sensor 230, ).

공기량센서(110)는 흡기 매니폴더의 소정 위치에 장착되어 엔진(100)이 시동 온을 유지하는 상태에서 엔진(100)에 흡입되는 공기량을 검출하여 그에 대한 정보를 제어기(300)에 제공한다.The air amount sensor 110 is installed at a predetermined position of the intake manifold and detects the amount of air sucked into the engine 100 while the engine 100 maintains the start-up state, and provides the controller 300 with information on the amount of air.

LNT촉매(200)는 NOx 흡장촉매와 산화촉매가 하나의 담체에 구성되어, 희박모드의 운전에서 촉매 담층에 NOx를 흡장하여 저장하고, 농후모드의 운전에서 공급되는 환원제와 반응하여 흡장된 NOx를 인체에 무해한 질소로 환원시켜 정화한다.The LNT catalyst 200 includes a NOx storage catalyst and an oxidation catalyst in a single carrier to store and store NOx in the catalyst bed in the lean mode operation and to react with the reducing agent supplied in the rich mode operation to store the stored NOx It is reduced to nitrogen which is harmless to the human body and purified.

제1람다센서(210)는 NOx를 환원시키는 농후모드의 운전에서 LNT촉매(200) 전단의 람다값을 검출하여 그에 대한 정보를 제어기(300)에 제공한다.The first lambda sensor 210 detects the lambda value before the LNT catalyst 200 in the operation of the rich mode for reducing NOx and provides the controller 300 with information about the lambda value.

제2람다센서(220)는 NOx를 환원시키는 농후모드의 운전에서 LNT촉매(200) 후단의 람다값을 검출하여 그에 대한 정보를 제어기(300)에 제공한다.The second lambda sensor 220 detects the lambda value at the end of the LNT catalyst 200 in the operation of the rich mode for reducing NOx and provides the controller 300 with information about the detected lambda value.

제어부(300)는 공기량센서의 정보로부터 농후모드의 연료 분사량을 산출하여 제어하고, 연료 분사량으로부터 배기가스의 유량을 추정하며, 온도센서(230)에서 검출되는 LNT촉매(200)의 온도를 분석하여 LNT촉매(200)의 활성화가 이루어졌는지를 판단한다.The control unit 300 calculates and controls the fuel injection amount in the rich mode from the information of the air amount sensor, estimates the flow amount of the exhaust gas from the fuel injection amount, analyzes the temperature of the LNT catalyst 200 detected by the temperature sensor 230 It is determined whether activation of the LNT catalyst 200 has been performed.

상기 제어부(300)는 LNT촉매(200)의 활성화가 이루어진 상태이고 농후모드의 운전이 진행되어 HC, CO 등의 환원제가 공급되는 경우 제1람다센서(210)와 제2람다센서(220)의 람다값을 검출하며, 환원제의 양은 람다값에 비례하므로 제1람다센서(210)를 통해 검출되는 람다값(λ=1)에서 제2람다센서(220)의 람다값을 차 연산하여 LNT촉매(200) 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제의 양을 산출한다.The controller 300 controls the first lambda sensor 210 and the second lambda sensor 220 when the LNT catalyst 200 is activated and the rich mode operation is in progress and HC and CO are supplied. The lambda value of the second lambda sensor 220 is calculated by subtracting the lambda value of the second lambda sensor 220 from the lambda value (lambda = 1) detected through the first lambda sensor 210 so that the amount of the reducing agent is proportional to the lambda value, 200), the amount of the reducing agent slip to the rear end is calculated.

그리고, 제2람다센서(220)를 통해 검출되는 람다값에서 제1람다센서(210)에서 검출되는 람다값을 차 연산하여 LNT촉매(200)에서 NOx의 환원에 소모된 환원제의 양을 산출한다.The lambda value detected by the first lambda sensor 210 is subtracted from the lambda value detected through the second lambda sensor 220 to calculate the amount of the reducing agent consumed in the reduction of NOx in the LNT catalyst 200 .

상기와 같이 LNT촉매(200)에서 NOx의 환원에 소모된 환원제 양과 LNT촉매(200)의 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제 양이 산출되면 환원제의 슬립량을 환원제의 공급량(소모량 + 슬립량)으로 나누어 슬립비를 산출하며, 슬립비가 설정된 임계값을 초과하면 LNT촉매(200)의 NOx 정화율이 감소된 상태이므로 LNT촉매(200)를 열화로 판정하고, 슬립비가 설정된 임계값 미만이면 LNT촉매(200)의 NOx 정화율은 정상을 유지하는 것으로 판정하여 LNT촉매(200)를 정상으로 판정한다.When the amount of the reducing agent consumed in the reduction of NOx in the LNT catalyst 200 and the amount of the reducing agent slipped in the rear end of the LNT catalyst 200 are calculated as described above, the amount of the reducing agent slippage is divided by the amount of the reducing agent supplied (amount consumed + If the slip ratio exceeds the set threshold value, the NOx purification rate of the LNT catalyst 200 is decreased. Therefore, the LNT catalyst 200 is determined to be deteriorated. If the slip ratio is less than the preset threshold value, The NOx purification rate is determined to be normal and the LNT catalyst 200 is determined to be normal.

상기 임계값은 북미 13My 이후 차량인 경우 FTP-NOx의 1.75배(0.123g/mile)이다.The threshold value is 1.75 times (0.123 g / mile) of FTP-NOx in the case of vehicles after 13My in North America.

상기한 농후모드의 운전에서 LNT촉매(200)에 공급되는 환원제와 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양 및 슬립량의 관계는 도 3에 도시된 바와 같다.The relationship between the amount of the reducing agent consumed in reducing the NOx and the amount of slip supplied to the LNT catalyst 200 in the rich mode operation is as shown in FIG.

전술한 바와 같은 기능을 포함하는 본 발명의 동작에 대하여 도 2를 참조하여 구체적으로 설명한다.The operation of the present invention including the functions described above will be described in detail with reference to Fig.

본 발명이 적용되는 디젤차량의 엔진이 시동 온을 유지하는 상태에서 제어부(300)는 온도센서(230)에서 검출되는 정보가 LNT촉매(200)의 활성화가 이루어진 상태이면 LNT촉매(200)의 NOx 흡장량을 검출하여(S101) LNT촉매(200)의 재생이 필요한 상태인지를 판단한다(S102).The control unit 300 determines that the information detected by the temperature sensor 230 is NOx of the LNT catalyst 200 when the LNT catalyst 200 is activated, (S101) and determines whether or not the regeneration of the LNT catalyst 200 is required (S102).

상기 S102의 판단에서 LNT촉매(200)의 재생이 필요한 상태가 아니면 현재의 희박모드 운전을 유지하여 NOx의 흡장을 유지하고, LNT촉매(200)의 재생이 필요한 상태이면 제어부(300)는 농후모드의 운전으로 전환하여 NOx의 환원에 필요한 환원제를 공급한다(S103).If the regeneration of the LNT catalyst 200 is not required, the current lean mode operation is maintained and the occlusion of the NOx is maintained. If the regeneration of the LNT catalyst 200 is required, To supply the reducing agent necessary for reducing NOx (S103).

상기 S103에서 농후모드의 운전으로 전환되면 제어부(300)는 LNT촉매(200)의 전단에 설치된 제1람다센서(210)의 신호와 LNT촉매(200)의 후단에 설치된 제2람다센서(220)의 신호를 판독하여(S104) LNT촉매(200)에서 NOx의 환원에 소모되는 환원제의 소모량을 검출하고(S105), LNT촉매(200)에서 소모되지 못하고 슬립되는 환원제의 슬립량을 검출한다(S106).When the operation mode is switched to the rich mode in step S103, the controller 300 controls the first lambda sensor 210 installed on the upstream side of the LNT catalyst 200 and the second lambda sensor 220 installed on the downstream side of the LNT catalyst 200, (S104), the consumption amount of the reducing agent consumed in the reduction of NOx in the LNT catalyst 200 is detected (S105), and the amount of slippage of the reducing agent that is not consumed in the LNT catalyst 200 and is slipped is detected (S106 ).

상기에서 농후모드의 운전에 따라 LNT촉매(200)에 공급되는 환원제의 양은 람다값에 비례하므로, 제2람다센서(220)를 통해 검출되는 람다값에서 제1람다센서(210)에서 검출되는 람다값을 차 연산하여 LNT촉매(200)에서 NOx의 환원에 소모된 환원제의 양을 산출한다.Since the amount of the reducing agent supplied to the LNT catalyst 200 according to the rich mode operation is proportional to the lambda value, the lambda value detected through the second lambda sensor 220, To calculate the amount of the reducing agent consumed in the reduction of NOx in the LNT catalyst 200.

그리고, 제1람다센서(210)를 통해 검출되는 람다값(λ=1)에서 제2람다센서(220)의 람다값을 차 연산하여 LNT촉매(200) 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제의 양을 산출한다.Then, the lambda value of the second lambda sensor 220 is subtracted from the lambda value (? = 1) detected through the first lambda sensor 210 to calculate the amount of the reducing agent slipping to the rear end of the LNT catalyst 200 .

상기와 같이 LNT촉매(200)에서 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양과 LNT촉매(200)의 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제 양이 산출되면 환원제의 슬립량을 환원제의 공급량으로 나누어 슬립비를 산출한다(S107).When the amount of the reducing agent consumed in the NOx reduction process and the amount of the reducing agent slid to the rear end of the LNT catalyst 200 are calculated in the LNT catalyst 200 as described above, the slip ratio is calculated by dividing the slip amount of the reducing agent by the supplied amount of the reducing agent.

상기 환원제의 공급량을 소모된 환원제 양과 슬립되는 환원제 양의 합으로 산출된다.The supply amount of the reducing agent is calculated as the sum of the amount of the consumed reducing agent and the amount of the reducing agent to be slipped.

상기 S107에서 슬립비가 산출되면 슬립비가 설정된 임계값을 초과하는지 판단하여(S108), 임계값을 초과하면 LNT촉매(200)의 NOx 정화율이 감소된 상태이므로 LNT촉매(200)를 열화로 판정하고(S109) 그에 따른 고장코드를 저장함과 동시에 표시수단을 통해 운전자에게 지시한다(S110).If the slip ratio is calculated in step S107, it is determined whether the slip ratio exceeds a predetermined threshold value (S108). If the slip ratio exceeds the predetermined threshold value, the NOx purification rate of the LNT catalyst 200 is decreased and the LNT catalyst 200 is determined to be deteriorated (S109) and stores the failure code corresponding thereto and instructs the driver through the display means (S110).

그러나, 상기 S108의 판단에서 슬립비가 설정된 임계값 미만이면 LNT촉매(200)의 NOx 정화율은 정상을 유지하는 상태이므로 LNT촉매(200)를 정상으로 판정한다(S111).However, if the slip ratio is less than the preset threshold value in step S108, the NOx purification rate of the LNT catalyst 200 is in a normal state, so that the LNT catalyst 200 is determined to be normal (S111).

따라서, LNT촉매(200)의 열화 감지에 안정성 및 신뢰성을 제공한다.Therefore, it provides stability and reliability in detecting deterioration of the LNT catalyst 200.

이상에서 본 발명의 실시예에 대하여 상세하게 설명하였지만 본 발명의 권리 범위는 이에 한정되는 것이 아니고 다음의 청구범위에서 정의하고 있는 본 발명의 기본 개념을 이용한 당업자의 여러 변형 및 개량 형태 또한 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함된다.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It is included in the scope of right.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 LNT촉매의 열화 감지장치를 개략적으로 도시한 도면이다. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an apparatus for detecting deterioration of an LNT catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 LNT촉매의 열화 감지절차를 개략적으로 도시한 흐름도이다.FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a procedure of detecting deterioration of an LNT catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 3은 디젤엔진의 농후모드 운전에서 LNT촉매에 공급되는 환원제 양과 NOx 재생에 사용된 환원제 양 및 슬립되는 환원제 양을 도시한 도면이다.3 is a view showing the amount of reducing agent supplied to the LNT catalyst in the rich mode operation of the diesel engine, the amount of the reducing agent used for regeneration of NOx, and the amount of the reducing agent to be slipped.

도 4는 정상적인 LNT촉매와 열화된 LNT촉매에서 NOx 재생에 사용되는 환원제 와 슬립되는 환원제의 양을 도시한 도면이다. 4 is a graph showing the amounts of a reducing agent used for regenerating NOx and a reducing agent to be slipped in a normal LNT catalyst and a deteriorated LNT catalyst.

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명>Description of the Related Art

100 : 엔진 110 : 공기량센서100: engine 110: air quantity sensor

200 : LNT촉매 210 : 제1람다센서200: LNT catalyst 210: first lambda sensor

220 : 제2람다센서 300 : 제어부220: second lambda sensor 300:

Claims (8)

희박모드에서 NOx를 흡장하고, NOx를 환원제와 반응시켜 NOx를 재생시키는 LNT촉매;An LNT catalyst that adsorbs NOx in a lean mode and reacts NOx with a reducing agent to regenerate NOx; LNT촉매 전/후단에 각각 장착되어 람다값을 검출하는 제1,2람다센서;A first and second lambda sensors mounted on the front and rear ends of the LNT catalyst to detect lambda values; 상기 제1,2람다센서의 신호를 이용하여 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양과 슬립되는 환원제 양을 검출하여 슬립비를 산출하고, 슬립비에 따라 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 판정하는 제어부;A control unit for calculating a slip ratio by detecting the amount of the reducing agent consumed in the reduction of NOx and the amount of reducing agent slipped by using the signals of the first and second lambda sensors and determining whether the LNT catalyst is deteriorated according to the slip ratio; 를 포함하되,, &Lt; / RTI & 상기 제어부는 람다값(λ=1)에서 제2람다센서의 람다값을 차 연산하여 LNT촉매 후단으로 슬립되는 환원제의 양을 산출하고,The controller calculates the amount of the reducing agent slipping to the downstream of the LNT catalyst by subtracting the lambda value of the second lambda sensor from the lambda value (lambda = 1) 제2람다센서의 람다값에서 제1람다센서의 람다값을 차 연산하여 LNT촉매에서 NOx의 환원에 소모된 환원제의 양을 산출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNT촉매의 열화 감지장치.Wherein the lambda value of the first lambda sensor is subtracted from the lambda value of the second lambda sensor to calculate the amount of the reducing agent consumed in the reduction of NOx in the LNT catalyst. 삭제delete 제1항에 있어서,The method according to claim 1, 상기 제어부는 환원제의 슬립량을 환원제의 공급량으로 나누어 슬립비를 산출하고, 슬립비가 설정된 임계값을 초과하면 LNT촉매를 열화로 판정하며, 슬립비가 설정된 임계값 미만이면 LNT촉매를 정상으로 판정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNT촉매의 열화 감지장치.The control unit calculates the slip ratio by dividing the slip amount of the reducing agent by the supplied amount of the reducing agent and determines that the LNT catalyst is deteriorated when the slip ratio exceeds the set threshold value and determines that the LNT catalyst is normal when the slip ratio is less than the set threshold value Characterized in that the deterioration detection device of the LNT catalyst. LNT촉매에 흡장된 NOx를 환원시키는 운전모드에서 제1,2람다센서의 신호를 검출하는 과정;Detecting a signal of the first and second lambda sensors in an operation mode for reducing NOx occluded in the LNT catalyst; 제1,2람다센서의 신호에서 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양과 반응되지 않고 슬립되는 환원제 양을 검출하는 과정;Detecting the amount of the reducing agent that is consumed in NOx reduction in the signals of the first and second lambda sensors and the amount of the reducing agent that is not reacted with the reducing agent; 상기 소모된 환원제 양과 슬립되는 환원제 양을 이용하여 환원제의 슬립비를 연산하는 과정;Calculating a slip ratio of the reducing agent using the amount of the consumed reducing agent and the amount of the reducing agent slipped; 상기 연산된 환원제의 슬립비와 임계값을 비교하여 LNT촉매의 열화 여부를 진단하는 과정;Diagnosing whether the LNT catalyst is deteriorated by comparing the calculated slip ratio of the reducing agent with a threshold value; 을 포함하며,/ RTI &gt; 상기에서 NOx 환원에 소모된 환원제 양은 제2람다센서의 람다값에서 제1람다센서의 람다값을 차 연산하여 산출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNT촉매의 열화 감지방법.Wherein the amount of the reducing agent consumed in NOx reduction is calculated by subtracting the lambda value of the first lambda sensor from the lambda value of the second lambda sensor. 삭제delete 제4항에 있어서,5. The method of claim 4, 상기에서 NOx 환원에 소모되지 못하고 슬립되는 환원제 양은 람다값(λ=1)에 서 제2람다센서의 람다값을 차 연산하여 산출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNT촉매의 열화 감지방법.Wherein the amount of the reducing agent that is not consumed in the NOx reduction and is slipped is calculated by subtracting the lambda value of the second lambda sensor from the lambda value (? = 1). 제4항에 있어서,5. The method of claim 4, 상기 슬립비는 환원제의 슬립량을 환원제의 공급량(소모량+슬립량)으로 나누어 산출하며, 슬립비가 임계값을 초과하면 LNT촉매를 열화로 판정하고, 슬립비가 임계값 미만이면 LNT촉매를 정상으로 판정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNT촉매의 열화 감지방법. The slip ratio is calculated by dividing the slip amount of the reducing agent by the supply amount (consumption amount + slip amount) of the reducing agent. If the slip ratio exceeds the threshold value, the LNT catalyst is judged as deteriorated. If the slip ratio is less than the threshold value, Wherein the deterioration of the LNT catalyst is detected by the detector. 제4항에 있어서,5. The method of claim 4, 상기 LNT촉매의 열화가 판정되면 고장 코드를 저장함과 동시에 표시수단을 통해 지시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNT촉매의 열화 감지방법.Wherein when the deterioration of the LNT catalyst is judged, the malfunction code is stored and the malfunction indication is indicated through the display means.
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