KR101421044B1 - Permeant block using unsintered inorganic binder - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a permeant block which uses an unfired binder and has the surface processed. The present invention comprises an unfired inorganic binder, an enzyme-treated mineral fiber, a mineral fiber, a pine resin, aggregates, sand, and a petroform extract, to have excellent strength not to be easily broken by a strong impact and have excellent water permeability not to be filled with water like rainwater.

Description

{Permeant block using unsintered inorganic binder}

The present invention relates to a permeable block using a non-sintered binder having a characteristic that it is excellent in strength and does not easily break under a strong impact and does not squeeze water such as rainwater due to excellent water permeability.

The greatest problem with the conventional permeable block is that the permeability can be improved by using a large amount of porous aggregate, but the strength is lowered, and breakage may occur particularly due to the aggregate dropout at the surface layer, There is a problem that durability is lowered.

As a result of using a large amount of aggregate, the use of cement is inevitably lowered and strength of the aggregate in the surface layer is deteriorated and damaged. In order to compensate for this problem, the permeability of the cement is lowered, There is a problem that the function as a block falls.

In the past, various techniques related to such a water-permeable block have been proposed. For example, Korea Patent No. 0689183 (a method of manufacturing a permeable concrete block and a permeable concrete block manufactured thereby) A technique of providing a new design by forming a pattern of embossed portion and an engraved portion by a method of forming a lower layer by mixing and forming a surface layer by mixing 2.5-5 mm of aggregate, cement and water, and polishing a surface layer is proposed.

As another example, Korean Patent Registration No. 0692143 (method for producing a Hwangto permeable block) is a method for producing a white mortar which comprises a lower part composed of 4-5 mm of silica sand, cement, pigment, loess, charcoal, admixture and water, , A porthole water block made of a surface layer composed of a mixture of pigment, yellow soil, charcoal, and water.

As another example, Korean Patent Registration No. 0867403 (Pitcher block and its manufacturing method) is a method for manufacturing a pavement block and a method for manufacturing the same, which comprises a lower layer portion composed of an aggregate of 8-25 mm, blast furnace slag, meta kaolin, cement, nano silica, A permeable block that provides a photocatalytic function and a water purification function by manufacturing a surface layer composed of blast furnace slag, meta kaolin, cement, nano silica, nano titania and water is proposed.

However, the above-mentioned prior arts are excellent in water permeability, but aggregates in the surface layer are easily broken or detached, so that blocks having excellent water permeability while maintaining excellent strength are required.

An object of the present invention is to provide a water permeable block using a non-sintered binder which is excellent in strength and does not easily break under strong impact and does not squeeze water such as rainwater due to excellent water permeability.

In order to accomplish the above object, the water-permeable block using the non-sintered binder of the present invention comprises a non-sintered inorganic binder, an inorganic fiber treated with an enzyme, a mineral fiber, a plow, an aggregate, a sand and a petrofoam extract, Or brushed,

Wherein the non-fired inorganic binder comprises 65 to 90% by weight of blast furnace slag, 5 to 20% by weight of gypsum, 0.5 to 5% by weight of aluminum sulfate, 0.5 to 3% by weight of quicklime or slaked lime, 0.5 to 5% by weight of limestone, % ≪ / RTI > by weight.

Wherein the permeable block comprises 10 to 40 parts by weight of inorganic fibers treated with an enzyme, 5 to 20 parts by weight of mineral fibers, 1 to 5 parts by weight of ground pelts, 30 to 40 parts by weight of aggregate, And 1 to 5 parts by weight of Petrofum extract.

The inorganic fiber is pulverized to 35-80 mesh and may have a moisture content of less than 5%. The inorganic fiber is composed of seaweed, peanut shell, bamboo, straw, corn and palm fruit Lt; / RTI >

The mineral fiber may be a glass fiber or a basalt fiber.

The enzyme may be at least one selected from the group consisting of papain, bromelain, picin, and trypsin.

The paper can be at least one selected from the group consisting of gum roots, wood rosin and tall roots.

The water permeable block using the non-sintered binder of the present invention has excellent water permeability and excellent strength, and can be easily cracked under strong impact due to excellent strength, and can prevent cracks which may occur during heating or cooling. In addition, it can prevent floods because it has superior structure, and it can suppress the temperature rise of the packed road surface, and thus shows an excellent heat island control effect.

In addition, the permeable block using the non-sintered binder of the present invention is eco-friendly because it does not cause hexavalent chromium elution or the like and rainwater passing through the permeable block is not contaminated.

The present invention relates to a permeable block having a surface treated with a non-sintered binder which is excellent in strength and does not easily break under a strong impact and does not squeeze water such as rainwater due to excellent water permeability.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The water-permeable block using the non-sintered binder of the present invention is subjected to a shot or brushing treatment of the surface to improve the soil condition and improve the surface durability. At this time, if the surface is subjected to a shot processing, the sliding resistance may be improved.

The water-permeable block of the present invention is characterized in that the permeable block of the present invention comprises (a) a non-fired inorganic binder, (b) mineral fibers treated with an enzyme, (c) mineral fibers, (d) Extracts. Further, (h) pigment and (i) loess can be further added thereto.

(a) Non-plasticity  weapon Binders

The non-sintered inorganic binder may be selected from the group consisting of (a-1) blast furnace slag, (a-2) gypsum, (a-3) aluminum sulfate, (a-4) quicklime or slaked lime, (a- Including the economy.

In the (a-1) blast furnace slag, about 8.5 million tons of blast furnace slag is produced annually in steel mills and the like. Therefore, it is cheaper than ordinary portland cement and is easy to purchase.

The content of such blast furnace slag is 65 to 90% by weight, preferably 70 to 80% by weight. If the content of the blast furnace slag is out of the above range, the mechanical strength may be lowered.

The (a-2) gypsum may be natural gypsum or desulfurized gypsum, and may be used in any form such as irrigation, half-life, anhydrous form III or anhydrous form II. Furthermore, in the case of pulpite gypsum currently classified as general waste, about 2 million tons of by-products are emitted annually from domestic fertilizer factories, and about 20 million tons of waste scraps are placed in the stockpile. Therefore, the problem of disposal of such waste rocks is becoming a serious problem, and the present invention can be easily used by simple pretreatment such as neutralization or calcination.

In the present invention, the gypsum is mixed with 5 to 20% by weight to dissolve the acidic film of the slag to elute the modified ions. Particularly, when the alumina component in the slag is reacted with ettringite (Calcium Sulfur Aluminate: 3CaO Al ₂ O ₃ .3CaSO ₄ .32H ₂ O) to form a network matrix formed by needle-shaped etrinite, thereby exhibiting strength.

In this case, when the gypsum is mixed at less than 5 wt%, the strength of the non-sintered inorganic binder is not sufficiently developed. This is because the amount of gypsum that can convert the C ₃ A component contained in the blast furnace slag into the total ettringite This is because the excess C ₃ A component reacts with water to produce hydrated calcium aluminate or reacts with the gypsum in the already formed etrinite to produce a monosulfate whose intensity intensity is much smaller than that of etrinite. On the contrary, when the gypsum is overmixed, excess gypsum that does not react with the blast furnace slag is aggregated between the hydration products, and the strength of the gypsum slag is lowered because the strength is lowered.

Aluminum sulfate (a-3) is commercially available as anhydrous aluminum sulfate or aluminum sulfate containing crystal water for industrial use (so-called 17% aluminum sulfate-17% Al ₂ O ₃ or about 57% Al (SO ₄ ) ₂ ) And the impurities contained therein have no effect on the present invention. Aluminum sulfate not only accelerates the reaction of the blast furnace slag due to a slight heat generation in the inorganic binder but also reacts with the gypsum contained in the blast furnace slag to form a hydrate mainly composed of etrinite to form a dense skeleton structure, Can be increased.

The content of aluminum sulfate is 0.5 to 5% by weight, and when the content is more than 5% by weight, the flowability can be rapidly reduced early and the strength can be greatly reduced as the aging progresses.

The above-mentioned (a-4) quicklime or slaked lime is a low-priced industrial product produced in large quantities in Korea, and in the present invention, sufficient strength can be expressed by mixing 0.5 to 3 wt%. This is because the solubility of lime is 1.13 g / l at 25 ° C and 1.25 g / l at 20 ° C, so that it can exhibit strong alkalinity even with only a small amount, so that the impermeable film due to chain- 12.5) to rapidly dissolve the SiO ₄ ^{2 -} or Al ₂ O _{3 contained} within. The eluted SiO ₄ ^{2 -} and Al ₂ O ₃ ions react with the gypsum to form hydrates. This reaction progresses actively at an early stage, but proceeds slowly thereafter. If it is added in an amount of more than 3% by weight, the solubility of the lime is low, so that it is quickly supersaturated and precipitates into crystals. Since the crystals of calcium hydroxide have no strength, the larger the amount of crystal is, the smaller the compressive strength is.

As described above, chrome and strength are improved by adding gypsum, quick lime or slaked lime and aluminum sulfate to the blast furnace slag in the above ratios, adding 0.5 to 5 wt% of limestone and 0.5 to 2 wt% .

First, when the limestone fine powder is mixed with about 0.5 to 5% by weight, the strength is increased by about 5 to 10%. This not only increases the degree of consolidation by filling voids formed in the hydration reaction of blast furnace slag but also some of them form crystals by replacing sulfate in etrinite and the substituted sulfate accelerates the reaction of blast furnace slag to be. However, even if the limestone is added in an amount exceeding 5% by weight, the effect is hardly promoted.

Further, the initial strength is improved by about 5 to 7% by the addition of the crude oil, because the addition of the crude oil accelerates the hydration reaction of the blast furnace slag. As the soil conditioner, calcium chloride, water glass, sodium carbonate and the like can be used in a powder state or dissolved in water. The addition amount of the crude oil is 0.5 to 2% by weight, and even when the amount is exceeded, the effect is hardly promoted.

As described above, the present invention relates to a method for producing a blast furnace slag, a gypsum, a quick lime or a slaked lime, an aluminum sulfate, a limestone and a slurry, mixing the blended mixture after milling the slurry in a ball mill or a tube mill at 4,000-6,000 cm2 / To produce the non-fired inorganic binder.

According to the present invention, a non-sintered inorganic binder containing blast furnace slag as a main material can be produced not only during sintering but also during mixing and grinding, and can exhibit excellent strength in early and long-term ages.

(b) Mineral fiber treated with enzymes

The inorganic fibers treated with the enzymes used in the present invention improve permeability and increase resistance to permanent deformation at low and high temperatures (e.g., summer and winter temperatures). In addition, inorganic fibrous materials treated with enzymes are more resistant to block formation, for example, by reducing viscoelastic behavior and thereby reducing subsequent deformation or increasing block stiffness to reduce permanent deformation . Increasing the stiffness means increasing the dynamic stiffness of the block, increasing the load distribution capacity of the material, increasing the structural strength and life span.

In addition, the inorganic fiber treated with the enzyme is rich in fiber, and when it is combined with the blast furnace slag of the loess and non-fired inorganic binder, it forms a dense skeleton structure, so that the tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength are excellent. You can get a lot of money. The inorganic fibers treated with these enzymes are easily processed into powders and have no fear of environmental pollution.

The inorganic fibers are pulverized to 35 to 80 mesh, preferably 50 to 60 mesh. When the size of the inorganic fibrous powder is less than the lower limit, the binding force with the yellow loam and the blast furnace slag may be lowered. If the inorganic fiber powder is above the upper limit, the water permeability may be lowered.

The inorganic fibers are dried to a moisture content of 5% or less by a dryer having a temperature of 100 ° C or higher. The moisture can be adjusted to improve the strength without adding a strength-enhancing agent or the like. If the moisture content of the inorganic fiber exceeds 5%, it is dangerous because it has explosive property. If the rain water penetrates into the block, the block may be rapidly expanded and crack may occur. Blocks using inorganic fibers having a water content of more than 5% may be degraded by the enzyme as time goes by.

The inorganic fiber is at least one selected from the group consisting of seaweeds such as seaweed, seaweed, and parasites, peanut shells, bamboo, straw, corn and palm fruit.

In addition, the inorganic fiber is treated with an enzyme selected from the group consisting of papain, bromelain, picisin, and trypsin for 1 to 3 hours to produce an inorganic fiber treated with an enzyme.

The content of the inorganic fiber treated with the enzyme is 10 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the non-fired inorganic binder. When the content is less than the lower limit, the inorganic fibrous material treated with the enzyme can not exhibit the characteristics. The physical properties and mechanical strength of the block may be deteriorated.

(c) Mineral fibers

The mineral fiber used in the present invention improves the tensile strength and compressive strength of the block, so that even when a strong impact is applied, the mineral fiber is not broken easily, and cracks that may occur during heating or cooling can be prevented. Particularly, when mineral fibers are combined with inorganic fibers and aggregates treated with enzymes, they form a dense skeleton structure, so that tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength are further improved.

As the mineral fiber, glass fiber or basalt fiber can be mentioned.

The content of the mineral fiber is 5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the non-sintered inorganic binder. If the content is below the lower limit, the strength is not significantly improved. If the content is above the upper limit, the water permeability may be lowered.

(d) Shoji

Since the inorganic fiber treated with the enzyme (b) is not well adhered to sand, gypsum, limestone, quick lime, or lime by enzymes, a small amount of papermaking is added to improve the strength of the block by improving the binding power. If such a paper sheet is used in a large amount, the water permeability is lowered. However, since the paper sheet is used in a small amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the non-fired inorganic binder,

Moreover, since the peculiar fragrance is released, the peculiarity of the peculiar nature of the peculiar block is provided.

The above-mentioned paper feeding pathway may include at least one kind selected from the group consisting of gum roots, wood rosin and tall roots.

(e) aggregate

The aggregate used in the present invention can improve the water permeability by further forming a plurality of voids.

The aggregate is mixed with the crushed aggregate having a size of any one of the average particle size of 25 to 50 mm, 20 to 25 mm, 15 to 20 mm, 8 to 13 mm, or 1 to 3 mm and the recycled aggregate at 5: 5, 7 : 3 or 3: 7, and the unit weight thereof is preferably 1350 to 1450 kg / m ³ .

The recycled aggregate may be one or more selected from the group consisting of waste concrete, waste ceramics, waste tiles, waste boards and waste panels.

The content of such aggregate is 30 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the non-fired inorganic binder. If the content of the aggregate is less than the above lower limit, the drainage area is not wide and the water permeability may be lowered. If the aggregate content exceeds the upper limit value, the mechanical strength may be lowered.

(f) sand, (g) Petrofoam  (H) a pigment, and (i) an ocher

1 to 5 parts by weight, and 1 to 20 parts by weight, respectively, based on 100 parts by weight of the non-fired inorganic binder, (f) the sand, (g) the petroform extract, And 10 to 30 parts by weight.

(f) In combination with the loess, the sand increases the specific gravity and strength, and by reducing the absorption rate of the loess, the rate of change of length is minimized.

(g) The petrofum extract contains naphthalene-extracted sulfuric acid as a main component and contains organic carbon, Fe, Ca, P, Na, K components, an escital surfactant, silicate resin, tripotate resin and some inorganic salts And is used to improve the block strength of the block.

(h) The pigment is used for coloring a white non-fired inorganic binder, and it is preferable to select a color which can be matched to the surrounding landscape.

(i) Loess loess is a major component of the soil, and is used to produce a soil-like form so that the block is as close as possible to the surrounding landscape.

The mixture of the present invention can prevent the watertightness from being maximized and frozen by using (f) sand, (g) petrofoam extract and (i) loess, and also can be manufactured with high rigidity unlike the conventional loess block .

The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a permeable block.

The method for producing a water permeable block of the present invention comprises the steps of: (A) injecting a mixture comprising a non-sintered inorganic binder, an inorganic fiber treated with an enzyme, a mineral fiber, a plow, an aggregate, a sand and a Petrofom extract into a mold; (B) curing and drying the shaped blocky semi-finished product; And (C) shorting or brushing the surface of the cured water permeable block.

First, in step (A), a mixture including non-fired inorganic binder, mineral fiber treated with enzyme, mineral fiber, sand, aggregate, sand and petrofoam extract is injected into a mold and pressed to mold a semi-permeable block .

Next, in the step (B), the formed water permeable block semi-finished product is cured in a curing room at 45 to 50 ° C for 24 hours to complete the water permeable block.

In the present invention, both the steam curing and the dry curing can be applied in the curing drying, but in the case of the steam curing, the color of the front part may be discolored. Therefore, a dry curing method using a hot air fan or a thermal panel is preferable.

Next, in step (C), the surface of the surface layer of the water-permeable block cured may be subjected to shot or brushing to give a feeling of a natural stone matching with the surrounding environment.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Such variations and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Manufacturing example  One. Non-plasticity  Manufacture of inorganic binders

Therefore 15% by weight of anhydrous gypsum slag 79.5% by weight aluminum sulfate 1.5%, calcium oxide 1% by weight, the limestone 2% by weight, crude economic 1% by weight blend (melt-rescue in water), and this 5,000 cm ² / g And pulverized to have a powdery shape to prepare a non-sintered inorganic binder powder.

Example  One.

20 parts by weight of bamboo stem (60 mesh, moisture content 4%) treated with enzyme (papain), 10 parts by weight of glass fiber treated with enzyme (papain), 100 parts by weight of non- 2 parts by weight of sorghum as a raw material, 40 parts by weight of an aggregate, 30 parts by weight of sand and 3 parts by weight of a petrofoam extract, and the mixture was molded into a semi-permeable block. At this time, the aggregate was a mixture of crushed stone aggregate having an average particle diameter of 25 to 50 mm and waste concrete in a weight ratio of 7: 3.

The molded semi-permeable block was cured for 24 hours in a curing chamber at 47 ° C equipped with a thermal panel, and then the surface was subjected to a short treatment to prepare a permeable block.

Comparative Example  One.

A permeable block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that inorganic fibrous material treated with an enzyme was not used.

Comparative Example  2.

The permeable block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that inorganic fibrous material not treated with enzyme was used instead of inorganic fibrous material treated with enzyme.

Comparative Example  3.

The permeability block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the inorganic fibrous material treated with the enzyme had a moisture content of 20%.

Comparative Example  4.

A permeable block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mineral fibers treated with the enzyme were not used.

Comparative Example  5.

A permeable block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mineral fibers not treated with an enzyme were used instead of mineral fibers treated with an enzyme.

Comparative Example  6.

A permeable block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no papermaking was used.

Comparative Example  7.

The permeable block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inorganic fiber treated with the enzyme and the mineral fiber treated with the enzyme were not used at all.

Test Example .

The physical properties of the water permeable block (250 * 250 * 60 mm) prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured and are shown in Table 1 below.

1. Total Porosity: Measure the porosity of porous concrete by the method of porosity test (draft).

- total porosity (%) = [1- (W2-W1) / V1] X 100

(V1: the volume of the specimen, W1: the weight of the specimen in water, and W2: the weight of the weight of the specimen after standing for 24 hours)

2. Permeability coefficient: Measure by KS F 4419 (Test method of permeability coefficient of concrete).

3. Spill factor: Spray 2000 liters of water for 5 minutes and measure the flow rate of the pavement block.

- Runoff coefficient = maximum precipitation runoff / (rainfall intensity X drainage area)

4. Sliding resistance: Measure by KS F 2375 (Sliding resistance test method of concrete).

5. Temperature Reduction: Measure the temperature of the surface of the packing block and the atmospheric temperature 1.2 m from the surface of the packing block.

6. Bending strength: Measure by KS F 2408 (Bending strength test method of concrete).

7. Tensile strength: Measure by KS F 2423 (tensile strength test method of concrete).

8. Compressive strength: The test shall be carried out in accordance with KS L 5201: 2006 (Cementation time test method).

9. Dissolution test of hexavalent chromium: It shall be carried out according to the waste process test method of the Ministry of Environment. 100 g of block (28 days, 20 ° C, air-curing) was placed in a 2000 ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 1000 ml of distilled water (adjusted to pH 5.8-6.3 with 0.1 N HCl solution) / min (amplitude 4-5 cm) for 6 hours continuously. Thereafter, the shaken distilled water is filtered and extracted with a 1.0 μm glass fiber filter paper, and a hexavalent chromium dissolution test is carried out.

division Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Comparative Example 7 Plain asphalt Total porosity (%) 25.1 24.1 24.3 24.0 24.1 24.1 25.8 18.6 10.4 Permeability coefficient (mm / sec) 3.5 3.0 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.8 1.9 0.9 Effluent coefficient 0.49 0.56 0.60 0.59 0.61 0.60 0.45 0.77 0.95 Slip Resistance (BPN) 70 71 70 71 70 69 70 71 58 Temperature reduction
(° C) Surface temperature 31.8 33.4 33.1 34.0 32.8 32.7 33.0 39.4 45.0 Ambient temperature 26.7 28.6 28.4 29.1 27.7 27.5 27.7 31.4 34.2 Bending strength (kgf / ㎠) 152 119 131 121 120 128 112 110 112 Tensile strength (kgf / cm2) 78 46 54 51 48 58 43 40 45 Compressive strength
(N / mm < 2 & 3 days 41.6 30.4 36.7 31.5 31.2 37.8 30.0 25.1 26.9 7 days a year 59.8 42.5 49.1 30.4 42.9 51.2 34.1 31.5 33.9 28 days old 88.7 72.6 79.8 30.5 73.6 81.6 36.2 44.8 59.8 Hexavalent chromium radish radish radish radish radish radish radish radish radish

As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the water permeable block manufactured according to Example 1 of the present invention was superior in quality to those of Comparative Examples 1 to 7 and general asphalt, and in particular, it was excellent in strength and permeability, It was confirmed that the effect was significantly better than that of general asphalt. In particular, it was confirmed that Comparative Example 7, which did not use mineral fibers treated with enzymes and mineral fibers treated with enzymes, was not as strong as general asphalt.

Claims (7)

Wherein the surface is subjected to shot or brushing, including non-sintered inorganic binders, mineral fiber treated with enzymes, mineral fibers, plows, aggregates, sand, petrofoam extract and loess ,
Wherein the non-fired inorganic binder comprises 65 to 90% by weight of blast furnace slag, 5 to 20% by weight of gypsum, 0.5 to 5% by weight of aluminum sulfate, 0.5 to 3% by weight of quicklime or slaked lime, 0.5 to 5% by weight of limestone, % By weight,
Wherein the enzyme is at least one selected from the group consisting of papain, bromelain, polycin, and trypsin. The waterproofing block according to claim 1, wherein the water permeable block comprises 10 to 40 parts by weight of inorganic fibers treated with an enzyme, 5 to 20 parts by weight of mineral fibers, 1 to 5 parts by weight of plowing, 30 to 40 parts by weight of inorganic fibers, 30 to 60 parts by weight of sand, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of petrofoam extract. The waterproofing block according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fibers are pulverized to 35-80 mesh and have a water content of less than 5%. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fiber is selected from the group consisting of seaweed, seaweed or algae; Peanut shell; bamboo; straw; corn; And palm kernel fruit. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 11. < / RTI > The permeable block according to claim 1, wherein the mineral fiber is glass fiber or basalt fiber. delete 3. The permeable block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the papermaking material is at least one selected from the group consisting of gum roots, wood rosin and tall oil rods.