KR101436560B1 - Heat exchanger of incinerator reducing CO in exhaust gas and method heat exchanger thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger integrated with a carbon monoxide discharge reducing incinerator and heat exchanging method using the same. In the incinerator integrated type heat exchanger, combustion gas generated by burning in the incinerator goes through a combustion room and exchanges heat with a heat medium in a heat exchange unit. The heat exchanger integrated with a carbon monoxide discharge reducing incinerator comprises a reaction unit equipped with a reaction unit provided by connecting the combustion room and the heat exchange room to additionally burn the combustion gas discharged from the combustion room and introduce the gas into the heat exchange unit so that a combustion space and time for the combustion gas discharged from the combustion room to be burnt enough when passing through the reaction room are secured, and carbon dioxide is rapidly reduced by maximizing combustion efficiency and pursuing complete combustion.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator-combined heat exchanger having reduced carbon monoxide emission and a heat exchange method using the incinerator.

The present invention relates to a boiler for an incinerator, and more particularly, to an incinerator-type heat exchanger in which carbon monoxide discharge, in which combustion gas generated by incineration in an incinerator is burned, is heat-exchanged with a heating medium in a heat exchange unit through a combustion chamber, and a heat exchange method using the same will be.

Recently, contemporary society has faced serious environmental pollution problem due to rapid increase of household waste and various industrial wastes, and various methods for solving such environmental pollution problems have been studied in various fields. As a method for solving such an environmental pollution problem, there are a method of separating various kinds of wastes that can be recycled and reusing them so that they can be used again, a method of burning waste that can not be recycled to reduce the volume thereof, And incineration treatment methods are typical.

The incinerator for performing the incineration method is a device for incinerating various incinerators by incinerating incinerators. In recent years, when incineration of waste incineries, heat is recovered from a high temperature combustion gas containing various harmful substances and dust.

On the other hand, Korean Patent Registration No. 1224267 (a description of the invention: incineration furnace vertical merging type waste heat boiler apparatus) is disclosed as an example of a conventional incineration apparatus. Briefly, the combustion gas generated as the waste is incinerated in the incinerator is combusted in the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber to flow into the heat exchanger, and flows in contact with the plurality of water pipes in the heat exchanger. Heat of high temperature was recovered by the heat medium flowing in the water tube.

However, since the combustion space of the second combustion chamber is small and the combustion gas is introduced into the heat exchanger in a state that the combustion gas is not sufficiently combusted, the heat exchange efficiency is low and the combustion gas contains a large amount of harmful substances and noxious gas .

Patent Document 1 KR10-1224267

It is an object of the present invention, which is devised to overcome the above-described problems, to provide an incinerator-type heat exchanger in which carbon monoxide emission can be reduced so as to secure a necessary path and / or time for a sufficient combustion reaction, And a heat exchange method using the same.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an incinerator-type heat exchanger in which a carbon monoxide discharge is reduced, a combustion gas generated by incineration in an incinerator is heat-exchanged with a heat medium in a heat exchange unit through a combustion chamber, And a reaction part having a reaction chamber connected to the heat exchange part and connected to the combustion chamber and the heat exchange part so that the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber is further burned and introduced into the heat exchange part.

Here, the reaction chamber includes a first reaction chamber connected to the combustion chamber, a second reaction chamber connected to the heat exchange unit, and a connection path connecting the first reaction chamber and the upper portion of the second reaction chamber, And the width W2 of the second reaction chamber is narrower than the width W2 of the second reaction chamber.

The incinerator includes an air preheater in which an air flow pipe for introducing outside air is introduced by an air pump and an air guide pipe installed in the incinerator for supplying air discharged from the air flow pipe to the burner in the incinerator Wherein the air flow pipe is installed so as to perform heat exchange between the air inside and the combustion gas of the heat exchange unit.

Further, in the incinerator, the combustion chamber is characterized in that the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are formed sequentially in the direction in which the combustion gas flows, and the second combustion chamber is connected to the reaction chamber.

The heat exchanging method using the heat exchanger of the present invention is a heat exchanging method using an incinerator-type heat exchanger in which a combustion gas generated by incineration in an incinerator is heat-exchanged with a heat medium in a heat exchanger through a combustion chamber, Exchanging heat between the heat generated by the incineration and the heat medium in the first water pipe installed in the combustion chamber wall of the incinerator; An eleventh step in which the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber flows into the reaction chamber and is further combusted; And a twelfth step in which the combustion gas discharged from the reaction chamber flows into the waste heat recoverer and heat exchange is performed with the heat medium of the second water pipe.

In addition, the method may further include a thirteenth step in which the combustion gas is introduced into the air preheater and heat exchange is performed with the outside air; And a fourth step in which the combustion gas is introduced into the combustion gas processor and heat exchange with the heating medium of the third water pipe is performed.

Meanwhile, in the eleventh step, the combustion gas introduced into the reaction chamber from the combustion chamber sequentially passes through the first reaction chamber, the connection passage and the second reaction chamber, and the combustion gas is supplied to the first and second reaction chambers 211 and 212 And passes through the connection path 213 at a high speed.

As described above, according to the present invention, by adding the reaction chamber extending from the combustion chamber, it is possible to secure a combustion space and / or time in which the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber can be sufficiently combusted while passing through the reaction chamber, It is possible to reduce the carbon monoxide as well as the combustion efficiency. In addition, since the exhaust gas discharged to the outside contains little carbon monoxide, it is very friendly to the natural environment.

In addition, by supplying the high temperature air obtained through the mutual heat exchange between the combustion gas and the outside air to the incinerator, the incineration efficiency in the incinerator is increased and the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber is increased as compared with the case where the cold air is introduced .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to further the understanding of the technical idea of the invention, It should not be interpreted.
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing the inside of an incinerator-combined heat exchanger in which carbon monoxide emission is reduced according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a plan view schematically showing the heat exchanger shown in Fig.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an upper part of the reaction chamber shown in Fig. 2. Fig.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a heat exchange method using the incinerator-combined heat exchanger of FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

<Configuration>

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view schematically showing the inside of an incinerator combined heat exchanger in which carbon monoxide emission is reduced according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1, 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an upper part of the reaction chamber shown in Fig.

As shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator-combined heat exchanger according to the present invention includes an incinerator 100, a reaction unit 200, and a heat exchange unit 300.

1, the incinerator 100 includes an air supply unit 110, a burner 120, a conveyor 130, a combustion chamber, a fuel input unit 140, and a first water pipe 150.

The air supply unit 110 includes an air preheater 112 that is configured to allow external air to flow into the burner 120 by heat exchange with the combustion gas by the air pump 111, And an air guide pipe 114 connected to the supply fan 113.

Here, the air preheater 112 is located at the rear of the waste heat recoverer 310 on the flow path of the combustion gas so that the heat exchange between the combustion gas exchanged in the waste heat recoverer 310 and the outside air is performed.

The air preheater 112 has an air flow pipe 112a for guiding the flow of the outside air so that the outside air flows into the air guide pipe 114. The air flow pipe 112a has at least one zigzag . Thus, heat exchange occurs between the air flowing along the air flow tube 112a and the combustion gas contacting the surface of the air flow tube 112a.

The air guide pipe 114 is connected to the air flow pipe 112a and is installed to guide the heated air discharged from the air flow pipe 112a to the burner 120. [ The air guide pipe 114 is connected to an air supply fan 113 for guiding air flow from the air flow pipe 112a to the burner 120. [

The burner 120 is installed in the form of a fire grate at the lower part of the incinerator 100. In this grate form, a cast iron or a grate bar or a grate bar is arranged at regular intervals on a bracket in order to burn a solid fuel such as coal, a fuel is placed thereon, and air is introduced from the air guide pipe 114 through a gap between the rod and the rod So that the heated air can flow in the upward direction to sufficiently supply the air required for the incineration. Also, due to the grate form, the burned and burnt cinder also falls down through the crevice.

The conveyor 130 is installed on the lower side of the burner 120 and is installed to move the separated material to a predetermined collection place.

The combustion chamber is located above the burner 120 and is typically divided into a first combustion chamber 101 and a second combustion chamber 102 extending from the first combustion chamber 101. In the first combustion chamber 101, The combustion gas generated by the incineration flows into the second combustion chamber 102 and is subjected to the secondary combustion process. This is to ensure combustion time and space so that the combustion gas can be sufficiently combusted. In addition, the second combustion chamber 102 may be provided with an air injection unit (not shown) capable of further injecting outside air to sufficiently burn the incomplete combustion material in the combustion gas.

The fuel injecting section 140 is installed to inject waste to be incinerated into the first combustion chamber 101.

The first water pipe 150 is installed on the wall of the combustion chamber in the flow direction of the combustion gas, and is hollow so that the heating medium for heat exchange with the combustion gas flows. A protective member (not shown) is provided on the surface of the first water pipe 150 to protect the first water pipe 150 from damage and deformation, which may be caused by direct contact of the flame of the burner 120 or the combustion gas of ultra- 1 water pipe 150 in the longitudinal direction. The protecting member may be a solid round bar or a round bar made of a hollow body in which a heating medium for heat exchange flows. These protective members may be fixed by welding directly to the outer surface of the first water pipe 150 and the fixing member sandwiching the protective member may be welded to the outer surface of the first water pipe 150. Of course, the protective member is brought into contact with the surface of the first water pipe 150 as much as possible to induce the heat exchange between the protection member and the first water pipe 150.

1 to 3, the reaction unit 200 includes a reaction chamber 210 and a nitrogen oxide processor 220. Here, FIG. 3 schematically shows a part of the upper part of the reaction chamber 210 to show the connection path 213 on the upper part of the reaction chamber 210. The lower parts of the first and second reaction chambers 1211 and 212 are connected to the second combustion chamber 102 And a waste heat recoverer 310, as shown in FIG.

The reaction chamber 210 includes a first reaction chamber 211 connected to the second combustion chamber 102, a second reaction chamber 212 connected to the waste heat recovery device 310 of the heat exchange unit 300, 211) and the second reaction chamber (212). 2, the width W1 of the connection path 213 is smaller than the width W2 of the first and second reaction chambers 211 and 212 .

The first reaction chamber 211 is connected to the second combustion chamber 102 to extend the combustion time and space of the combustion gas introduced from the second combustion chamber 102 so that the combustion reaction of the combustion gas proceeds sufficiently do. By this combustion time and / or space extension, combustion as close as possible to full combustion can be achieved, and the amount of carbon monoxide generated by unburned combustion can be reduced rapidly.

The second reaction chamber 212 is connected to the waste heat recoverer 310 so that the combustion gas burned as close to the complete combustion as possible in the first reaction chamber 211 flows into the waste heat recoverer 310 As shown in Fig. The second reaction chamber 212 extends the combustion time and space of the combustion gas introduced from the first reaction chamber 211, thereby sufficiently accelerating the combustion reaction of the combustion gas. Therefore, it is possible to make the combustion close to the complete combustion as much as possible by extending the combustion time and / or the space, and the amount of carbon monoxide generated by the unburned combustion can be reduced rapidly.

On the other hand, the connection passage 213 connects the first reaction chamber 211 and the upper portion of the second reaction chamber 212 to extend the combustion time and space of the introduced combustion gas, thereby causing the combustion reaction of the combustion gas Make sure to proceed well. Therefore, it is possible to make the combustion close to the complete combustion as much as possible by extending the combustion time and / or the space, and the amount of carbon monoxide generated by the unburned combustion can be reduced rapidly.

2 and 3, the connection path 213 connects the upper part of the first reaction chamber 211 and the upper part of the second reaction chamber 212 and the width W1 is connected to the upper end of the first and second reaction chambers 211 and 212 ) To the width (W2) of the substrate (1). This is to increase the flow velocity of the combustion gas flowing from the first reaction chamber 211 to the second reaction chamber 212 and to prevent accumulation of ashes contained in the combustion gas when passing through the connection path 213. More specifically, when the contrast width is less than 1/5, the flow rate of the combustion gas is too high, so that the mixing of the reducing agent with the combustion gas is not properly performed, and when the ratio exceeds 1/3, the ash in the combustion gas may accumulate .

In addition, since the width W1 of the connection path 213 is narrow, the combustion gas temporarily stagnates at the upper part of the first and second reaction chambers 211 and 212 and vortices are generated. At this time, So that the reducing reaction of the reducing agent and the combustion gas is further promoted due to the eddy current in the second reaction chamber 212.

The nitrogen oxide processor 220 includes a gas analyzer (not shown) for measuring the concentration of nitrogen oxide contained in the combustion gas in the first reaction chamber 211, a nozzle 221 for injecting a reducing agent into the combustion gas, A flow control valve (not shown) for regulating the amount of the reducing agent supplied to the nozzle 221 according to the concentration of the measured nitrogen oxide, and a storage tank 222 storing the reducing agent. At this time, the storage tank 222 is installed on the upper part of the reaction chamber 210. Here, the nitrogen oxide processor 220 is preferably an SNCR system because the temperature of the combustion gas in the first reaction chamber 211 is approximately 800 ° C. or higher.

Here, the nozzle 221 may be installed in any one of the first reaction chamber 211, the connection passage 213 and the second reaction chamber 212, and is shown as being installed in the connection passage 213 in FIG. 2 have. This is to promote the reduction reaction together with the vortex in the second reaction chamber 212 after the oxidizing agent is injected into the combustion gas in the connection path 213.

The heat exchange unit 300 includes a waste heat recovery unit 310 that performs heat exchange with the combustion gas introduced from the second reaction chamber 212 and a waste heat recovery unit 310 that discharges heat from the waste heat recovery unit 310 to the combustion gas passing through the air preheater 112 And a combustion gas processor 320 for finally performing heat exchange and releasing the heat.

1 and 2, the waste heat recoverer 310 includes a plurality of second water pipes 313 which are installed to connect the upper and lower drums 311 and 312 to each other to allow the heat medium to flow therein, And a reverse diagonal partition 314. Here, the first and second water pipes 150 and 313 are connected to the upper drum 311.

First, the second water pipe 313 is installed along the flow direction of the combustion gas. Heat exchange is performed between the heat medium flowing inside the second water tube 313 and the combustion gas flowing while contacting the outer surface of the second water tube 313.

The diaphragm 314 is installed to be inclined from the inner surface of the waste heat recoverer 310 to the center thereof in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the combustion gas so as to collect ashes contained in the combustion gas flowing in one direction. Here, the diaphragms 314 are installed alternately, and the adjacent diaphragms 314 are installed so as to overlap each other on a virtual extension line so that the combustion gas has zigzag flow. The ash collected by this diaphragm 314 falls downward and is collected separately and discarded.

The combustion gas processor 320 is discharged after the combustion gas discharged from the air preheater 112 passes through the last heat exchange. For final heat exchange, a plurality of third water pipes (not shown) are installed in the combustion gas processor 320 at a predetermined angle, for example, at a right angle to the flow direction of the combustion gas. The third water pipes are spaced apart from each other at regular intervals, and the third water pipes neighboring to the upper and lower sides are installed in a zigzag shape. This arrangement is to maximize the heat exchange between the combustion gas and the heat medium flowing in the third water tubes, while maximizing the heat exchange between the combustion gas and the third water tubes while flowing in a staggered manner.

<Heat exchange method>

Hereinafter, a heat exchange method in the incinerator-type heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a heat exchange method using the incinerator-combined heat exchanger of FIG.

First, heat is generated between the heat generated by incineration of waste in the incinerator 100 and the heat medium of the first water pipe 150 installed in the combustion chamber wall of the incinerator 100 (S10). More specifically, the waste water flows into the incinerator 100 through the fuel inlet 140, and the air pump 111 and the air supply fan 113 are operated to supply the outside air to the incinerator 100. Thereafter, the waste is burned by the burner 120, and heat exchange occurs between the high temperature heat generated at this time and the heat medium flowing inside the first water pipe 150 fixed to the wall of the incinerator 100. On the other hand, when the high temperature combustion gas generated by the incineration flows to the air preheater 112, heat exchange is performed between the outside air and the combustion gas from this time, and the heated air is passed through the air guide pipe 114 to the incinerator 100 &Lt; / RTI &gt;

Next, the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber flows into the reaction chamber to perform sufficient combustion, and a reducing agent is introduced into the combustion gas (S11). In detail, the combustion gas generated as the waste is incinerated by the burner 120 of the incinerator 100 flows into the first reaction chamber 211 of the reaction part 200 through the combustion chamber and flows into the narrow connection passage 213 And then flows into the second reaction chamber 212. At this time, a vortex is formed in the upper part of the first and second reaction chambers 211 and 212 due to the narrow connection passage 213. Therefore, the combustion gas extending from the combustion chamber to the first reaction chamber 211 and the vortex at the upper portion of the first reaction chamber 211 are sufficiently combusted. Also, the concentration of nitrogen oxide contained in the combustion gas in the first reaction chamber 211 is measured by a gas analyzer, and an appropriate amount of reducing agent is injected through the nozzle 221 according to the measured concentration. Further, the combustion gas and the reducing agent sufficiently react due to the vortex at the upper part of the second reaction chamber 212.

Next, the combustion gas discharged from the second reaction chamber 212 flows into the waste heat recoverer 310 and heat exchange is performed with the heat medium of the second water pipe 313 (S12). That is, heat exchange is performed between the heating medium flowing inside the second water tube 313 built in the waste heat collector 310 and the combustion gas flowing while contacting the second water tube 313. At this time, the combustion gas flows zigzag by the diaphragm 314 protruding toward the center in the waste heat recoverer 310, where the ashes contained in the combustion gas are collected by the diaphragm 314 and then fall down.

Next, the combustion gas discharged from the waste heat recoverer 310 flows into the air preheater 112 to perform heat exchange with the outside air (S13). Here, heat exchange is performed between the external air introduced into the air flow pipe 112a by the air pump 111 and the combustion gas. The heated air is supplied to the incinerator 100 through the air guide pipe 114 by the air supply fan 113.

Finally, the combustion gas discharged from the air preheater 112 flows into the combustion gas processor 320 and is heat-exchanged with the heat medium of the third water pipe, and then discharged to the outside (S14). Here, the combustion gas flows in a zigzag manner between the third water pipes arranged at substantially right angles to the flow direction of the combustion gas to make the maximum contact with the third water pipes, heat exchange between the heating medium flowing in the third water pipes and the combustion gas .

As described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

100: Incinerator
101: first combustion chamber
102: second combustion chamber
110: air supply part
111: air pump
112: air preheater
113: Air supply fan
114: air guide tube
120: Burner
130: Conveyor
140: fuel injection part
150: first water pipe
200: reaction part
210: Reaction chamber
211: first reaction chamber
212: second reaction chamber
213: Connection route
220: Nitrogen oxide processor
221: Nozzle
222: Storage tank
300: heat exchanger
310: waste heat recovery machine
311: upper drum
312: lower drum
313: Second water pipe
314: diaphragm
320: Combustion gas processor.

Claims (7)

The combustion gas generated by incineration in the incinerator 100 is heat-exchanged with the heating medium in the heat exchange unit 300 through the combustion chamber,
The combustion chamber and the heat exchange unit 300 are connected to the combustion chamber and the heat exchange unit 300 so that the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber is further combusted and introduced into the heat exchange unit 300. And a reaction unit 200,
The reaction chamber 210 includes a first reaction chamber 211 connected to the combustion chamber, a second reaction chamber 212 connected to the heat exchange unit 300 and a second reaction chamber 212 connected to the first reaction chamber 211 and the second reaction chamber 212), and the connection path (213)
The width W1 of the connection path 213 is narrower than the width W2 of the first reaction chamber 211 and the second reaction chamber 212 in a planar "H" Combined incinerator heat exchanger.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The incinerator (100)
An air preheater 112 in which an air flow pipe 112a into which external air flows is connected by an air pump 111 and air discharged from the air flow pipe 112a is introduced by an air supply fan 113, Further comprising an air supply unit (110) including an air guide tube (114) installed to be supplied to the burner (120)
Wherein the air flow pipe (112a) is installed to perform heat exchange between the air inside and the combustion gas of the heat exchange unit (300).
The method according to claim 1,
In the incinerator 100,
The first combustion chamber 101 and the second combustion chamber 102 are sequentially formed in the combustion chamber in a direction in which the combustion gas flows and the second combustion chamber 102 is connected to the reaction chamber 210 Combined incinerator heat exchanger with reduced carbon monoxide emissions.
The combustion gas generated by incineration in the incinerator 100 is passed through the combustion chamber and heat exchanged with the heating medium in the heat exchange unit 300. The combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber is further burned by connecting the combustion chamber and the heat exchange unit 300 And a reaction unit 200 including a reaction chamber 210 connected to the combustion chamber and the heat exchange unit 300 so as to be introduced into the heat exchange unit 300. The reaction chamber 210 includes a reaction chamber 210, A second reaction chamber 212 connected to the heat exchange unit 300 and a connection path 220 connecting the first reaction chamber 211 and the upper portion of the second reaction chamber 212. The first reaction chamber 211, And the width W1 of the connection path 213 is narrower than the width W2 of the first reaction chamber 211 and the second reaction chamber 212 in a planar "H & A heat exchange method using an incinerator-combined heat exchanger in which carbon monoxide emission is reduced,
A tenth step S10 in which heat is generated between the heat generated by incineration of the waste by the burner 120 in the incinerator 100 and the heat medium in the first water pipe 150 installed in the combustion chamber wall of the incinerator 100;
An eleventh step (S11) in which the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber flows into the reaction chamber and is further burned; And
And a twelfth step (S12) in which the combustion gas discharged from the reaction chamber flows into the waste heat recoverer (310) and is heat-exchanged with the heat medium of the second water pipe (313). Way.
6. The method of claim 5,
A thirteenth step S13 in which the combustion gas is introduced into the air preheater 112 and heat exchange is performed with the outside air; And
(S14) the combustion gas is introduced into the combustion gas processor 320 and heat exchange is performed with the heating medium of the third water pipe;
Wherein the incinerator heat exchanger further comprises a heat exchanger.
6. The method of claim 5,
The combustion gas flowing into the reaction chamber 210 from the combustion chamber in the eleventh step S11 sequentially passes through the first reaction chamber 211, the connection path 213 and the second reaction chamber 212 ,
Wherein the combustion gas passes through the connection path (213) at a higher rate than in the first and second reaction chambers (211, 212).

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