KR101338239B1 - stench and heavy metal removal composite and using the compost production method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention solves the severe odor problem that occurs in livestock manure, at the same time as a low cost and treatment method to remove the high concentration of harmful heavy metals contained in the livestock manure to remove the odor and heavy metal composition and the compost manufacturing method using the same to provide.
In the present invention, the pH is 7.5 ~ 9.5, the components are 25% to 45% Fe2O3 (ferric trioxide), 15% to 25% Al2O3 (aluminum oxide), 10% to 20% SiO2 (silicon dioxide), 4-10% of TiO2 (titanium oxide), 60 ~ 80% of red mud of 6 ~ 10㎛ particle size containing small amount of CaO (calcium oxide), Na2O (sodium oxide), 3 ~ 20% weight of MgO (magnesium oxide) with 5㎛ particle size, 0-7% weight of CaO (calcium oxide) with 70 ~ 80㎛ particle size, 0-7% of TiO2 (titanium oxide) with 0.25 ~ 0.35㎛ particle size Odor, characterized in that the powder composition is mixed with the weight, 0 to 3% by weight of zeolite of 250 to 350㎛ particle size, and 0 to 3% by weight of bentonite of 170 to 190㎛ particle size And heavy metal removal compositions.
A first step of adding 10 kg per 1 m 3 of livestock manure to a belt press inlet for solid-liquid separation of livestock manure from the odor and heavy metal removal composition, and then dehydrating by activating the reaction by physical stirring; 70 to 75% by weight of the dehydrated cake that is dehydrated in the first step, and sawdust, chaff, bark, deciduous leaves, rice straw, weeds, or 30 to 25% by weight of a mixture of a group selected from these, and then mixed A second step of doing; A third step of supplying air to the mixture of the second step for 12 hours per day and inverting the mixture twice daily to ferment for 15 days; It proposes a compost manufacturing method using the odor and heavy metal removal composition, characterized in that completed through the fourth step of the first step of blowing the fermented product of the third stage by blowing only air for one week.

Description

Smell and heavy metal removal composite and using the compost production method

The present invention solves the severe odor problem that occurs in livestock manure, at the same time to remove the odor and heavy metal composition to remove the high concentration of harmful heavy metals contained in livestock manure at low cost and treatment method and a compost manufacturing method using the same to provide.

As the livestock industry in Korea is no longer a side job, but a full-time, corporate type, etc., it is becoming larger and more collective. Therefore, the treatment of livestock manure is becoming a social problem, and legal regulations on environmental pollution caused by livestock manure treatment The situation is further strengthening.

First and foremost, in the operation of livestock farms, odor is caused by wastewater treatment, conflicts with neighboring residents, and environmental problems that are the subject of major complaints.

The odor is mainly caused by ammonia and hydrogen sulfide contained in livestock manure. There are various techniques for treating odors by physical, chemical, and biological treatments. The chemical liquid cleaning method, which is highly efficient and economical, is mainly used.

However, the chemical liquid cleaning method is difficult to manage and handle the washing water in order to maintain a stable treatment efficiency, as well as the recent increase in the cost of the drug has a problem of economic burden on livestock farms.

In other words, in the case of chemical liquid washing with an acid or alkaline solution, secondary wastewater treatment is required by absorbing and concentrating malodorous components. Otherwise, the oxidizing agent must be contacted and cleaned. There was a problem that was not adopted much.

Next, the soil contamination due to heavy metals contained in the livestock manure during the production of compost using livestock manure treatment method and livestock manure.

In general, the livestock manure treatment method has a high moisture content of the livestock manure as a moisture control agent, has been proposed a method for producing compost by mixing and fermenting sawdust, etc., in Patent No. There has been disclosed a method of making compost using.

However, this does not change the chemical composition of livestock manure, but merely absorbs moisture with sawdust, rice husk, etc., so that the odor caused by anaerobic products such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the fermentation process of livestock manure is very severe. In addition to being made from compost, livestock manure contains many elements such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and kali, which are necessary for plant growth, while heavy metals such as copper, zinc, etc. supplied through livestock feed far exceed the standard. However, it is contained in the compost as it is, not only polluting the soil, but also causes a qualitative decline of the livestock manure resources as a compost, and these harmful substances have been a major obstacle to the resourceization of livestock manure.

Accordingly, as a method for removing heavy metals, Korean Patent No. 10-0371823 discloses a method and a material for separating heavy metals from substrates such as contaminated soil, sludge, sediments and industrial residues, and also harmful heavy metals of livestock manure. Patent No. 856063 discloses a method for producing a high quality organic raw material through electron beam and gamma irradiation to remove the.

However, such a method has not been an efficient method for removing heavy metals of actual manure and recycling them as resources due to high processing technology and economic burden of treatment facilities, equipment, devices, and the like.

Therefore, although deodorization, heavy metal removal, and compost production for livestock manure are possible in addition to the prior art, it is difficult to realize due to the burden of cost and the difficulty of preparing treatment facilities. Composting was not achievable at the same time.

Accordingly, the present invention can promote the removal of odors and heavy metals of livestock manure without incurring the high-level processing technology and expensive costs as in the prior art, and at the same time, producing high-quality compost without heavy metals that do not smell bad and pollute the soil. The goal is to make it achievable.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, the pH is 7.5 ~ 9.5, the component is 25% to 45% Fe2O3 (ferric trioxide), 15% to 25% Al2O3 (aluminum oxide), SiO2 (silicon dioxide) 10 ~ 20%, TiO2 (titanium oxide) 4 ~ 10%, red mud of 6 ~ 10㎛ particle size containing small amount of CaO (calcium oxide), Na2O (sodium oxide) 60 ~ 80% 20% by weight of MgO (magnesium oxide) with a particle size of 3 to 5 μm, 0 to 7% by weight of CaO (calcium oxide) with a particle size of 70 to 80 μm, and TiO 2 (titanium oxide) of 0.25 to 0.35 μm ) 0 ~ 7% by weight, 0 ~ 3% by weight of zeolite with 250 ~ 350㎛ particle size, and 0 ~ 3% by weight of bentonite with 170 ~ 190㎛ particle size Odor and heavy metal removal composition characterized in that,

A first step of adding 10 kg per 1 m 3 of livestock manure to a belt press inlet for solid-liquid separation of livestock manure from the odor and heavy metal removal composition, and then dehydrating by activating the reaction by physical stirring; 70 to 75% by weight of the dehydrated cake that is dehydrated in the first step, and sawdust, chaff, bark, deciduous leaves, rice straw, weeds, or 30 to 25% by weight of a mixture of a group selected from these, and then mixed A second step of doing; A third step of supplying air to the mixture of the second step for 12 hours per day and inverting the mixture twice daily to ferment for 15 days; It proposes a compost manufacturing method using the odor and heavy metal removal composition, characterized in that completed through the fourth step of the first step of blowing the fermented product of the third stage by blowing only air for one week.

The present invention as described above, the odorous substances and heavy metals contained in the livestock manure by chemical ion exchange reaction between the livestock manure and odor and heavy metal removal composition simply by spraying on the livestock manure by the chemical composition of the odor and heavy metal removal composition Since the odor and the heavy metal removal composition are adsorbed and precipitated, there is an effect that the odor and heavy metals of livestock manure can be removed at the same time without incurring high processing technology and expensive costs as in the prior art.

In addition, the composition of the present invention also has the effect of significantly reducing the amount of sawdust or chaff added during the composting process by sucking the moisture of livestock manure at the same time to remove odors and heavy metals.

Therefore, the present invention has the advantage of being able to resolve the conflicts and complaints with neighboring residents due to the bad smell of the barn, and at the same time to produce a good compost production without heavy metals that do not smell bad and pollute the soil.

1 is a simplified view showing a compost manufacturing method using the odor and heavy metal removal composition of the present invention
Figure 2 is a photograph of the odor and heavy metal removal composition is installed by installing a fixed amount feeder in the coagulation tank of the belt press in the first step of the compost manufacturing method of the present invention
Figure 3 is a photograph showing the state of the dehydration cake before the odor and heavy metal removal composition of the present invention in the flocculation tank of the belt press
Figure 4 is a photograph showing the state of the dehydration cake after the odor and heavy metal removal composition of the present invention is put into the flocculation tank of the belt press.

Hereinafter, a specific example for realizing the present invention will be described. However, prior to describing the present invention, the structure, operation, effects, etc. of the prior art or the conventional art may obscure the gist of the present invention, and thus the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Odor and heavy metal removal composition of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as 'composition'), red mud, MgO (magnesium oxide), CaO (calcium oxide), TiO 2 (titanium oxide), zeolite (zeolite) And bentonite are mixed in powder form.

At this time, the red mud extracts alumina hydroxide from bauxite, and then physically chemically modulates the pegyrulli that reaches pH 13, which is a business waste, to pH 7.5 to 9.5, neutralizing acid. Capability is 4.5 ~ 9.0 moles of acid / kg, metal adsorption capacity is more than 1000 meq / kg, and component is 25 ~ 45% Fe2O3 (ferric trioxide) to 100% total weight, 15 ~ 25% Al2O3 (aluminum oxide), SiO2 (Silicon dioxide) 10 to 20%, TiO 2 (titanium oxide) 4 to 10%, in addition to a small amount of CaO (calcium oxide), Na 2 O (sodium oxide) is preferable,

The MgO (magnesium oxide), the purity is 96%, the specific gravity is 2.5 to 3.5, the pH of the saturated solution is preferably composed of 10.3,

The above-mentioned CaO (calcium oxide) has a purity of 80%, specific gravity of 3.25 to 3.38, and an acid (pH) degree of 12.5, preferably.

Said TiO2 (titanium oxide) is tasteless and odorless white powder, and pH is comprised preferably from 6-8,

Zeolite (zeolite) is a zeolite rich in reserves in Korea, it is preferable that the cation exchange function (CEC) is composed of 90 meq or more / 100g or more due to the development of crystals and pores,

Bentonite is preferably used for agriculture / fertilizer, and the content of montmorilite is 70 meq / 100 g, the particle size is 170-190 μm, and the pH is 8-11.

Preferred mixing of the composition of the present invention, 80% by weight of the red mud and 20% by weight of MgO (magnesium oxide),

60-80% by weight of the red mud, 20% MgO (magnesium oxide), CaO (calcium oxide), TiO 2 (titanium oxide), zeolite (zeolite), bentonite, or a selected one of them Mix 20% by weight of the mixed mixture, or

60 to 80% by weight of the red mud, 20% by weight of MgO (magnesium oxide), 7% by weight of CaO (calcium oxide), 7% by weight of TiO 2 (titanium oxide), 3% of zeolite The weight and bentonite 3% by weight may be mixed in powder form.

In addition, the preferred powder size of the composition of the present invention, red mud 6 ~ 10㎛, MgO (magnesium oxide) 3 ~ 5㎛, CaO (calcium oxide) 70 ~ 80㎛, TiO 2 (titanium oxide) 0.25 ~ 0.35㎛ Zeolite 250 ~ 350㎛, Bentonite 170 ~ 180㎛ is ideal.

Although the mixing ratio and the powder size are values that exhibit the most effective physicochemical performance compared to manufacturing, production, and cost, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the mixing ratio and the powder size may vary depending on the degree or condition of the object to be treated, and thus provide the basic values for the numerical conversion. Can be combined.

Hereinafter, the working principle of the composition of the present invention will be described.

When the composition of the present invention is added to livestock manure, heavy metal ions such as copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) of water contained in the livestock manure react with the hydroxyl group (OH-) to coagulate and collect the aggregated sludge. The composition is coated on the surface (coating), the reaction proceeds in the order of ion exchange reaction, precipitation, and substitution, and bonds more firmly as time passes.

At this time, molecules having a very fine particle size have a high surface area relative to the volume ratio, and most molecules have a high surface charge relative to the mass ratio so that the surface of the composition is extremely active and thus the charged particles Have an excellent ability to attract and retain molecules of polarity or polarity.

In addition, although other fine particle materials are simple in the composition of the present invention, the present invention is composed of about 20 different minerals and is a mixture of highly active minerals.

Thus, mixtures of highly active minerals will be negatively charged in some over a wide range of pH environments (pH 3-10), while others will be positively charged. Charged particles usually last stronger than polar molecules, so larger molecules last stronger than smaller ones. Most of the malodorous ammonia-based and hydrogen sulfide molecules exhibit polarity or form of charged particles in water, so that malodorous molecules are adsorbed onto the solid mineral particles of the composition of the present invention over a wide range of pH environments. This is to remove the odor.

Therefore, not only heavy metals and odors are removed from the livestock manure, but also the biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) of the biological treatment plant where the supernatant is introduced. It also provides the effect of reducing load.

After the composition is added to the livestock manure, the activation of the physical / chemical reaction is achieved more quickly and efficiently.

The activation of the above physical reaction may be stirring, etc. The activation of the chemical reaction may be performed using one of CaO (calcium oxide), TiO 2 (titanium oxide), zeolite, bentonite, or a mixture thereof as described above. Additives can be used to optimize the activity.

Hereinafter, the compost manufacturing method using the composition of the present invention will be described.

A first step of adding 10 kg per 1 m 3 of livestock manure to a belt press inlet for solid-liquid separation of livestock manure, and then dehydrating by activating the reaction by physical stirring;

70 to 75% by weight of the dehydrated cake that is dehydrated in the first step, and sawdust, chaff, bark, deciduous leaves, rice straw, weeds, or 30 to 25% by weight of a mixture of a group selected from these, and then mixed A second step of doing;

A third step of supplying air to the mixture of the second step for 12 hours per day and inverting the mixture twice daily to ferment for 15 days;

The third step of fermenting the fermented product in the air for one week only by blowing air;

This makes it possible to produce high-quality compost that is odor free and free of heavy metals that contaminate the soil.

Hereinafter, the embodiment according to the present invention is as follows.

Table 1 below is a table showing the moisture content of the dehydrated cake that is simply dehydrated by putting 10 kg per 1 ㎥ of livestock manure into the coagulation tank of the belt press inlet at the treatment site operated at ○○ farm in Uiang-myeon, Gongdang-si, Chungcheongnam-do. .

Primary Secondary Third Average Before adding the composition 77.3% 77.1% 77.3% 77.9% After adding the composition 70.9% 70.0% 70.8% 70.6%

As described above, it was confirmed that the water content was reduced by about 6.5% to 7.3% after the addition of the composition of the present invention (see FIG. 3) than before (see FIG. 3).

It is proved that the amount of subsidiary materials such as sawdust used as a moisture control agent can be used less than the conventional compost manufacturing method, so that the economic efficiency and utilization of livestock manure can be improved.

Table 2 below shows the result of applying the following method to the ○○ farm located in Uidang-myeon, Gongju-si, Chungnam.

(1) The base is a simple fermentation and ripening of the dehydrated cake itself dehydrated by belt press without adding the composition of the present invention,

② Before adding the composition, 60% of dehydrated cake and 40% of sawdust dehydrated by belt press were mixed without adding the composition of the present invention, and then the mixture was simply fermented and ripened.

(3) After the composition is added, the composition of the present invention is added, and 70% of dehydrated cake and 30% of sawdust dehydrated by belt press are mixed, and then the mixture is simply fermented and ripened.

This is a table conducted by the fertilizer quality inspection method according to the RDA Notice No. 2011-46.

Copper (mg / kg) Zinc (mg / kg) Cadmium (mg / kg) Remarks (Based on Process Standard) 360 or less 900 or less 5 or less - basic 858.86 3911.34 0.15 Dehydrated cake itself Before adding the composition 589.30 1700.08 0.15 Dehydrated Cake: Sawdust
(6: 4) After adding the composition 294.99 516.47 0.11 Dehydrated Cake: Sawdust
(7: 3)

As shown in the above results, in the case of ①, the dehydration cake itself, in which no moisture control agent such as sawdust is added, has much higher concentration of copper and zinc than the process standard.

This, in turn, causes soil contamination.

In addition, in the case of ②, the addition of only sawdust is lower than that of ①, but exceeds the process standard.

However, in the case of ③, although the amount of addition of a moisture regulator such as sawdust is relatively small, it satisfies the process standard.

Thus, as shown in the above experiments, the compost produced by the present invention has been demonstrated to significantly remove heavy metals.

Table 3 below is the same in order to compare the odor concentration according to the presence or absence of the composition of the present invention in ○ ○ farm located in Gongdang-myeon, Gongju-si, Chungnam, and the odor concentration during the process of composting after adding sawdust as a moisture control agent. This table shows two experiments in the compost.

Ⓐ before adding the composition, the first step of simply dehydrating with a belt press without adding the composition of the present invention, the second step of mixing after the addition of 70% dehydrated cake and 30% sawdust dehydrated in the first step In the third step of feeding the mixture of the second step for 12 hours per day and inverting twice a day for 15 days, the third step of fermenting the fermented product of the third step for 1 week by blowing only air Proceed to the fourth stage.

Ⓑ After the composition is added, the first step of activating the reaction by physical agitation by dehydrating the composition by putting 10 kg per 1 m 3 of livestock manure into the belt press inlet for separating the livestock manure into solid-liquid separation, followed by steps 2 through 4 Proceeded the same as ⓐ.

This was carried out two sets of field experiments in the same compost at the same time, the odor concentration of the dehydrated cake according to the composition of the present invention was measured, after mixing sawdust with a moisture control agent, the same point 1 ~ during fermentation and ripening period Five points were selected and compared by air dilution sensory method according to odor process test method.

Composition
Before input Composition
After input stink
Reduction rate Measuring point 1 point 448 208 53.6% Day 5 compost 1m top 2 points 208 66 68.3% Day 1 compost 1 m top 3 points 448 144 67.9% Day 2 compost middle 2m top 4 points 300 100 66.7% Day 2 compost 1 m top 5 points 300 45 85.0% Dewatering Cake 1m Top

As described above, in case of ⓐ, the odor measured at point 5 was 300 times, but in case of ⓑ, the odor measured at point 5 was 45 times, indicating a removal rate of 85%.

Thus, as shown in the above experiments, the compost produced by the present invention has been proved to significantly remove odors.

Preferred examples and embodiments for realizing the present invention as described above, but those skilled in the art related to the present invention seems to be possible to fully support this, it can be used by various modifications and changes according to convenience will be. However, if the scope of the modifications and changes are the same / similar to the spirit that the present invention seeks to be included in all of the present invention.

Claims (2)

delete pH is 7.5 ~ 9.5 and the red mud 60 ~ 80% weight of 6 ~ 10㎛ particle size, 20% weight of magnesium oxide of 3 ~ 5㎛ particle size, and 0 ~ 7% weight of calcium oxide of 70 ~ 80㎛ particle size , Powder powder of 0.25 ~ 0.35㎛ particle size, titanium oxide 0 ~ 7%, 250 ~ 350㎛ particle size zeolite 0 ~ 3% weight, 170 ~ 190㎛ particle size bentonite 0 ~ 3% weight A first step of adding 10 kg per 1 m 3 of livestock manure to a belt press inlet for solid-liquid separation of livestock manure from the malodorous and heavy metal removal composition of the product;
70 to 75% by weight of the dehydrated cake that is dehydrated in the first step, and sawdust, chaff, bark, deciduous leaves, rice straw, weeds, or 30 to 25% by weight of a mixture of a group selected from these, and then mixed A second step of doing;
A third step of supplying air to the mixture of the second step for 12 hours per day and inverting the mixture twice daily to ferment for 15 days;
Compost production method using the odor and heavy metal removal composition, characterized in that completed through; and the fourth step of ripening by blowing only the air for one week the fermented product of the third step.

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