KR101321242B1 - In-Plane-Switching mode Liquid Crystal Display device and the fabrication method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device (LCD), and more particularly, to a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof.

According to the present invention, the cell gap of the view control subpixel is larger than the cell gap of the red, green, and blue subpixels, thereby increasing the light leakage of the side view angle, driving the viewing angle more narrowly, improving security, and increasing the cell gap of the view control subpixel. In order to apply the material of the existing process to the second substrate there is an advantage that the process is simple and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Field of view control, security, transverse electric field method

Description

Transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device and its manufacturing method {In-Plane-Switching mode Liquid Crystal Display device and the fabrication method

1 is a plan view of a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line I-I 'in Fig. 1;

3 is a voltage distribution diagram of a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

4A and 4B are plan views of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device with no voltage applied and applied.

5 is a plan view showing a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

6A and 6B are cross-sectional views showing a wide viewing angle mode of the present invention on the II-II 'line in FIG.

7A and 7B are graphs showing transmission characteristics in the wide viewing angle mode of the present invention.

 FIG. 8 is a graph showing contrast-ratios depending on the viewing angle in the subpixel Pv for the field of view control in the wide viewing angle mode in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display according to the present invention.

9A to 9C are cross-sectional views showing a narrow viewing angle mode of the present invention on the II-II 'line in FIG.

10A is a graph showing transmission characteristics when no voltage is applied to the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb in the narrow viewing angle mode.

10B is a graph showing transmission characteristics of the subpixel Pv for view control in the narrow viewing angle mode.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing contrast-ratio according to a cell gap dv of a subpixel for controlling a field of view in a narrow viewing angle mode in a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display according to the present invention; FIG.

12 is a plan view showing a part of a color filter substrate (upper substrate) in a liquid crystal panel according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III ′ in FIG. 12.

14A to 14C are plan views schematically illustrating an upper substrate of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV 'in FIG.

16 is a plan view schematically illustrating an upper substrate of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV ′ in FIG. 16. FIG.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment according to the present invention in which a partition wall is formed around a subpixel for controlling a view of an upper substrate using a color filter; FIG.

Description of the Related Art [0002]

111: lower substrate 112: gate wiring

115: data wiring 117: pixel electrode

119a: first contact hole 119b: second contact hole

121: upper substrate 122: black matrix

122a: partition wall black matrix 123: color filter layer

123a and 123b: partition color filter layer 124: common electrode

125: common wiring 129: overcoat layer

131: liquid crystal layer 132: liquid crystal molecules

161: first polarizing plate 162: second polarizing plate

178: pattern spacer 179: partition spacer

517: pixel electrode for visual field control 524: common electrode for visual field control

525: common wiring for view control

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device (LCD), and more particularly, to a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof.

Recently, a liquid crystal display device, which is one of the flat panel display devices that are attracting attention, is a device for changing optical anisotropy by applying an electric field to a liquid crystal having both liquidity and optical properties of crystals. Compared with the low power consumption, small volume, large size, and high definition, it is widely used.

The liquid crystal display device has various modes depending on the nature of the liquid crystal and the structure of the pattern.

Specifically, a TN mode (Twisted Nematic Mode) in which a liquid crystal director is arranged so as to twist by 90 degrees and then a voltage is applied to control the liquid crystal director, and a twisted nematic mode in which one pixel is divided into several domains, An OCB mode (Optically Compensated Birefringence Mode) in which a compensating film is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the substrate to compensate for the phase change of the light according to the traveling direction of the light, a multi-domain mode (In-Plane Switching Mode) in which two electrodes are formed in a plane of the liquid crystal so as to twist the director of the liquid crystal in a plane parallel to the alignment film, and a liquid crystal and a vertical alignment film are used to align the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules vertically And VA mode (Vertical Alignment).

The transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is generally constituted by a color filter substrate (hereinafter referred to as an upper substrate) and a thin film array substrate (hereinafter referred to as a lower substrate) which are disposed opposite to each other and having a liquid crystal layer therebetween.

That is, on the upper substrate, a black matrix for preventing light leakage and R, G, and B color filter layers for forming hues on the black matrix are formed.

In the lower substrate, a gate wiring and a data wiring defining a unit pixel, a switching element formed at a crossing point of the gate wiring and the data wiring, and a common electrode and a pixel electrode crossing each other to generate a transverse electric field are formed .

Hereinafter, a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the prior art, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I 'of FIG.

First, as shown in Fig. 1, a gate wiring 12 and a data wiring 15, which are vertically cross-placed on a lower substrate 11 to define pixels, and a gate wiring 12 and a data wiring 15 A common wiring 25 disposed in a pixel so as to be in parallel with the gate wiring 12; and a common wiring 25 branched from the common wiring 25 and connected to the data wiring 15 A plurality of pixel electrodes 17 connected to the drain electrodes of the thin film transistors TFT so as to intersect with the common electrodes 24 in parallel with the common electrodes 24, A capacitor electrode 26 extending from the pixel electrode 17 and overlapped on the common wiring 25 is provided.

The thin film transistor TFT includes a gate electrode 12a branched from the gate wiring 12, a gate insulating film (not shown) formed on the entire surface including the gate electrode 12a, And a source electrode 15a and a drain electrode 15b which are branched from the data line 15 and are formed at both ends of the semiconductor layer 14, respectively.

The pixel electrode 17 is connected to the drain electrode 15b through a drain contact hole 19 exposing the drain electrode 15b to a predetermined exposure.

Specifically, the common wiring 25 and the common electrode 24 are integrally formed, and are formed simultaneously with the gate wiring 12, and include copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), and molybdenum ( It is formed from low resistance metals such as Mo) and titanium (Ti).

The pixel electrode 17 is alternately formed with the common electrode 24. The pixel electrode 17 may be formed simultaneously with the data line 15 or may be formed on different layers.

In this case, the common electrode 24 and the pixel electrode 17 may cross each other in a straight line shape or may be formed in a zigzag shape.

The common electrode 24 and the pixel electrode 17 may be formed using a transparent conductive metal having a relatively high transmittance of light, such as indium-tin-oxide (ITO), as a material. Is also called an ITO-ITO electrode transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

In order to separate the two patterns between the common electrode 24 and the pixel electrode 17, an insulating film is further provided as shown in FIG. 2, wherein 13 in FIG. 2 is a gate insulating film formed of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or the like. .

In this case, the common electrode 24 may be formed first, the pixel electrode 17 may be formed later, and the pixel electrode 17 may be formed first and the common electrode 24 may be formed thereafter And the common electrode 24 and the pixel electrode 17 may be formed in the same layer without forming an insulating film therebetween.

A passivation layer 16 is further provided on the entire surface including the pixel electrode 17 to protect various patterns.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 2, on the upper substrate 21, there is a black matrix 22 that prevents light leakage, and a color filter layer made of color resists of R, G, and B between the black matrices 22. (23), and an overcoat layer 29 is formed on the color filter layer 23 to protect the color filter layer and to planarize the surface of the color filter layer.

In this case, the black matrix 23 extends to the upper portions of the common electrodes at both ends of the common electrodes in the pixel to block light leakage at the edges of the pixels.

However, the common electrode formed at the edge of the pixel among the common electrodes 24 may overlap the data line to perform the role of the black matrix instead. In this case, the common electrode should be formed of a light blocking layer such as a metal layer.

The lower substrate 11 and the color filter substrate 21 of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device are opposed to each other by a sealant (not shown) having adhesive properties, as shown in FIG. 2. The liquid crystal layer 31 is formed in between.

In the horizontal field type liquid crystal display device configured as described above, both the common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed on the same substrate in order to rotate the liquid crystal molecules 32 in a horizontal state with respect to the substrate, and between the two electrodes. A voltage is applied to generate a horizontal electric field with respect to the substrate.

Therefore, the change in the birefringence of the liquid crystal with respect to the viewing direction is small, so that the viewing angle characteristic is superior to that of the conventional TN type liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 3 is a voltage distribution diagram of a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, and FIGS. 4A and 4B are plan views of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device in a voltage unapplied state and a voltage application state.

As shown in FIG. 3, when 5 V is applied to the common electrode 24 and 0 V is applied to the pixel electrode 17, the equipotential surface is distributed parallel to the electrode at the portion directly above the electrode, The equipotential surface is distributed close to the vertical.

Therefore, the direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential plane, so that there is a horizontal electric field rather than a vertical electric field between the common electrode 24 and the pixel electrode 17, a vertical electric field rather than a horizontal electric field on each electrode, An electric field is formed in a complex manner.

A transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device uses this electric field to control the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules.

4A, when a sufficient voltage is applied to the initially aligned liquid crystal molecules 32 in the same direction as the transmission axis of a polarizing plate, as shown in FIG. 4B, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 32 becomes an electric field Respectively. If the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal is negative, the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged in parallel with the electric field.

Specifically, the first and second polarizing plates attached to the outer circumferential surfaces of the lower substrate and the upper substrate are arranged so that their transmission axes are orthogonal to each other, and the rubbing direction of the alignment film formed on the lower substrate is perpendicular to the transmission axis Thereby making it normally black mode.

That is, if no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 32 are arranged as shown in FIG. 4A to show a black state, and if voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 32 as shown in FIG. 4B. Are arranged side by side in the electric field to indicate a white state.

However, the conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device has an advantage of having a wide viewing angle. However, when a computer is used for personal reasons, this advantage leads to the reverse function that privacy can be infringed from the neighboring people.

Thus, in the related art, a liquid crystal panel for viewing angle control is further attached to the main liquid crystal panel for security or privacy protection, thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle by causing excessive light leakage in a black state in left and right viewing angle directions. In addition to the additional liquid crystal panel to be manufactured, there is a problem that the thickness and weight of the product is more than doubled, and misalignment when attaching the liquid crystal panel and the main liquid crystal panel for the field of view control This may occur, and when used in the wide viewing angle mode, since the light incident from the backlight needs to pass through the liquid crystal panel for controlling the field of view, the front luminance may be significantly lowered.

The present invention provides a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device which improves security by driving the viewing angle more narrowly by increasing the light leakage of the side viewing angle by making the cell gap of the viewing control subpixel larger than the cell gap of the red, green, and blue subpixels. There is a first purpose.

In addition, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device in which the process is simple and the manufacturing cost is reduced by applying the material of the existing process to the second substrate in order to increase the cell gap of the visual control subpixel. There is a purpose.

In order to achieve the first object described above, a first embodiment of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate; Gate wiring and data wiring intersecting longitudinally and horizontally with each other on the first substrate to define red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels; A thin film transistor formed in a crossing region of the gate wiring and the data wiring; A first pixel electrode and a first common electrode which are alternately spaced apart from each other in the red, green, and blue subpixels; A second pixel electrode formed on the field control subpixel; A black matrix formed on a boundary of the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels and a thin film transistor position on the second substrate; A red, green, and blue color filter layer formed at a position corresponding to the red, green, and blue subpixels on the second substrate; An overcoat layer selectively formed on the red, green, and blue subpixels of the second substrate; A second common electrode formed to correspond to the second pixel electrode to form a vertical electric field or an electroless state; And a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates.

In order to achieve the above-described second object, a method of manufacturing a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes red, green, and blue subpixels and a view control subpixel crossing each other on a first substrate. Forming a gate wiring and a data wiring to be defined; Forming a thin film transistor at a position where the gate line and the data line cross each other; Forming a plurality of first common electrodes parallel to the data lines in the red, green, and blue subpixels, and a plurality of first pixel electrodes alternately crossing the first common electrode; Forming a second pixel electrode on the field control subpixel; Forming a black matrix on a second substrate opposite the first substrate; Forming the red, green, and blue color filters on the second substrate; Applying and patterning an overcoat material on the second substrate to selectively form an overcoat layer on the red, green, and blue subpixels; Forming a second common electrode on the subpixel for visual field control on the second substrate; Forming a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

The second common electrode may be connected to the second common wire to extend outward.

The second common wiring may be made of a transparent conductive material or a metal material.

The cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel is larger than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels (dv> dc).

The overcoat layer may be removed inside the visual control subpixel.

And a driving circuit unit for supplying at least one pixel voltage level forming a vertical electric field between the second pixel electrode and the second common electrode of the field control subpixel.

In order to achieve the first object described above, a second embodiment of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate; Gate wiring and data wiring intersecting longitudinally and horizontally with each other on the first substrate to define red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels; A thin film transistor formed in a crossing region of the gate wiring and the data wiring; A first pixel electrode and a first common electrode which are alternately spaced apart from each other in the red, green, and blue subpixels; A second pixel electrode formed on the field control subpixel; A black matrix formed on a boundary of the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels and a thin film transistor position on the second substrate; A red, green, and blue color filter layer formed at a position corresponding to the red, green, and blue subpixels on the second substrate; A partition wall having a predetermined height formed on the black matrix of the boundary of the visual control subpixel; An overcoat layer having a different thickness on the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels of the second substrate; A second common electrode formed to correspond to the second pixel electrode to form a vertical electric field or an electroless state; And a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates.

In order to achieve the above-described second object, a method of manufacturing a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes red, green, and blue subpixels and a view control subpixel crossing each other on a first substrate. Forming a gate wiring and a data wiring to be defined; Forming a thin film transistor at a position where the gate line and the data line cross each other; Forming a plurality of first common electrodes parallel to the data lines in the red, green, and blue subpixels, and a plurality of first pixel electrodes alternately crossing the first common electrode; Forming a second pixel electrode on the field control subpixel; Forming a black matrix and red, green, and blue color filters on a second substrate facing the first substrate; Forming a partition having a predetermined height on a black matrix formed at a boundary of the view control subpixel; Forming an overcoat layer on the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels of the second substrate; Forming a second common electrode on the subpixel for visual field control on the second substrate; Forming a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Forming a barrier rib having a predetermined height on a black matrix formed at a boundary of the visual control subpixel, the method comprising: applying a spacer material on the second substrate; The spacer material may be patterned by a mask process to form partition spacers having a predetermined height on a black matrix formed at a boundary between the column spacer and the view control subpixel.

The partition spacer and the column spacer may be formed at the same height.

Alternatively, the partition spacer may be formed lower than the height of the column spacer.

The overcoat layer is formed by a spin coating method or a printing method.

The thickness (a ') of the overcoat layer formed on the visual control subpixel is formed thinner than the thickness (a' <a) of the overcoat layer formed on the red, green, and blue subpixels.

In the forming of the barrier rib having a predetermined height on the black matrix formed at the boundary of the visual control subpixel, the barrier rib is formed by multilayering or integrally forming the black matrix at a predetermined height on the black matrix formed at the boundary of the visual control subpixel. It is characterized by further forming.

In the forming of the barrier rib having a predetermined height on the black matrix formed at the boundary of the visual control subpixel, the barrier rib is further laminated with a red, green, and blue color filter layer on the black matrix formed at the boundary of the visual control subpixel. It is characterized by forming at a predetermined height.

The cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel is larger than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels (dv> dc).

The partition wall is characterized in that the form '└┘', '││', '└', '┘', '□'.

Hereinafter, a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

5 is a plan view illustrating a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views illustrating a wide viewing angle mode of the present invention on the line II-II ′ of FIG. 5.

The liquid crystal display according to the present invention includes a lower substrate 111, an upper substrate 121, and a liquid crystal layer 131 interposed therebetween, and includes a red sub-pixel Pr and green. A subpixel (green sub-pixel) Pg, a blue sub-pixel (Pb), and a viewing angle controlling sub-pixel (Pv) are provided.

The red subpixel Pr, the green subpixel Pg, and the blue subpixel Pb of the upper substrate 121 include red, green, and blue color filters, respectively. ) Is provided with a common electrode 524 for visual field control on the substrate by removing the color filter and the overcoat layer.

That is, the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is larger than the cell gaps dr, dg and db of the red subpixel Pr, the green subpixel Pg, and the blue subpixel Pb.

Therefore, as the cell gap dv of the view control subpixel Pv increases, light leakage generated in the side view increases, and the viewing angle range is narrowed.

In addition, the field control common electrode 524 is connected to the field control common wire 525, and the field control common wire 525 extends outside the panel.

In the lower substrate 111, the red subpixel, the green subpixel, and the blue subpixel may be formed by crossing a plurality of common electrodes 124 and pixel electrodes 117 on and off of an applied voltage. A horizontal electric field is generated, and the visual field control subpixel Pv is formed by a plate having the visual field control pixel electrode 517 formed to face the common electrode 524 for visual field control. At this point a vertical electric field is generated.

When the visual field control subpixel Pv is in an off-state, the liquid crystal display is driven in the wide viewing angle mode by the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, and the visual field control subpixel When the pixel Pv is in an on-state, the liquid crystal display generates light leakage in the side view and drives the narrow viewing angle mode.

When the viewing control subpixel Pv is driven in the narrow viewing angle mode, the viewing angle range is adjusted according to at least one voltage level applied to the viewing control pixel electrode 517.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings will be described in more detail and in detail the configuration of the present invention.

5 and 6, the lower substrate 111 of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention vertically crosses a plurality of gate lines 112 arranged in a row and the gate lines 112. The subpixels Pr, Pg, Pb, and Pv are defined by the plurality of data lines 115, and the intersection of the two lines is in the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb among the unit pixels. A thin film transistor (TFT) formed at a point to switch voltage, and a plurality of common electrodes (Vcom electrodes) 124 vertically branched into unit pixels by being connected to the common wiring 125 parallel to the gate wiring 112; The pixel electrode 117 is connected to the thin film transistor TFT and is parallel to the common electrode 124.

At this time, between the gate line 112 and the data line 115, a gate formed by depositing an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), etc. by PECVD method as shown in FIG. An insulating layer 113 is further formed, and the gate insulating layer 113 insulates the common electrode 124 and the pixel electrode 117.

On the other hand, the subpixel Pv for controlling the field of view in the subpixel is formed at the intersection of the gate line 112 and the data line 115 to switch a voltage, and is connected to the thin film transistor to form the field of view. A pixel electrode 517 formed of a plate is provided in the control subpixel.

The protective layer 116 is coated on the entire surface of the pixel electrode 117 by coating an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx) or an organic insulating material such as benzocyclobutene (BCB) or acryl-based material. It serves to planarize the surface and protect the pattern.

In this case, the thin film transistor TFT may include a gate electrode 112a branched from the gate line 112, a gate insulating layer 113 formed on the entire surface including the gate electrode 112a, and the gate electrode 112a. A semiconductor layer 114 formed by sequentially depositing amorphous silicon (a-Si) and amorphous silicon (n + a-Si) ion-implanted with impurities into the upper gate insulating layer 113 and branches from the data line 115. And the source / drain electrodes 115a and 115b respectively formed on the edges of the semiconductor layer 114 to be applied to the unit pixel P.

The pixel electrode 117 is connected to the drain electrode 115b through the first contact hole 119a exposing the drain electrode 115b to a predetermined exposure.

In addition, the gate wiring 112 and the data wiring 115 include copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), aluminum alloy (AlNd: AluminumNeodymium), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and tantalum ( Ta), molybdenum-tungsten (MoW), and the like can be formed of a low resistance metal, the common wiring 125 is formed simultaneously with the gate wiring 112.

However, the common electrode 124 and the pixel electrode 117 have a light transmittance such as indium-tin-oxide (ITO) or indium-zinc-oxide (IZO). The common electrode 124 may be formed of a low-resistance metal layer by branching when the common wire 124 is formed by using a relatively excellent transparent conductive metal as a material.

That is, the common electrode 124 may be formed on the same layer as the pixel electrode 117 using ITO or IZO, which is a transparent conductive film that transmits light, or may be formed on the same layer as the gate wiring 112.

The common electrode 124 may be formed on the upper layer of the pixel electrode 117, the common electrode 124 may be formed on the lower layer of the pixel electrode 117, and the pixel electrode 117 may be formed on the common layer. It may be formed on the same layer as the common electrode 124 within a range not shorted with the electrode 124.

An end of the common electrode 124 is electrically connected to the common line 125 through the second contact hole 119b to receive a voltage from the common line 125, and the pixel electrode 117 has an end thereof. It is formed integrally and connected to the drain electrode 115b of the thin film transistor TFT to receive a voltage.

The common electrode 124 and the pixel electrode 117 may be formed in a straight line shape or a zigzag shape, and are alternately formed in parallel with each other.

12 is a plan view showing a part of a color filter substrate (upper substrate) in the liquid crystal panel according to the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III 'of FIG. 12.

Here, only the substrate is schematically illustrated in order to display the cell gap (the cell substrate is shown in detail in FIG. 6).

As illustrated in FIGS. 5, 12, and 13, the black matrix 122 includes a thin film transistor (TFT) region, a gate wiring 112, and data on the upper substrate 121 facing the lower substrate 111. It is formed to block the wiring 115 and the light leakage generating area around it.

In addition, the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb inside the black matrix 122 on the upper substrate 121 contain red, green, and green pigments. A color filter layer 123 in which blue color resists are arranged in a predetermined order is formed, and an overcoat layer 129 is formed to planarize an inner surface of the upper substrate 121.

In this case, the overcoat layer 129 is removed from the upper substrate 121 in the subpixel Pv for view control.

Therefore, the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is larger than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, and the thickness a of the overcoat layer 129 and the color filter layer. It is formed as large as the thickness b of 123.

That is, the cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel Pv 셀 the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb + the thickness of the overcoat layer (a) + the thickness of the color filter layer (b) Satisfies the relational expression of (here, the thickness of the common electrode for visual field control is not considered).

In addition, the visual field control common electrode 524 made of a transparent electrode material is formed in the visual field control subpixel Pv.

The common electrode 524 for visual field control may be formed of a transparent conductive metal having a relatively high transmittance of light, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Formed using as a material.

In addition, the field control common electrode 524 is connected to the field control common wire 525, and the field control common wire 525 is formed on the black matrix 122, and extends to the outside to receive a signal. .

In addition, a signal is input by connecting to a common wire 525 for visual field control formed on the upper substrate 121 through a conductive connection pattern (not shown) in a circuit unit formed on the lower substrate 111. The subpixel Pv may be driven.

The common wire 525 for controlling the field of view may be formed of a transparent conductive metal having a relatively high transmittance of light such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Can be used as a material, copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), aluminum alloy (AlNd: Aluminum Neodymium), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum- It may be formed of a low resistance metal such as tungsten (MoW).

The lower substrate 111 and the upper substrate 121 configured as described above are opposed to each other by a seal material (not shown) which is printed on the edge of the substrate and serves as an adhesive, and the liquid crystal layer 131 is formed between the two substrates. ) Is formed.

The first and second polarizing plates 161 and 162 are disposed on the outer circumferential surfaces of the two substrates so that their transmission axes are perpendicular to each other, and the rubbing direction of the alignment layer formed on the lower substrate 111 is the transmission axis of any one polarizing plate. Side by side with it makes it normally black mode.

Meanwhile, as mentioned above, the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is larger than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. It is done.

The transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device configured as described above is driven in a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode. When driving in the wide viewing angle mode, a black voltage is applied to the visual control subpixel Pv or a voltage is applied. This is unlicensed.

When the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is driven in a narrow viewing angle mode, a proper voltage is applied to the visual field control subpixel Pv, and a vertical electric field is generated in the visual field control subpixel Pv so that liquid crystal molecules are generated. Since it moves vertically, the transmissive state in the front remains black regardless of voltage application, and the transmittance varies according to the application of voltage at an inclination angle.

In the wide viewing angle mode, the visual control subpixel Pv becomes a black state by applying a black voltage, and when no voltage is applied to the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, Molecules 132 are arranged as shown in FIG. 6A to indicate an overall black state.

On the other hand, although the size of the cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel Pv is larger than the size of the cell gap Pc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, the visual control subpixel Pv does not exist. ) Is horizontally oriented so that it has no phase delay value, indicating a black state.

In the wide viewing angle mode, the visual control subpixel Pv is black when the black voltage is applied, and when the voltage is applied to the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, as shown in FIG. 6B. As described above, the liquid crystal molecules 132 are arranged side by side in the electric field to display a white state.

On the other hand, although the size of the cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel Pv is larger than the size of the cell gap Pc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, the visual control subpixel Pv does not exist. ) Is horizontally oriented so that it does not have a phase delay value and shows a black state.

The transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention configured as described above may be driven in a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode for security, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. According to the appropriate voltage to which the blue and green subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb are applied, black to white are implemented at a wide viewing angle, and the visual control subpixel Pv is turned off to maintain a black state.

7A and 7B are graphs showing transmission characteristics in the wide viewing angle mode of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing contrast-ratios depending on the viewing angles in the subpixel Pv for controlling the viewing angle in the wide viewing angle mode in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display according to the present invention.

FIG. 7A is a graph illustrating transmission characteristics when no voltage is applied to the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb in the wide viewing angle mode, and FIG. 7B is a subpixel Pv for controlling the view in the wide viewing angle mode. Is a graph showing the permeation characteristics of

In this case, the cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel Pv is larger than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, and the thickness a of the overcoat layer 129 and the color filter layer. It is formed as large as the thickness b of 123.

Thus, as shown in the wide viewing angle mode, the visual control subpixel Pv has a transmittance close to 0% and always becomes a black state, and the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb are turned on and off. The transmittance characteristic of the state is black when the voltage is not applied and the transmittance is close to 0%, and when the voltage is applied, the screen is uniformly white in the entire state.

The cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is larger than the cell gap Pc of the red, green and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb, but the field control subpixel Pv is larger than the cell gap Pc of the field control subpixel Pv. ) Is horizontally oriented so that it does not have a phase delay value, so that the black state is displayed so that the contrast ratio is uniform and good in the entire field of view in the wide viewing angle mode, which is referred to the graph shown in FIG. 8.

On the other hand, in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the viewing angle mode switching uses a selection signal to selectively switch the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle.

When the wide viewing angle mode is selected by the selection signal, the viewing control subpixel Pv is turned off. When the narrow viewing angle mode is selected, the viewing control subpixel Pv is turned on.

Hereinafter, the narrow viewing angle mode driving in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described in detail.

9A to 9C are cross-sectional views showing the narrow viewing angle mode of the present invention on the II-II 'line in FIG.

FIG. 10A is a graph showing transmission characteristics when no voltage is applied to the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb in the narrow viewing angle mode, and FIG. 10B is a subpixel Pv for controlling the view in the narrow viewing angle mode. Is a graph showing the permeation characteristics of

FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating contrast-ratio according to the cell gap dv of the subpixel for controlling the field of view in the narrow viewing angle mode in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display according to the present invention.

 FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device in a voltage off-state narrow viewing angle mode, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device in a voltage on-state narrow viewing angle mode.

In the horizontal field type liquid crystal display device driven in the narrow viewing angle mode, a vertical electric field is formed between the common electrode 524 for the field control and the pixel electrode 517 for the field control in the subpixel for view control so that the liquid crystal molecules 132 are vertically arranged. do.

In this case, since the color filter resin and the overcoat material are not formed in the field control subpixel Pv, and the field control common electrode 524 made of a transparent electrode material is formed on the substrate, the field control subpixel Pv is formed. The cell gap dv is larger than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb by the thickness a of the overcoat layer 129 and the thickness b of the color filter layer 123. Is formed.

That is, the cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel Pv 셀 the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb + the thickness of the overcoat layer (a) + the thickness of the color filter layer (b) Satisfies the relational expression of (here, the thickness of the common electrode for visual field control is not considered).

Accordingly, Δn (liquid crystal anisotropy) × dv (cell gap), which is the retardation value of the visual field control subpixel Pv, is Δn × dc, which is the retardation value of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. When the sub-pixel Pv for controlling the field of view is controlled, the retardation is largely generated by the liquid crystal molecules 132 at the left and right viewing angles, so that the contrast is reduced, resulting in a narrower viewing angle. do.

As shown in FIGS. 9A and 10A, a horizontal electric field is not formed between the common electrode 124 and the pixel electrode 117 of the red, green, and blue subpixels in a voltage off-state. The liquid crystal molecules 132 oriented between the 124 and the pixel electrode 117 are expressed in a normally black mode because the liquid crystal molecules 132 are not moved in the initial arrangement state.

In addition, a vertical electric field is formed between the field control pixel electrode 517 of the lower substrate 111 and the field control common electrode 524 of the upper substrate 121 in the field control subpixel Pv to form a liquid crystal molecule 132. Is arranged vertically.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10B, the phase difference of the liquid crystal molecules 132 does not occur in the front viewing angle, thereby forming a normally black state. However, the liquid crystal molecules 132 which rise in the viewing control subpixels in the left and right viewing angle directions. Retardation is largely generated due to the decrease in contrast, and thus the left and right viewing angles are deteriorated to have a narrow viewing angle.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 9B and 10A, a horizontal electric field is formed between the common electrode 124 and the pixel electrode 117 in a voltage application state, so that the common electrode 124 and the pixel electrode ( The long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 132 oriented between 117 are arranged parallel to the electric field. If the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal is negative, the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules 132 is arranged side by side in the electric field.

A vertical electric field is formed between the field control pixel electrode 517 of the lower substrate 111 and the field control common electrode 524 of the upper substrate 121 in the field control subpixel Pv. Is arranged vertically.

Therefore, the front view angle is generally white, but in the left and right viewing angle directions, retardation is largely caused by the liquid crystal molecules raised in the view control subpixel Pv, and the contrast is reduced. The right angle of view becomes worse, and the angle of view becomes narrower.

In the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 10B, an appropriate voltage is applied to the visual control subpixel Pv in the narrow viewing angle mode, and the transmittance is 0% at the front viewing angle. Close to, it becomes black and white at the side viewing angle.

Therefore, in the left and right viewing angle directions, retardation is largely caused by the liquid crystal molecules 132 that rise in the viewing control subpixel Pv, and the contrast is reduced, so the left and right viewing angles become worse and narrow. It has a viewing angle and is the same as the graph of FIG. 11.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10B, the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb is 3.4 μm, and the cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel Pv is shown in FIG. 10B. ) Shows the luminance curve according to the viewing angle direction when 3.7㎛, and the curve (t) is the cell gap (dc) of the red, green, and blue subpixels (Pr, Pg, Pb) is 3.4㎛, and the subpixel for view control is shown. The luminance curve in the viewing angle direction when the cell gap dv of (Pv) is 5.2 mu m is shown.

That is, as the cell gap dv of the view control subpixel Pv increases, the light leakage of the left and right viewing angles increases, resulting in a decrease in the viewing angle range. In addition, even if the cell gap dv of the view control subpixel Pv increases, the front view angle characteristic is not affected at all.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 11, as the cell gap dv of the visual control subpixel in the narrow viewing angle mode increases from 3.4 μm to 5.2 μm, the viewing angle range of the visual control subpixel Pv is curved in the curve u. It can be seen that the narrowing (v), which provides enhanced security to the user of the liquid crystal display device, in which the user can see the screen in high quality.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9C, when the voltage applied to the visual control subpixel Pv is properly adjusted during the narrow viewing angle driving, the second common electrode 524 and the second pixel electrode 517 are disposed between each other. The vertical electric field formed may be adjusted, and thus the retardation values in the left and right viewing angle directions of the liquid crystal molecules 132 may be adjusted.

That is, a vertical electric field may be formed by at least one pixel voltage level of the second pixel electrode 517 and the second common electrode 524 of the visual control subpixel.

Therefore, the user can adjust the viewing angle to view the screen as desired.

This provides flexibility to the security range for the user of the liquid crystal display device, and can be used not only for one person, but also when using more than one person, the screen can be seen in high quality without any inconvenience and security can be secured.

Meanwhile, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention may have various arrangement forms with respect to the arrangement order of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb and the view control subpixel Pv. The red, green and blue subpixels and the view control subpixels may be arranged horizontally.

As described above, in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display according to the present invention, as the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel increases, light leakage generated in the side view increases, and the viewing angle range becomes narrow.

To this end, in the first exemplary embodiment, the overcoat layer 129 is removed without forming the color filter layer 123 in the field control subpixel Pv, and thus, relative to the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. In contrast, the cell gap dv could be further increased.

14A to 14C are plan views schematically illustrating an upper substrate of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV ′.

Here, only the substrate is schematically illustrated in order to display the cell gap (the cell substrate is shown in detail in FIG. 6).

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the partition wall is formed by using a dummy spacer around the sub-pixel Pv for view control formed on the upper substrate 121 of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device. The thickness (a) of the overcoat layer 129 and the thickness (a ') of the overcoat layer 129 of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb are enclosed within the view control subpixel Pv surrounded by the area. To form differently.

As shown in FIGS. 14A and 15, on the upper substrate 121, the black matrix 122 blocks the thin film transistor (TFT) region, the gate wiring 112, the data wiring 115, and the light leakage generating region around the black substrate 122. It is formed to.

In addition, the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb inside the black matrix 122 on the upper substrate 121 contain red, green, and green pigments. A color filter layer 123 in which blue color resists are arranged in a certain order is formed.

After the color filter layer 123 is formed, a patterned spacer 178 is formed at a predetermined position on the black matrix 122.

The barrier spacer 179 is formed of the same material as the pattern spacer 178 and is formed on the peripheral black matrix 122 of the visual control subpixel Pv.

In this case, if the barrier spacer 179 has the same height as the pattern spacer 178, as shown in FIGS. 14A to 14C, on the peripheral black matrix 122 of the field control subpixel Pv. At least one side, such as '└ 개구', '││', '└', '┘', is formed to be open. This is to prevent the field control common wiring 525 formed on one side of the peripheral black matrix 122 of the field control subpixel Pv from being connected to the lower substrate 111. 525 is formed on the opened black matrix 122 without forming the partition spacer 179.

In addition, although not illustrated, the partition spacer 179 may be formed to have a height lower than that of the pattern spacer 178. Thus, the barrier spacer 179 may be formed on the peripheral black matrix 122 of the field control subpixel Pv. Not only ',' ││ ',' └ ',' ┘ 'but also' □ 'form.

Here, the pattern spacer 178 is also called a column spacer, and the pattern spacer 178 is a pillar for uniformly matching the thickness of the liquid crystal panel between the upper substrate 121 and the lower substrate 111. It is a material that plays a role and is formed of organic materials.

In order to form the pattern spacer 178 and the partition spacer 179, a coating process of coating a photosensitive organic material on the upper substrate 121 on which the color filter layer 123 is formed, and a double selected region using a mask It is formed through a photolithography process of exposure and development for exposing or blocking the process, and a cleaning process for washing and drying the residual material.

At this time, if the heights of the pattern spacer 178 and the partition spacer 179 are different from each other, a half-tone mask or a diffraction mask is used as the mask to position the partition spacer 179 to be formed. Since the light semitransmissive region or the slit region of the mask is positioned, the photosensitive organic material may have a pattern spacer 178 and a barrier spacer 179 having a lower height than the pattern spacer 178 in the same process. To be formed.

Meanwhile, in order to planarize the surface of the upper substrate 121 on which the pattern spacer 178 and the partition spacer 179 are formed, a spin coating method using a transparent organic material, for example, an acryl-based material, The overcoat layer 129 is formed by a printing method or the like.

In this case, the thickness a ′ of the overcoat layer 129 formed in the view control subpixel Pv in the upper substrate 121 may be an overcoat layer formed in red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb ( It is formed thinner than the thickness (a) of 129, which makes it difficult for an overcoat material formed by a method such as spin coating or printing to invade into the visual control subpixel Pv by the height of the partition spacer 179. It is formed to a thickness thinner than the overcoat layer 129 formed on the adjacent red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb.

Accordingly, the cell gap dv + overcoat layer thickness a 'of the visual control subpixel Pv + the cell gap dc + overcoat layer thickness a of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. The relation of the thickness b of the color filter layer is satisfied (the thickness of the common electrode for view control is not taken into consideration).

That is, the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is {overcoat layer thickness a + thickness of the color filter layer (r) than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. b)-overcoat layer thickness a ').

For example, the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb is about 3.4 μm, and the overcoat layer 129 thickness a is about 1.5 μm, and the color filter layer 123 is thick. When (b) is about 1 μm, and the overcoat layer thickness a 'formed on the field control subpixel Pv is 0.5 μm, the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is {3.4+ ( 1.5 + 1-0.5)} to about 5.4 μm. Therefore, in the left and right viewing angle directions, retardation is greatly generated by the liquid crystal molecules 132 that rise in the viewing control subpixel Pv, resulting in increased light leakage, resulting in deterioration of the left and right viewing angle characteristics. To have.

On the other hand, the visual field control common pixel 524 made of a transparent electrode material is formed in the visual field control subpixel Pv.

The common electrode 524 for visual field control may be formed of a transparent conductive metal having a relatively high transmittance of light, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Formed using as a material.

In addition, the field control common electrode 524 is connected to the field control common wire 525, and the field control common wire 525 is formed on the black matrix 122, and extends to the outside to receive a signal. .

In addition, a signal is input by connecting to a common wire 525 for visual field control formed on the upper substrate 121 through a conductive connection pattern (not shown) in a circuit unit formed on the lower substrate 111. The subpixel Pv may be driven.

The common wire 525 for controlling the field of view may be formed of a transparent conductive metal having a relatively high transmittance of light such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Can be used as a material, copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), aluminum alloy (AlNd: Aluminum Neodymium), molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum- It may be formed of a low resistance metal such as tungsten (MoW).

The lower substrate 111 and the upper substrate 121 configured as described above are opposed to each other by a seal material (not shown) which is printed on the edge of the substrate and serves as an adhesive, and the liquid crystal layer 131 is formed between the two substrates. ) Is formed.

FIG. 16 is a plan view schematically illustrating an upper substrate of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV ′.

Here, only the substrate is schematically illustrated in order to display the cell gap (the cell substrate is shown in detail in FIG. 6).

According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the partition black matrix 122a is further formed on the peripheral black matrix 122 of the field control subpixel Pv formed on the upper substrate 121 of the transverse electric field liquid crystal display device. The thickness (a) of the overcoat layer 129 and the overcoat layer 129 of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb are disposed in the view control subpixel Pv surrounded by the partition black matrix 122a. The thickness a 'is differently formed.

In this case, the thickness a ′ of the overcoat layer 129 formed in the view control subpixel Pv in the upper substrate 121 may be an overcoat layer formed in red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb ( It is formed thinner than the thickness (a) of 129, which means that the overcoat material formed by a method such as spin coating or printing does not invade the inside of the view control sub-pixel Pv by the height of the partition black matrix 122a. It is difficult to form a thickness thinner than the overcoat layer 129 formed on adjacent red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb.

Looking at the manufacturing method for forming the partition black matrix 122a, the black matrix 122 is formed on the upper substrate 121 of the thin film transistor (TFT) region, the gate wiring 112, the data wiring 115 and the surroundings thereof. It is formed to block the periphery of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb and the visual control subpixel Pv, such as a light leakage generating region.

Subsequently, the partition black matrix 122a is formed on the black matrix 122 around the viewing control subpixel Pv in the form of '□', '││', '└', '┘' as well as '□'. ) May be further formed.

In this case, the partition black matrix 122a may be formed at the same time as the black matrix 122 or may be formed in different processes.

First, in order to form the partition black matrix 122a at the same time as the black matrix 122, a coating process of coating a black matrix material on the upper substrate 121 to the height of the partition black matrix 122a; Through photolithography of exposure and development to expose or block the double selected areas using a mask, an etching process to etch the exposed areas, and a cleaning process to wash and dry residual materials. Is formed.

In this case, the light semi-transmissive region or the slit region of the mask is positioned at the position where the black matrix 122 is to be formed by using a half-tone mask or a diffraction mask as the mask. ) May be formed at a height lower than that of the partition black matrix 122a.

In addition, after the black matrix 122 is formed on the upper substrate 121 by the photolithography process, the partition black matrix 122a may be formed by the photolithography process.

In addition, the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb inside the black matrix 122 on the upper substrate 121 contain red, green, and green pigments. A color filter layer 123 in which blue color resists are arranged in a certain order is formed.

In this case, the color filter layer 123 is not formed inside the visual control subpixel Pv.

Subsequently, in order to planarize the surface of the upper substrate 121, the overcoat layer 129 is formed of a transparent organic material, for example, an acryl-based material by spin coating, printing, or the like. Formed.

In this case, the thickness a ′ of the overcoat layer formed in the view control subpixel Pv in the upper substrate 121 may be the thickness of the overcoat layer 129 formed in the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. It is formed thinner than the thickness (a), which is difficult to invade the inside of the visual control sub-pixel (Pv) due to the height of the barrier black matrix 122a by the overcoat material formed by a method such as spin coating or printing. It is formed to have a thickness thinner than that of the overcoat layer 129 formed on the green and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb.

Accordingly, the cell gap dv + overcoat layer thickness a 'of the visual control subpixel Pv + the cell gap dc + overcoat layer thickness a of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. The relation of the thickness b of the color filter layer is satisfied (the thickness of the common electrode for view control is not taken into consideration).

That is, the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is {overcoat layer thickness a + thickness of the color filter layer (r) than the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb. b)-overcoat layer thickness a ').

For example, the cell gap dc of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb is about 3.4 μm, the overcoat layer thickness a is about 1.5 μm, and the color filter layer thickness b is about 1 μm. Suppose that the overcoat layer thickness a 'formed in the field control subpixel Pv is 0.5 μm, and the cell gap dv of the field control subpixel Pv is {3.4+ (1.5 + 1-0.5). }, So that it is about 5.4 mu m. Therefore, in the left and right viewing angle directions, retardation is greatly generated by the liquid crystal molecules 132 in the viewing control subpixel Pv, resulting in increased light leakage, resulting in deterioration of the left and right viewing angle characteristics. To have.

On the other hand, the visual field control common pixel 524 made of a transparent electrode material is formed in the visual field control subpixel Pv.

The common electrode 524 for visual field control may be formed of a transparent conductive metal having a relatively high transmittance of light, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Formed using as a material.

In addition, the field control common electrode 524 is connected to the field control common wire 525, and the field control common wire 525 is formed on the black matrix 122, and extends to the outside to receive a signal. .

In addition, a signal is input by connecting to a common wire 525 for visual field control formed on the upper substrate 121 through a conductive connection pattern (not shown) in a circuit unit formed on the lower substrate 111. The subpixel Pv may be driven.

The lower substrate 111 and the upper substrate 121 configured as described above are opposed to each other by a seal material (not shown) which is printed on the edge of the substrate and serves as an adhesive, and the liquid crystal layer 131 is formed between the two substrates. ) Is formed.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment according to the present invention, in which a partition is formed around a subpixel for controlling a view of an upper substrate using a color filter.

Here, only the substrate is schematically illustrated in order to display a cell gap, and detailed descriptions of the same reference numerals and components will be omitted for the contents described with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 17.

According to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a partition color filter layer is further formed on the peripheral black matrix of the field control subpixel Pv formed on the upper substrate 121 of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display, thereby surrounded by the partition black matrix. The thickness a of the overcoat layer 129 and the thickness a 'of the overcoat layer 129 of the red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb are differently formed in the view control subpixel Pv. will be.

In order to form the color filter layer 123, red, green and blue color filter layers 123 are sequentially formed by depositing and patterning red, green, and blue resin on the upper substrate 121 on which the black matrix 122 is formed. In this case, when the color filter layers 123 are formed, the partition color filter layers 123a and 123b are formed by stacking the red, green, and blue color filter layers on the black matrix 122 around the visual control subpixel Pv. Form.

Subsequently, the overcoat layer 129 is formed on the upper substrate 121 on which the color filter layer 123 and the partition color filter layers 123a and 123b are formed by spin coating or printing, and the partition color filter layers 123a and 123b. (A) of the overcoat layer 129 formed on adjacent red, green, and blue subpixels Pr, Pg, and Pb due to the difficulty of invading the overcoat material into the visual control subpixel Pv due to the height of The thickness a 'of the overcoat layer 129 formed inside the view control subpixel Pv is thinner.

The partition color filter layers 123a and 123b in the form of '□', '││', '└', '┘' as well as '□' on the black matrix 122 around the visual control subpixel Pv. ) May be further formed, and the partition color filter layers 123a and 123b are formed by stacking at least two or more color filter layers.

Therefore, as the cell gap dv of the viewing angle control subpixel Pv increases, the retardation is greatly generated by the liquid crystal molecules 132 that rise in the viewing control subpixel Pv in the left and right viewing angle directions. Since the light leakage increases, the left and right viewing angles are deteriorated to have narrow viewing angles.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto, and the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention are not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto.

The present invention can be implemented by selecting a wide viewing angle mode or a narrow viewing angle mode in a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, thereby providing a first effect of improving personal security.

In addition, the present invention has a second effect that is simple in the process and excellent in light efficiency by adding a subpixel for view control to control the viewing angle without providing a separate layer for viewing angle control.

In addition, the present invention provides a resilience to a security range to a user, and it can be used not only for a single user but also for a third user who can view a screen with high image quality without inconvenience when using one or more persons, It is effective.

In addition, the present invention increases the cell gap dv of the viewing angle control subpixel Pv rather than the cell gap of the red, green, and blue subpixels, thereby increasing light leakage at the left and right viewing angles, thereby having a narrower viewing angle. There is a fourth effect that can be improved.

In addition, the present invention has a fifth effect that the manufacturing process is easy because no additional equipment and materials are needed by reducing or removing the thickness of the overcoat layer in a simple process to increase the cell gap of the viewing angle control subpixel.

Claims (41)

A first substrate and a second substrate; Gate wiring and data wiring intersecting longitudinally and horizontally with each other on the first substrate to define red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels; A thin film transistor formed in a crossing region of the gate wiring and the data wiring; A first pixel electrode and a first common electrode which are alternately spaced apart from each other in the red, green, and blue subpixels; A second pixel electrode formed on the field control subpixel; A black matrix formed on a boundary of the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels and a thin film transistor position on the second substrate; A red, green, and blue color filter layer formed at a position corresponding to the red, green, and blue subpixels on the second substrate; An overcoat layer selectively formed on the red, green, and blue subpixels of the second substrate; A second common electrode formed to correspond to the second pixel electrode to form a vertical electric field or an electroless state; A liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates, In the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal on the field control subpixel maintains the initial alignment state due to the fieldless state, In the narrow viewing angle mode having a narrower viewing angle than the wide viewing angle, the liquid crystals on the subpixel for viewing control are arranged perpendicular to the first substrate due to the vertical electric field state, And a cell gap (dv) of the field control subpixel is greater than a cell gap (dc) of red, green, and blue subpixels (dv> dc). The method of claim 1, And first and second polarizing plates are attached to one surface of the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively. The method of claim 1, The second common electrode is connected to the second common wire and extends to the outside. The method of claim 1, And the second common electrode is made of a transparent conductive material. The method of claim 3, And the second common wiring is made of a transparent conductive material or a metal material. delete The method of claim 1, The first common electrode and the first pixel electrode are formed in a straight line or zigzag form. The method of claim 1, And a driving circuit unit for supplying at least one pixel voltage level forming a vertical electric field between the second pixel electrode and the second common electrode of the field control subpixel. The method of claim 1, And the overcoat layer disposed in an area corresponding to the visual field control subpixel is removed. Forming a gate line and a data line on the first substrate, the gate line and the data line defining red, green, and blue subpixels and a subpixel for view control; Forming a thin film transistor at a position where the gate line and the data line cross each other; Forming a plurality of first common electrodes parallel to the data lines in the red, green, and blue subpixels, and a plurality of first pixel electrodes that are alternately arranged with the first common electrode; Forming a second pixel electrode on the field control subpixel; Forming a black matrix on a second substrate opposite the first substrate; Forming the red, green, and blue color filters on the second substrate; Applying and patterning an overcoat material on the second substrate to selectively form an overcoat layer on the red, green, and blue subpixels; Forming a second common electrode on the second substrate on the second substrate, the second common electrode having a vertical electric field or an electroless state corresponding to the second pixel electrode; Forming a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, In the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal on the field control subpixel maintains the initial alignment state due to the fieldless state, In the narrow viewing angle mode having a narrower viewing angle than the wide viewing angle, the liquid crystals on the subpixel for viewing control are arranged perpendicular to the first substrate due to the vertical electric field state, And a cell gap (dv) of the field control subpixel is greater than a cell gap (dc) of red, green, and blue subpixels (dv> dc). The method of claim 10, The polarizing plate is attached to one surface of the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device. The method of claim 10, And forming a second common line to connect the second common electrode to the second common electrode. The method of claim 10, And the second common electrode is made of a transparent conductive material. 13. The method of claim 12, And the second common wiring is made of a transparent conductive material or a metal material. The method of claim 10, And the first common electrode is made of the same material as the gate line. The method of claim 10, And the first common electrode is made of the same material as the first pixel electrode. delete The method of claim 10, And the field control subpixel is in an off state in the wide viewing angle mode and in an on state in the narrow viewing angle mode. The method of claim 10, And a second pixel electrode of the field control subpixel has at least one voltage level. The method of claim 10, Applying and patterning an overcoat material on the second substrate to selectively form an overcoat layer on the red, green, and blue subpixels; And overcoat material disposed in an area corresponding to the visual field control subpixel is removed. A first substrate and a second substrate; Gate wiring and data wiring intersecting longitudinally and horizontally with each other on the first substrate to define red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels; A thin film transistor formed in a crossing region of the gate wiring and the data wiring; A first pixel electrode and a first common electrode which are alternately spaced apart from each other in the red, green, and blue subpixels; A second pixel electrode formed on the field control subpixel; A black matrix formed on a boundary of the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels and a thin film transistor position on the second substrate; A red, green, and blue color filter layer formed at a position corresponding to the red, green, and blue subpixels on the second substrate; A partition wall having a predetermined height formed on the black matrix of the boundary of the visual control subpixel; An overcoat layer having a different thickness on the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels of the second substrate; A second common electrode formed to correspond to the second pixel electrode to form a vertical electric field or an electroless state; A liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates, In the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal on the field control subpixel maintains the initial alignment state due to the fieldless state, In the narrow viewing angle mode having a narrower viewing angle than the wide viewing angle, the liquid crystals on the subpixel for viewing control are arranged perpendicular to the first substrate due to the vertical electric field state, And a cell gap (dv) of the field control subpixel is greater than a cell gap (dc) of red, green, and blue subpixels (dv> dc). 22. The method of claim 21, And the barrier rib is formed of a pattern spacer. 22. The method of claim 21, And the barrier rib is formed in multiple layers or integrally with a black matrix material. 22. The method of claim 21, The barrier rib is formed by stacking at least two layers of red, green, and blue color filter layers. 22. The method of claim 21, The second common electrode is connected to the second common wire and extends to the outside. delete 22. The method of claim 21, The first common electrode and the first pixel electrode are formed in a straight line or zigzag form. 22. The method of claim 21, And a thickness (a ') of the overcoat layer formed on the field-control subpixel is thinner than that of the overcoat layer formed on the red, green and blue subpixels (a' <a). 22. The method of claim 21, The partition wall is a liquid crystal display device characterized in that the form of '└┘', '││', '└', '┘', '□'. Forming a gate line and a data line on the first substrate, the gate line and the data line defining red, green, and blue subpixels and a subpixel for view control; Forming a thin film transistor at a position where the gate line and the data line cross each other; Forming a plurality of first common electrodes parallel to the data lines in the red, green, and blue subpixels, and a plurality of first pixel electrodes that are alternately arranged with the first common electrode; Forming a second pixel electrode on the field control subpixel; Forming a black matrix and red, green, and blue color filters on a second substrate facing the first substrate; Forming a partition having a predetermined height on a black matrix formed at a boundary of the view control subpixel; Forming an overcoat layer on the red, green, blue, and visual control subpixels of the second substrate; Forming a second common electrode on the second substrate on the second substrate, the second common electrode having a vertical electric field or an electroless state corresponding to the second pixel electrode; Forming a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, In the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal on the field control subpixel maintains the initial alignment state due to the fieldless state, In the narrow viewing angle mode having a narrower viewing angle than the wide viewing angle, the liquid crystals on the subpixel for viewing control are arranged perpendicular to the first substrate due to the vertical electric field state, And a cell gap (dv) of the field control subpixel is greater than a cell gap (dc) of red, green, and blue subpixels (dv> dc). 31. The method of claim 30, In the step of forming a partition of a predetermined height on the black matrix formed on the boundary of the visual control sub-pixel, Applying a spacer material on the second substrate; And forming a spacer spacer having a predetermined height on the black matrix formed at a boundary between the column spacer and the field control subpixel by patterning the spacer material by a mask process. 32. The method of claim 31, The partition spacer and the column spacer is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device, characterized in that formed in the same height. 32. The method of claim 31, And wherein the barrier spacer is formed to be lower than a height of the column spacer. 31. The method of claim 30, And forming a second common wiring connecting the second common electrode. 31. The method of claim 30, And the overcoat layer is formed by a spin coating method or a printing method. 31. The method of claim 30, The thickness (a ') of the overcoat layer formed in the field control subpixel is formed thinner (a' <a) than the thickness (a) of the overcoat layer formed in the red, green, and blue subpixels. Manufacturing method. 31. The method of claim 30, In the step of forming a partition of a predetermined height on the black matrix formed on the boundary of the visual control sub-pixel, And wherein the barrier rib further forms a black matrix on a black matrix formed at the boundary of the sub-pixel for controlling the field of view at a predetermined height or multiple layers. 31. The method of claim 30, And the field control subpixel is in an off state in the wide viewing angle mode and in an on state in the narrow viewing angle mode. 31. The method of claim 30, In the step of forming a partition of a predetermined height on the black matrix formed on the boundary of the visual control sub-pixel, And wherein the barrier rib is further stacked with a red, green, and blue color filter layer on a black matrix formed at the boundary of the sub-pixel for view control to form a predetermined height. delete 31. The method of claim 30, The partition wall is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the '└┘', '││', '└', '┘', '□' form.

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