KR101327510B1 - Manufacturing method for artificial structures using recycling plastic and artificial structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method of manufacturing an artificial structure using waste plastic material and natural fibers, straw straw, corn fiber, and discarded polymer fibers, and the artificial structure obtained therefrom, wherein the waste plastic material is modified to bond with fibers. By maximizing the content of the fibers, the strength can be improved, and an artificial structure having excellent chemical stability and molding processability can be provided.

Description

Manufacturing method for artificial structures using recycling plastic and artificial structures

The present invention relates to a method for producing an artificial structure using waste plastic material and natural fibers of straw straw, corn fiber and discarded polymer fibers, and to an artificial structure obtained therefrom.

There are a number of research cases related to man-made structures and methods of manufacturing them, which are intended to help the economics and safety of farmers who are involved in agriculture, ginseng cultivation, and plantation based in many industries. Looking at such a conventional technique, for example, a method of manufacturing artificial wood by chemical foaming of polyolefin resin, this manufacturing method is a multi-step by mixing polyolefin resin and cellulose-based wood flour at 140 ℃ ~ 150 ℃ temperature The manufacturing process is complicated because of the manufacturing process, and because it uses only the new polyolefin resin, not regeneration, it does not compete with natural wood in terms of price. In addition, another example is a method of manufacturing artificial wood using recycled plastic and chaff, which is added by adding chaff to recycled plastic and then mixing the mixture by heating, mechanically mixing and extruding the artificial wood. made. As another example, to replace the one-time use of the wooden ginseng prop tree, recycled polyethylene (PE) acting as a cement, bamboo flour acting as a sand, and chopped palm leaf serving as gravel or rebar, etc. There is a manufactured structural tube and round bar.

In addition, a number of artificial structure pipes or artificial wood is known and these are used in natural wood substitutes and vinyl house structures.

The present invention does not impair the chemical stability such as water resistance, cold resistance, oil resistance, etc., even if the content of the fiber material is increased, and also excellent in strength, and is an environmentally friendly steel (rod or pipe), wood and cement structures useful as artificial structures It is to provide a manufacturing method and the artificial structure obtained therefrom.

In one embodiment of the present invention is a step of fiberizing a fiber raw material consisting of a single or a mixture thereof selected from straw straw fibers, corn fibers and waste polymer fibers; A modification step of modifying the waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material; A kneading step of kneading the modified waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material and the fiberized fiber raw material; A mixing step of heating and mixing the kneaded material; It provides a method of manufacturing an artificial structure using waste plastic, including; and post-processing process.

In the manufacturing method of the artificial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of fiberizing may be carried out by a method of pulverizing or crushing the fiber raw material and then immersed in water and then deemed.

In the manufacturing method of the artificial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the modification step may be performed by chemically grafting a compound having an acid group selected from acrylic acid, maleic acid and maleic anhydride in the waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material have. In a specific embodiment, the denaturation process may be performed under the conditions of 180 to 230 ℃.

In the manufacturing method of the artificial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the kneading process may be performed including 20 to 50% by weight of the modified waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material and 50 to 80% by weight of the fiberized fiber raw material.

In the method of manufacturing an artificial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the kneading process may be performed by including 1 to 2% by weight of an additive selected from calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, pigment and alkylexide alone or in a mixture thereof. Can be.

In the manufacturing method of the artificial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the mixing process may be carried out by a method of homogeneously mixing for 20 to 30 minutes at 180 to 220 ℃.

In the manufacturing method of the artificial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the post-processing step is injection or extrusion process; Curing and cooling process; Semiproductive process; Surface modification process; And a commercialization process.

The artificial structure obtained by the embodiments of the present invention is a straw straw fiber, corn fiber combined with a matrix of acid and matrix of waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material modified with a compound having an acid group selected from acrylic acid, maleic acid and maleic anhydride. And a fiber raw material of a single or a mixture thereof selected from waste polymer fibers; The fiber raw material is comprised in 50 to 80% by weight of the total composition; Tensile strength is 1,200 to 3,000 kg / ㎠.

In one specific embodiment, the artificial structure has a bending strength of 2.85 to 4.8 N / mm 2.

The present invention is an environmentally friendly natural material structure made by mixing the waste thermoplastic plastic raw material by dramatically increasing the content of the fiber raw material, it can supply the natural material structure of low price and excellent strength to the farming iron (bar or pipe) ), It is a groundbreaking technology that can replace the wood and cement structures to secure the infinity of development and the recycling of resources at the same time. In addition, the manufacturing process of artificial structures using plastic and natural fiber materials to replace the steel (rods or pipes), wood and cement structures according to the present invention is very similar to the general plastic recycling process has the advantage of using the existing equipment have. In addition, the use of natural fiber cellulose-based raw materials, which are rural by-products, will contribute to the preservation of the environment and to strengthen the competitiveness of the country-based business.

The present invention will be described in more detail as follows.

In the manufacture of artificial structures to replace iron, cement, plastic or wood structures, which are agricultural structural materials used in rural livestock buildings, orchards, ginseng cultivation, and plastic houses, in one embodiment of the present invention, waste thermoplastic resin-based plastics as adhesives The material is heat-molded by mixing natural straw fiber, corn fiber, or discarded polymer fiber, which is a natural fiber having a very strong strength as a filler.

Waste iron wood, plastic or cement structures in rural areas have a large amount of generation, which is a major factor in environmental pollution, and there are no technologies that can be utilized as new resources. In addition, rice straw fiber, corn fiber, waste polymer fiber, etc., which are agricultural by-products in rural areas, are produced indefinitely, but there is no application for this. In this regard, the benefits of recycling resources would be great if new methods were created to use the fiber material for the manufacture of artificial structures.

In this aspect, the embodiment of the present invention replaces environmentally friendly steel (rods or pipes), wood, plastics and cement structures using waste thermoplastic plastic material and cellulose-based straw straw, corn fiber or waste polymer fiber. We want to develop a technology that can be used as a new material.

Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fiber material consisting of a single or a mixture thereof selected from rice straw fibers, corn fibers and waste polymer fibers is first fibrillated for use in the manufacture of artificial structures.

Fibrillation will be understood as pulverizing or crushing the fiber raw material, immersing it in water, inflating it, and then desealing it using a sea island or the like.

On the other hand, the waste thermoplastic resin material needs to be modified before being mixed with the fiberized fiber material.

Thermoplastic plastics such as polypropylene and polyethylene are hydrophobic in terms of chemical structure and consist only of carbon and hydrogen, and fiber raw materials, such as rice straw, corn fiber or waste polymer fiber, are hydrophilic in the form of cellulose having a ring structure. By simply mixing them, the bonding force is difficult to be exerted, thereby making it difficult to increase the content of the fiber raw material in the artificial structure, and it is difficult to express enough mechanical properties such as strength to be used as the artificial structure.

In this regard, in one embodiment of the present invention, the waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material is modified to improve the bonding force.

More specifically, high molecular weight polyolefins are inexpensive but have excellent mechanical properties, optical and chemical properties, and are easily formed at the same time, so they can be widely used. However, since they are non-polar materials, they are not compatible with other types of polymers. The disadvantage is that there is no miscibility with the filler. In particular, it is difficult to blend with other types of polymers, and to compensate for these disadvantages, plastics are chemically modified to develop new applications by changing physical properties such as improving thermal stability, increasing kneading properties, improving dyeing properties, providing antistatic effects and adhesion. The properties of the material can be improved. As a method for improving the defects of such polyolefins, there is a method of chemically grafting a compound having an acid group such as acrylic acid, maleic acid and maleic anhydride by chemical reaction with polyethylene or polypropylene backbone. In this case, the physical properties of the thermoplastic material may vary according to the graft ratio. Since the modified polyolefin is well mixed with other polymers, mechanical mixing is easy, and physical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, and compressive strength are greatly improved.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the modification process of the waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic raw material is carried out by chemically grafting a compound having an acid group selected from acrylic acid, maleic acid and maleic anhydride in the waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material, wherein the reaction conditions are 180 It is preferable that it is the conditions of -230 degreeC.

Next, a kneading step of kneading the modified waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material and the fiberized fiber raw material is carried out.

In the kneading process, an additive may be further included. Examples of the additive may include calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, pigments, or a single or a mixture thereof.

The waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material modified in the kneading process may be used in an amount of 20 to 50% by weight, and the fiberized fiber material may be used in an amount of 50 to 80% by weight. Preferably the content of the fiberized fiber material is further increased and may be 70 to 80% by weight as a preferred example. Increasing the content of the fiberized fiber raw material is advantageous in terms of strength, but the amount of the modified waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material which functions as a binder is relatively small, which may make it difficult to exert the bonding force between the fiber raw materials, and also the water resistance and chemical resistance It may be disadvantageous in terms of aspects.

In the case of including an additive, the content thereof is preferably within a range that does not inhibit the strength, water resistance, and chemical resistance of the artificial structure, and as a specific example, the content may be preferably 1 to 2% by weight.

As such, the mixture is heated and mixed with the kneaded process.

At this time, the heating is a process for combining the acid and fiber raw material of the modified thermoplastic resin-based plastic material, when considering this reaction, the mixing process may be preferably carried out by a method of homogeneously mixing for 20 to 30 minutes at 180 to 220 ℃. .

The raw materials heated and mixed in this way exist in the state of waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material in the form of rubber, and the fiber material exists in the state of solid state, and these mixed materials can be taken and manufactured in the form of various artificial structures desired through the post-processing process. have.

One example of the post-processing process is a step of injecting or extruding a material; Curing and cooling the injection or extrudate; Semiproductive process; Surface modification process; And a commercialization process.

The artificial structure thus obtained is selected from rice straw fibers, corn fibers and waste polymer fibers combined with a matrix of matrix and matrix of waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material modified with a compound having an acid group selected from acrylic acid, maleic acid and maleic anhydride. A fiber raw material alone or in a mixture thereof; The fiber raw material is comprised in 50 to 80% by weight of the total composition; The tensile strength is 1,200 to 3,000 kg / cm 2, and the bending strength is 2.85 to 4.8 N / mm 2.

In particular, it is possible to increase the fiber raw material content by 70 to 80% by weight, since the artificial structure of the present invention cannot be fluidized blending, heat mixing and extruding the fiber raw material by 70 to 80% by weight with conventional kneading techniques. In this respect, it is an artificial structure having a remarkable difference from the artificial structures so far.

In addition, the artificial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention has a specific gravity of 0.8 to 1.20, and has a low specific gravity and is mixed with high chemical stability such as water resistance, cold resistance, and oil resistance, and thus has excellent electrical insulation. In addition, it is easy to be molded by extrusion, pressing, etc., and it can be used as a material to replace steel (rod or pipe), wood, plastic, and cement structure of desired size in various shapes, and can be made according to the user's desired properties, and cutting According to the conditions of crushing, mixing, heating, and cooling, various physical properties can be imparted to the composition. In particular, there is no nailing, mechanical woodworking, punching or cracking, so it is easy to carry and handle on the job site. Moreover, it is easy to form and cut and can be produced as a color application.

The artificial structure according to the present invention is composed of the same cellulose structure as the pulp and has the absolute advantages and advantages in natural decomposition and environmental pollution.

In this respect, the manufacturing method of the artificial structure of the present invention has a great advantage of semi-permanently recycling by effectively recycling the recycled plastic harmful to the environment as well as strengthening the competitiveness of the country-based business by preserving the environment and recycling resources.

In order to confirm the effect of the present invention by the above embodiments, an artificial structure specimen was manufactured using polyethylene, polypropylene or acrylic synthetic resin and straw straw fiber, corn fiber or waste polymer fiber produced in a resource recycling plant.

First, polyethylene, polypropylene, or acrylic synthetic resins were added to a kneader by adding a compound having an acid group selected from acrylic acid, maleic acid and maleic anhydride, followed by a denaturation process by heating at about 180 ° C. for about 30 minutes to denature it.

And straw straw fiber, corn fiber and waste polymer fiber was involved in the fiberization process of first crushing, immersed in water, inflated, and then fibrous through sea islands.

The waste plastic material and the fiberized fiber raw material thus modified were kneaded, and the waste plastic raw material and the fiber raw material were heated and mixed using a heat mixing device.

Specifically, the fiberized fiber raw material and the denatured waste plastic material at an operating temperature of 220 ° C. were weight ratios of 50/50, 60/40, 70/30, and 80/20, respectively. After melt kneading, the mixture was cooled to room temperature. In this case, the prepared mixed material showed a rubbery state in a very uniform mixed state.

Therefore, the mixing ratio of fiberized fiber raw material and polymer in the molding process is 50/50, 60/40, 70/30, 80/20, respectively. Molding was carried out under conditions of 5 to 10 minutes.

Density measurement was made by cutting the size of the molded sample into a size of 50mm × 50mm × 5mm to make a specimen, calculate the density by calculating the weight (W) and the volume (V) at room temperature and take three average values as experimental values. The measurement density is shown in Table 1 below.

Fibrous Fiber Material / Denatured Waste Plastic Material (wt%) Density (g / cm3) 50/50 1.20 60/40 1.13 70/30 1.10 80/20 1.05 50/50 1.14 60/40 1.06 70/30 1.04 80/20 0.80

On the other hand, after mixing the fibrous fiber material and the modified thermoplastic thermoplastic material modified by the above-described method at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes and then adding calcium carbonate as an additive, the tensile strength and flexural strength of the specimen prepared by molding under the above conditions were Was measured and shown in Table 2 below. As a result, the tensile strength is in the range of 1,300-2,600 kg / cm 2 and the flexural strength is in the range of 2.92-4.8 N / mm 2. Here, the flexural strength was measured by KSM 3008. Tensile strength was measured by KS M 3022 method.

Material number Mixing composition ratio of materials (wt%)
The tensile strength
(kg / cm2)
Whip strength
(N / mm < 2 & Denatured
plastic Fibrous natural fibers (straw straw or corn fiber) / Fibrous waste polymer fibers
additive One 20 25/53 2 1300 2.92 2 20 30/48 2 1400 3.01 3 20 35/43 2 1700 3.05 4 23 25/50 2 1800 3.20 5 23 30/45 2 2100 3.80 6 23 35/40 2 2050 3.26 7 26 25/47 2 2040 4.8 8 26 30/42 2 2600 3.80 9 26 35/37 2 2560 3.20 10 29 25/44 2 2010 4.30 11 29 30/39 2 2000 3.15 12 29 35/34 2 1990 2.98

On the other hand, the specimen was cut into a size of 50mm × 20mm × 5mm, precipitated in water at room temperature for 45 minutes, and the absorption rate was calculated as the ratio of the weight difference with the sample that absorbed water against the weight of the dry sample. The experiment was repeated three times and the average value was calculated. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

<Formula 1>

Absorption rate (g / g) = (weight of sample absorbed by water-weight of dry sample) / weight of dry sample

Material composition
(Fibrillated natural fiber / modified waste plastic) (wt%) Absorption rate (g / g) 50/50 0.04 60/40 0.05 70/30 0.09 80/20 0.30

As can be seen from the above examples, the artificial structure of the present invention is an artificial structure using natural fibers (environmentally friendly straw straw, corn fiber) or waste polymer fibers, etc., as a filler material of thermoplastic regenerated plastic pellets as an adhesive, This material has a specific gravity of 0.8-1.20, which is light and has chemical stability such as water resistance, cold resistance, oil resistance, and strong tensile and bending strength.

Therefore, such artificial structures can replace agricultural steel structures, cement, plastics or wood structures used in rural areas, thereby securing both infinity of development and recycling of resources. This material is easy to be molded by injection, pressurization, extrusion, etc., especially in the process of processing. It is environmentally friendly, high value-added, productive and economical, which makes it possible to make structures of desired specifications in various shapes. Of course, it can be produced as a product with applicability.

Claims (10)

Fiberizing a fiber material comprising a single or a mixture thereof selected from rice straw fibers, corn fibers and waste polymer fibers;
A modification step of chemically grafting and modifying a compound having an acid group in the waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material;
A kneading step of kneading the modified waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material and the fiberized fiber raw material;
A mixing step of uniformly mixing the kneaded material at 180 to 220 ° C. for 20 to 30 minutes; And
A post-processing step of manufacturing an artificial structure from the mixed material prepared by the mixing process;
Method for manufacturing artificial structure using waste plastic. The method of claim 1, wherein the fiberizing step is performed by pulverizing or crushing the fiber raw material, and then dipping into fiber and then dehumidifying the fiber raw material. The method of claim 1, wherein the modification step is performed by chemically grafting a compound having an acid group selected from acrylic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride to the waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material. The method of claim 3, wherein the modification step is carried out under the conditions of 180 to 230 ℃. The method of claim 1, wherein the kneading process comprises 20 to 50% by weight of the modified waste thermoplastic resin-based plastic material and 50 to 80% by weight of the fiberized fiber material. The method of claim 1, wherein the kneading process comprises 1 to 2% by weight of an additive consisting of only one or a mixture thereof selected from calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, pigments, and alkylexides. delete The process of claim 1, wherein the post processing process comprises: an injection or extrusion process; Curing and cooling process; Semiproductive process; Surface modification process; And a method of manufacturing an artificial structure using waste plastic, including a commercialization process. delete delete