KR101335257B1 - Rudder for ship and the driving method and ship having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A ship rudder is disclosed. In the ship rudder having a rudder horn fixed to the hull and a rudder blade rotatably installed on the rudder horn according to the present embodiment, the leading edge of the rudder horn is rotatably installed about a rotation axis and flows near the leading edge. It may include a flow control device having a drive member for controlling the acceleration of the flow rate of the fluid flowing along the surface of the rudder horn.

Description

Rudder for ship, its driving method and vessel equipped with the ship {RUDDER FOR SHIP AND THE DRIVING METHOD AND SHIP HAVING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a ship rudder and a ship having the same for the control of the traveling direction of the ship.

The propulsion unit on the ship is a device that generates propulsion force for the operation. The propulsion device includes a propeller installed at the rear of the hull and a rudder provided at the rear of the propeller. The hull is moved by thrust generated by the propeller, and the direction of the hull is controlled by adjusting the rudder.

In other words, ships affected by wind, waves, and currents use the force generated from other ships to maintain a fixed course at sea or to change course in a desired direction. It is important.

The performance of the rudder is determined by its geometry and projection area, such as its section shape, planform, and aspect ratio.

However, the rudder is generally limited to its size since it is located at the rear of the propeller, and it is sometimes harmful to increase the area beyond a certain size.

Therefore, research to develop a rudder capable of improving the adjustment performance, which is excellent in resistance performance and inherent performance, continues.

The present embodiment is to provide a ship rudder and a ship having the same with excellent resistance performance and improved steering performance.

In a marine rudder having a rudder horn fixed to the hull of the ship according to an aspect of the present invention, and a rudder blade rotatably installed on the rudder horn, a leading edge of the rudder horn The leading edge may include a flow control device rotatably installed about a rotation axis and having a driving member for controlling the flow near the leading edge to accelerate the flow rate of the fluid flowing along the surface of the rudder horn.

In addition, the driving member may include at least one of a cylindrical and a spherical rotating body.

In addition, the driving member may be rotated in the same rotational direction as the rotational direction of the rudder blade.

In addition, the flow control device may further include a drive source provided inside the hull to drive the drive member.

In addition, the driving source may include a motor.

In addition, the rotation of the drive member may further include at least one protrusion protruding from the outer surface of the drive member to reduce the flow separation (separation) on the surface of the drive member.

In addition, the driving member may be formed in a cylindrical shape having a length extending in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the leading edge.

In addition, the at least one protrusion may include a plate spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the driving member.

In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the plate may include at least one of a semi-circle and a polygon.

In addition, the leading edge of the rudder horn may be provided with a receiving portion which is open at one side to accommodate the drive member and is cut in the longitudinal direction of the leading edge.

The method of driving a ship rudder of the present embodiment is a method of driving a ship rudder including a rudder horn and a rudder blade rotatably installed on the rudder horn, the center of the rotation shaft to control the flow in the vicinity of the leading edge of the rudder horn Drive member to rotate in the first direction, and when the rudder blade rotates in the first direction, the drive member rotates in the first direction, and the rudder blade rotates in the second direction opposite to the first direction. And rotating the drive member in the second direction.

In addition, the driving member may include an elongated cylindrical shape.

In addition, the drive member may include at least one protrusion protruding from the outer surface to guide the flow flowing along the outer surface.

The ship's rudder according to the present embodiment can reduce the size of the rudder as well as improve the steering performance of the vessel as the lift force is increased as compared with the rudder having the same cross-sectional shape and area.

In addition, the installation of the flow control device for increasing the lifting force of the ship for this embodiment can be simplified.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a stern portion of the ship of the present embodiment.
2 is a perspective view of the coupling of the ship rudder of the present embodiment.
3 is an exploded perspective view of the rudder horn of the present embodiment.
4 is a sectional view of a rudder for ship of the present embodiment.
Figure 5 shows the flow around the drive member of this embodiment.
6 and 7 are other operating state diagrams of the present embodiment.
8 is another embodiment of a drive member of the present embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of Fig. 8. Fig.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2, the rudder 10 of the ship according to the present embodiment may be installed at the rear of the propeller 3 provided at the rear of the hull 1. The rudder 10 may be installed at another position under the hull 1 according to the type or purpose of use of the ship, so the installation position is not limited thereto.

The rudder 10 includes a rudder horn 20 fixed to the rear of the hull 1, a rudder blade 30 rotatably coupled to the rudder horn 20, and a rudder horn 20 of the rudder horn 20. And a flow control device 40 for controlling the flow near the leading edge 26.

The rudder horn 20 is fixed to the hull 1 to support the load applied to the rudder blade 30, and the rudder blade 30 rotates and interacts with the fluid flowing around the rudder blade 30. Force generated in the vertical direction, that is, the inertia of steering the ship.

The rudder blade 30 is formed in a streamline shape in which the cross-sectional shape is symmetrical on both sides with respect to the center line X in the front-rear direction. That is, the width of the cross section gradually increases from the leading edge 30a of the arc shape toward the trailing edge 30c, and then gradually decreases the cross section width again at the maximum width portion 30b. Has

This rudder blade 30 is coupled to the rudder stock (11), which is a vertical axis extending downward from the inside of the hull 1, clockwise (first direction) or counterclockwise ( In the second direction).

One end portion 11a of the rudder stock 11 is rotatably installed in the ship, and the other end portion 11b is coupled to the rudder blade 30 through the rudder horn 20.

One end portion 11a of the rudder stock 11 is connected to a driving device (steering gear, etc.) disposed in the ship, and is rotated by receiving power from the driving device.

In addition, the rudder stock 11 may be disposed in a rudder trunk (not shown) surrounding the outer circumference of the outer circumference, and a bearing (not shown) is installed between the rudder trunk and the rudder stock 11 to install the rudder inside the rudder trunk. The rotation of the stock 11 can be supported.

Through this, the rudder blade 30 is rotated in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction about the rudder stock 11 by the driving device to generate a side force for rotating the hull 1 to the port or starboard side.

The rudder horn 20 has a body portion 21 fixed to the hull 1 and flanges 22 and 23 extending from the top and the bottom of the body portion 21 to the rear, respectively. A through hole 25 through which the rudder stock 11 may pass may be provided.

The rudder blade 30 is partly sandwiched between the flanges 22 and 23 and connected to the rudder horn 20 by a rudder stock 11 penetrating through the flanges 22 and 23 to center the rudder stock 11. Rotate

On the other hand, the leading edge (26) of the rudder horn 20 may be provided with a flow control device 40 having a drive member 41 for controlling the flow in the vicinity of the leading edge (26).

The flow controller 40 increases the lift force of the rudder 10 by influencing the fluid forces acting on the rudder horn 20 and the rudder blade 30 by using the Magnus effect.

Here, the magnus effect refers to a phenomenon in which forces in the vertical direction with respect to the flow axis and the rotation axis of the object are generated when the axis of rotation of the object rotating in the fluid is perpendicular to the flow of the fluid. This will be described later.

1, 3 and 4, the leading edge 26 of the rudder horn 20 is provided with an accommodating portion 27 for accommodating the driving member 41 rotatably installed about the rotation axis. Can be.

The drive member 41 is provided with a cylindrical rotor having a length along the axial direction, the rotary shaft 42 on the upper portion of the drive member 41, the support shaft 43 on the lower portion of the drive member 41, respectively Can be prepared.

The rotating shaft 42 may be rotatably coupled to the receiving portion 27 and may be connected to the driving source 50 provided in the hull 1.

The driving source 50 may be configured as a motor capable of forward and reverse rotation, and the shaft 51 of the driving source 50 and the rotation shaft 42 of the driving member 41 may be connected to each other through a coupling 55. have.

The support shaft 43 may have an upper portion coupled to a lower portion of the driving member 41, and a lower portion thereof may be coupled to the rudder horn 20 to support the driving member 41. The support shaft 43 may support the lower portion of the rotating driving member 41 so that the driving member 41 is not separated from the receiving portion 27 even when the driving member 41 rotates. A bearing (not shown) may be installed between the support shaft 43 and the driving member 41 or a separate lubricant may be supplied to smoothly rotate the driving member 41.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the driving member 41 may be supported and rotated only by the rotation shaft 42 without the support shaft 43.

Through this, the drive source 50 for transmitting power to the drive member 41 can be installed in the hull 1, so that the installation space can be easily secured.

The accommodating part 27 may be formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the driving member 41. Receiving portion 27 of the present embodiment may be formed in the shape of an arc cut in the longitudinal direction so that one side of the cylindrical drive member 41 in the vicinity of the leading edge 26 of the rudder horn 20 can be accommodated.

In addition, the accommodating part 27 may be provided so that the front thereof is opened so that a part of the driving member 41 accommodated in the accommodating part 27 is exposed to be in contact with the fluid.

The driving member 41 accommodated in the accommodation portion 27 may be disposed in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the leading edge 26 of the rudder horn 20.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the drive member 41 is configured in a cylindrical shape, but if the rotating body that can rotate the shape will not be limited. For example, the driving member 41 may be configured as a sphere or an elliptic sphere. In addition, in such a case, the accommodating part 27 may be changed to match its shape. In addition, the cylindrical drive member 41 may have a length corresponding to the length of the leading edge 26 of the rudder horn 20 or may have a slightly smaller length.

Hereinafter, another driving method and effects of the present embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, the rudder 10 of the present embodiment is provided with a driving member 41 rotatably installed on the leading edge 26 of the rudder horn 20 to control the flow of the propeller 3 downstream. The rudder blade 30 is rotatably provided in a clockwise (first direction) or counterclockwise (second direction) centering on the rudder stock 11.

The drive member 41 is provided to be rotated forward and backward in the accommodating part 27 by the drive source 50 provided in the hull 1, and the drive member 41 is driven in the first direction by the drive source 50. In the case of rotation in the clockwise direction, as shown in FIG. 5, the driving member 41 generates a vertical force, that is, a lift force P, by the Magnus effect with respect to the fluid velocity V downstream of the propeller 3. Will receive.

Accordingly, the rotation of the drive member 41 has the effect of increasing the lift force on the rudder horn 20 and the rudder blade 30, so that the ship's adjustment performance is improved.

The driving member 41 may be changed in its rotational direction to increase lifting force according to the rotational direction of the rudder blade 30.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the rudder blade 30 is rotated in the first direction (clockwise) to turn the hull 1 toward the starboard side, the driving member 41 also rotates in the rudder blade 30. Rotate in the same first direction (clockwise) as.

In this case, the adjustment performance of the ship is greatly improved by the lifting force (P1, P2) generated by the drive member 41 and the rudder (10).

In addition, the wake V generated by the driving member 41 supplies energy for moving the flow to the trailing edge 30c of the rudder blade 30 even when the rudder blade 30 has an increased angle of rudder blade 30. Accordingly, the flow separation phenomenon occurring near the trailing edge 30c of the rudder blade 30 can be reduced, thereby increasing the lifting force of the rudder 10.

That is, the water flow generated by the rotation of the driving member 41 accelerates the flow velocity of the fluid flowing along the surface of the rudder horn 20, and is thereby generated by the propeller 3 and along the surface of the rudder 10. Since energy is supplied to the moving fluid, the moving fluid is delayed from being peeled off from the surface of the other 10 to induce an increase in lift.

On the contrary, when the rudder blade 30 is rotated in the second direction (counterclockwise direction) in order to pivot the hull 1 toward the port as shown in FIG. 7, the driving member 41 also has the second direction (half direction). By rotating in the clockwise direction, it is possible to improve the ship's adjustment performance due to the increase in the lift force P3, P4 of the rudder 10.

Hereinafter, another embodiment of the driving member of the present invention will be described. The same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts as the embodiments of the present invention described above, and description thereof will be omitted.

8 to 9 illustrate various embodiments of the driving member of the present embodiment.

8 and 9, the drive member 41 of the present embodiment is a rotating body extending in the upper end of the body portion (41a) having a cylindrical shape long in the axial direction as a rotating body ( 42 and the support shaft 43 extending from the lower end of the body portion 41a, respectively, and is rotated about the rotation shaft 42 in the state accommodated in the receiving portion (27).

In this case, one portion of the driving member 41 is in the state accommodated in the receiving portion 27, so that the area of the fluid for the driving member 41 to rotate the surrounding fluid is reduced, and the driving member 41 is In the case where the rotation speed is greatly increased, the flow of the flow does not follow the surface of the body portion 41a of the driving member 41 and may occur.

In order to solve this problem, in the present embodiment, at least one protrusion for guiding the flow flowing along the surface of the driving member 41 to reduce the peeling of the flow on the surface of the body portion 41a when the driving member 41 is rotated ( 60) may be provided.

At least one protrusion 60 is not limited in shape or number as long as it protrudes from the outer surface of the body portion 41a so as to guide the flow flowing along the surface when the driving member 41 rotates.

That is, as shown in Figure 9 at least one projection 60 is composed of a plurality of plates (plate) spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the body portion (41a), the cross-sectional shape of the plurality of plates is triangular, square It may be made of a polygon such as, or semi-circular. That is, the cross-sectional shape of a some plate is not limited.

Through such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 9, a predetermined gap g is generated between the accommodating part 27 and the body part 41a of the driving member 41, and the driving member (a) is formed in the gap g. Cavitation (cavitation) phenomenon due to the rotation of the 41 may be generated, the cavitation phenomenon is reduced as the fluid flow in the gap (g) is guided by the at least one projection (60).

In addition, the at least one protrusion 60 may optimize the Magnus effect caused by the rotation of the driving member 41 by reducing the separation of the flow flowing along the surface of the driving member 41. As the lifting force increases, the ship's adjustment performance becomes better. In addition, when the drive member 41 has the projection 60 for the same rotational speed, the efficiency thereof can be significantly improved, so that the capacity of the drive source 50 for driving the drive member 41 can be reduced, and the installation thereof. Space can be reduced.

The foregoing has shown and described specific embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various changes without departing from the spirit of the technical idea of the invention as set forth in the claims below. .

1: hull, 3: propeller,
10: ride, 20: rudder horn,
26: leading edge, 27: receptacles,
30: rudder blade, 40: flow controller,
41: driving member, 42: rotating shaft,
50: drive source, 60: projection.

Claims (14)

In a rudder having a rudder horn fixed to the hull and a rudder blade rotatably installed on the rudder horn,
The leading edge of the rudder horn is rotatably installed about a rotation axis and has a cylindrical driving member for controlling the flow near the leading edge to accelerate the flow rate of the fluid flowing along the surface of the rudder horn. Including controls,
The leading edge is provided with a receiving portion for receiving at least a portion of the drive member,
The outer circumferential surface of the drive member includes at least one protrusion that protrudes to reduce the flow separation on the surface of the drive member when the drive member is rotated,
The at least one protrusion is a vessel for guiding fluid flow in the gap between the receiving portion and the drive member. delete The method of claim 1,
The driving member is characterized in that the ship is rotated in the same rotational direction as the rotational direction of the rudder blade. The method of claim 1,
The flow control device further comprises a drive source provided inside the hull to drive the drive member. 5. The method of claim 4,
The drive source is for a ship comprising a motor. delete The method of claim 1,
The driving member is a vessel for having a length extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the leading edge. The method of claim 1,
The at least one protrusion is a vessel for including a plate (plate) spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the drive member. The method of claim 8,
The cross-sectional shape of the plate is at least one of the semi-circular and polygonal vessel. delete 10. A ship equipped with a rudder according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 5 and 7 to 9.
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