KR101490913B1 - Power transmission system of hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents
Power transmission system of hybrid electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- KR101490913B1 KR101490913B1 KR20120147816A KR20120147816A KR101490913B1 KR 101490913 B1 KR101490913 B1 KR 101490913B1 KR 20120147816 A KR20120147816 A KR 20120147816A KR 20120147816 A KR20120147816 A KR 20120147816A KR 101490913 B1 KR101490913 B1 KR 101490913B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/22—Dynamic electric resistor braking, combined with dynamic electric regenerative braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치가 개시된다. 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치는 엔진으로부터 입력되는 회전동력을 자동차의 운전조건에 따라 변속하여 출력하는 자동변속기; 필요에 따라 모터 및 제너레이터로 작동하는 모터/제너레이터; 상기 자동변속기의 후측 동일축선상에 배치되어 상기 모터/제너레이터로부터 전달되는 회전동력을 2단으로 변속하여 출력하는 2단 변속기구; 상기 자동 변속기의 출력축과 선택적으로 연결되며, 상기 2단 변속기구의 출력요소와 직접 연결되는 구동축을 포함한다.A power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle is disclosed. The power transmission device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an automatic transmission that shifts rotational power input from an engine according to an operating condition of the vehicle and outputs the rotational power; A motor / generator operating as a motor and generator as needed; A two-stage transmission mechanism disposed on the same axis line on the rear side of the automatic transmission, for shifting the rotational power transmitted from the motor / generator to two stages and outputting the rotational power; And a drive shaft which is connected to the output shaft of the automatic transmission and is directly connected to the output element of the two-stage transmission mechanism.
Description
본 발명은 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 자동변속기로부터 출력되는 회전동력을 1개의 유성기어세트와 모터/제너레이터로 제어하여 전기차 모드, 하이브리드 모드, 엔진 구동모드로 주행이 가능하도록 하여 연비향상과, 회생제동 효율을 증대시킬 수 있는 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치에 관한 것이다.[0001] The present invention relates to a power transmission apparatus for a hybrid vehicle, and more particularly, to a power transmission apparatus for a hybrid vehicle, which is capable of traveling in an electric vehicle mode, a hybrid mode, and an engine drive mode by controlling the rotational power output from the automatic transmission with a single planetary gear set and a motor / The present invention relates to a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle capable of improving fuel economy and increasing regenerative braking efficiency.
자동차의 친환경 기술은 미래 자동차 산업의 생존이 달린 핵심기술로서, 선진 자동차 메이커들은 환경 및 연비 규제를 달성하기 위한 친환경 자동차 개발에 총력을 기울이고 있다.The environmentally friendly technology of automobiles is a core technology with survival of the future automobile industry, and advanced automobile manufacturers are concentrating on development of environmentally friendly vehicles to achieve environmental and fuel efficiency regulations.
상기 친환경 자동차로서는 완전 무공해 자동차(ZEV: Zero Emission Vehicle)인 전기 자동차(EV: Electric Vehicle)와 연료전지 자동차(FCEV: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle)에 대한 연구가 이루어지고 있다.As eco-friendly vehicles, studies have been made on electric vehicles (EV) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), which are zero emission vehicles (ZEVs).
상기 전기 자동차와 연료전지 자동차는 배기가스가 전혀 없다는 장점은 있으나, 배터리 축전용량, 수명 등의 기술적인 문제와 가격, 충전 시설과 같은 사회적인 인프라 구축 등의 문제로 한계를 가지고 있다. Although the electric vehicle and the fuel cell vehicle have an advantage of no exhaust gas, they are limited by technical problems such as battery capacity, life span, and social infrastructures such as price and charging facilities.
이에 따른 대안으로 기존의 내연기관과 전기 모터를 이용하여 동력을 보조하는 하이브리드 자동차가 중·단기적인 대안으로 개발되어 실용화되고 있다. As an alternative to this, a hybrid vehicle that assists the power using the existing internal combustion engine and the electric motor has been developed as a mid and short term alternative and is put into practical use.
상기 하이브리드 자동차는 전기의 동력과 내연기관의 동력원을 조합하여 구동하는 자동차로서 가솔린 엔진과 전기 모터로 시스템의 효율이 높은 지점에서 동작되도록 제어하여 효율이 우수하면서 배기가스를 효과적으로 줄일 수 있다.The hybrid vehicle is an automobile that combines electric power of an electric power and a power source of an internal combustion engine and controls the hybrid vehicle to operate at a high efficiency point by a gasoline engine and an electric motor so that the efficiency is excellent and the exhaust gas can be effectively reduced.
또한, 하이브리드 자동차는 전기 자동차와 같이 별도의 충전 시설 구축이 불필요하며 연비향상과 기존의 가솔린 차량과 동등한 주행거리를 확보할 수 있어 미래형 친환경 자동차의 주류를 이룰 것으로 기대된다.Hybrid vehicles are expected to become the mainstream of future eco-friendly automobiles because it is unnecessary to construct a separate charging facility like an electric car and can secure mileage equivalent to that of existing gasoline vehicles.
상기 하이브리드 자동차의 동력분기방식은 유성기어와 같이 동력 흐름을 분기하는 동력분기장치를 사용하여 엔진의 동력을 직접 출력축으로 전달하는 기계적 흐름과 엔진의 동력을 이용하여 제너레이터를 발전하고, 이 발전된 동력을 이용하여 배터리를 충전하거나 충전된 배터리의 에너지로 모터를 구동하는 전기적 흐름으로 구성된다.The power split method of the hybrid vehicle uses a mechanical flow for directly transmitting the power of the engine to the output shaft by using a power branching device that branches the power flow like a planetary gear and generates power by using the power of the engine, And an electric current which is used to charge the battery or to drive the motor with the energy of the charged battery.
상기와 같은 동력분기방식 하이브리드 시스템은 엔진이 출력축과 독립적으로 작동이 가능하고 주행 중 엔진을 자유롭게 온/오프할 수 있으며 전기차 모드 구현이 가능하다. In the hybrid hybrid power-off system, the engine can operate independently of the output shaft, and the engine can be freely turned on and off while the vehicle is running.
또한, 2개의 모터/제너레이터에 의한 전기적 무단 변속기(Electrically Variable Transmission: EVT) 효과로 엔진을 효율적으로 운전시킬 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다.In addition, it has an advantage that an engine can be efficiently operated by an electrically variable transmission (EVT) effect by two motors / generators.
본 발명의 실시 예는 자동변속기로부터 출력되는 회전동력을 1개의 유성기어세트와 모터/제너레이터로 제어하여 전기차 모드, 하이브리드 모드, 엔진 구동모드로 주행이 가능하도록 하여 연비향상과, 회생제동 효율을 증대시킬 수 있는 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치를 제공하고자 한다.In the embodiment of the present invention, the rotational power output from the automatic transmission is controlled by the single planetary gear set and the motor / generator to enable running in the electric vehicle mode, the hybrid mode, and the engine drive mode to improve the fuel economy and increase the regenerative braking efficiency And a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle.
본 발명의 하나 또는 다수의 실시 예에서는 엔진으로부터 입력되는 회전동력을 자동차의 운전조건에 따라 변속하여 출력하는 자동변속기; 필요에 따라 모터 및 제너레이터로 작동하는 모터/제너레이터; 상기 자동변속기의 후측 동일축선상에 배치되어 상기 모터/제너레이터로부터 전달되는 회전동력을 2단으로 변속하여 출력하는 2단 변속기구; 상기 자동 변속기의 출력축과 선택적으로 연결되며, 상기 2단 변속기구의 출력요소와 직접 연결되는 구동축을 포함하여 이루어지는 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치를 제공할 수 있다.In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an automatic transmission that shifts rotational power input from an engine according to an operating condition of a vehicle and outputs the rotational power; A motor / generator operating as a motor and generator as needed; A two-stage transmission mechanism disposed on the same axis line on the rear side of the automatic transmission, for shifting the rotational power transmitted from the motor / generator to two stages and outputting the rotational power; And a drive shaft which is selectively connected to the output shaft of the automatic transmission and is directly connected to an output element of the two-stage transmission mechanism, can provide a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle.
또한, 상기 2단 변속기구는 싱글 피니언 유성기어세트로서, 상기 모터/제너레이터와 연결되는 선기어와, 상기 구동축과 직접 연결되는 유성 캐리어와, 변속기 하우징과 선택적으로 연결되는 링기어를 포함하는 유성기어세트와; 상기 유성기어세트의 회전요소를 조합하는 3개의 마찰요소로 이루질 수 있다.The two-speed transmission is a single pinion planetary gear set. The planetary gear set includes a sun gear connected to the motor / generator, a planetary carrier connected directly to the drive shaft, and a ring gear selectively connected to the transmission housing. ; And three friction elements that combine the rotational elements of the planetary gear set.
또한, 상기 3개의 마찰요소는 자동 변속기의 출력축과 구동축 사이에 배치되는 제1 클러치와; 상기 구동축과 유성캐리어 사이에 배치되는 제2 클러치와; 상기 링기어와 변속기 하우징 사이에 배치되는 브레이크를 포함하여 이루어질 수 있다.The three friction elements include a first clutch disposed between an output shaft of the automatic transmission and a drive shaft; A second clutch disposed between the drive shaft and the planetary carrier; And a brake disposed between the ring gear and the transmission housing.
또한, 상기 제1 클러치와 제2 클러치 및 브레이크는 전기차 및 회생제동 모드 1에서 브레이크가 작동하고, 전기차 및 회생제동 모드 2에서 제2 클러치가 작동하며, 엔진 구동모드 1에서 제1 클러치와 제2 클러치가 작동하고, 엔진 구동모드 2에서 제1 클러치와 브레이크가 작동할 수 있다.The first clutch, the second clutch and the brake are operated in the electric vehicle and the regenerative braking mode 1, the second clutch is operated in the electric vehicle and the regenerative braking mode 2, and the first clutch and the second The clutch is operated, and the first clutch and the brake can be operated in the engine drive mode 2. [
본 발명의 실시 예는 엔진을 동력계에서 완전 분리하는 전기차 모드의 구현이 가능하여 연비를 크게 향상시킬 수 있다.The embodiment of the present invention can realize an electric vehicle mode in which the engine is completely separated from the dynamometer, so that the fuel consumption can be greatly improved.
또한, 엔진의 고효율 영역에서는 엔진 구동모드로의 주행이 가능하며, 회생제동시 엔진을 동력계에서 분리할 수 있으므로 회생제동 효율을 극대화할 수 있다.In addition, since the engine can be driven in the engine driving mode in the high efficiency region of the engine and the engine can be separated from the dynamometer during the regenerative braking, the regenerative braking efficiency can be maximized.
그리고 변속비가 자동변속기에서 결정되므로 변속비 유지를 위하여 모터/제너레이터를 항시 제어할 필요성이 없어진다.Since the transmission ratio is determined by the automatic transmission, there is no need to constantly control the motor / generator to maintain the transmission ratio.
도 1은 본 발명의 제1 실시 예에 따른 동력전달장치의 구성도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 동력전달장치에 적용되는 마찰요소의 각 작동모드별 작동표이다.1 is a configuration diagram of a power transmitting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an operation table for each operation mode of a friction element applied to the power transmitting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
이하, 본 발명의 실시 예들을 첨부한 도면을 통하여 상세하게 설명한다. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
단, 본 발명의 실시 예를 명확하게 설명하기 위하여 설명과 관계없는 부분은 생략하였으며, 명세서 전체를 통하여 동일 또는 유사한 구성요소에 대해서는 동일한 도면부호를 적용하여 설명한다.In order to clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, parts that are not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the entire specification.
하기의 설명에서 구성의 명칭을 제1, 제2 등으로 구분한 것은 그 구성의 명칭이 동일하여 이를 구분하기 위한 것으로, 반드시 그 순서에 한정되는 것은 아니다.In the following description, the names of the components are denoted by the first, second, etc. in order to distinguish them from each other because the names of the components are the same and are not necessarily limited to the order.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치에 대한 구성도이다.1 is a configuration diagram of a power transmission device of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 1을 참조하면, 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치는 자동변속기(A/T), 1개의 유성기어세트(PG)와 3개의 마찰요소(CL1)(CL2)(BK)로 이루어지는 2단 변속기구(TM)과, 1개의 모터/제너레이터(MG)를 포함하여 이루어진다.Referring to FIG. 1, a power transmission apparatus for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an automatic transmission A / T, a planetary gear set PG, three friction elements CL1, CL2, And a single motor / generator MG, as shown in Fig.
상기에서 자동 변속기(AT)는 공지의 자동 변속기로서, 엔진(ENG)로부터 전달되는 회전 동력을 차량의 주행상태에 따라 자동 변속하여 출력한다.The automatic transmission (AT) is a known automatic transmission, and automatically outputs the rotational power transmitted from the engine (ENG) according to the running state of the vehicle and outputs the rotational power.
상기에서 상기 2단 변속기구(TM)은 상기 모터/제너레이터(MG)로부터 출력되는 회전동력을 2단으로 변속하여 출력할 수 있도록 구성된다.The two-stage transmission mechanism TM is configured to shift the rotational power output from the motor / generator MG to two-stage output.
이를 위하여 유성기어세트(PG)는 싱글 피니언 유성기어세트로서, 선기어(S)와, 링기어(R)와, 상기 선기어(S)와 상기 링기어(R) 사이에 치합되는 피니언(P)을 지지하는 유성캐리어(PC)를 포함하여 이루어진다.The planetary gear set PG is a single pinion planetary gear set and includes a sun gear S, a ring gear R, a pinion P meshed between the sun gear S and the ring gear R And a planetary carrier PC for supporting the planetary carrier PC.
상기에서 선기어(S)는 모터/제너레이터(MG)와 직접 연결되어 모터/제너레이터(MG)의 회전동력에 의하여 구동되는 입력요소로 작동한다.The sun gear S is directly connected to the motor / generator MG and operates as an input element driven by the rotational power of the motor / generator MG.
상기에서 유성 캐리어(PC)는 구동축(PS)와 직접 연결되어 출력요소로 작동한다.In this case, the planetary carrier PC is directly connected to the drive shaft PS and operates as an output element.
상기 링기어(R)는 선택적인 고정요소로 작동한다.The ring gear R operates as an optional stationary element.
그리고 상기 마찰요소 중 제1 클러치(CL1)는 자동변속기(AT)의 출력축(OS)과 상기 유성캐리어(PC)와 사이에 배치된다.The first clutch CL1 of the friction elements is disposed between the output shaft OS of the automatic transmission AT and the planetary carrier PC.
상기 제2 클러치(CL2)는 유성 캐리어(PC)와 링기어(R) 사이에 배치되어 유성기어세트(PG)가 선택적으로 직결의 상태가 되도록 한다.The second clutch CL2 is disposed between the planetary carrier PC and the ring gear R so that the planetary gear set PG is selectively in a directly coupled state.
상기 브레이크(BK)는 링기어(R)와 변속기 하우징(H) 사이에 배치되어 상기 링기어(R)가 선택적인 고정요소로 작동할 수 있도록 한다.The brake BK is disposed between the ring gear R and the transmission housing H so that the ring gear R can operate as an optional fixed element.
상기에서 모터/제너레이터(MG)는 인버터를 통해 고전압 배터리와 연결되어 회생 제동시에는 고전압 배터리를 충전하고, 구동시에는 상기 고전압 배터리로부터 공급되는 전기를 이용하여 상기 선기어(S1)를 구동시킨다.The motor / generator MG is connected to the high voltage battery through an inverter to charge the high voltage battery at the regenerative braking time, and drives the sun gear S1 using electricity supplied from the high voltage battery at the time of driving.
그리고 상기 마찰요소(CL1)(CL2)(BK)는 통상 유압에 의하여 마찰 결합되는 유압식 마찰결합유닛으로 이루어진다.The friction elements CL1, CL2, BK are frictionally coupled to each other by a hydraulic pressure.
또한 상기에서 구동축(PS)은 미도시한 차동장치를 통해 구동륜을 구동시키게 된다.In addition, the drive shaft PS drives the drive wheel through a not shown differential device.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 동력전달장치의 각 작동모드별 마찰요소의 작동표이다.2 is an operation table of friction elements for each operation mode of the power transmitting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
도 2를 참조하여 각 작동모드별 마찰요소의 작동 상태를 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Referring to FIG. 2, the operating states of the friction elements for the respective operation modes are as follows.
전기차/회생제동 모드 1에서는 브레이크(BK)의 작동에 의하여 달성된다.In the electric vehicle / regenerative braking mode 1, this is achieved by the operation of the brake BK.
전기차/회생제동 모드 2에서는 제2 클러치(CL2)의 작동에 의하여 달성된다.And in the electric vehicle / regenerative braking mode 2 by the operation of the second clutch CL2.
엔진 구동모드 1에서는 제1 클러치(CL1)와 제2 클러치(CL2)의 동시 작동에 의하여 달성된다.In the engine drive mode 1, by the simultaneous operation of the first clutch CL1 and the second clutch CL2.
엔진 구동모드 2에서는 제1 클러치(CL1)와 브레이크(BK)의 동시 작동에 의하여 달성된다.In the engine drive mode 2, this is achieved by the simultaneous operation of the first clutch CL1 and the brake BK.
상기에서 엔진 구동모드라고 함은 강제충전모드 및 하이브리드 모드를 포함한다.The engine driving mode includes a forced charging mode and a hybrid mode.
상기와 같은 운행 모드를 보다 구체적으로 살펴보면 다음과 같다.The operation mode will be described in more detail as follows.
[전기차/회생제동 모드 1][Electric Vehicle / Regenerative Braking Mode 1]
전기차/회생제동 모드 1에서는 브레이크(BK)가 작동한다.In electric vehicle / regenerative braking mode 1, the brake (BK) operates.
그러면 모터/ 제너레이터(MG)가 구동되면서 유성기어세트(PG)의 선기어(S1)를 구동시키고, 브레이크(BK)의 작동으로 유성기어세트(PG)의 링기어(R)가 고정요소로 작동한다.Then, the motor / generator MG is driven to drive the sun gear S1 of the planetary gear set PG and the ring gear R of the planetary gear set PG operates as a fixed element by the operation of the brake BK .
이에 따라 유성캐리어(PC)는 상기 모터/제너레이터(MG)의 회전동력에 대하여 감속된 상태로 회전하면서 구동축(PS)을 구동시키게 된다.Thus, the planetary carrier PC rotates in a decelerated state with respect to the rotational power of the motor / generator MG and drives the drive shaft PS.
[전기차/회생제동 모드 2][Electric vehicle / Regenerative braking mode 2]
전기차/회생제동 모드 1에서는 제2 클러치(CL2)가 작동한다.In the electric vehicle / regenerative braking mode 1, the second clutch CL2 is actuated.
그러면 모터/ 제너레이터(MG)가 구동되면서 유성기어세트(PG)의 선기어(S1)를 구동시키고, 제2 클러치(CL2)의 작동으로 유성기어세트(PG)가 직결의 상태가 된다.Then, the motor / generator MG is driven to drive the sun gear S1 of the planetary gear set PG, and the operation of the second clutch CL2 brings the planetary gear set PG into a direct-coupled state.
이에 따라 유성캐리어(PC)는 상기 모터/제너레이터(MG)의 회전동력에 대하여 동속으로 회전하면서 구동축(PS)을 구동시키게 된다.Thus, the planetary carrier PC rotates at the same speed as the rotational power of the motor / generator MG to drive the drive shaft PS.
[엔진 구동모드 1 / 강제충전모드 / 하이브리드 모드][Engine drive mode 1 / Forced charge mode / Hybrid mode]
엔진 구동모드 1과 강제충전모드 및 하이브리드 모드에서는 제1 클러치(CL1)와 제2 클러치(CL2)가 동시 작동한다.In the engine drive mode 1, the forced charge mode and the hybrid mode, the first clutch CL1 and the second clutch CL2 operate simultaneously.
그러면 상기 제1 클러치(CL1)의 작동에 의하여 엔진(ENG)의 회전동력이 자동 변속기(AT)를 통해 변속되어 구동축(PS)으로 전달됨과 동시에 제2 클러치(CL2)의 작동으로 유성기어세트(PG)가 직결의 상태가 된다.The rotational power of the engine ENG is transmitted through the automatic transmission AT to the drive shaft PS by the operation of the first clutch CL1 and simultaneously transmitted to the drive shaft PS by the operation of the second clutch CL2, PG) are directly connected.
이에 따라 엔진(ENG)의 출력이 그대로 구동축(PS)으로 전달되면서 엔진 구동모드가 된다.Thus, the output of the engine ENG is transferred to the drive shaft PS as it is and the engine drive mode is established.
그리고 엔진(ENG)의 출력이 유성기어세트(PG)를 통해 모터/제너레이터(MG)로 전달되므로 강제충전모드가 된다.Then, the output of the engine ENG is transmitted to the motor / generator MG via the planetary gear set PG, thereby becoming the forced charge mode.
만일, 상기와 같은 상태에서 모터/제너레이터(MG)로 전원을 공급하여 구동시키면 하이브리드 모드가 된다.If the power is supplied to the motor / generator MG and driven in the above state, the hybrid mode is established.
[엔진 구동모드 2 / 강제충전모드 / 하이브리드 모드][Engine drive mode 2 / Forced charge mode / Hybrid mode]
엔진 구동모드 2와 강제충전모드 및 하이브리드 모드에서는 제1 클러치(CL1)와 브레이크(BK)가 동시 작동한다.In the engine drive mode 2, the forced charge mode and the hybrid mode, the first clutch CL1 and the brake BK operate simultaneously.
그러면 상기 제1 클러치(CL1)의 작동에 의하여 엔진(ENG)의 회전동력이 자동 변속기(AT)를 통해 변속되어 구동축(PS)으로 전달되는 상태에서 브레이크(BK)의 작동으로 링기어(R)가 고정요소로 작동한다.When the rotational force of the engine ENG is transmitted through the automatic transmission AT to the drive shaft PS by the operation of the first clutch CL1 and the brake BK is operated, As a fixed element.
이에 따라 엔진(ENG)의 출력이 그대로 구동축(PS)으로 전달되면서 엔진 구동모드가 된다.Thus, the output of the engine ENG is transferred to the drive shaft PS as it is and the engine drive mode is established.
그리고 엔진(ENG)의 출력이 유성기어세트(PG)를 통해 모터/제너레이터(MG)로 전달되므로 강제충전모드가 된다.Then, the output of the engine ENG is transmitted to the motor / generator MG via the planetary gear set PG, thereby becoming the forced charge mode.
만일, 상기와 같은 상태에서 모터/제너레이터(MG)로 전원을 공급하여 구동시키면 하이브리드 모드가 된다.If the power is supplied to the motor / generator MG and driven in the above state, the hybrid mode is established.
상기 엔진 구동모드 1과 엔진 구동모드 2의 차이는 유성기어세트(PG)가 직결의 상태인지 아니면 링기어(R)가 고정요소로 작동하는지의 차이이다.The difference between the engine drive mode 1 and the engine drive mode 2 is a difference between whether the planetary gear set PG is in a direct connection state or the ring gear R operates as a fixed element.
이는 결국 구동축(PS)이 동일 속도로 회전하고 있다는 조건에서 유성기어세트(PG)가 직결의 상태이면 모터 제너레이터(MG)의 회전자가 구동축(PS)과 동일속도로 회전하면서 제너레이터 작동이 이루어진다.This means that if the planetary gear set PG is in the direct coupling state, the generator operation is performed while the rotor of the motor generator MG rotates at the same speed as the drive shaft PS under the condition that the drive shaft PS rotates at the same speed.
그리고 브레이크(BK)의 작동으로 링기어(R)가 고정요소로 작동하면, 모터 제너레이터(MG)의 회전자가 구동축(PS)의 회전속도 보다 크게 증속된 회전속도로 회전하면서 제너레이터 작동이 이루어진다. When the ring gear R operates as a fixed element by the operation of the brake BK, the generator operation is performed while the rotor of the motor generator MG rotates at a rotational speed increased to be larger than the rotational speed of the drive shaft PS.
상기와 같이 구성 작동되는 본 발명의 실시예에 의한 동력장치는 엔진을 동력계에서 완전 분리하는 전기차 모드의 구현이 가능하여 연비를 크게 향상시킬 수 있다.The power unit according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above can realize an electric vehicle mode in which the engine is completely separated from the dynamometer, thereby greatly improving the fuel efficiency.
또한, 엔진의 고효율 영역에서는 엔진 구동모드로의 주행이 가능하며, 회생제동시 엔진을 동력계에서 분리할 수 있으므로 회생제동 효율을 극대화할 수 있다.In addition, since the engine can be driven in the engine driving mode in the high efficiency region of the engine and the engine can be separated from the dynamometer during the regenerative braking, the regenerative braking efficiency can be maximized.
그리고 변속비가 자동변속기에서 결정되므로 변속비 유지를 위하여 모터/제너레이터를 항시 제어할 필요성이 없어진다.Since the transmission ratio is determined by the automatic transmission, there is no need to constantly control the motor / generator to maintain the transmission ratio.
이상으로 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예들을 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 상기 실시 예에 한정되지 아니하며, 본 발명의 실시 예로부터 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 의해 용이하게 변경되어 균등하다고 인정되는 범위의 모든 변경을 포함한다.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, Includes all changes to the scope permitted.
AT ... 자동변속기
BK ... 브레이크
CL1, CL2 ... 제1, 제2 클러치
ENG ... 엔진
MG ... 모터/제너레이터
OS... 출력축
PS ... 구동축
PG ... 유성기어세트
S ... 선기어
PC ... 유성캐리어
R ... 링기어AT ... automatic transmission
BK ... Brake
CL1, CL2 ... First and second clutches
ENG ... engine
MG ... Motor / generator
OS ... Output shaft
PS ... drive shaft
PG ... planetary gear set
S ... Sunfish
PC ... Planetary carrier
R ... ring gear
Claims (4)
모터 또는 제너레이터로 작동하는 모터/제너레이터;
상기 자동변속기의 후측 동일축선상에 배치되어 상기 모터/제너레이터로부터 전달되는 회전동력을 2단으로 변속하여 출력하는 2단 변속기구;
상기 자동 변속기의 출력축과 선택적으로 연결되며, 상기 2단 변속기구의 출력요소와 직접 연결되는 구동축;
을 포함하여 이루어지는 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치.An automatic transmission that shifts rotational power input from an engine according to an operating condition of the vehicle and outputs the rotational power;
A motor / generator operating as a motor or a generator;
A two-stage transmission mechanism disposed on the same axis line on the rear side of the automatic transmission, for shifting the rotational power transmitted from the motor / generator to two stages and outputting the rotational power;
A drive shaft which is connected to the output shaft of the automatic transmission and is directly connected to an output element of the two-stage transmission mechanism;
And a power transmission mechanism for the hybrid vehicle.
상기 2단 변속기구는
싱글 피니언 유성기어세트로서, 상기 모터/제너레이터와 연결되는 선기어와, 상기 구동축과 직접 연결되는 유성 캐리어와, 변속기 하우징과 선택적으로 연결되는 링기어를 포함하는 유성기어세트와;
상기 유성기어세트의 회전요소를 조합하는 3개의 마찰요소로 이루어지는 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치.The method according to claim 1,
The two-
A single pinion planetary gear set comprising: a planetary gear set including a sun gear connected to the motor / generator, a planetary carrier connected directly to the drive shaft, and a ring gear selectively connected to the transmission housing;
And three friction elements for combining the rotational elements of the planetary gear set.
상기 3개의 마찰요소는
자동 변속기의 출력축과 구동축 사이에 배치되는 제1 클러치와;
상기 구동축과 유성캐리어 사이에 배치되는 제2 클러치와;
상기 링기어와 변속기 하우징 사이에 배치되는 브레이크를 포함하여 이루어지는 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치.3. The method of claim 2,
The three friction elements
A first clutch disposed between an output shaft of the automatic transmission and a drive shaft;
A second clutch disposed between the drive shaft and the planetary carrier;
And a brake disposed between the ring gear and the transmission housing.
상기 제1 클러치와 제2 클러치 및 브레이크는
전기차 및 회생제동 모드 1에서 브레이크가 작동하고,
전기차 및 회생제동 모드 2에서 제2 클러치가 작동하며,
엔진 구동모드 1에서 제1 클러치와 제2 클러치가 작동하고,
엔진 구동모드 2에서 제1 클러치와 브레이크가 작동하는 하이브리드 자동차의 동력전달장치.The method of claim 3,
The first and second clutches and brakes
Brake is activated in electric car and regenerative braking mode 1,
The second clutch operates in the electric vehicle and regenerative braking mode 2,
The first clutch and the second clutch operate in the engine drive mode 1,
And the first clutch and the brake are actuated in the engine drive mode 2.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101724934B1 (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2017-04-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Transmission for vehicle |
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| WO2005073005A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 | 2005-08-11 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Hybrid engine |
| JP2012046162A (en) | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-08 | Hyundai Motor Co Ltd | Power train of hybrid vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5433282A (en) | 1992-05-19 | 1995-07-18 | Kabushikikaisha Equos Research | Hybrid vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine and an electric motor |
| KR20030017814A (en) * | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Power transmission device for hybrid electric vehicles |
| WO2005073005A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 | 2005-08-11 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Hybrid engine |
| JP2012046162A (en) | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-08 | Hyundai Motor Co Ltd | Power train of hybrid vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101724934B1 (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2017-04-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Transmission for vehicle |
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