KR101366814B1 - Seawater exchanging caisson - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a caisson used for harbor construction, such as breakwater construction, capable of forming a flow port of water between adjacent caissons without forming a watercourse directly penetrating a caisson main body by forming recesses (20) on both side surfaces of the caisson when a breakwater is constructed by closely placing and installing multiple caissons and also capable of controlling the passage shape of seawater exchanged between the outside and the inside of the breakwater through the recesses (20) by forming, in the recesses (20) of the side walls, multiple barriers (30) or barrier walls (40) having partially cut parts. The present invention can maintain structural stability, conveniences of charging and injecting inner filler, and wave absorbing or wave breaking performances of the caisson forming the breakwater, and can make seawater to smoothly flow between the outside and the inside of the harbor, thereby obtaining an effect of improving the water quality and the ecological environment in the harbor without causing the deterioration of calmness in the harbor.

Description

Seawater exchange caisson {SEAWATER EXCHANGING CAISSON}

The present invention relates to a caisson (caisson) used for port construction, such as a breakwater, in constructing a breakwater by close sedimentation of a large number of caissons, by forming the concave inlet portion 20 on both sides of the caisson body The outlet of the seawater can be formed between adjacent caissons without forming a direct passage through the caisson, and the inlet 20 on the caisson side has a plurality of blocking walls 30 or blocking plates 40 partially cut inside. By configuring the, it is to be able to adjust the shape of the flow path of the sea water exchanged between the inside and outside the port through the concave portion (20).

A caisson used for port construction such as a breakwater is a large enclosure with an open top and a closed bottom. A caisson is usually made of precast concrete and then launched and towed. It is installed in such a way that it is charged and settled.

The breakwater constructed by caissons is a structure in which a plurality of caissons are arranged in close contact with each other, and the seawater flow through the breakwaters is completely blocked.

Accordingly, a caisson for constructing a breakwater was formed to form a water passage through the caisson so that seawater can be exchanged between the inside and the outside of the port.

Conventional seawater exchange type caisson, including the Patent Publication No. 2004-21001 has a problem that the passage through the caisson body is formed as follows.

First of all, as the channel passes through the center of the caisson, not only the structural stability of the caisson itself is seriously impaired, but also due to the nature of the caisson, which is formed through a slip form, which is a mobile formwork, it causes serious difficulties in the manufacture of the caisson. Done.

That is, the caisson is a relatively simple reinforced concrete structure composed of a plurality of walls forming a closed polygon in plan, and there is no characteristic of any horizontal member except the bottom plate. By filling the, it acts as a huge single weight, and in order to form a water passage through the caisson body, the construction of the horizontal member is inevitable, and when the soil is filled, the load is loaded on the horizontal member. In addition to the wall connected to the horizontal member is transmitted through the caisson body is to reduce the structural stability of the caisson.

Thus, a method of increasing the cross-section and rigidity of the horizontal member and the connecting wall can be considered, but this directly leads to an increase in the manufacturing cost of the caisson, which eventually increases the overall construction cost.

In addition, a method of forming a channel through the caisson can be considered in the upper part of the caisson. In this case, the load due to heavy materials such as soil filled in the upper part of the channel can be minimized, but it is extremely difficult to fill the space in the lower part of the channel. In particular, as the channel is formed near the surface of the water, the wave energy concentrated on the surface of the water is forced to propagate directly into the port through the channel, resulting in a decrease in the constant temperature of the port, which causes the breakwater to lose its original function. Serious problems arise.

Accordingly, as also applied to Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-21001, instead of forming a channel through a caisson in a straight line, it is formed stepwise to differentially form the elevation of the inlet and the outlet of the channel, thereby blocking the propagation of blue waves but seawater Although it may be considered to secure a certain level of distribution, the soil filling in the lower space of the upper section of the channel is extremely difficult, and the loading of charged soil is not only applied to the channel of the lower section, but also the manufacturing process of the caisson. There is a serious problem that can not apply the slip foam to maximize the phase efficiency.

In other words, not only complicated formwork is required to form a channel in the caisson, but also the formwork for the internal aisle acts as an obstacle to the movement of the slip foam forming the caisson body while moving upward, and thus slips in the corresponding section. As the formwork formwork, workbench and associated hydraulics for the form lift have to be dismantled and rebuilt, the slip foam is virtually impossible to apply.

The present invention was devised in view of the above-described problems, and the front wall 11 on the outer sea side and the back wall 12 on the quay side and the side walls 13 on both sides connecting the front wall 11 and the back wall 12 are The front wall 11, the back wall 12, and both side walls 13 are formed in a planar closure, and a plurality of vertical partition walls 15 parallel to the rear wall 12 and a plurality of horizontal partition walls parallel to the side walls 13 are provided. (16) intersected in a lattice form to form a plurality of compartments, some of the compartments are filled with earth and immersed in the sea floor, the caisson is a plurality of caisson close contact with each other In the caissons arranged in a circumferential state to constitute a breakwater, recesses in both sidewalls 13 of the caisson are recessed into the caisson to form a water passage between the front wall 11 and the back wall 12 ( 20 is formed, and a plurality of blocking walls 30, which are vertical walls crossing the recesses 20 vertically, are formed, and the planar blocking walls 30 are formed. The side end position coincides with the side wall 13, and each of the blocking walls 30 is formed with an opening 35 having different heights, so that the seawater introduced into the recess 20 is an opening of the blocking wall 30. A seawater exchange caisson characterized by moving through (35).

Moreover, the front wall 11 of the outer sea side, the back wall 12 of the pier side, and the side wall 13 of both sides which connect the front wall 11 and the back wall 12 are comprised by planar closure, and the front wall 11 Inside the back wall 12 and both sidewalls 13, a plurality of vertical partition walls 15 parallel to the back wall 12 and a plurality of horizontal partition walls 16 parallel to the side walls 13 are arranged in a lattice shape. A plurality of compartments are formed to cross each other, and some of the compartments are filled with masonry and settled on the sea floor. A plurality of caissons are arranged in a state where the sidewalls 13 are in close contact with each other to form a breakwater. In this case, both sidewalls 13 of the caisson are provided with a concave inlet 20 which is recessed into the caisson to form a water passage between the front wall 11 and the back wall 12. , A plurality of coupling grooves 25 formed in the concave inlet portion 20 and the lower side wall 13 are formed, but the coupling grooves 25 are formed at the connection of the longitudinal bulkheads 15 of the side walls 13. A blocking plate 40 having a thickness corresponding to the width of the coupling groove 25 is coupled to the coupling groove 25, and each of the blocking plates 40 is formed by cutting openings 45 at different heights to concave portions 20. Seawater flows into the seawater exchange caisson, characterized in that the movement through the opening 45 of the blocking plate (40).

Through the present invention, while maintaining the structural stability of the caisson constituting the breakwater, the convenience of the filling and filling of the internal filling, breakwater and sofa performance, it is possible to smooth seawater distribution between the inside and outside of the harbor, thereby reducing the constant temperature in the harbor It can improve the water quality and ecological environment of the port without causing it.

In addition, since the water passage for seawater exchange does not penetrate the inside of the caisson body, and thus the associated horizontal member is not constituted inside the caisson, in the land fabrication of the caisson, a slip form method for forming a vertical structure of a constant cross section. It is easy to apply, and this takes the same time and cost as the general caisson in seawater exchange type caisson, it is possible to obtain the effect of reducing the overall air and construction costs.

1 is an exemplary view of a breakwater to which the present invention is applied
2 is a perspective view of the present invention
3 is a rear perspective view of the present invention;
4 is a representative cross-sectional view of a construction state of the present invention
Figure 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention the coupling groove and the blocking plate is applied
6 is an explanatory view of the construction method of the embodiment of FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A detailed configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, FIG. 1 illustrates a breakwater constructed with caissons of the present invention. As illustrated, the breakwaters are constructed by arranging a plurality of caissons in close contact with the sidewalls 13. The concave inlet 20 is formed, and the concave inlet 20 of the adjacent caisson is combined to form a water passage through the breakwater.

As shown in FIG. 1, the front wall 11 of the walls constituting the planar slope of the caisson has a curved shape protruding toward the outer sea side, thereby expanding the incident surface of the blue wave, This suppresses the generation of soft waves generated and propagated and amplified in the longitudinal direction of the breakwater.

In addition, a number of slits 19 penetrating the wall are formed in the wall of the caisson including the front wall 11, whereby the compartments behind the slit 19 behave as a drainage chamber. The blue waves that enter through 19) are couched and reduced in the playroom.

That is, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 showing the structure of the caisson of the present invention in detail, in the caisson of the present invention, the front wall 11 of the outer sea side, the back wall 12 and the front wall 11 and the back wall ( The side walls 13 on both sides connecting 12 are configured to be closed in a planar manner, and the front wall 11, the back wall 12, and both side walls 13 have a plurality of vertical partition walls 15 parallel to the back wall 12. And a plurality of transverse bulkheads 16 parallel to the sidewall 13 are formed to cross each other in a lattice shape to form a plurality of compartments, and both sidewalls 13 of the caisson are recessed inwardly into the caisson. The concave inlet portion 20 is formed to form a channel through the front wall 11 and the back wall 12, so as to fill the soil in some of the compartments as shown in Figure 1 to settle the caisson on the sea floor, As the caisson is arranged so that the side walls 13 are in close contact, the concave portions 20 of the adjacent caisson are combined to pass through the breakwater. The water flow to be formed.

Therefore, without forming a passage through the body of the caisson, a passage through the breakwater can be naturally formed in the construction process where a plurality of caissons are in close contact, therefore, due to the passage through the caisson body The above-described problems of the conventional seawater exchange type caisson, such as structural stability deterioration, can be solved at once.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a plurality of blocking walls 30 which are vertical walls crossing the recesses 20 vertically and upwardly are formed, but the outer end positions of the planar blocking walls 30 are the side walls 13 and the side walls 13. The openings 35 having different heights are cut in each of the barrier walls 30 to form a stepped flow path, as shown in FIG. 4, so that the seawater flowing into the recess 20 is formed. In moving through the opening part 35 of the blocking wall 30, free exchange of seawater between the inside and outside of the port was ensured, but the propagation of blue waves was suppressed as much as possible.

2 and 3, the position of the outer end of the planar blocking wall 30 coincides with the side wall 13, so that the outer ends of the blocking wall 30 of the adjacent caissons are in close contact with each other during the immersion of the caisson closely Unnecessary seawater inflow and out through other connection sites except for the opening part 35 in the blocking wall 30 is blocked. As shown in the drawing, the position of the indentation part 20 on the wall surface of the blocking wall 30 is the vertical bulkhead. By setting it as the connection part of (15), excessive bending stress was not produced in the wall of the recessed part 20 in the close contact process between adjacent caissons.

Meanwhile, FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate one embodiment of the present invention to which the coupling groove 25 and the blocking plate 40 are applied. Through the embodiment, the inside of the recess 20 is formed without changing the structure of the caisson. The flow path of the seawater can be freely adjusted.

That is, instead of forming the blocking wall 30 fixed to the recess 20 formed in the caisson side wall 13, the removable blocking plate 40 is provided, as shown in Figure 5, the upper side of the side wall 13 And forming a vertical coupling groove 25 extending below the recess 20 and the side wall 13, and each of the coupling grooves 25 has a thickness of the blocking plate 40 corresponding to the width of the coupling groove 25. By combining the, it is to be able to freely adjust the shape of the seawater exchange passage in the concave inlet (20).

In the embodiment of the coupling groove 25 and the blocking plate 40 of the present invention, the width of the blocking plate 40 is set to be twice the length of the coupling groove 25 in the plane, as shown in FIG. The blocking plate 40 is inserted and installed in such a manner that both side ends of the blocking plate 40 are respectively coupled to the coupling grooves 25 formed in the caissons, and the opening 45 through which seawater is distributed in the blocking plate 40. Is formed in the incision, in coupling the blocking plate 40 to each of the plurality of coupling grooves 25, by setting the height of the opening 45 formed in each of the blocking plate 40 different, the stairs as described above The flow path of the mold is formed.

Further, as in the elliptic enlargement of FIG. 5, the coupling groove 25 is formed at the connection of the longitudinal bulkhead 15 of the side wall 13, thereby forming the coupling groove 25 to a sufficient depth to form the coupling groove. (25) and the blocking plate 40 to enable a strong coupling.

11: front wall
12: wall
13: sidewall
15: vertical bulkhead
16: transverse bulkhead
19: slit
20: recessed part
25: Coupling groove
30: blocking wall
35: opening
40: blocking plate
45: opening

Claims (2)

The front wall 11 on the outer sea side and the back wall 12 on the quay side and the side walls 13 on both sides connecting the front wall 11 and the back wall 12 are closed on a plane, and the front wall 11 and the back wall Inside the 12 and both side walls 13, a plurality of longitudinal bulkheads 15 parallel to the rear wall 12 and a plurality of transverse bulkheads 16 parallel to the side walls 13 cross each other in a lattice shape. In the caisson forming a plurality of compartments, a plurality of caissons are filled with earth and immersed on the sea floor, the plurality of caissons are arranged in close contact with the side wall 13 to form a breakwater,
Both sidewalls 13 of the caisson are provided with recesses 20 which are recessed inwardly of the caisson to form a water passage between the front wall 11 and the back wall 12;
A plurality of blocking walls 30 which are vertical walls crossing the concave indentation 20 up and down are formed, and the outer end positions of the planar blocking walls 30 coincide with the side walls 13;
Openings 35 having different heights are formed on each of the blocking walls 30 so that the seawater flowing into the concave portions 20 moves through the openings 35 of the blocking wall 30. Seawater exchange caisson.
The front wall 11 on the outer sea side and the back wall 12 on the quay side and the side walls 13 on both sides connecting the front wall 11 and the back wall 12 are closed on a plane, and the front wall 11 and the back wall Inside the 12 and both side walls 13, a plurality of longitudinal bulkheads 15 parallel to the rear wall 12 and a plurality of transverse bulkheads 16 parallel to the side walls 13 cross each other in a lattice shape. In the caisson forming a plurality of compartments, a plurality of caissons are filled with earth and immersed on the sea floor, the plurality of caissons are arranged in close contact with the side wall 13 to form a breakwater,
Both sidewalls 13 of the caisson are provided with recesses 20 which are recessed inwardly of the caisson to form a water passage between the front wall 11 and the back wall 12;
A plurality of coupling grooves 25 formed on the top of the side wall 13, the recesses 20, and the lower side of the side wall 13 are formed, and the coupling groove 25 is formed at the connection of the longitudinal bulkhead 15 of the side wall 13;
Each coupling groove 25 is coupled with a blocking plate 40 having a thickness corresponding to the width of the coupling groove 25;
Opening 45 is cut in each of the blocking plate 40 to a different height so that the seawater introduced into the concave portion 20 is moved through the opening 45 of the blocking plate 40 Exchange caisson.

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